SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

Subject Code : EE601PC

Regulations : R18 - JNTUH
Class : III Year B.Tech EEE II Semester

Department of Electrical and Electronics and Engineering

BHARAT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Ibrahimpatnam - 501 510, Hyderabad
 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS (EE601PC)
COURSE PLANNER

I. COURSE OVERVIEW:
Signals and Systems encounter extensively in our day-to-day lives, from making a phone call, listening to a song,
editing photos, manipulating audio files, using speech recognition software’s like Siri and Google now, to taking
EEGs, ECGs and X-Ray images. Each of these involves gathering, storing, transmitting and processing information
from the physical world.

This course will equip to deal with these tasks efficiently by learning the basic mathematical framework of signals
and systems. Here we will explore the various properties of signals and systems, characterization of Linear Time
Invariant Systems/ Time variant systems, convolution and Fourier Series and Transform, and also deal with the
Sampling theorem, Z-Transform, Correlation and Laplace transform. Ideas introduced in this course will be useful in
understanding further Electronic/ Electrical Engineering courses which deal with control systems, communication
systems, digital signal processing, statistical signal analysis and digital message transmission. Further concepts such
as signal sampling and aliasing are introduced. The theory is exemplified with processing of signals in MATLAB.

II. PREREQUISITS:
1. Engineering Mathematics
2. Basics of Vector Theory

III. COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1. This gives the basics of Signals and Systems required for all Electrical Engineering related courses.

2. To understand the behavior of signal in time and frequency domain

3. To understand the characteristics of LTI systems

4. This gives concepts of Signals and Systems and its analysis using different transform techniques.

IV. COURSE OUTCOMES:

S.No. Description Bloom’s Taxonomy Level

1. Differentiate various signal functions. Remember, Understand

(Level1, Level2)
2. Represent any arbitrary signal in time and frequency domain. Apply, (Level 3)

3. Understand the characteristics of linear time invariant systems. Remember, Understand

(Level1, Level2)
4. Analyze the signals with different transform technique. Analyze (Level 4)

V. HOW PROGRAM OUTCOMES ARE ASSESSED:

Proficiency
Program Outcomes (PO) Level
assessed by
Engineering Knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science,
Assignments,
PO1 engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of 3
Exercises
complex engineering problems.
Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze
PO2 complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first 3 Assignments
principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
 Proficiency
Program Outcomes (PO) Level
assessed by
Design/ Development of Solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering
problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified
PO3 1 Assignments
needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the
cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
Conduct Investigations of Complex Problems: Use research-based knowledge
and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and
PO4 - -
interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid
conclusions.
Modern Tool Usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques,
resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and Assignments
PO5 1
modeling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the
limitations.
The Engineer and Society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual
PO6 knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the - -
consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
Environment and Sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
PO7 engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate - -
the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
PO8 - -
responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
Individual and Team Work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a Oral
PO9 2
member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings. Discussions
Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities
with the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to
PO10 -
comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make -
effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding
of the engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own
PO11 - -
work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in
multidisciplinary environments.
Life-Long Learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and
PO12 ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of 1 Assignments
technological change.
1: Slight (Low) 2: Moderate (Medium) 3: Substantial (High) - : None

VI. HOW PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES ARE ASSESSED:

Proficiency
Program Specific Outcomes Level
assessed by
Professional Skills: An ability to understand the basic concepts in Electronics
& Communication Engineering and to apply them to various areas, like
Lectures,
PSO 1 Electronics, Communications, Signal processing, VLSI, Embedded systems etc., 1
Assignments
in the design and implementation of complex systems.

Problem-Solving Skills: An ability to solve complex Electronics and

communication Engineering problems, using latest hardware and software tools,
PSO 2 3 Tutorials
along with analytical skills to arrive cost effective and appropriate solutions.
 Successful Career and Entrepreneurship: An understanding of social-
awareness & environmental-wisdom along with ethical responsibility to have a
PSO 3 successful career and to sustain passion and zeal for real-world applications - -
using optimal resources as an Entrepreneur.

1: Slight (Low) 2: Moderate (Medium) 3: Substantial (High) - : None

VII. SYLLABUS:

UNIT - I Signal Analysis: Analogy between Vectors and Signals, Orthogonal Signal Space, Signal approximation
using Orthogonal functions, Mean Square Error, Closed or complete set of Orthogonal functions, Orthogonality in
Complex functions, Classification of Signals and systems, Exponential and Sinusoidal signals, Concepts of Impulse
function, Unit Step function, Signum function.

UNIT – II Fourier series: Representation of Fourier series, Continuous time periodic signals, Properties of Fourier
Series, Dirichlet’s conditions, Trigonometric Fourier Series and Exponential Fourier Series, Complex Fourier
spectrum.
Fourier Transforms: Deriving Fourier Transform from Fourier series, Fourier Transform of arbitrary signal, Fourier
Transform of standard signals, Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals, Properties of Fourier Transform, Fourier
Transforms involving Impulse function and Signum function, Introduction to Hilbert Transform.

UNIT - III Signal Transmission through Linear Systems: Linear System, Impulse response, Response of a Linear
System, Linear Time Invariant(LTI) System, Linear Time Variant (LTV) System, Transfer function of a LTI
System, Filter characteristic of Linear System, Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal bandwidth,
System Bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF, and BPF characteristics, Causality and Paley-Wiener criterion for physical
realization, Relationship between Bandwidth and rise time, Convolution and Correlation of Signals, Concept of
convolution in Time domain and Frequency domain, Graphical representation of Convolution.

