DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

Tourist Attractions and Historical Buildings

ENGLISH TEACHER :
Maeda Sari S,Pd

Arranged by :
Angga
Class : XII MIPA

SMA NEGERI 2 KAMPAR KIRI

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 TP 2023/2024
CHAPTER I

LIST OF CONTENTS

Material Descriptive Text Numbering

1. Cover 1
2
2. List Of Contents
3. Understanding Descriptive Text 3
3
Definition
3
Function
4. Generic Structure 4
4
Identification
4
Description
5. Grammar 5
5
Adjective
5
Simple Present Tense 5
5
Adverb Of Frequency
6. Example Descriptive Text 6
7. Questions, Discussion, Keywords 7,8,9
8. Keyword Attachment 10
9. Bibliography 11

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 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. Definition & Function of Descriptive Text

Definition
Descriptive text is a text that describes a particular object in detail. In Indonesian,
descriptive text or description text is a text that describes a particular object in detail. So, as
mentioned at the beginning, in this text, you will describe the object clearly. It can be size,
colors, shape, smell, and so on. (sumber: https://www.ruangguru.com/blog/bahasa-inggris-
kelas-7-pengertian-tujuan-ciri-ciri-dan-struktur-descriptive-text)
Usually, descriptive writing is made in a clear and detailed manner. For example, if you
want to describe the appearance of a woman, the word “beautiful” alone can not be called
descriptive. You can explore other aspects that explain the word. Starting from the aroma,
shape, or even composition.
In the 8th grade English Book of 2016 by the Ministry of Education and culture,
descriptive text is defined as text in English that describes a person, place, or object in detail.
Whether in terms of depicting bodies, objects, properties, or others.

Function & Purpose

In English, the function and purpose of descriptive text in general there is only one,
namely to introduce an object to the reader in detail. The object in question can be either an
abstract object or a concrete object. For example, concrete objects can be people, things,
animals, and various other objects. Meanwhile, abstract objects can be atmosphere, feelings,
ideas, and so on.

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 In other words, the function of descriptive text is to describe things or to give a clear
picture of an object. That way, readers and writers can have the same understanding of a thing.
(sumber: https://www.pijarbelajar.id/blog/descriptive-text-pengertian-fungsi-dan-struktur)

B. Generic Structure Of Descriptive Text

Identification
The first paragraph of descriptive text is identification, the purpose of which is to
identify the object being discussed. This section has not yet duplicated the detailed part of the
object.

Description
The next paragraph is a description. This section describes the characteristics of the
object described at the beginning of the text. In this section, the object should be described in as
much detail as possible so that the characteristics of the object can be clearly depicted in the
minds of readers.
Example :

Borobudur Temple
Identification:
Borobudur temple is one of the most beautiful tourist resorts in Indonesia. It is situated in central Java.
Borobudur temple is one of the seven wonders of the world which needs to be preserved its
circumstances. The people all over the world know that Borobudur is one of the greatest art works that
ever known since long time ago.
Description:
Borobudur temple was built by Syailendra Dynasty during the eighth century. It needed more than two
million river stones. It is the biggest temple in the world.
After going into some restorations, Borobudur is visited by more and more tourists, both domestic and
foreign tourists. Most of them admire Borobudur temple because of its beauty, its elegance and the story
of the relief on its walls.
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 Domestic tourists usually go there by bus or private cars, while foreign tourists like to join travel bureau
because they don’t need to think of the transportation, accommodation, and itinerary. There are some
money changers around the location. It makes them easier to change their money. But some of them like
to bring credit cards and checks.

C. Grammar Of Descriptive & Language Features of Descriptive Text

Abjectif
Descriptive text cannot be separated from adjectives or adjectives. When describing an
object, we definitely use adjectives, such as big, small, tall, short, smart, friendly, etc.

Simple Present Tense

Simple Present Tense is usually used to state facts or general truths, as well as habits.
When describing an object, we will use this type of tense because of what we are describing.

Adverb of Frequency
Adverbs of frequency are useful adverbs to indicate how often an activity is performed.
So, in descriptive text, we can explain the habits of objects using this.

Always = selalu

Usually = Biasanya

Often = Sering

Sometimes = Kadang-kadang

Rarely = Jarang

Never = Tidak Pernah

Every = Setiap

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 D. Example of Descriptive Text
Tourist Attractions and Historical Buildings

Descriptive Text 1

The Eiffel Tower

The Eiffel Tower is an iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris. Built in 1889, it has
become both a global icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world. The
tower is the tallest building in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; millions of
people ascend it every year.

Named for its designer, engineer Gustave Eiffel, the tower was built as the entrance arch to the 1889
World’s Fair.The tower stands 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81-story
building. Upon its completion, it surpassed the Washington Monument to assume the title of tallest
man-made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years, until the Chrysler Building in New York
City was built in 1930; however, due to the addition in 1957 of the antenna, the tower is now taller
than the Chrysler Building. Not including broadcast antennas, it is the second-tallest structure in
France after the 2004 Millau Viaduct.

