THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

1. In the Fig. 11.19 find the temperature of common of water = 4186 J kg −1 k −1, latent heat of fusion of ice =
junction (𝑇0) of the two bars of iron and brass having the 3.35 x 105 J kg-1 and latent heat of steam = 2.256 x 106
same length and same area of cross-section, in the steady Jkg −1
state. Also given : K IRON = 79 WM −1 K −1
13. What is the temperature of the steel-copper junction in
−1 −1
K BRASS = 109 W M K the steady state of the system shown in Fig 11.15? The area
of cross-section of steel rod is twice that of the copper rod.
Given that 𝑘𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 = 50.2 Js−1 m−1 k −1 , 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 = 385
J s−1 m−1 k −1 ,

2. The window panes of a room have an area of 4.8 m2 and

of 4 mm thickness. At what rate does the HEAT energy flow
through the window if the temerature inside the room is 25
°C and that outside is 10° C. Given thermal conductivity of 14. Briefly explain the formation of trade winds.
glass is 0.75 W M −1 K −1
15. Explain the following:
3. Three rods of same material, same length and having
(i) Hot tea cools rapidly when poured into the saucer from
same cross-section have been joined as shown in Fig. 11.20.
the cup.
Determine the temperature of junction point D of the three
rods. (ii) Temperature of a hot liquid falls rapidly in the beginning
but slowly afterwards.
4. A box having total surface area 0.05 m2 and of 6 mm
thick side walls is filled with melting ice and kept in a room. (iii) A hot liquid cools faster if outer surface of the container
Calculate the thermal conductivity of the box material if 0.5 is blackened.
kg of ice melts in 1 hour. Given that room temperature is 40 16. Draw labelled curves which show how the energy in the
°C and latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.33 x 105 J kg −1 . black body radiation spectrum varies with wavelength at
5. Discuss briefly energy distribution of black body various temperatures. What results does it lead to ?
radiation. Hence deduce Wien's displacement law and 17. The sun is a black body of surface temperature about
Stefan's law. 6000 K. If the sun's radius is 7 x 108 m, calculate the energy
6. What is a black body ? Draw the curves showing the per second radiated from its surface. Given that Stefan's
energy distribution among black body radiations at constant σ = 5.67 x 108 W M −2 K −4 W
different temperatures. Hence define Wien's displacement 18. Draw graph showing energy emitted versus wavelength
law. Give one application of Wien's displacement law. for a black body at different temperatures. Hence state
7.(a) Explain the terms 'specific heat' and 'heat capacity'. Wien's displacement law.

(b)state newton’s law of cooling .Define mathematical 19. The temperature of a metal ball is raised. Which of the
expression for it. following will undergo the largest percentage increase and
which one the least ?
8. Show that the coefficient of volume expansion for a solid
substance is three times its coefficient of Linear expansion. Mass, radius, surface area, circumference, volume
20. Iron rims are heated red hot before putting them on the
9. A metallic ball has a radius of 9.0 cm at 0 °C. Calculate
wooden wheel of a cart. Why?
the change in its volume when it is heated te 90 °C. Given
that coefficient of linear expansion of metal of ball is 1.2 x 21.What is invar? What is its speciality and what is its use ?
10−5 K −1 . 22. Two identical rectangular strips of copper and steel,
10. Briefly explain, what do you mean by the terms thermal respectively are riveted together to form a bimetallic strip.
strain and thermal stress ? Write expressions for them. What will happen on (i) heating, (ii) cooling the bimetallic
strip ?
11. What is calorimetry ? Briefly explain its principle.
23. An iron sphere has a diameter 0.2 m at 0 °C. Calculate
12. Calculate the heat required to convert 0.6 kg of ice at -
the change in volume of the sphere when it is heated to
20 °C kept in a calorimeter of negligible heat capacity to
200 °C. Given coefficient of linear expansion of iron = 1.1 x
steam at 100 °C at atmospheric pressure. Given specific
10−5 °C −1
heat capacity of ice = 2100 kg −1 k −1, specific heat capacity
24. Briefly explain anomalous expansion of water with coloured clothes in winter. Why ?
temperature. 44. The bottoms of the cooking utensils are blackened but
25. During extreme winters a lake is frozen but fish and their top surfaces are kept polished smooth Why?
other aqua animals live safely below the frozen ice. How ? 45. The inside of a glass window 4 mm thick and 1 m2 in
26. Water is a very efficient coolant. Why? area is at a temperature of 15 °C and the temperature
outside is 45 °C. find out the rate at which heat is entering
27.Define regelation phenomenon. Mention any one
the room through the window glass.Thermal conductivity of
application of it.
glass is 0.8 W m−1 k −1
28. How does pressure cooker help in better and faster
46. A copper sheet of cross-section area 10−2 m2 and
cooking ?
thickness 2 cm allows 1.2 x 106 J of heat energy to pass
29. What do you mean by the term 'latent heat'? What are through it in 1 minute, when the temperature difference of
three types of latent heat ? 100 °C is maintained between the opposite faces.
30. Draw a graph showing temperature versus heat energy Determine the thermal conductivity of copper.
for water showing freezing as well as boiling process. 47. Is it correct to call heat as "the energy in transit" ?
31. In a container of negligible thermal capacity 40 g of 48. State whether the following characteristics of a metal
steam at 100 °C is added to 200 g of water at a temperature washer increase or decrease or remain the same when the
40 °C. If no heat is lost in the process, find the final washer is heated :
temperature of the system. Also find masses of water and
(a)internal diameter, (b) external diameter, (c) surface area,
steam in the final equilibrium state. Given that specific heat
(d) volume, (e) mass, and (f)
of water is 4200 J/kg-K and latent heat of steam = 2.26 x
106 J/kg. density
32. A copper block of mass 2.5 kg is heated in a furnace to a 49. How does density of a solid change as it is heated ?
temperature of 500 °C and then placed on a large ice block. 50. How does the thermal energy from Sun reach the
What is the maximum amount of ice that can melt? Given Earth?
that specific heat of copper =0.39 Jg −1 °C −1 and latent heat
of fusion of water = 335J/g. 51. Ice is packed in gunny bags or saw dust. Why?
52. Why is a newly prepared quilt warmer than a used one
33. Obtain a definition for thermal conductivity of a metallic
solid. What is its SL unit ? ?

34. In winter, the metallic handle of a door appears colder 53. Cloudy nights appears to be warmer. Why?
than the wooden door, although their temperature is same. 54. Define reflective power of a body.
Why?
35. Why does a metal bar appear hotter than a wooden bar
at the same temperature ? Equivalently it also appears
colder than wooden bar if they are both colder than room
temperature.
36. In polar regions Eskimos make double walled houses of
blocks of ice. Why?
37. Briefly explain the natural convection cycle.
38. What is forced convection ? Give few examples of
forced convection.
39. What do you mean by sea breeze and land breeze ?
40. How is monsoon formed in Indian subcontinent ?
41. Why are ventilators provided in a room?
42. What do you mean by 'absorptive power' and 'reflecting
power' of a surface? What are their units ? How are the two
related to ?
43. We wear light coloured clothes in summer but dark