Exercise 7E  1 3 

− − 0
 2 2 
 −1 0 0   3 
  1
4 a  − 0
1 a  0 1 0  2 2 
 0 0 1
   0 0 1
 
1 0 0  
 
b  0 −1 0   1 3   −3 + 3 
0 0 1 − − 0  
   2 2  3   2 
 −1 0 0   3 1     3 3 +1 
  b  − 0   −1 = 
c 0 1 0  2 2  0   2 
   0 0 1   0 
 0 0 −1    
 0 −1 0     
  So coordinates of Q′ are
d 1 0 0
0 0 1  −3 + 3 3 3 + 1 
   , , 0 
 2 2 
 0 0 −1
   1 3   −k 
e 0 1 0  − − 0  
1 0 0   2 2  k   2 
 
 3 1     3k 
  c  − 0 0 =  
1 0 0   2 2  k   2 
   0 0 1   k 
 1 3    
f
0 2 2     
 
 3 1  So coordinates of R′ are
0 − 
 2 2   − k 3k 
 , , k 
 2 2 
2 a Reflection in the plane z = 0
b Rotation anticlockwise 90° about y-axis  −1 0 0  1 0 0
c Rotation anticlockwise 135° about z-axis    
5 a= A  0 1 0 = , B  0 −1 0 
 0 0 1 0 0 1
3 a Rotation anticlockwise 90° about x-axis    
 1 0 0  3   3   −1 0 0  a   −a 
         
b  0 0 −1 −1 = −4  b  0 1 0  b  =  b 
 0 1 0  4   −1   0 0 1  c   c 
         
So coordinates of A′ are (3, -4, -1) So coordinates of P′ are (-a, b, c)

 1 0 0  a   a   1 0 0  −a   −a 
         
c  0 0 −1 −a  = a − 5  c  0 −1 0  b  =
 −b 
 0 1 0  2a − 1  −a   0 0 1  c   c 
         
So coordinates of P′′ are (−a, − b, c)
 a   a 
   
⇒  1 − 2a  =  a − 5 
 −a   −a 
   
⇒ 1 − 2a = a − 5 ⇒ 3a = 6 ⇒ a = 2

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  cos 210 0 sin 210   1 1 
   0 −
6 a Since M =  0 1 0  and  2 2   1   2 
b     
 − sin 210 0 cos 210  0 1 0  0  =  0 
   1 1   −1  0 
 cos θ 0 sin θ   0 
   2 2 
 0 1 0  represents an
 − sin θ 0 cos θ   1 1 
   0 − 
 2 2  1   2 
anti-clockwise rotation about the y -axis,    
 0 1 0  1  =  1 
M represents an anti-clockwise roation of 
 1 1   −1  0 
210 about the y -axis. 0 
 2 2 
 3 1   k 3
− 0 −  −   1 1 
2  k  0 −
 2    2  
2

2  3  0 
b  0 1 0   −k  =  −k      
      0 1 0  2 =  2 
 1 3  0   k  
 0 −   2   1 1   3   3 2 
 2 2    0 
 2 2 
 k 3 k
So coordinates of M ′ are  − , −k ,  .  1 1 
0 −
 2 2 
 2

2 0 0
   
 0 1 0 0 = 0
 1 1   1 1   0   0 
 0 −   0
2 2 
  2 2 
7 a  0 1 0  So coordinates of T ′ are
 1 1 


 2
0 
2 
( 2, 0, 0) , ( 2,1, 0)
( 0, 2,3 2 ) , (0, 0, 0)
c Volume of a tetrahedron:
1
= × base area × height
3
To find the volume of T ′:
Area of base on plane z
1 1
=0 = × 2 × 1= 2
2 2
So volume of T ′
1 1
=× 2 ×3 2 = 1
3 2
So volume of T =1as the
determinant of the
transformation matrix =1.

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Challenge
 1 0 0  −1 0 0   −1 0 0 
    
a  0 −1 0  0 1 0  =
 0 −1 0 
 0 0 1  0 0 1   0 0 1 
    

b
   
1 0 0   −1 0 0 
 −1 0 0     
  1 1   1 1 
 0 1 00 2
−= 
2
0
2
− 
2
 0 0 1 
  1 1   1 1 
0  0 
 2 2   2 2 

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