Introduction To Yoga
Introduction To Yoga
Introduction To Yoga
Chapter – I Introduction
Objectives
Chapter –II Review of the literature
Literature Survey
The health benefits of yoga
Needs of the Yoga & Meditation
Problem Statement
Approach
Limitations
Chapter –III Methodology Stage
Methodology Stage
Sample collection
Research Questions and Research Design
Participants, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes
Reducing Stress
Classifications
Focused and open methods
Technique
Chapter –IV Analysis of Data
Analysis of Data
Search Strategy and Data Sources
New Age
Guided meditation
Chapter –V
Finding,
Summary
Conclusion,
References
Chapter – I
Introduction
Introduction
Yoga is applicable to human beings of all ages and helps to reduce the
load on heart. More and more human beings expect to have their health
improved, their bad emotions and ill temper eliminated, and their mental,
physical and social adaptability improved through Yoga. Men may be
mentally and physically regulated by practicing Yoga to be adapted to the
society better and have their work and quality of life improved.
Yoga is the oldest way for strengthening bodies and the most fashionable
way for body building, which focuses on “combining healthy spirit with
healthy bodies” so that we may be physically and mentally harmonious.
In addition, Yoga helps us to pick up the quality of keeping calm and
objective, the attitude of taking things as they are, sturdiness and
gracefulness so that you may get the joy and happiness of life. Yoga is to
reach proper positions in a comfortable way stably by moving slowly,
flexibly at ease to be stretched to the maximum extent by consuming the
least energy. Yoga consists of a lot of postures, about 20-30 in practice.
For Yoga, the harmony depends on your concentration on your practice
instead of your nice posture.
Everyone may practice Yoga and may get into a good condition through
different postures. Yoga is characterized in that those who practice Yoga
may enjoy the process both physically and mentally, and is good for
bodies, minds, spirit, emotions and so on. According to medical
explanation, Yoga is good because it may balance nervous system and
endocrine system of human bodies, thus exerting influence on other
systems and reaching a balance as a whole. auty in appearance instead of
the inner most being. By contrast, while Yoga shapes you, it may also
provide you with internal power. After a period of Yoga exercise, you
will be surprised to find that your innermost being has been changed. You
will not torture yourself for the purpose of losing weight and you will be
beautiful because you are happy, thus being physically and mentally
trained without any auxiliary body building instruments or tools.
Neither yoga is like other body building sports that are limited by the
field such as ball, swimming and so on. You shall not just spend some
time on practicing asana or meditation, instead, the 2concept of Yoga
shall be reflected throughout your life. For instance, you shall select
natural environment for living, bland diet, relaxing music, become
outgoing and calm. Yoga is never like general body building sports and
advocates the life philosophy of “harmony of body and mind” (Figure 1).
Besides bringing physical harmony and health in all aspects to human
beings, Yoga also helps human beings to be dedicated, calm, objective,
cultivate our morality, and to become both physically and mentally
healthy, which is the greatest advantage of Yoga that other sports do not
have.
Prisons are not places of retreat and enjoyment and it is highly likely of
any prisoner to go into depression, anger and frustration during
confinement and not much social life. Prison can have far reaching
implications for on one‟s psychological and overall physical working.
Further, heightened levels of distress, aggression and anti-social behavior
is significantly observed among prisoners (Haney, 2002; Hawkins, 2003).
Stress management has to be dealt with through intervention of different
stress management approaches. Within India, not much emphasis is given
on the stress management programs, and thus it becomes all the more
important to understand the importance of stress management tools with
specific reference to yoga and meditation.