UNIT – IV Laplace Transforms: Laplace Transforms (L.T), Inverse Laplace Transform, Concept of Region of
Convergence (ROC) for Laplace Transforms, Properties of L.T, Relation between L.T and F.T of a signal, Laplace
Transform of certain signals using waveform synthesis.
Z–Transforms: Concept of Z- Transform of a Discrete Sequence, Distinction between Laplace, Fourier and Z
Transforms, Region of Convergence in Z-Transform, Constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Inverse Z-
transform, Properties of Z-transforms.

UNIT - V Sampling Theorem: Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited Signals, Impulse Sampling, Natural
and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples, Effect of under sampling – Aliasing, Introduction
to Band Pass Sampling.

Correlation: Cross Correlation and Auto Correlation of Functions, Properties of Correlation Functions, Energy
Density Spectrum, Parsevals Theorem, Power Density Spectrum, Relation between Autocorrelation Function and
Energy/Power Spectral Density Function, Relation between Convolution and Correlation, Detection of Periodic
Signals in the presence of Noise by Correlation, Extraction of Signal from Noise by Filtering.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi, 2013, BSP.
2. Signals and Systems - A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawabi, 2 Ed.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Signals and Systems – Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Wiley 2 Ed.,
2. Signals and Systems – A. Rama Krishna Rao, 2008, TMH
3. Fundamentals of Signals and Systems - Michel J. Robert, 2008, MGH International Edition.
4. Signals, Systems and Transforms -C.L.Philips, J.M.Parr and Eve A.Riskin,3Ed.,2004, PE.
5. Signals and Systems – K. Deergha Rao, Birkhauser, 2018.

NPTEL Web Course: https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108104100

 NPTEL Video Course: https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108104100

GATE SYLLABUS:
Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time
and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI)
Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and
cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems.

IES SYLLABUS:
Classification of signals and systems: System modeling in terms of differential and difference equations; State
variable representation; Fourier series; Fourier transforms and their application to system analysis; Laplace
transforms and their application to system analysis; Convolution and superposition integrals and their applications;
Z-transforms and their applications to the analysis and characterization of discrete time systems; Random signals
and probability, Correlation functions; Spectral density; Response of linear system to random inputs.

VIII. COURSE PLAN (WEEK-WISE):

Link for Small Teachin

Lect Course
Topics to be Projects/ g
ure Unit DATE Link for PPT Link for PDF Learning References
covered Numericals(if Method
No. Outcomes
any) ology

OBE DEMO
1 1
CLASS

UNIT - I:
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Introduction
om/file/d/1tw1efrmB com/file/d/1Z-
to signals Chalk
8SZH_x5cf5BLqDW p5nouHJz40sd15kz
2 1 Analogy NA Understand and T1
W- z3yGgEGIymvRW
between talk,PPT
0f1kx5Y/view?usp=s F/view?usp=sharin
Vectors and
haring g
Signals
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
om/file/d/12kX1ky2H com/file/d/1Ke5zpi Chalk
Orthogonal
3 1 Egf4oO0oIalKvMf_V 2VuBfNyj4bk6bwt NA Understand and T1
Signal Space
4Fiy288/view?usp=sh RnP9ACENZYf/vi talk,PPT
aring ew?usp=sharing
Signal
https://drive.google.
approximation https://drive.google.c
com/file/d/16Kx-
using om/file/d/1Ay5AQuD Chalk
4nv-
4 1 Orthogonal mU0zytP607vB6ww NA Understand and T1
mgwx4U_RcwoM-
functions, At8pcFdhY9/view?us talk,PPT
Z0_kMqUGrZ0/vie
Mean Square p=sharing
w?usp=sharing
Error
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Closed or
om/file/d/1MyJ_U5dr com/file/d/1cxMNc Chalk
complete set of
5 1 K93dqT_9NOKSGU slZZ5zwvYUb6J3 NA Understand and T1
Orthogonal
N3sfZHZvE_/view?u YLB9DejrlCe6P/vi talk,PPT
functions,
sp=sharing ew?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Orthogonality Chalk
om/file/d/1MyJ_U5dr com/file/d/1cxMNc
6 1 in Complex NA Understand and
K93dqT_9NOKSGU slZZ5zwvYUb6J3
functions talk,PPT
N3sfZHZvE_/view?u YLB9DejrlCe6P/vi
 sp=sharing ew?usp=sharing

https://ocw.mit.e
du/resources/res-
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
6-007-signals-
Classification om/file/d/1- com/file/d/1s95pfH Chalk
and-systems-
7 1 of Signals and OgdCK2y7Mt7Z18K li1qKYkqvIEhtwnc Understand and T1
spring-
systems K_pxtNCjfZKNOEB- jn4qel2Zoq/view?u talk,PPT
2011/assignment
/view?usp=sharing sp=sharing
s/MITRES_6_00
7S11_hw02.pdf
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Exponential om/file/d/1cW1Q8Me com/file/d/1k6yziu Chalk
8 1 and Sinusoidal 2VZ4KTJfGsMlS9ksr ZO60cq9TYFln90- NA Understand and T1
signals zLGJqOk7/view?usp UpLoGQFmaVe/vi talk,PPT
=sharing ew?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.
https://drive.google.c
com/file/d/106JwT
Concepts of om/file/d/1EPuqHiI_4 Chalk
VFP2etG76sZZHR
9 1 Impulse 8VqhPQIC5PRDDKJ Understand and
2AMr8MGM8N8U
function k0QdAswN/view?usp talk,PPT
n/view?usp=sharin
=sharing
g
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
om/file/d/1cAApfPfc com/file/d/1ou4UP Chalk
Unit Step
10 1 XJlqfzaNS5WCh7b7 kIjgIn1H63hqZHU NA Understand and T1
function
VK3aX4Wj/view?usp HKbGIzHO_WT_/ talk,PPT
=sharing view?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.
https://drive.google.c
com/file/d/106JwT
om/file/d/1EPuqHiI_4 Chalk
Signum VFP2etG76sZZHR
11 1 8VqhPQIC5PRDDKJ NA Understand and
function. 2AMr8MGM8N8U
k0QdAswN/view?usp talk,PPT
n/view?usp=sharin
=sharing
g
Chalk
MOCK TEST-
12 1 NA and T1
1
talk,PPT
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Introduction om/file/d/1svuD68J9z com/file/d/1I4gcLP Chalk
13 2 to CrNyiSPMbufird- 4qI1gohZoSQbUQ Understand and T1
Fourier series y2jHLv0z/view?usp= x42KougS1aXO/vi talk,PPT
sharing ew?usp=sharing
https://ocw.mit.e
https://drive.google.
du/resources/res-
Continuous https://drive.google.c com/file/d/1-
6-007-signals-
time om/file/d/1TBKzWy kt8CzmP6Vae0T3d Chalk
and-systems-
14 2 periodic VHLT4xcaMwtUfA- - Understand and T1
spring-
signals, n3bgnY5vOqZ/view? uTRgdk3wj6KM7 talk,PPT
2011/assignment
usp=sharing Gg/view?usp=shari
s/MITRES_6_00
ng
7S11_hw07.pdf
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
om/file/d/1tvr1HYmE com/file/d/12jIp9rIj Chalk
Properties of
15 2 HFO7KxFhAuWdpZ fkEjpASOlsH0SpP Understand and T1
Fourier Series,
hJQycWKaY9/view? VZU7JF1pt/view?u talk,PPT
usp=sharing sp=sharing
 Dirichlet’s
conditions,
Trigonometric https://drive.google.
https://drive.google.c
Fourier Series com/file/d/1Uo1f_5
om/file/d/15t81ra7N8 Chalk
and DNXrBDaM9WM
16 2 _s0WSmZOB7ylk2k8 Apply and T1
Exponential URelgWOV7UINK
SYl3WAz/view?usp= talk,PPT
Fourier Series, fI/view?usp=sharin
sharing
Complex g
Fourier
spectrum.
Tutorial on Chalk
17 2 Fourier and T1
Series-1 talk,PPT

