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1 Communication

This document discusses communication, including what it is, the process of communication, types of communication, levels of communication, barriers to communication, and tools for effective communication. Communication is the exchange of information between individuals through different mediums. There are various types of communication including verbal (oral and written) and non-verbal communication. Communication occurs at different levels from intrapersonal to interpersonal to group communication. Barriers to effective communication include physical, perceptual, emotional, cultural, linguistic and gender-based barriers. Tools to improve communication involve being brief, using manners, staying positive, listening well, speaking clearly and properly pronouncing words.

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Karen Miranda
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23 views

1 Communication

This document discusses communication, including what it is, the process of communication, types of communication, levels of communication, barriers to communication, and tools for effective communication. Communication is the exchange of information between individuals through different mediums. There are various types of communication including verbal (oral and written) and non-verbal communication. Communication occurs at different levels from intrapersonal to interpersonal to group communication. Barriers to effective communication include physical, perceptual, emotional, cultural, linguistic and gender-based barriers. Tools to improve communication involve being brief, using manners, staying positive, listening well, speaking clearly and properly pronouncing words.

Uploaded by

Karen Miranda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Communication

Contents
• What is Communication
• Process of Communication
• Types of Communication
• Levels of Communication
• Communication Barriers
• Tools of Effective Communication
If you had only 24 hours to live,
what would you do?
If a classmate asked you for the
answer to a question during an
exam while the teacher was not
looking, what would you do?
If someone's underwear was
showing, would you tell them?
If the whole world were listening,
what would you say?
If you bumped your car into
another car, but nobody saw you
do it, would you leave your name
and address?
We spend every day engaging in different
types of communication—we talk to
ourselves, with another person, with small
groups, and at some point, even with the
public.
● Communication is a crucial activity to be more
successful. In our social lives, we build and
maintain relationships through communication.
● The difference in our communication skills can
determine the success and failure of our
relationships with other people.
● Even in the academic and professional or business
world, people prefer dealing with people who have
excellent communication skills.
“In study after study, communication skills emerge
as one of the most important, if not the most
important quality that employers require of
graduates. Possessing good communication
skills is often seen by employers as an indicator
of potential success (Harvey, 1999).”
Communication is
a process of exchanging information,
ideas, thoughts, feelings,
emotions through speech, signals,
writing, behavior.
Types of Communication
People communicate with each other in a
number of ways that depend upon the
message and its context in which it is being
sent.

1. Verbal Communication
2. Non-Verbal Communication
Verbal Communication
▪ It refers to the form of communication in which
message is transmitted verbally.
▪ Communication is done by word of mouth and a piece
of writing.
▪ In verbal communication remember the acronym
“KISS” (keep it short and simple).
Verbal Communication
is divided into:

● Oral Communication
● Written Communication
Oral Communication

● In oral communication, spoken words are used.


● It includes face-to-face conversations,
speech, telephonic conversation, video,
radio, television, voice over, internet.
Oral Communication

❑ Advantages
1. It brings quick feedback.
2. In a face-to-face conversation, by
reading facial expression and body
language one can guess whether
he/she should trust what’s being
said or not.
Oral Communication

❑ Disadvantages
1. It requires attentiveness and
great receptivity on part of the
receivers/audience.
Written Communication
● In written communication, written signs or symbols are
used to communicate.

● In written communication message can be transmitted


via email, letter, report, memo, etc.

● Written Communication is most common form of


communication being used in business.
❑ Advantages
1. Messages can be edited and
revised
2. Written communication provide
record and backup.
A written message enables
receiver to fully understand it
and send appropriate feedback.
❑ Disadvantages
1. Written communication does
not bring instant feedback. It
take more time in composing a
written message as compared
to word-of-mouth and number
of people struggles for writing
ability.
Non-verbal Communication

• Non-verbal communication is the sending or


receiving of wordless messages. Such as gesture,
body language, posture, tone of voice or facial
expressions, is called nonverbal communication.

• Non-verbal communication is all about


the body language of speaker.
Levels of Communication
1. Intrapersonal Communication
2. Interpersonal Communication
3. Small-group communication
4. One-to-group communication
5. Mass Communication
Intrapersonal Communication

● It is a communication that occurs


in your own mind. It is the basis of
your feelings, biases, prejudices,
and beliefs.
Example/s

Examples are when you make any


kind of decision – what to eat or
wear. When you think about
something – what you want to do
on the weekend or when you think
about another person.
Interpersonal Communication

● It is the communication between


two people but can involve more
in informal conversations.
Example/s
Examples are when you are talking to
your friends. A teacher and student
discussing an assignment. A patient
and a doctor discussing a treatment.
A manager and a potential employee
during an interview.
Small Group Communication

● It is communication within
formal or informal groups or
teams.
● It is group interaction that results
in decision making, problem
solving and discussion within
an organization.
Example/s

● Examples would be a group


planning a surprise birthday
party for someone.
● A team working together on
a project.
One-to-group Communication

● It involves a speaker
who seeks to
inform, persuade or
motivate an
audience.
One-to-group Communication

● Examples are a teacher


and a class of students.
● A preacher and a
congregation.
● A speaker and an
assembly of people in the
auditorium.
Mass Communication

● It is the electronic or print


transmission of messages
to the general public.
● Outlets called mass media
include things like radio,
television, film, and printed
materials designed to reach
large audiences.
Example/s

● A television commercial. A
magazine article.
● Hearing a song on the radio.
● Books, Newspapers, Billboards.

The key is that you are reaching a


large amount of people without it
being face to face. Feedback is
generally delayed with mass
communication.
Barriers of Communication
1. Physical barriers

Research shows that


proximity is important for
building cohesive teams, yet
workplaces often stifle this
with a range of physical
communication barriers.
● These communication barriers 2. Perceptual
exist in people’s minds based on barriers
how they perceive the world
around them.
● They can be caused by the many
cognitive biases of the human
mind that prevent us from
perceiving people and situations
accurately.
3. Emotional barriers

● Emotional communication
barriers are the negative
feelings we acquire about
certain people, places and
situations. Whether caused by
bad experiences or the
influence of others, they evoke
emotions such as fear and
mistrust that prevent effective
interaction.
4. Cultural barriers
● Cultural communication barriers
arise if you do not
understand the group’s
required behaviour patterns,
which increases the risk of
doing something its members
frown upon.
5. Language barriers

● Language causes
communication barriers if you
use words that other people are
unfamiliar with.
● Gender barriers to communication 6. Gender barriers
often arise when someone has an
oversimplified or stereotypical
idea of how a gender behaves.

● This can cause them to act in a


way that impedes open, honest
and appropriate communication
with others.
How to Overcome Barriers of
• Taking the receiver more seriously
• Crystal clear message
• Delivering messages skilfully
• Focusing on the receiver
• Using multiple channels to communicate instead of
relying on one channel
• Ensuring appropriate feedback
• Be aware of your own state of mind/emotions/attitude
Tools of effective
• Be Brief
• Manners
• Be Positive
• Good listener
• Clarity
• Pronunciation
Thank you!

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