The tower has three levels for visitors. Tickets can be purchased to ascend, by stairs or lift, to the first
and second levels. The walk to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the walk from the first to the
second level. The third and highest level is accessible only by elevator. Both the first and second
levels feature restaurants.

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 The tower has become the most prominent symbol of both Paris and France, often in the establishing
shot of films set in the city

(Sumber:https://www.jagoanbahasainggris.com/2017/11/contoh-descriptive-text-tentang-tempat-
wisata.html)

CHAPTER III

QUESTIONS AND DISCUSSION

10 Multiple Choice Questions and Answers:

Example Descriptive Text 1: Borobudur Temple ( 1-4 )

Borobudur Temple, located in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia, is a magnificent ancient Buddhist
temple that dates back to the 9th century. This UNESCO World Heritage site stands as a testament to
the rich cultural and religious history of the region. The temple is built in the shape of a giant mandala
and consists of nine stacked platforms, adorned with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues. As the
sun rises, the temple reveals its mystical beauty, with the surrounding lush green landscape adding to
the serene atmosphere. Visitors can explore the intricately carved reliefs that depict stories from
Buddhist scriptures and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and rice fields from the
top of the temple.

1. Where is Borobudur Temple located?

a. Bali
b. Jakarta
c. Magelang
d. Yogyakarta
e. Pekanbaru

2. When was Borobudur Temple built?

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 a. 5th century
b. 9th century
c. 12th century
d. 15th century
e. 17th century

3. What do the bas-reliefs at Borobudur Temple depict?

a. Roman history
b. stories from Buddhist scriptures
c. Greek mythology
d. Daily Life of Javanese people
e. Physical Anthropology

4. How many Buddha statues are there in Borobudur Temple?

a. 304
b. 504
c. 704
d. 904
e. 1000

Example Descriptive Text 2: The Colosseum ( 5-10 )

The Colosseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, is an iconic symbol of ancient Rome located
in the heart of the city. This colossal amphitheater, constructed in the 1st century AD, was primarily
used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles. The elliptical structure is made of concrete and
sand, standing four stories tall with a capacity to hold over 50,000 spectators. The exterior of the
Colosseum is adorned with Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns, showcasing the architectural
brilliance of the ancient Romans. Despite centuries of decay and natural disasters, the Colosseum
remains a mesmerizing monument, attracting millions of visitors each year who are eager to immerse
themselves in the grandeur of ancient Roman entertainment.

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 5. What is another name for the Colosseum?
a. Pantheon
b. lavian Amphitheatre
c. Roman Forum
d. Vatican City
e. Vincent

6. When was the Colosseum built?

a. 1st century BC
b. 1st century AD
c. 5th century AD
d. 10th century AD
e. 2nd century AD

7. What was the main function of the Colosseum in ancient times?

a. Place of worship
b. Gladiator show
c. The Trade Center
d. Central government
e. The centre of War

8. What is the capacity of the Colosseum?

a. 30,000
b. 40,000
c. 50,000
d. 60,000
e. 70,000

9. What was the Colosseum decorated with on the exterior?

a. Mosaic
b. Doric, Ionic and Corinthian columns
c. Marble sculpture

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 d. Wall paint
e. Calligraphy

10. What is the status of the Colosseum according to UNESCO?

a. Not recognized
b. World Heritage
c. Dangerous sites
d. Archaeological sites
e. Website

CHAPTER IV

ATTACHMENT KEYWORDS

1. C. Magelang
Discussion: Borobudur Temple is located in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.
2. B. 9th century
Discussion: Borobudur Temple dates back to the 9th century.
3. B. Stories from Buddhist scriptures
Discussion: The reliefs in Borobudur depict stories from Buddhist scriptures.
4. B. 504
Discussion: Borobudur has 504 Buddha statues.
5. B. Flavian Amphitheatre
Discussion: The Colosseum is also known as the Flavian Amphitheater.
6. B. 1st century AD
Discussion: The Colosseum was built in the 1st century AD.
7. B. Gladiatorial show
Discussion: The Colosseum was used for gladiatorial performances.
8. C. 50,000

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 Discussion: The Colosseum can accommodate more than 50,000 spectators.
9. B. Doric, Ionic and Corinthian columns
Discussion: The Colosseum is decorated with Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns.
10. B. World Heritage
Discussion: The Colosseum is recognized as World Heritage by UNESCO.

CHAPTER V

BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://www.ruangguru.com/blog/bahasa-inggris-kelas-7-pengertian-tujuan-ciri-ciri-dan-struktur-
descriptive-text

https://www.pijarbelajar.id/blog/descriptive-text-pengertian-fungsi-dan-struktur

https://www.jagoanbahasainggris.com/2017/11/contoh-descriptive-text-tentang-tempat-wisata.html

https://www.ruangguru.com/blog/bahasa-inggris-kelas-7-pengertian-tujuan-ciri-ciri-dan-struktur-
descriptive-text

https://www.pijarbelajar.id/blog/descriptive-text-pengertian-fungsi-dan-struktur

https://www.jagoanbahasainggris.com/2017/11/contoh-descriptive-text-tentang-tempat-wisata.html

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