Tutorial on Chalk
18 2 Fourier and
Series-2 talk,PPT
Fourier
Transforms:
https://drive.google.
Deriving https://drive.google.c
com/file/d/1banVu
Fourier om/file/d/1t781olUuT Chalk
StRIb_xJEtk-
19 2 Transform from npJcnwd_aILZJsH- Apply and T1
4jDD5YO7-
Fourier series, Ec_i9iI/view?usp=sha talk,PPT
D8hgno/view?usp=
Fourier ring
sharing
Transform of
arbitrary signal
Fourier
https://drive.google.
Transform of https://drive.google.c
com/file/d/1banVu
standard om/file/d/1t781olUuT Chalk
StRIb_xJEtk-
20 2 signals, Fourier npJcnwd_aILZJsH- Understand and T1
4jDD5YO7-
Transform of Ec_i9iI/view?usp=sha https://ocw.mit.e talk,PPT
D8hgno/view?usp=
Periodic ring du/resources/res-
sharing
Signals, 6-007-signals-
Properties of and-systems-
Fourier spring-
Transform, 2011/assignment
Fourier s/MITRES_6_00
Transforms https://drive.google.c https://drive.google. 7S11_hw09.pdf
involving om/file/d/1ZxuyxXuT com/file/d/1ULxz9 Chalk
21 2 Impulse 1jdpmxeJmQQHtYC gruEONqO6RPDU Apply and T1
function and A0nwlQeKx/view?us NPa0ag9RoDZTc8/ talk,PPT
Signum p=sharing view?usp=sharing
function,
Introduction to
Hilbert
Transform
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Fourier om/file/d/1tI7_RUIu com/file/d/1nN- Chalk
22 2 Transform AxFZDbOXKYMg3J OStP80yTklNS7y0 and
Tutorial-1 8ZRyc8Mfs1/view?us FXJIwZ0tzLuflN/vi talk,PPT
p=sharing ew?usp=sharing
 https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Fourier om/file/d/1tI7_RUIu com/file/d/1nN- Chalk
23 2 Transform AxFZDbOXKYMg3J OStP80yTklNS7y0 and T1
Tutorial-2 8ZRyc8Mfs1/view?us FXJIwZ0tzLuflN/vi talk,PPT
p=sharing ew?usp=sharing
Linear System,
Impulse https://drive.google.c
https://drive.google.
response, om/file/d/1CWOQka
com/file/d/12Fp9ix Chalk
Response of a PRN-
24 3 LudXRNKCVSW1 Apply and T1
Linear System, 8YaCJ7MDUtAXDd
zXNjLaCincyziF/vi talk,PPT
Linear Time RiGdrcJ3/view?usp=s https://ocw.mit.e
ew?usp=sharing
Invariant(LTI) haring du/resources/res-
System, 6-007-signals-
Signal and-systems-
Transmission spring-
through Linear 2011/assignment
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Systems: s/MITRES_6_00
om/file/d/1OKujjQTd com/file/d/1lnE08v Chalk
Linear Time 7S11_hw05.pdf
25 3 7eK94D_IEBIrthvSc2 W0LfTCCPaTcrZc Apply and T1
Variant (LTV)
VeKvV- OBwuPQfmOA9q/ talk,PPT
System,
/view?usp=sharing view?usp=sharing
Transfer
function of a
LTI System,
Filter
characteristic of
Linear System,
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Distortion less
om/file/d/1DQyBsJL com/file/d/1lU1NlB Chalk
transmission
26 3 NihwXoUfYTR4ao82 a4qNUkCBA1- Apply and T1
through a
6rhJltXEZ/view?usp= e7_alvGUiUkasoL/ talk,PPT
system, Signal
sharing view?usp=sharing
bandwidth,
System
Bandwidth,
Ideal LPF,
HPF, and BPF
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
characteristics,
om/file/d/1xoPgqIKzz com/file/d/1I1GfcE Chalk
Causality and
27 3 CuckVutXXOlB7cnY bnvpEYhPHdGG- NA Apply and T1
Paley- Wiener
1ZcNu9J/view?usp=s kCRvHGqKRDUH talk,PPT
criterion for
haring z/view?usp=sharing
physical
realization,
Relationship
between https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Bandwidth and om/file/d/19RHiOgL com/file/d/1W8KX Chalk
28 3 rise time, Gq9qsu4OUIb5F3T5 IgGiRGPI_wnRMc NA Apply and T1
Convolution YEXJh67oQ/view?us OGt6SHvjEAtUEf/ talk,PPT
and Correlation p=sharing view?usp=sharing
of Signals
Concept of https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
convolution in om/file/d/19RHiOgL com/file/d/1W8KX Chalk
29 3 Time domain Gq9qsu4OUIb5F3T5 IgGiRGPI_wnRMc NA Understand and T1
and Frequency YEXJh67oQ/view?us OGt6SHvjEAtUEf/ talk,PPT
domain p=sharing view?usp=sharing
 https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Graphical
om/file/d/19RHiOgL com/file/d/1W8KX Chalk
representation
30 3 Gq9qsu4OUIb5F3T5 IgGiRGPI_wnRMc NA Apply and T1
of
YEXJh67oQ/view?us OGt6SHvjEAtUEf/ talk,PPT
Convolution
p=sharing view?usp=sharing
Tutorial on Chalk
31 3 Linear NA and T1
System-1 talk,PPT
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Introduction to om/file/d/14lfxXaCsT com/file/d/1dbzzhx Chalk
32 4 Laplace QFbvSfiu2nltSiqtsH1 9KoCaiXZWPbnJx Understand and T1
Transforms Baem/view?usp=shari CIFy46fox2ZY/vie talk,PPT
ng w?usp=sharing
Concept of
Region of
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Convergence https://ocw.mit.e
om/file/d/14lfxXaCsT com/file/d/1dbzzhx Chalk
(ROC) for du/resources/res-
33 4 QFbvSfiu2nltSiqtsH1 9KoCaiXZWPbnJx Apply and T1
Laplace 6-007-signals-
Baem/view?usp=shari CIFy46fox2ZY/vie talk,PPT
Transforms, and-systems-
ng w?usp=sharing
Properties of spring-
L.T, 2011/assignment
Relation s/MITRES_6_00
between L.T 7S11_hw20.pdf
and F.T of a https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
signal, Laplace om/file/d/14lfxXaCsT com/file/d/1dbzzhx Chalk
34 4 Transform of QFbvSfiu2nltSiqtsH1 9KoCaiXZWPbnJx Implement and T1
certain signals Baem/view?usp=shari CIFy46fox2ZY/vie talk,PPT
using ng w?usp=sharing
waveform
synthesis.
Chalk
Tutorial-1 on
35 3 and T1
LT
talk,PPT

Chalk
Tutorial-2 on
36 4 NA and T1
LT
talk,PPT
https://drive.google.
Z–Transforms: https://drive.google.c
com/file/d/1PAxbG
Concept of Z- om/file/d/1lYGyMTg Chalk
0EAfFrPCzrA0QJF https://ocw.mit.e
37 4 Transform of a mBaKvlDbT9qmG3t Understand and T1
pCx- du/resources/res-
Discrete knW424EEIe/view?u talk,PPT
55GTQk0e/view?us 6-007-signals-
Sequence, sp=sharing
p=sharing and-systems-
https://drive.google. spring-
fourier and Z https://drive.google.c
com/file/d/1PAxbG 2011/assignment
Transforms, om/file/d/1lYGyMTg Chalk
0EAfFrPCzrA0QJF s/MITRES_6_00
38 4 Region of mBaKvlDbT9qmG3t Apply and T1
pCx- 7S11_hw22.pdf
Convergence in knW424EEIe/view?u talk,PPT
55GTQk0e/view?us
Z- Transform, sp=sharing
p=sharing
 Constraints on
ROC for https://drive.google.
https://drive.google.c
various classes com/file/d/1PAxbG
om/file/d/1lYGyMTg Chalk
of signals, 0EAfFrPCzrA0QJF
39 4 mBaKvlDbT9qmG3t Implement and T1
Inverse Z- pCx-
knW424EEIe/view?u talk,PPT
transform, 55GTQk0e/view?us
sp=sharing
Properties of Z- p=sharing
transforms.
Chalk
Z-Transform
40 4 and T1
Tutorial-1
talk,PPT

