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INITAO COLLEGE Course Code: M17-TLE 2

Jampason, Initao, Misamis Oriental Course Title: Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan
2nd Semester, S.Y. 2023 - 2024 with Entrepreneurship
Unit: 3 (Lecture)

SPECIFIC INSTRUCTION FOR SUBMISSIONS

For Category B. (Partial Online)
 Use a separate Yellow Paper for the answers.
 Write your NAME, COURSE, YEAR, PHONE NUMBER, AND GROUP NUMBER at the header of the page.
 Send your output (Picture of your answer) to my Facebook account through messenger.
 Deadline will be on February 19, 2021 (Friday)
For Category C.
 Use separate 1 whole sheet of paper for the answer/s.
 If you consume more than one page per task, staple your output.
 Write your NAME, COURSE, YEAR, GROUP NUMBER, LEARNING HUB, and PHONE NUMBER, at the top of your paper.
 Deadline will be on February 19, 2021 (Friday)
MODULE 3
Topic: Desired Learning Outcomes:

 Agricultural Arts: Plant production methods of plant  Illustrate basic concepts of propagating plants
production

Duration: 3 hrs.
INTRODUCTION

There are several ways of propagating trees. Propagating trees is usually done to ensure good quality breed of tree that will produce good
harvest.
Grafting is combining the tissues of one plant with another so the two joins together. In order for the grafting to be successful, the tissues
of both stock and scion plants must remain in continuous contact, and stay alive until the tissues fuse (usually a period of weeks). These joints
formed by grafting are generally not as strong as those naturally formed because only newly formed tissues fuse with each other.
Marcotting, also called Air Layering is an asexual or vegetative method of plant propagation in which a new plant is made from a mature,
established parent plant. It is a very easy and quick way to multiply or propagate woody plants. In this method of plant propagation, roots are
induced to form on a part of the parent plant (by causing a sort of “wound” or “cut” and then covering it up) while it remains aerial (above
ground), hence the term Air Layering.
Fruit trees which have grown from seed may not give good fruit. There are various other ways to make sure that trees fruit well.
Depending on the variety and season there are different methods to improve fruit trees. One way is by taking a local, wild fruit tree and
transferring a bud from a tasty, good and heavy-fruiting tree onto it. This is called Budding. Budding is just one of the techniques used to improve
fruit trees so that they give more production.
ABSTRACTION

In this module we will discuss the course content and the grading system intended for this second semester school year 2020-2021.
ANALYSIS

GRAFTING

In this method, a new plant is grown by inserting a scion into the stock so that they will form a union and grow together. The scion and the
rootstock should come from the same specie or family. They should be compatible for them to grow permanently.

There are two parts of grafting,

1. Scion - is a section of a plant stem or branch with three- or four-leaf buds joined to a stock in grafting. The upper part of grafting.

2. Rootstock - is a part of a tree which becomes the root system of the grafted tree. This is the lower part of grafting.
Four types of grafting;
1. Whip Grafting - (also called splice or tongue grafting) - is one of the oldest methods of asexual plant propagation known. The end of the
scion is cut so as to leave a tongue - shaped piece of wood and another cut is made in it. The scion is fitted into the stock which has been
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prepared and covers the joint with ice bag and ties it with scotch tape.
2. Side Grafting - insert the scion without cutting off the top of the stock. A slit is made in the bark of the stock where the scion is inserted
3. Saddle Grafting - a V-shaped which is made in the scion. The end of the stock is whittled to a point so that the scion will fit over it like a
saddle.
4. Cleft Grafting - one of the simplest and the most popular forms of grafting. The stock is split to form a cleft and wedge – shaped scion is
inserted to the cleft.

MARCOTTING (Air Layering)

Air layering is a propagation method for woody plants that allows you to root branches while still attached to the parent plant. It is useful for
plants that are hard to propagate by cutting.

Below are the step-by-step methods on how to do marcot.

Step 1. Gathering all the materials needed.

Step 2. Choose the branch.
Step 3. Set the cuts in the bark of a branch.
Step 4. Scrape.
Step 5. Apply soil/coconut dust and coconut husk.
Step 6. Secure plastic and fill with soil/coconut dust/sphagnum moss.
Step 6. Tie.
Step 7. Harvest & Pot Air Layered Plants.

When to Harvest a Marcotted Branch?

When a marcotted branch roots, the root will appear pressed against the plastic sheet. Once you see a single root appearing, do you
harvest the marcot? Actually, you could, but the chances of the seedling of surviving once potted may not be as great as when it has
developed more roots.

How to Determine a Failed Air Layer?

If there are no developing roots after a long wait (typically 4 to 6 weeks) then the air layering most likely failed. But one obvious
telltale sign of a failed air layer is a wilting branch. You will notice the leaves drooping at first and then the stem turning brown. Eventually,
the stem and leaves start to die.
The air layer ball also looks dry on the outside. The potting medium inside appears to be loose and isn't firm when slightly squeezed.

How to Harvest the Air Layered or Marcotted Branch?

