Synchronous Machine Experiment

EE325 – Electrical Machines 2
Experiment 1
ROTATING MAGNETIC FIELD
Objectives
● Verify the production of a three-phase rotating magnetic field by means of three-phase
currents.
● Invert the rotation sense of the three-phase rotating field by varying the phase
sequence.
● Verify the production of single phase rotating magnetic field by means of two
pulsating fields created by two coils carrying currents out phase.
● Invert the rotation sense of the single phase rotating field by varying the connection of
the auxiliary phase.
Components:
● 1 Alternating current machine stator
● 1 Magnetic probe
● 1 DL 10281 Supply Module
● 1 DL 10282 Measurement module
● 1 DL 10283 Loads and rheostats
Electrical diagrams
Diagram 7.1: Three-phase rotating field
Diagram 7.2: Single-phase rotating field
1
Procedure:
Carry out the circuit shown in the previous topographical diagram by using only the stator of
the alternating current machine, without rotor (electrical diagram 7.1).
Set the supply module DL 10281 for a fixed alternating voltage 24V/15A: selector “a0b” to
position “a” and switch L1/L2/L3 to position “0”.
Set the ammeter and the voltmeter of the measurement module DL 10282 for alternating
current measurements.
Activate the supply module and supple the star connected stator windings by setting the
switch L1/L2/L3 to position “1”.
Connect the magnetic probe in correspondence of the machine axis and explore the magnetic
field. The gimbal has to be kept parallel to the support, by using adhesive tape or the other
things, to avoid movements.
The small magnet is stimulated in a certain direction of rotation and it goes on turning.
Deactivate the winding supply and exchange two phase between them, for example L2 with
L3.
Supply the stator windings again: the small magnet turns now in the opposite sense as regards
the previous position one.
Findings and Conclusion:
- A three-phase motor operates by creating a rotating magnetic field in its rotor

area, generated when the windings are energized by a three-phase power
supply. As illustrated in Diagram 7.1 illustrating a three-phase rotating field,
the power supply's phase sequence is ordered as L1, L2, and L3, leading to a
counter-clockwise rotation. Reversing the rotation direction (clockwise or
opposite to the initial rotation) is achieved by swapping two of the three
phases (ex. from L1L2L3 to L1L3L2). The experiment utilizing a 24V power
supply, the measured current and voltage closely matched the targeted values,
indicating a successful alignment with the anticipated outcomes.
2
Documentation:
Experiment 7.2: Single Phase Rotating Field
Procedure
Carry out the circuit shown in the previous topographical diagram by using only the stator of
the alternating current machine, without rotor (electrical diagram 7.2).
Set the supply module Dl 10281 for single phase variable alternating voltage 0÷10V/12A:
selector “c0d” to position “d” and control knob to 0%.
Set the ammeter and the voltmeter of the measurement module DL 10282 for alternating
current measurements.
Set the step connector of the capacitive load C of the module DL 10283 to position “0”
(maximum counter clockwise rotation).
Activate the supple module and adjust the current value in the main winding U1-U6 at about
5A.
Connect the magnetic probe in correspondence of the machine axis and explore the magnetic
field.
The gimbal has to be kept parallel to the support, by using adhesive tape or other things, to
avoid movements.
Connect now the auxiliary phase by connecting in sequence the capacitances C1=90uF
(connector to “1”), C12= 160uF (connector “1-2”) and therefore C123=240uF (connector to
“1-2-3”): the small magnet is now stimulated and it turn in a certain rotation sense and it goes
o rotating even if the auxiliary phase is disconnected.
3
After having reset the current, exchange the connection of the auxiliary phase (connect V6 to
U6 and C to U1).
Repeat the previous operations and verify the small magnet turns now in the opposite sense
as regards the previous one.
Findings and Conclusion:
- Experiment, illustrated in Diagram 7.2: Single-phase rotating field, the interaction of

two pulsating fields generated a single-phase rotating magnetic field by employing
out-of-phase currents in two coils, affirming the practicality of single-phase motor
operation. Notably, the controllability of the system was demonstrated by reversing
the rotation direction of the single-phase field through the alteration of the auxiliary
phase connection. Additionally, we found that the motor's speed exhibited a direct
correlation with the capacitance in the auxiliary phase, with higher capacitance leads
to an increase in the strength of the rotating magnetic field, resulting in a higher
rotation speed. This experiment successfully showcased the production and reversal
of a single-phase rotating magnetic field, utilizing a three-phase winding system and a
capacitor, validating the theoretical concept that a capacitor can induce a phase
difference between currents in two motor windings. Overall, our findings contribute
valuable insights into the effective production and performance characteristics of
single-phase motors.
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Synchronous Machine Experiment

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EE325 – Electrical Machines 2

Diagram 7.2: Single-phase rotating field

Findings and Conclusion:

- A three-phase motor operates by creating a rotating magnetic field in its rotor

Experiment 7.2: Single Phase Rotating Field

Findings and Conclusion:

- Experiment, illustrated in Diagram 7.2: Single-phase rotating field, the interaction of

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