Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 12 views

    Deco Assignment 2 .... Ashutosh

    Uploaded by

    downlodemaster1
    The document contains an assignment with questions about computer memory concepts. It asks about the differences between cache memory and virtual memory, provides short descriptions of CD-ROM, DRAM, EPROM, and hard disks, explains associative memory with a block diagram, and describes how to construct a 512*8 ROM using 8 64*8 ROM chips and a decoder. It also distinguishes between registers, which store temporary data, and counters, which are used to count clock cycles or events.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Deco Assignment 2 .... Ashutosh

    Uploaded by

    downlodemaster1
    12 views8 pages
    The document contains an assignment with questions about computer memory concepts. It asks about the differences between cache memory and virtual memory, provides short descriptions of CD-ROM, DRAM, EPROM, and hard disks, explains associative memory with a block diagram, and describes how to construct a 512*8 ROM using 8 64*8 ROM chips and a decoder. It also distinguishes between registers, which store temporary data, and counters, which are used to count clock cycles or events.

    Original Title

    DECO ASSIGNMENT 2 .... ASHUTOSH

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document contains an assignment with questions about computer memory concepts. It asks about the differences between cache memory and virtual memory, provides short descriptions of CD-ROM, DRAM, EPROM, and hard disks, explains associative memory with a block diagram, and describes how to construct a 512*8 ROM using 8 64*8 ROM chips and a decoder. It also distinguishes between registers, which store temporary data, and counters, which are used to count clock cycles or events.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    12 views8 pages

    Deco Assignment 2 .... Ashutosh

    Uploaded by

    downlodemaster1
    The document contains an assignment with questions about computer memory concepts. It asks about the differences between cache memory and virtual memory, provides short descriptions of CD-ROM, DRAM, EPROM, and hard disks, explains associative memory with a block diagram, and describes how to construct a 512*8 ROM using 8 64*8 ROM chips and a decoder. It also distinguishes between registers, which store temporary data, and counters, which are used to count clock cycles or events.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 8

    ASSIGNMENT 2

    DECO
    - ASHUTOSH TIWARI
    QUES 1 . Explain the difference between cache memory and virtual memory.

    Cache Memory:

    A type of fast memory built into the processor or placed close to it.
    Used to temporarily store frequently accessed data and instructions.
    Processor checks cache memory first before retrieving data from slower memory such as RAM or a hard drive.
    Virtual Memory:

    A type of memory management technique used by operating systems.


    Allows programs to use more memory than is physically available in the computer's RAM.
    When program needs more memory than available in RAM, data is moved from RAM to hard drive to create a temporary
    storage area called virtual memory.
    Data is moved back to RAM when the program needs to access it.
    QUES 2 . WRITE SHORT NOTES ON THE CD ROM , DYNAMIC RAM , EPROM , HARD DISK

    Here are some short notes on CD-ROM, Dynamic RAM, EPROM, and Hard Disk:

    • CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory)


    • A type of optical disc used to store digital data such as music, software, and video.
    • Data is read from the disc using a laser beam that reflects off the disc's surface.
    • CD-ROMs are non-rewritable and can store up to 700 MB of data.

    • Dynamic RAM (DRAM)


    • A type of volatile computer memory that stores data and program instructions while the computer is running.
    • DRAM needs to be constantly refreshed to maintain its data, and it is slower than other types of memory such as SRAM
    or cache memory.
    • DRAM is widely used in computers and other electronic devices because it is inexpensive and has a high storage capacity.
    • EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)
    • A type of non-volatile memory that can be programmed, erased, and reprogrammed.
    • Data is stored in EPROM using electrical charges on a silicon chip, which can be erased by exposing the chip to ultraviolet
    light.
    • EPROMs are used to store firmware and other types of data that need to be retained even when the power is turned off.

    • Hard Disk
    • A type of non-volatile computer storage that uses spinning disks to store and retrieve digital data.
    • Hard disks have a high storage capacity and are used to store operating systems, software, and user files.
    • Data is stored magnetically on the disk's surface, and the disk is read using read/write heads that move across the disk's
    surface.
    QUES 3 . WHAT IS ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY ? DRAW AND EXPLAIN ITS BLOCK DIAGRAM

    Associative memory is a type of computer memory that allows the computer to access data based on its content rather than its
    location in memory. It is also known as content-addressable memory (CAM).

    The block diagram of an associative memory consists of three main components:

    Address Input
    Data Input
    Memory Array

    The Address Input is used to specify the search criteria for the data that is being sought. The Data Input is used to input the data
    to be searched. The Memory Array stores the data along with the associated address.

    In an associative memory, the data input is compared with the contents of the memory array in parallel. If the data input
    matches the contents of any memory location, the address associated with that data is output. This allows for faster data
    retrieval since the data can be found based on its content rather than its physical location.
    QUES 4 . USING EIGTH 64 * 8 ROM CHIPS WITH AN ENABLE INPUT AND DECODER , CONSTORS A 512 * 8 ROM ?

    To construct a 512 * 8 ROM using eight 64 * 8 ROM chips with an enable input and decoder, we can follow these steps:

    • Connect the enable inputs of all eight ROM chips to a common enable signal.
    • Connect the address lines of the eight ROM chips to the output of the decoder. The decoder takes the nine address inputs
    and generates eight chip select signals for each of the eight ROM chips.
    • Assign consecutive address ranges to each of the eight ROM chips using the chip select signals from the decoder.
    • Connect the eight data outputs of each ROM chip to a common data bus.
    • Use tri-state buffers on each data output to avoid bus contention when multiple ROM chips try to output data at the same
    time.
    • Write the appropriate data into each of the 64 * 8 ROM chips based on the assigned address ranges.
    • By following the above steps, we can create a 512 * 8 ROM using eight 64 * 8 ROM chips with an enable input and decoder.
    QUES 5 . DIFFERENCE BETWEEN REGISTORS AND COUNTORS ?
    The main differences between registers and counters:

    Registers:
    - Used to store data temporarily in a digital system
    - Made up of flip-flops
    - Can store data such as addresses, instruction codes, or intermediate results of computations
    - Number of flip-flops determines the number of bits it can store

    Counters:
    - Used to count the number of clock cycles or events in a system
    - Can be synchronous or asynchronous
    - Can count up, count down, or count up and down
    - Used to generate a sequence of digital numbers or keep track of the number of times an event has occurred

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy