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Notes Rhombus vs. Square

The document discusses properties and theorems regarding rhombuses and squares. It defines a rhombus as a quadrilateral with four equal sides and states two theorems: 1) the diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular and 2) the diagonals bisect opposite angles. It also defines a square as a special type of rhombus and parallelogram with four equal sides and right angles. The document provides examples to demonstrate using these theorems to solve problems involving finding missing angle measures or side lengths of rhombuses and squares.

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38 views3 pages

Notes Rhombus vs. Square

The document discusses properties and theorems regarding rhombuses and squares. It defines a rhombus as a quadrilateral with four equal sides and states two theorems: 1) the diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular and 2) the diagonals bisect opposite angles. It also defines a square as a special type of rhombus and parallelogram with four equal sides and right angles. The document provides examples to demonstrate using these theorems to solve problems involving finding missing angle measures or side lengths of rhombuses and squares.

Uploaded by

rvnsj28
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rhombus vs.

Square

Proving the theorems of Rhombus

Theorem 3. The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular.


F R
1. Given: Rhombus FREN
̅̅̅̅ ⊥ 𝑅𝑁
Prove: 𝐹𝐸 ̅̅̅̅
D
Proof: N E
Statement Reasons
1. Rhombus FREN 1. Given
2. ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝑅 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐸 2. Definition of Rhombus
3. 𝐹𝐸 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ 𝑅𝑁 bisects each other 3. The diagonals of a parallelogram bisects
each other.
4. D is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝐸 4. ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝐸 bisects ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝑁 at D.
5. ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝐷 ≅ ̅̅̅̅𝐷𝐸 5. Definition of Midpoint
6. ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐷 ≅ ̅̅̅̅𝐷𝑅 6. Reflexive Property
7. △FDR ≅ △EDR 7. SSS Congruence Postulate
8. ∠FDR ≅ ∠EDR 8. CPCTC
9. ∠FDR and ∠EDR are right angles 9. Definition of Linear Pair
10. ∴ 𝐹𝐸̅̅̅̅ ⊥ 𝑅𝑁
̅̅̅̅ 10. Perpendicular lines meet to form right
angles.

Theorem 4. The diagonals of a rhombus bisect opposite angles.

2. Given: FREN is a Rhombus F 3 R


4
Prove: ∠1 ≅ ∠2, ∠3 ≅ ∠4
1 D
Proof: 2
N E
Statements Reasons
1. FREN is a Rhombus 1. Given

̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐹𝑅
2. 𝐹𝑁 ̅̅̅̅; ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐸 ≅ 𝐸𝑁 2. Definition on Rhombus
̅̅̅̅
3. 𝑁𝑅 ≅ 𝑅𝑁̅̅̅̅ 3. Reflexive Property
4. △NFR ≅ △REN 4. SSS Congruence Postulate
5. ∴ ∠1 ≅ ∠2, ∠3 ≅ ∠4 5. CPCTC

Rhombus - is a quadrilateral whose four sides all have the same length.

Properties of a Rhombus:
✓ All four sides are congruent
✓ Opposite sides are parallel
✓ Opposite angles are congruent
✓ Consecutive angles are supplementary
✓ Diagonals bisect each other and are perpendicular
✓ Each diagonal bisects a pair of opposite angles.
✓ Each diagonal separates the rhombus into two congruent triangles.
✓ Diagonals are NOT congruent.
Theorems of Rhombus
Theorem 3. The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular.
Theorem 4. The diagonals of a rhombus bisect opposite angles.

What is the most special kind among all parallelogram?


Square – is the most special parallelogram because all the properties of parallelogram and the theorems on rectangle and
rhombuses are true to all squares.