Chalk
Z-Transform
41 4 and T1
Tutorial-2
talk,PPT

Chalk
MOCK TEST-
42 4 NA and T1
2
talk,PPT
Sampling
theorem:
Graphical and
analytical proof https://drive.google.
https://drive.google.c
for Band com/file/d/1iWmA
om/file/d/19X- Chalk
Limited ucRltf0o- https://ocw.mit. Understand
43 5 k9cak9b2VzPt- and T1
Signals, VjOr0yer_jarJ5N9J edu/resources/re
6qGyzZg2S7mLs0Na talk,PPT
Impulse pS/view?usp=shari s-6-007-signals-
/view?usp=sharing
Sampling, ng and-systems-
Natural and spring-
Flat top 2011/assignmen
Sampling, ts/MITRES_6_0
Reconstruction https://drive.google. 07S11_hw16.pdf
https://drive.google.c
of signal from com/file/d/1iWmA
om/file/d/19X- Chalk
its samples, ucRltf0o-
44 5 k9cak9b2VzPt- Apply and T1
Effect of under VjOr0yer_jarJ5N9J
6qGyzZg2S7mLs0Na talk,PPT
sampling – pS/view?usp=shari
/view?usp=sharing
Aliasing, ng
Introduction to
Band Pass
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Sampling.
om/file/d/1o6zM3nb com/file/d/1oMME
Correlation: Chalk
OkBvO- NZWEpFjsJPCNlY
45 5 Cross NA Apply and T1
_ICuHXzK37M50U2 OuA51x0iMEmVD
Correlation and talk,PPT
hsqR/view?usp=shari 8/view?usp=sharin
Auto
ng g
Correlation of
Functions,
Properties of
https://drive.google.c https://drive.google.
Correlation
om/file/d/1o6zM3nb com/file/d/1oMME
Functions, Chalk
OkBvO- NZWEpFjsJPCNlY
46 5 Energy NA Understand and T2
_ICuHXzK37M50U2 OuA51x0iMEmVD
Density talk,PPT
hsqR/view?usp=shari 8/view?usp=sharin
Spectrum,
ng g
Parsevals
 Theorem,

Power Density
Spectrum,
Relation https://drive.google.c
https://drive.google.
between om/file/d/1zvmKvtYj
com/file/d/14DZNk Chalk
Autocorrelation kkj4iLK6EPh3Vj66a
47 5 UfrIY67eY8eFK4 NA Understand and T2
Function and 3-
M59hL26gJi493/vi talk,PPT
Energy/Power 95svP/view?usp=shar
ew?usp=sharing
Spectral ing
Density
Function,
Relation
between
Convolution
https://drive.google.c
and https://drive.google.
om/file/d/1zvmKvtYj
Correlation, com/file/d/14DZNk Chalk
kkj4iLK6EPh3Vj66a
48 5 Detection of UfrIY67eY8eFK4 NA Apply and T2
3-
Periodic M59hL26gJi493/vi talk,PPT
95svP/view?usp=shar
Signals in the ew?usp=sharing
ing
presence of
Noise by
Correlation,
https://drive.google.c
https://drive.google.
Extraction of om/file/d/1zvmKvtYj
com/file/d/14DZNk Chalk
Signal from kkj4iLK6EPh3Vj66a
49 5 UfrIY67eY8eFK4 NA Apply and T2
Noise by 3-
M59hL26gJi493/vi talk,PPT
Filtering 95svP/view?usp=shar
ew?usp=sharing
ing
MID-II EXAMINATION ( TO )

Text Books:

1. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi, 2013, BSP.

2. Signals and Systems - A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawabi, 2 Ed.

Reference Books:
1. Signals and Systems – Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Wiley 2 Ed.,
2.Signals and Systems – A. Rama Krishna Rao, 2008, TMH
3. Fundamentals of Signals and Systems - Michel J. Robert, 2008, MGH International Edition.
4.Signals, Systems and Transforms - C. L. Philips, J.M.Parr and Eve A.Riskin, 3 Ed., 2004, PE.

5. Signals and Systems – K. Deergha Rao, Birkhauser, 2018

IX. MAPPING COURSE OUTCOMES LEADING TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF PROGRAM

 OUTCOMES AND PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES:
Course Program Outcomes Program
Outcomes Specific
Outcomes
P P P
PO PO PO PO PO PO PS PS PS
PO6 PO7 PO9 O1 O O
1 2 3 4 5 8 O1 O2 O3
0 11 12
CO1 3 3 1 - 1 - - - 1 - - 1 1 3 -
CO2 3 3 1 - 1 - - - 1 - - 1 1 3 -
CO3 3 3 1 - 1 - - - 2 - - 1 1 3 -
CO4 3 3 2 - 1 - - - 2 - - 1 1 3 -
1.2
Average 3 3 - 1 - - - 1.5 - - 1 1 3 -
5
Average
3 3 1 - 1 - - - 2 - - 1 1 3 -
(Rounded)

1: Slight (Low) 2: Moderate (Medium) 3: Substantial (High) - : None

X. JUSTIFICATIONS FOR CO-PO MAPPING:

Mapping Low (1), Justification

Medium (2),
High(3)
CO1-PO1 3 Students will be able to discuss the analogy between vectors and signals.
Students will be able to describe the signal approximation using
CO1-PO2 3
orthogonal functions.
Students will be able to discuss about Exponential and sinusoidal
CO1-PO3 1 signals, Concepts of Impulse function, Unit step function, Signum
function.
Students will be able to illustrate Fourier series, Continuous time periodic
CO1-PO5 1
signals, properties of Fourier series.
Students will be able to illustrate Dirichlet’s conditions, Trigonometric
CO1-PO9 1 Fourier series and Exponential Fourier series, Complex Fourier
spectrum.
CO1-PO12 1 Students will be able to compute Fourier transform from Fourier series.
CO1-PSO1 1 Students will be able to compute Fourier transform of arbitrary signal.
CO1-PSO2 3 Students will be able to compute Fourier transform of standard signals.
CO2-PO1 3 Students will be able to compute Fourier transform of periodic signals.
Students will be able to demonstrate the Linear system, impulse
CO2-PO2 3 response, Response of a linear system, Linear time invariant (LTI)
system, and Linear time variant (LTV) system.
CO2-PO3 1 Students will be able to discuss Filter characteristics of linear systems.
Students will be able to demonstrate the Causality and Paley-Wiener
CO2-PO5 1
criterion for physical realization.
Students will be able to describe Laplace transforms, Partial fraction
CO2-PO9 1
expansion, Inverse Laplace transform.
Students will be able to demonstrate the concept of region of
CO2-PO12 1
convergence (ROC) for Laplace transforms.
Students will be able to examine the constraints on ROC for various
CO2-PSO1 1
classes of signals.
Students will be able to examine the fundamental difference between
CO2-PSO2 3
continuous and discrete time signals.
 Students will be able to describe concept of Z- Transform of a discrete
CO3-PO1 3
sequence.
Students will be able to describe concept and methods to determine the
CO3-PO2 3
inverse Z- Transform of a discrete sequence.
Students will be able to describe concept of Z- Transform of a discrete
CO3-PO3 1
sequence.
Students will be able to explain the distinction between Laplace, Fourier
CO3-PO5 1 and Z transforms, Region of convergence in Z-Transform,.
Students will be able to explain the constraints on ROC for various classes
CO3-PO9 2
of signals
CO3-PO12 1 Students will be able to illustrate Sampling theorem.
CO3-PSO1 1 Students will be able to illustrate the types of sampling.
Students will be able to illustrate Reconstruction of signal from its
CO3-PSO2 3
samples.
CO4-PO1 3 Students will be able to illustrate the effect s of undersampling.
CO4-PO2 3 Students will be able to demonstrate cross correlation.
Students will be able to demonstrate properties of correlation
CO4-PO3 2
function.
Students will be able to demonstrate Energy density pectrum, Parseval’s
CO4-PO5 1
theorem.
CO4-PO9 2 Students will be able to demonstrate Power density spectrum.
Students will be able to discuss relation between autocorrelation
CO4-PO12 1
function and energy spectral density
Students will be able to discuss relation between autocorrelation
CO4-PSO1 1
function and power spectral density
Students will be able to express Relation between convolution and
CO4-PSO2 3
correlation.

XI. QUESTION BANK (JNTUH):

UNIT - I
Long Answer Questions:
S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
1. Write the classification of all the standard signals Remember 1
Prove that sin nwt and cos mwt are orthogonal to each other for all
2. Apply 1
integers m,n
Prove that the complex exponential signals are orthogonal functions
3. Apply 1
x(t)=ejnwt and y(t)=ejmwt let the interval be(t0, t0+T)
Discuss how an unknown function f(t) can be expressed using infinite
4. Mutually orthogonal functions. Hence show the representation of a Apply 1
waveform f(t) using trigonometric Fourier series.
Explain the analogy of vectors and signals in terms of orthogonality
5. Understand 1
and evaluation of constant.

Short Answer Questions:

S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
Define the following basic signals with graphical representation
1. i) Unit Sample Signal ii) Unit Step Signal Remember 1
iii) Ramp Signal iv) Sinusoidal signal.
 2. Write short notes on “orthogonal vector space" Understand 1

3. List out all the properties of Fourier Series. Understand 1

Determine the Fourier series of the function shown in figure

4. Remember 1

Give relationship between Trigonometric and Exponential Fourier

5. Understand 1
series.

UNIT - II
Long Answer Questions:
S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
Find the Fourier transform of the function i) f(t) = e-a|t| sin (t) ii) f(t) =
1. Apply 2
cos at2 iii) f(t) = sin at2
2. Find the even and odd components of the signal x(t) = cos(ωot+π/3). Understand 2
A rectangular function f(t) is defined by f(t) = 1; 0 < t < π
= -1; π< t < 2 π
3. Understand 2
Approximate this function by a waveform sint over the interval (0, 2π)
such that the mean square error is inimum.
Show that autocorrelation and power spectral density form a Fourier
4. Understand 2
Transform Pair.
5. State and prove Parseval’s Theorem. Remember 2

Short Answer Questions:

S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
1. State and prove any Four Properties of Fourier Transform. Remember 2

