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The Durability of Banana Leaves as Alternative Bag

Nursing (Bukidnon State University)

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A Study about the Durability of Banana Leaves (Musa acuminate) as an

Alternative Bag

Life Sciences

Research Category:

Sub Category:

Researchers:

Gwyneth C. Antonio

Research Adviser:

JULIO LEDESMA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

San Carlos City, Negros Occidental

Division of San Carlos City

Region VI, Western Visayas

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Table of Contents

Title Page
Title Page 1

Table of Contents 2
Abstract 3
Introduction 4
Methodology 6
Research Design 6
Materials 7
Procedure 8
Statistical Analysis Tool 10
Results 11
Discussion 12
Conclusion 13
Recommendations 14
Acknowledgement 15
References 16
Appendices 18

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Abstract

Banana leaves are large, wide, elongated, and slightly rounded, averaging two

meters in length, a half a meter in width, and 8-12 leaves per tree. The surface of the

leaves are waxy, flexible, and glossy, and range in color from lime, olive green, to dark

green. There is a central midrib that runs the length of the leaf and two laminas, or leaf

halves are found on either side of the midrib. The leaves do not have branching veins,

and this makes them vulnerable to tearing easily. Banana plants also have a pseudostem,

which is a false stem that looks like a trunk but is multiple fleshy leaf sheaths that are

tightly overlapped. Banana leaves are often used as wrapping material alternative to

plastic bags. This study was conducted to know the durability of banana leaves as an

alternative bag,

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Introduction

Banana leaves are tough, waterproof, and hygienic. Bananas are one of the most widely grown crops in

the world, thus they are easily accessible. Banana leaves were used to wrap many traditional dishes from the

past for storage. These large, glossy leaves are the ideal food saver since they retain moisture and are difficult

to decompose. Naturally, this also means that a lot of cultures are already accustomed to the idea of using

banana leaves as a form of packaging and are thus ready to accept them in stores. In places like Thailand,

banana leaves are already widely used. According to Wilson (2019), as many companies are now moving away

from single use plastics, they're seeking biodegradable packaging for food. Banana leaves are 100%

environmentally-friendly and sustainable. They will degrade just like any other plant product once they've been

discarded, and they're a by-product that is continuously produced. Banana leaves are also lightweight, healthy,

and attractive. Many people who are uncomfortable with plastics may be comfortable with the use of banana

leaves, as they won't pass unusual chemicals to food. There's a significant waste problem on a global level, and

companies are going to need to do something about it if they're going to survive and please new consumers.

Many countries are taking action against single-use plastics and non-biodegradable products.

The industrialized society's primary packaging materials, plastic and paper, each have a significant

drawback. Every year, humans cut down billions of trees for paper. Additionally, the pollution caused by plastic

disposables being thrown away globally has unknowable impacts. But as Banana Leaf Technology Products

points out, Mother Nature provides us with everything we require. Therefore, it is up to humanity to make the

best decision. To build a healthy civilization, nature and humanity must cohabit in every way.

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Banana Leaf Technology started in 2010 when Tenith Adithyaa, then 11 years old,

saw farmers in Southern India dump heaps of banana leaves as trash due to the lack of a

preservation technology. The spark ignited when the question came to the mind, ‘can these

leaves be enhanced biologically?’ By trial and error, he succeeded in preserving the leaves for

about a year without using any chemicals. For four years, he perfected his technology of

cellular enhancement. He received his first international award for this technology in 2014, at

the global invention fair in Texas. The technology strengthens leaf cell walls, improves cells,

and shields cells from harmful agents. Preserved leaves are more durable to tearing, stretching,

and crushing, can withstand high temperatures, and can support more weight than they could in

their natural state. When leaves are preserved in their natural green color, they can last up to a

year; when they aren't, they have a longer shelf life of three years. These biomaterials have

been treated, making them entirely eco-friendly, pathogen-resistant, healthy, and human-

friendly.

This study is beneficial to the agriculture, industrial, environment and people in the

community, especially in times where pollution is stagnant due to improper disposal of waste,

specifically of plastics which never decompose. They can eliminate the use of plastics and

provide solution in the environmental problems we facein different means in not so expensive

way. In addition, the use of banana leaves as an alternative bag can not just eliminate the use of

plastics but also minimize the cost or money we spend on plastics and the waste we throw

everyday. The result of this study can be expanded in the agricultural and environmental needs

of the society.

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Methodology

Research Design

This study focuses in determining the durability of banana leaves as an alternative bag.
It uses (need pa sumpay wako kabalo sinyong process)*
This study was conducted using (unsa na research design). The (iexplain ang definition sa

research design na inyong gigamit.)

Table 1: Types of Treatments

Product Durability

Table 2: Experimental Layout

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Materials and Equipment

The materials while conducting this study are

Guidelines:

(process cite 1 study)

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Procedures

Acquisition of materials:

1.)
Methods:

1.)

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In conducting the procedures,

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Statistical Analysis Tool

The independent variable in this study are the following The treatments affect the

dependent variable which is the

This study uses T-test to test the data obtained. A T – test is used when we compare the

mean of a two groups, it is an inferential statistic used to determine if there is a significance

difference between the means of two groups.

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Results

Table 2: Results of Experimentation on the …

Treatments Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Mean

The table above shows the result of the experiment. Product A –compared to the Product

B –with the mean of (value).

Table 3: Statistical Analysis

One Sample Statistics

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error

Mean

One Sample Test

Test Value = 0
95% Confidence Interval
of the Difference
t df Sig. Mean Lower Upper
(2-tailed) Difference

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Discussion

The t distribution changes its shape depending on the degrees of freedom (df), since in

regression df = n – p – 1, where n is the sample size and p – the number of predictors, we know

that df increases if n does (assuming that p stays the same). The bigger the df the more the

t distribution approximates a standard normal distribution. So if the sample size is big enough,

we can say that a t – value is significant, if the absolute t – value is higher or equal to 1.96.

The value of the t – stat as shown in the Table ___ is lesser than the value which corresponds to

the level of significance. Therefore, the null hypothesis is (accepted or rejected) because the t

value of Product A and Product B is (lesser/more) than the significance level which is 1.96.

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Conclusion

Based on the results and discussions, it shows that the null hypothesis is therefore

(accepted/rejected) and (there is or there is no) significance difference between the Product

A –and Product B –as alternative bag since the t – value of both treatments is (lesser or more)

than significance level which is 1.96.

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Recommendation

Based on the results of this study, veterinarians, pet/guinea pig owners, medical industry

and people in the community was recommended to use these alternative diuretic drug or

medicinal plant in increasing your urine output instead of just drinking water, but be sure to

prescribe from the health professionals first. To the other researchers, they can expand or explore

more about the treatments used, its uses and compositions, on how it is beneficial in both human

and animals in different ways.

Base on the conduct of this study, it was recommended to refer first from the medical

professionals to avoid financial complications and errors since this study is inclined in both

medical and animal sciences.

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Acknowledgement

This research study isn’t possible without the help of various wonderful people, from the very
beginning these people have shown their sincere support and willingness to help in conducting
this study and to us researchers. In times of hardships and breakdowns, they became our hope for
us to conquer the stepping stone to reach our very goal.

The researchers would like to express the deepest appreciation and gratitude to these following
people who contributed a lot from the entire performance of this study:

Their parents, Mrs. Analyn & Mr. Fernando Ponting, and Mrs. Ana & Mr. Chabby Mutia, for the
undying love and support to their children in conducting this entire output, financially and
morally.

Ms. Ferlyn Mae Ponting for the guidance. Mrs. Yap, and Bagonbon National High School for the
availability of the treatments.

Mrs. Fructuosa Avanceña, STE Program Coordinator, Ms. Jennyfer Merabe, their research
adviser and Ms. Riza Pañamogan, for the lessons and guidance throughout the entire
performance of this output.

Mrs. Maricar Quisumbing, a Medical Technologist, and Mr. Jeff Sison, an Agriculture
Veterinarian, for the advices.

And most of all, to the Almighty God for His unending blessings and guidance which led us to
this achievement.

THE RESEARCHERS

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References

Mhaskar AV, Prakash K, Vishwakarma KS and Maheshwari VL. Callus Induction and

Antimicrobial Activity of Seed and Callus extracts of Clitoria ternatea L. Current Trends in

Biotechnology and Pharmacy 2010; 4(1):561-567. http://iosrphr.org/papers/v6i3/G0636883.pdf

Fidèle Ntchapda, Christian Bonabe, David Romain Kemeta Azambou et.,al. 2016, Dec 13.

Diuretic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of leaves of Vepris heterophylla (Engl.)

R. Let (Rutaceae) in Rats. BMC Complement Altern Med.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5154154/

Fe A. Cabugao. 2012, Nov. 15. The efficacy of saluyot leaf decoction as a diuretic agent

compared to furosemide in rabbits. DOST-7 Library. http://www.herdin.ph/index.php?

view=research&cid=46130

Lacorte LH, Ang JL, Ferrer D, Lorenzo SE, Oandasan MK, Santos SA, Tan Hoc AM and

Umayam EU.2018. Diuretic Activity of Kalumpang (Stercula foetida L) Methanolic Leaf Extract

in Male Albino Sprague Dawley Rats. Asian J Biol Life Sci.

https://www.ajbls.com/sites/default/files/AsianJBiolLifeSci-7-2-33_0.pdf

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Kalabharathi ,Shruthi,Vaibhavi et.,al. 2015, Dec. 01. Diuretic Activity of Ethanolic Root Extract

of Mimosa Pudica in Albino Rats. Mysore, Karnataka-570015, India. Journal of Clinical and

Diagnostic Research.

https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/6877/14662_CE[Ra]_F(Sh)_PF1(Bm_Om)_PFA(AK)_PF2(P

AG).pdf

Sachin K Chandavarkar, SN Mamle Desai. 2015. Diuretic activity of different extracts of

Biophytum sensitivum (Linn.) DC. P.E.S's College of Pharmacy, Goa, India.

http://www.ayujournal.org/article.asp?issn=0974-

8520;year=2015;volume=36;issue=3;spage=356;epage=358;aulast=Chandavarkar

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Appendices

Experimental Layout
Front View Side View

Treatment A Treatment B

G1 Treatment A – A. angustifolia G2 Treatment B – Clitoria ternatea

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Preparation of Treatments

blue ternate flowers agave leaves

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Urine Sample from each Trial

Trial 1

Treatment B Treatment A

Trial 2 Trial 3

Treatment A Treatment B Treatment B Treatment A

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