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    INFORMATION

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    Jan Kat
    Fluorine is a pale yellow gas that is commonly shipped as a cryogenic liquid. It is toxic and corrosive, reacting with water to form hydrofluoric acid and oxygen. It is the 13th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Fluorine and its compounds have several important uses, including in semiconductor manufacturing, refrigerants, toothpaste, and nuclear material production, but it is also hazardous to humans and the environment in its pure form or at high concentrations.

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    INFORMATION

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    Jan Kat
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    Fluorine is a pale yellow gas that is commonly shipped as a cryogenic liquid. It is toxic and corrosive, reacting with water to form hydrofluoric acid and oxygen. It is the 13th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Fluorine and its compounds have several important uses, including in semiconductor manufacturing, refrigerants, toothpaste, and nuclear material production, but it is also hazardous to humans and the environment in its pure form or at high concentrations.

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    Fluorine is a pale yellow gas that is commonly shipped as a cryogenic liquid. It is toxic and corrosive, reacting with water to form hydrofluoric acid and oxygen. It is the 13th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Fluorine and its compounds have several important uses, including in semiconductor manufacturing, refrigerants, toothpaste, and nuclear material production, but it is also hazardous to humans and the environment in its pure form or at high concentrations.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    9 views4 pages

    INFORMATION

    Uploaded by

    Jan Kat
    Fluorine is a pale yellow gas that is commonly shipped as a cryogenic liquid. It is toxic and corrosive, reacting with water to form hydrofluoric acid and oxygen. It is the 13th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Fluorine and its compounds have several important uses, including in semiconductor manufacturing, refrigerants, toothpaste, and nuclear material production, but it is also hazardous to humans and the environment in its pure form or at high concentrations.

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    INFORMATION

    Atomic symbol (on the periodic table of elements): F

    Periodic table group: 17 or 7A, the Halogens

    Atomic number: 9

    Atomic weight (average mass of the atom): 18.998 u

    Number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in a neutral atom consecutively: 9, 9,


    10

    Density: 0.001553

    Phase at room temperature: Gas

    Flame color: blue-green

    Vapor color: pale yellow

    Melting point: −219.67°C,

    Boiling point: -188.11°C

    Heat of fusion: 14 kJ/mol

    Heat of vaporization: 3.2698 kJ/mol.​

    Specific heat capacity: 0.82 J/g K

    Electron configuration: 1s22s22p5

    Quantum numbers:

    Number of isotopes (atoms of the same element with a different number of


    neutrons): 18

    Most common isotopes: F-18 and F-19.

    HISTORY

    Fluorite, the primary mineral source of fluorine which gave the element its name, was first
    described in 1529; as it was added to metal ores to lower their melting points for smelting,
    the Latin verb fluomeaning 'flow' gave the mineral its name. Proposed as an element in 1810,
    fluorine proved difficult and dangerous to separate from its compounds, and several early
    experimenters died or sustained injuries from their attempts. Only in 1886 did French
    chemist Henri Moissan isolate elemental fluorine using low-temperature electrolysis, a
    process still employed for modern production. Industrial production of fluorine gas for
    uranium enrichment, its largest application, began during the Manhattan Project in World War
    II.

    DESCRIPTION

    Fluorine is a pale yellow gas with a pungent odor. It is commonly shipped as a cryogenic liquid. It is
    toxic by inhalation and skin absorption. Contact with skin in lower than lethal concentrations
    causes chemical burns. It reacts with water to form hydrofluoric acid and oxygen. It is corrosive to
    most common materials. It reacts with most combustible materials to the point that ignition occurs.
    Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may violently rupture and rocket.
    Fluorine occurs naturally in the crust of the earth where it is present in rocks, coal, and clay. Through
    wind-blown soil, fluorides are released into the air. Fluorine is the 13th most abundant element in the
    crust of the Earth: The Earth’s crust contains 950 parts per million of fluorine.

    USE

    Molecular fluorine and Atomic fluorine are used in semiconductor manufacturing


    for plasma etching, MEMs fabrication, and flat panel display production.
    Chlorofluorocarbons are used extensively used in air conditioners and refrigerators.
    Fluorides are also added to toothpaste to prevent dental cavities.
    The metal could be used to map the circulatory system and any disorders.
    Proposedly could be used in the optoelectric nuclear batteries.

    SAFETY MEASURES

    • Wear Lab equipment(goggles, mask, lab coat, and gloves).

    Store and use only in vented gas storage cabinets or fume hoods.

    • Prevent Skin Contact.

    • Prevent Eye contact.

    • Remove contaminated clothes if it has contact with skin.

    • If inhaled, move affected person into fresh air and administer a nebulized solution
    of 2.5% calcium gluconate.
    BENEFITS

    Fluorine is critical for the production of nuclear material for nuclear power plants and for the
    insulation of electric towers. Hydrogen fluoride, a compound of fluorine, is used to etch glass.
    Fluorine, like Teflon, is used to make plastics and is also important in dental health.

    HARMFUL EFFECTS TO HUMANS

    Fluorine gas is a powerful irritant towards the eyes, skin and lungs. This substance is very
    toxic. In low concentrations’ fluorine gas affects the eyes and nose. It gets difficult to breathe
    at higher concentrations. Exposure to high fluorine concentrations can lead to death from
    lung damage.

    HARMFUL EFFECTS TO NATURE

    Concentrated hydrogen fluoride is very corrosive and would badly burn any plants, birds or
    land animals exposed to it. The concentrations of hydrogen fluoride found in close proximity
    to sources may adversely affect some species of plants.

    PLANETARY MODEL

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