2. Briefly explain Dirichlet’s conditions for Fourier series Understand 2

3. State Time Shifting property in relation to Fourier series. Understand 2

4. Find the fourier transform of x(t)=sin(wt) Understand 2

5. Write the standard forms three classes of Fourier series Evaluate 2

UNIT - III
Long Answer Questions:
S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
A system represented by y(t) = 2x(t-2) + 2x(t+2).
1. i) Is the system time invariant? Justify your answer. Remember 3
ii) Is the system causal? Justify your answer.
2. Define Linearity and Time-Invariant properties of a system. Understand 3
Show that the output of an LTI system is given by the linear
3. Understand 3
convolution of input signal and impulse response of the system.
What are the requirements to be satisfied by an LTI system to
4. Understand 3
provide distortion less transmission of a signal?
5. Bring out the relation between bandwidth and rise time Understand 3

Short Answer Questions:

S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
1. Define the terms: i) Signal Bandwidth ii) System bandwidth Remember 3
Define the terms: Linear time Variant system Paley-wiener criteria for
2. Remember 3
physical reliability.
3. Discuss the effect of aliasing due to under sampling. Understand 3

4. Briefly explain BIBO stability concept. Remember 3

5. State Convolution property of Fourier Transform. Analyze 3

UNIT - IV
Long Answer Questions:
S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
1. Find the inverse Z transform of X(z) = ln(1+az-1) ; ROC |z|>a Understand 4
State and Prove Initial value and Final value theorem w.r.t Laplace
2. Remember 4
transform
3. State any four properties of Laplace transform. Understand 4

4. Find the inverse Laplace transform of (S-1) / (S) (S+1). Understand 4

5. Bring out the relationship between Laplace and Fourier Transform. Analyze 4

Short Answer Questions:

S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
1. Define Laplace Transform and Its inverse. Remember 4

2. Define Region of convergence and state its properties. Remember 4

3. Find the Laplace transform of f(t) = sin at cos bt & f(t) = t sin at Understand 4

4. State the properties of the ROC of Laplace transform Remember 4

 Define Region of Convergence and state its properties w.r.t Z-
5. Remember 4
Transform.

UNIT - V
Long Answer Questions:
S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
1. State and prove sampling theorem for band limited signals Understand 4
Derive the relationship between autocorrelation function and energy
2. Understand 4
spectral density of an energy signal.
3. Discuss the process of reconstructing the signal from its samples. Understand 4

4. Bring out the relation between Correlation and Convolution. Remember 4

Define Nyquist rate. Compare the merits and demerits of performing
5. Remember 4
sampling using impulse, Natural and Flat-top sampling techniques.

Short Answer Questions:

S.No. Question Blooms Course
Taxonomy Outcome
Level
Find the convolution of two signals x(n) = { 1, 1, 0, 1, 1} and h(n) = {
1. Remember 4
1, -2, -3, 4}
2. Define autocorrelation and state its properties. Remember 4

3. What is the condition for avoid the aliasing effect? Understand 4

4. What is the significance of antialiasing filter Analyze 4

5. Define sampling of band pass signals. Analyze 4

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS:
UNIT I
1. The type of systems which are characterized by input and the output quantized at certain levels are called as
_________________. [ ]
a) analog b) discrete c) continuous d) digital
2. The type of systems which are characterized by input and the output capable of taking any value in a
particular set of values are called as ____________. [ ]
a) analog b) discrete c) digital d) continuous
3. An example of a discrete set of information/system is ______________. [ ]
a) the trajectory of the Sun b) data on a CD
c) universe time scale d) movement of water through a pipe
4. A system which is linear is said to obey the rules of ___________. [ ]
a) scaling b) additivity c) both scaling and additivity d) homogeneity
5. A time invariant system is a system whose output __________________. [ ]
a) increases with a delay in input b) decreases with a delay in input
c) remains same with a delay in input d) vanishes with a delay in input
6. Basically signals can be broadly classified as ............. & .................
7. The condition for Orthogonality between two time domain signals is..............
8. The condition for periodicity of a continuous time signal is...............
9. The equation for finding the power of DT signal is.................
10. The Fourier Series of a continuous time signal is defined as.............

UNIT II
 1. ______________ discovered Fourier series. [ ]
a) Jean Baptiste de Fourier b) Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier
c) Fourier Joseph d) Jean Fourier
2. ____ are the conditions which are required for a signal to fulfil to be represented as Fourier series.
[ ]
a) Dirichlet’s conditions b) Gibbs phenomenon
c) Fourier conditions d) Fourier phenomenon
3. ____________ are the two types of Fourier series. [ ]
a) Trigonometric and exponential b) Trigonometric and logarithmic
c) Exponential and logarithmic d) Trigonometric only
4. _________ are the Fourier coefficients in the following. [ ]
a) a0, an and bn b) an c) bn d) an and bn
5. ____ is the disadvantage of exponential Fourier series. [ ]
a) It is tough to calculate b) It is not easily visualized
c) It cannot be easily visualized as sinusoids d) It is hard for manipulation
6. The Fourier transform of x(t) is given by……..
7. Fourier transform is used to analyze a ………..signal in frequency domain.
8. The inverse Fourier transform of X(w) is given by…….
9. ………………… is the Fourier transform of a delta function.
10. According to sampling theorem the frequency of sampling fs should be …………

