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    EIM 1205 Lecture 1

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    Toxic Theatres
    This document introduces the seven SI base units - kilogram, second, kelvin, ampere, mole, candela, and meter. It discusses derived units like velocity and acceleration. Key concepts covered include charge, force, work, power, Ohm's law, basic electrical measuring instruments, and examples calculations involving these concepts.

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    EIM 1205 Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    Toxic Theatres
    11 views11 pages
    This document introduces the seven SI base units - kilogram, second, kelvin, ampere, mole, candela, and meter. It discusses derived units like velocity and acceleration. Key concepts covered include charge, force, work, power, Ohm's law, basic electrical measuring instruments, and examples calculations involving these concepts.

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    This document introduces the seven SI base units - kilogram, second, kelvin, ampere, mole, candela, and meter. It discusses derived units like velocity and acceleration. Key concepts covered include charge, force, work, power, Ohm's law, basic electrical measuring instruments, and examples calculations involving these concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views11 pages

    EIM 1205 Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    Toxic Theatres
    This document introduces the seven SI base units - kilogram, second, kelvin, ampere, mole, candela, and meter. It discusses derived units like velocity and acceleration. Key concepts covered include charge, force, work, power, Ohm's law, basic electrical measuring instruments, and examples calculations involving these concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    EIM 1205: Lecture 1

    Introduction
    SI Units
    • Symbols
    • The seven base units
    • The kilogram (kg), for mass
    • The second (s), for time
    • The kelvin (K), for temperature
    • The ampere (A), for electric current
    • The mole (mol), for the amount of a substance
    • The candela (cd), for luminous intensity
    • The meter (m), for distance
    • Derived units
    • Velocity
    • Acceleration
    Prefixes
    Types of Materials
    • Conductors
    • Semiconductors
    • insulators
    Charge (Q)
    • Unit of charge is the Coulomb (C) where 1C = 6.24 × 1018 electrons
    • The coulomb is the quantity of electricity that flows through a given
    point in a circuit when a current of 1Amp is maintained for one
    second.
    • Charge Q = It
    • Example
    If a current of 5A flows for 2 minutes, find the quantity of electricity
    transferred. (600C)
    Force
    • The unit is the Newton (N)
    • The Newton is the amount of force which when exerted on a mass of 1kg
    will result in an acceleration of 1𝑚𝑠 −2 in the direction of the force.
    • F = ma
    • Example
    A mass of 5000 g is accelerated at 2m/s2 by a force. Determine the force
    needed. (10N)
    • Example
    Find the force acting vertically downwards on a mass of 200 g attached to a
    wire. (1.962N)
    Work and Power
    • The unit of work is the Joule (J)
    • The Joule is the work done or energy transferred when a force of 1N
    is exerted through a distance of 1m in the direction of the force.
    • W = Fs, s is the distance
    • Energy is the capacity to do work
    • Power is the rate of doing work.
    • The unit of power is the watt (W).
    𝑊
    •𝑃= 𝑡
    Ctd
    • Example
    A portable machine requires a force of 200N to move it. How much
    work is done if the machine is moved 20m and what average power is
    utilized if the movement takes 25 s. (4kJ, 160W)
    • Example
    • A mass of 1000 kg is raised through a height of 10m in 20 s. What is
    (a) the work done and (b) the power developed. (98.1kJ, 4.905kW)
    Ohm’s Law
    • The current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two
    points.
    𝑉𝛼𝐼
    • The Volt is the amount of energy supplied per coulomb.
    • Current is the amount flow of electrons i.e the amount of charge per unit time measured in amps
    • A constant of proportionality will be the resistance in the material
    𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅
    • Conductance is the opposite of resistance,
    1
    𝐺 = 𝑅 siemens

    • Resistance is measured in ohms


    𝑉
    𝑅=
    𝐼
    Power P in a circuit is given by P = VI
    Examples
    • An e.m.f. of 250V is connected across a resistance and the current
    flowing through the resistance is 4A. What is the power developed
    and the conductance of the conductor. (1000W, 160mS)
    • A battery of e.m.f. 12V supplies a current of 5A for 2 minutes. How
    much energy is supplied in this time. (7.2kJ)
    • A d.c. electric motor consumes 36MJ when connected to a 250V
    supply for 1 hour. Find the power rating of the motor and the current
    taken from the supply. (10kW, 40A)
    • Determine the power dissipated by the element of an electric fire of
    resistance 20Ω when a current of 10A flows through it. If the fire is on
    for 6 hours determine the energy used and the cost if 1 unit of
    electricity costs 0.55ZW. (12kWh, ZW6.60)
    Basic Electrical Measuring Instruments
    • Voltmeter – connected in parallel to the
    measuring point and must have high
    resistance to ensure no current flows
    through it.
    • Ammeter – connected in series to the
    measuring point and must have low
    resistance to ensure maximum current
    flows.
    • Ohmmeter is used for measuring resistance.
    • A multimeter is a universal instrument used
    for measuring Volatage, current and
    resistance.

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