Properties of a Square:

✓ All four sides are congruent


✓ All angles are right angles
✓ Opposite sides are parallel and congruent
✓ Opposite angles are congruent and supplementary
✓ Consecutive angles are supplementary and congruent
✓ Diagonals bisect each other and are perpendicular and congruent
✓ Each diagonal separates the square into two congruent triangles.
PRACTICE EXERCISES

Instruction: Using the theorem, solve the following:

I. FREN is a Rhombus. Find the missing value using the given information.
̅̅̅̅ = 20 cm, find 𝑁𝐷
1. If 𝑅𝑁 ̅̅̅̅
2
2. If m∠NDE = x + 65°, find x.
3. If m∠1 = 33°, find the measure of the
other numbered angles.

II. BEST is a square with midpoint E. Find the missing value using the given information.

𝑌𝐸 = x+5 and ̅̅̅̅


1. If ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ .
𝐵𝑆= x+25, find 𝑇𝐸
2. If m∠SYT = 4x+10, find the value of x.

Answer key:

I.

1. Since the rhombus is a parallelogram, its diagonals bisect each other.


̅̅̅̅ = 20 cm
Thus, If 𝑅𝑁
1
̅̅̅̅ = 𝑅𝑁
𝑁𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
2
1
̅̅̅̅ = (20)
𝑁𝐷
2
̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝐷 = 10cm
2. The diagonals of a Rhombus are perpendicular, thus ∠NDE is a right triangle.
m∠NDE = 90° (Definition of right triangle)
x2 + 65° = 90°
x2 = 25°
x = ±5
3. Since each diagonal of a rhombus bisects opposite angles therefore,
m∠1 = m∠2 as well as m∠3 and m∠4
Thus, if m∠1=33°
a. m∠2 = 33°
b. m∠3 = 33°
c. m∠4 = 33°
d. Since the diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular, therefore m∠5 = 90°
e. Since m∠1+ m∠5 + m∠6 = 180°
m∠6 = 180° - m∠1 - m∠5
m∠6 = 180° - 33° - 90°
m∠6 = 57°
Similarly, m∠6 = m∠7 as well as m∠8 and m∠9.
f. m∠7 = 57°
g. m∠8 = 57°
h. m∠9 = 57°

II.
̅̅̅̅ = ̅̅̅̅
1. 𝑇𝐸 𝐵𝑆
̅̅̅̅ = 2𝑌𝐸
𝑇𝐸 ̅̅̅̅
x+25 = 2(x+5)
x+25 = 2x+10
25-10 = 2x-x
x = 15
Therefore, 𝑇𝐸 ̅̅̅̅ = x+25
̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐸 = 40
2. Since 𝑇𝐸 ̅̅̅̅ ⊥ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑆, then m∠SYT is a right angle
m∠SYT = 90
4x + 10 = 90
4x = 80
x = 20
ASSIGNMENT ANSWER KEY

I. True or False. Read the statements carefully and identify if it is true or false. (2points each)

1. The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular. True

2. The diagonals of a rhombus bisect opposite sides. False

3. The diagonals of a rhombus are congruent and perpendicular. False

4. Diagonals of a square bisect each other and are perpendicular and congruent. True

5. Each diagonal of square separates the square into two congruent triangles. True

II. Solve the following. (Show solution)

1. CARE is a rhombus. Find the measures of the following if m∠CAR = 96°


a. m∠CEA = 48°
b. m∠ACE = 84°
c. m∠ECR = 42°
d. m∠CRE = m∠ECR = 42°
2 3
2. a. Find the measure of each numbered angle in the rhombus. 4
72°
m∠1 = 54° 1 5
m∠2 = 54°

m∠3 = 54°

m∠4 = 72°

m∠5 = 54°

3. JUST is a square and Y is the midpoint of diagonals. Find the missing value using the given information.
a. If 𝑌𝑈 ̅ = x+30 cm, find 𝑇𝑈
̅̅̅̅ = 2x+15 cm and 𝐽𝑆 ̅̅̅̅. 30cm
b. If m∠SYT = 2x+38°, find the value of x. x=26

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