UNIT III

1. The rule h*x = x*h is called _______________. [ ]

a) Commutativity rule b) Associativity rule c) Distributive rule d) Transitive rule
2. For an LTI discrete system to be stable, the square sum of the impulse response should be ____.
[ ]
a) Integral multiple of 2pi b) Infinity c) Finite d) Zero
3. The rule (h*x)*c = h*(x*c) is called ______________. [ ]
a) Commutativity rule b) Associativity rule c) Distributive rule d) Transitive rule
4. The system h(t) = exp(-7t) correspond to a ____________ system. [ ]
a) Yes b) No c) Marginally Stable d) None
5. _______________ expression equal to: h*(d+bd), d(t) is the delta function. [ ]
a) h + d b) b + d c) d d) h + b
6. A continuous time system is time ………if the time shift is reflected in the output signal also.
7. The equation for transfer function of a system is given by the ratio of ……& …….
8. ____________ defines impulse response of a continuous time system.
9. The range of frequencies of an ideal low pass filter will br from…….Hz to…..Hz
10. If a system is causal then the condition in terms of the impulse response h(t) is….

UNIT IV
1. Transfer function may be defined as ______. [ ]
a) Ratio of out to input b) Ratio of Laplace transform of output to input
c) Ratio of Laplace transform of output to input with zero initial conditions d) None
2. _______ are the poles of transfer function which is defined by input x(t)=5Sin(t)-u(t) and output
y(t)=Cos(t)-u(t). [ ]
a) 4.79, 0.208 b) 5.73, 0.31 c) 5.89, 0.208 d) 5.49, 0.308
3. Any system is said to be stable if and only if _________. [ ]
a) It poles lies at the left of imaginary axis b) It zeros lies at the left of imaginary axis
c) It poles lies at the right of imaginary axis d) It zeros lies at the right of imaginary axis
4. ____________ justifies the linearity property of z-transform [x(n)↔X(z)].[ ]
a) x(n)+y(n) ↔X(z)Y(z) b) x(n)+y(n) ↔X(z)+Y(z)
c) x(n)y(n) ↔X(z)+Y(z) d) x(n)y(n) ↔X(z)Y(z)
5. _______ is the set of all values of z for which X(z) attains a finite value. [ ]
 a) Radius of convergence b) Radius of divergence
c) Feasible solution d) None of the mentioned
6. The mathematical computation called…… is used to represent continuous time signals in terms of complex
exponentials.
7. The Laplace transform of x(t)=e-atu(t) is……...
8. The time delay property of Laplace transform is given by ………………….
9. _____________ are two advantages of Laplace transforms.
10. The inverse Laplace transform of X(s) is given by ………………..

UNIT V
1. The value of h[n]*d[n-1], d[n] being the delta function is ____________. [ ]
a) h[n-2] b) h[n] c) h[n-1] d) h[n+1]
2. The convolution of x(t) = exp(2t)u(-t), and h(t) = u(t-3) is ___________. [ ]
a) 0.5exp(2t-6) u(-t+3) + 0.5u(t-3) b) 0.5exp(2t-3) u(-t+3) + 0.8u(t-3)
c) 0.5exp(2t-6) u(-t+3) + 0.5u(t-6) d) 0.5exp(2t-6) u(-t+3) + 0.8u(t-3)
3. The convolution of x(t) = exp(3t)u(-t), and h(t) = u(t-3) is ________. [ ]
a) 0.33exp(2t-6) u(-t+3) + 0.5u(t-3) b) 0.5exp(4t-3) u(-t+3) + 0.8u(t-3)
c) 0.33exp(2t-6) u(-t+3) + 0.5u(t-6) d) 0.33exp(3t-6) u(-t+3) + 0.33u(t-3)
4. The value of d(t-34)*x(t+56), d(t) being the delta function is ______. [ ]
a) x(t + 56) b) x(t + 32) c) x(t + 22) d) x(t – 22)
5. If h1, h2 and h3 are cascaded, the overall impulse response is ________. [ ]
a) h1 * h2 * h3 b) h1 + h2 + h3 c) h3 d) all of the above

6. The equation for convolution in time domain is ……….

7. Convolution sum is the mathematical computation that can be performed only on ……. signals.
8. x(n).δ(n-n0) = …………………………
9. The spectral density functions of the periodic or non-periodic signal x(t) represents the distribution of
power or energy in the ….…… domain.
10. If X(f) is the frequency domain function of a signal x(t) then its ESD is given as ………………

XII. WEBSITES:
1. https://www.edx.org/counse/signals-systems-part-1-iitbombay-ee210-1x-1
2. nptel.ac.in/courses/117104074
3. dsp.rice.edu/courses/elec301

XIII. EXPERT DETAILS:

1. Mr. S. Srinivasan, Professor, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
2. Dr. V. Sumalatha (JNTUA)
3. Dr. P. V. D. Somasekhar Rao (JNTUH)
4. Dr. T.Satya Savithri (JNTUH)

XIV. JOURNALS:
INTERNATIONAL
1. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
2. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
3. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems
4. IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing

NATIONAL
1. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
2. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
3. Journal of Signal Processing Systems

XV. LIST OF TOPICS FOR STUDENT SEMINARS:

1. Signal approximation using orthogonal functions.
2. Fourier series representation of periodic signals.
3. Fourier series properties.
4. Fourier transforms properties.
5. Signal transmission through linear systems.

XVII. CASE STUDIES / SMALL PROJECTS:

1. Estimation of Improved DFT Characteristics.
2. Calculation Fourier Transform using Mat Lab.
3. Designing of an LTI System.