1. Without removing yet the plastic sheet, cut the branch BELOW the marcot ball with a pair of pruning shears. Be sure to first inspect
the branch and that you are indeed cutting below the marcot ball. If the plant has thick foliage or there are multiple marcots, you
might accidentally lose your orientation and cut above the marcot ball which may become fatal for the air layer.
2. Carefully untwist and release the tie wires that seal the marcot ball, by turning the tie wire ends counter-clockwise.
3. Slowly and gently peel away the plastic sheet that wraps the marcot ball. Avoid tugging or pulling the young roots in the process.
4. Cut off the excess branch, if any, that extends beyond the bottom of the marcot ball. At this point, the temptation is too great to pry
open the coconut husk and inspect more roots inside. This is NOT necessary, and you would risk damaging the tender roots. The
marcotted seedling is ready for planting and the roots will continue to grow in the new potting medium.

How to Pot an Air Layered or Marcotted Seedling?

1. Prepare the seedling bag containing your new potting medium. I use a mix of coco dust and compost. Poke a hole in the middle of the
potting medium with your finger as shown below. The hole should be deep and wide enough to contain the marcot ball of the air-
layered seedling.
2. Carefully insert the marcot ball of the air-layered seedling into the hole. The top of the marcot ball should not be visible on the surface
of the new potting medium. If the hole is not deep enough, pull out the marcotted seedling and make a deeper hole with your finger.
3. Do NOT force down the marcot ball into the hole.
4. Gently tamp on the potting medium soil that surrounds the marcot ball as shown below. Avoid pressing down on the marcot ball.
5. Pour a little water on the potting medium soil. The soil will then sink and settle. If the soil is still loose, tamp on the potting medium
again to keep it firm.
6. Place the air layered seedlings in a portion of the garden that is a partly shaded by nearby plants. Avoid placing the air layered
seedlings where there is strong sunlight and strong winds.
7. After a week, carefully place the air layered seedlings in the garden where they could gradually receive more sunlight.

BUDDING

The process by which a scion is inserted into the rootstock to unite and grow as one. It is done by choosing and cutting a bud from one plant
and attaching it to another plant. The bud must fit well to the mother plant. When the bud grows big enough it will become part of the plant.

Why do Budding?
Benefits of Budding
1. The tree produces good fruit
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2. The tree fruits sooner

3. You don't need to wait for other seasons and methods
4. To be able to produce good trees in your own time
5. To use time efficiently
6. To save having to buy fruit seedlings
7. To increase farm production;
8. To develop new skills
9. To increase production from less land

When to do Budding?
Budding should be done in the early summer when new shoots are sprouting and sap is rising the most.

How to do Budding?
1. Select bud wood for budding.
The first thing to do in budding is to select good buds from the tree you want to propagate. If this is far away then the whole branch
containing the bud should be cut and brought. Don't bring a branch which doesn't have good buds on it. Good buds can come from the current
year's growth, or from last year's wood.
2. Cut the selected bud.
Make a cut through the bark to the wood about half an inch above the selected bud. Taking care not to damage the bud, cut from half an
inch below the bud, upwards to the first cut as shown in the picture.
Carefully separate any wood that has been cut from the bark and bud Now the bud is ready. Put the bud in a bowl of water, so it can be
carried without drying out.
3. Prepare the bud.
4. Prepare the rootstock
A compatible local, wild variety of seedling is called a rootstock. The rootstock shouldn't have any disease or wounds. The rootstock
should be prepared before the bud is cut, to save time. The rootstock seedling should be well watered and mulched the day before it is to be
budded.
5. Join the bud to the rootstock.
To graft the bud from the improved tree, use your knife to prise open the T-shaped wound, and slowly insert the budwood downwards into
the opening. The budwood should fit exactly into the inside of the T. If there is a small piece of the budwood left sticking out above the
horizontal cut in the rootstock, this should be cut off.
6. Bind the bud

Maintenance: How to maintain a budded seedling?

Two weeks after the budding is done, gently pull at the leaf stems on the bud. If the leaf comes away easily from the base, even by just
touching it, the budding has been successful. If the leaf does not come away even with a stronger tug, and slowly dries up, then the budding has
probably failed.

MODULE 4
Topic: Desired Learning Outcomes:

 Agricultural Arts: Animal production and methods of  Identify common poultry and livestock farm tools
animal raising  Identify fish processing activities
Duration: 3 hrs

INTRODUCTION
The field of early childhood special education has grown out of several different fields including early childhood education, elementary
special education, medicine and psychology.
ABSTRACTION

This module is discussing about people who had great influence in the history of special education, laws and legislation, and brief history
of special education in the Philippines.

ANALYSIS

ANIMAL PRODUCTION
A. Select and use farm tools

COMMON POULTRY AND LIVESTOCK FARM TOOLS

I. INTRODUCTION
Farmers know the tools and equipment in the farm and how to use them properly. Before you perform some farm activities,
determine the areas of concern for safety. This lesson will help you to identify various tasks on the farm, determine the places for
application of safety measure, determine the appropriate time for employing safety measures and identify appropriate tools and
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equipment in animal production.

II. GARDEN TOOLS
Every small farm needs a flat spade and a pointed spade for digging. A good digging fork is a multipurpose tool, used for
breaking up and turning soil in the garden, harvesting, and for manure cleanup around the barn.
III. ELECTRIC TOOLS
There are dozens of electric power tools available at hardware and home stores, but there are two must-haves for any type of
around-the-farm construction project:
1. a circular saw; and
2. a drill/driver (preferably the rechargeable battery-operated type).
IV. HAND TOOLS
Every farm needs a variety of hand tools. Companies like Sears (with its line of Craftsman tools) and Snap-On (available at
many auto parts stores) make hand tools that will last for generations, and that come with a lifetime warranty to prove it.
V. FENCING TOOLS
Farms and fences go hand-in-hand. Plan on purchasing fence-post driver. A driver is a heavy iron tube that goes over the top
of a T-post, and that has handles on the side. You use it to pound the post into the ground. A pair of fence pliers is a great, and
fairly inexpensive, specialty tool to have. We are fans of electric fences—they are economical, efficient and safe—but when you
have an electric fence, you need a fence tester.
VI. MISCELLANEOUS
1. We always carry pocketknives when out working, and a ―Leatherman‖type is a handy all-in-one tool.
2. Heavy-duty flashlights are a must when the lights go out during a heavy storm, or when you need to tend to a livestock
emergency in the pasture at 2 am.
3. Garden hoses are a must, but when buying, purchase the longest and strongest available (fall is a great time to find really
good buys on garden hoses).
4. The last miscellaneous tool on the list is a digging bar. It is for digging large rocks out of the garden, construction sites, or
fence holes.

B. Select and operate farm equipment

EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES IN POULTRY PRODUCTION

1. Dropping board
2. Perches
3. Nest
4. Feeding troughs
5. Drinking troughs
6. Feed bins
7. Incubator
8. Brooder

EQUIPMENT IN SWINE PRODUCTION

1. Breeding crate
2. Farrowing crate or stall
3. Heat lamps and brooders
4. Water system
5. Shipping crate
6. Castration rack
7. Feed cart
8. Self-feeders
9. Waterers
10. Livestock trailer
11. Pickup truck

C. Perform preventive maintenance

Safety practices during operations of farm tools

Farming activities are exposed to a lot of hazards, before you try to perform some activities on the farm. Determine the areas of concern
for safety. This lesson will help you to identify various work tasks in the farm; determine the places for application of safety measures;
determine the appropriate time for employing safety measures and identifying appropriate tools and equipment in animal production.

Safety -is the state of being "safe" (from French sauf), the condition of being protected against physical, social, spiritual, financial,
political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types or consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any
other event which could be considered non-desirable. Safety can also be defined to be the control of recognized hazards to achieve an
acceptable level of risk. This can take the form of being protected from the event or from exposure to something that causes health or
economical losses. It can include protection of people or of possessions.

1. Safety glasses
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2. Protection for the ears

3. Knowing the right tools for the job

4. Correct method of using tools

5. The right clothes

6. Tool inspection

7. Cleanliness in the work area

8. Care with particular tools

9. Keep tools in place

10. Lighting

FISH PROCESSING
Fish Processing Activities

1. Receiving. This activity includes sorting and grading of raw materials according to size, species, and quality. It also includes segregating
suitable from unsuitable ones.

2. Preparation. This includes the preparatory steps such as washing, eviscerating, cutting, brining, and pre-cooking the fish by steaming,
blanching, or broiling.

3. Processing/sterilizing. This activity involves the final processing and complete sterilization of the processed finished product.

4. Storing. Storage room is provided for storing finished product such as canned/ bottled fish, smoked fish, salted fish, pickled fish and
other processed fishery products. Proper storage will also extend the shelf life of the product.

5. Packaging. This processing activity involves the wrapping or enclosing food and fish products in bottles or in cans for the purpose of
protecting and preserving the finished products.

6. Labeling. The purpose of this activity is to give the correct information about the product.

ASSESSMENT: (Offline and Online)

A. Provide at least 3 common issues in your community that affects in plant production and address each issue.

B. Provide at least 3 common issues in your community that affects in animal raising and address each issue.

REFERENCES:

http://www.depedbataan.com/resources/9/k_to_12_animal_production_learning_module.pdf
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Name: Course/Year/Group No.:

Date: Mobile Number:

Preliminary Performance-Based Task

(M17-TLE 2 with Entrepreneurship)

Marcotting Video Presentation

Video Clip Presentation Guidelines:

 Video must be cleared.
 Video must not exceed in 3 minutes.
 Demonstration is not required.
 Attached rubrics must be observed.
 Submit your video together with the rubrics to the chosen point person (Rey Galarpe for G-1 and Jece
Joy Duropan for G-2).
 Deadline will be on February 19, 2021.
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