Objectives
Wu et. al [2] opines that Yoga exercise could promote our physical health
and improve the feeling of happiness, so it is becoming more and more
popular and the establishment of Yoga learning and self-instruction
expert system has great significance for the popularization and spread of
Yoga. In the research, the author analyses the Yoga training knowledge is
analysed using POAD expert system model, Yoga learning and self-
instruction expert system is established taking Yoga training technique
problem as framework, the definitions of MP4 objects in Yoga
knowledge are given, system operation mechanism is designed
accustomed to Yoga training, and Yoga learning and self-instruction
expert system Yoga Expert is developed. Baglio et. al [3] in their work
studied the spatial power distribution in Magnetoencepbnlography
(MEG) data collected in a subject performing two different yoga
breathing exercises specific for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive
disorder. They reconstructed, in relation with all the frequency
components, a characteristic spatial structure of power distribution using
the correlation function for both the recordings. through the power
spectral analysis, the characterization of the gammaband activity was
carried out on allowing to underline the differences due to the activities of
different phases of the same protocol and the effects of performing
different breathings exercises. Howorka et. al in their work suggested that
Experience with frequency domain analysis of the heart rate variability
represents an effective non-invasive tool for cardiac risk stratification and
assessment of autonomic function e.g. in diabetes and hypertension, in
both the experimental and clinical settings. The method proposed could
be used to assess the acute influence of yoga and short-time moderate
exercise on the autonomic cardiac regulation. They demonstrated the
immediate decrease of sympathetic and increase of parasympathetic
activity after yoga. Yunhai et. Al studied the complexity of heartbeat
dynamics during specific traditional forms of Chinese Chi and Kundalini
Yoga meditation in healthy young adults. The technique based on the
algorithm of permutation entropy to heartbeat interval time series was
analysed.
The aim of the present research was to study the effects of surya
namaskar on R-dispositions among college students with high stress.
Participants eligible for the study, that is, high on stress symptoms were
randomly assigned to surya namaskar and control group. Differences on
various R-dispositions and stress dispositions were studied. The mean
differences for the subscales indicate that sleepiness and stress reduced as
a disposition and there was an increase in physical relaxation, mental
quietness, ease and peace, being refreshed, strength and awareness, and
joy. The observed effects on the above stated R-dispositions can be
attributed to components of surya namaskar. It is clear that a 2 weeks
program helps participants to reach the state of a quiet mind at a
dispositional level. Woodard in their work says that yoga is rapidly
emerging in the Western world as a discipline for integrating the mind
and body into union and harmony. when adopted as a way of life, yoga
improves physical, mental, intellectual and spiritual health. Yoga offers
an effective method of managing and reducing stress, anxiety and
depression and numerous studies demonstrate the efficacy of yoga on
mood related disorders. Jagannathan et al. describes the development of a
yoga program aimed to reduce burden and improve coping of family care
givers of inpatients with schizophrenia in India. This study was one of the
first studies to use a sound methodology of inductive enquiry model for
the development of a need-based yoga program for caregivers of in-
patients with schizophrenia in India. The findings were highly indicative
and future studies could test the efficacy of the program with a larger
quantitative sample to reconfirm its validity. Ramanathan et al. undertook
a study to evaluate the effectiveness of yoga on the mental health status
of elderly women inmates residing in a hospice in Pondicherry. The
influence of yoga in the reduction of depression and anxiety scores and
improvement in self-esteem scores in elderly women subjects was evident
from this study.
Yoga is a mental , spiritual and physical practice that helps one attain
inner peace. In today’s hectic world, more and more people are becoming
health conscious. In recent years Yoga has gained immense popularity
not only in India but also abroad. Today, people can choose to either
learn Yoga or pursue a career in Yoga. A Yoga instructor can be one of
the most rewarding careers. This job falls under the broader career
category of Aerobics Instructors and fitness Trainers Realising the
holistic benefits of Yoga , more and more private companies , schools ,
hospitals, fitness canters etc are hiring yoga instructors. Also , the
Government aims at creating numerous vacancies for Yoga trainers in the
coming years. Yoga not only relaxes an individual but also keeps the
human body fit. Apart from physical fitness, yoga is also beneficial for
reducing respiratory disorders , hypertensions , and helps in the
management of diseases like diabetes , depression , stress etc. Being a
yoga teacher gives one the benefit of taking his/her career wherever
he/she travels. However, having that , being a Yoga teacher is not easy.
One needs to be patient and dedicated , have perseverance, and needs a
lot of practice. There is rise in need of Yoga teacher / instructors, and
opting for Yoga as a career can be a great option as it is less stressful and
can promise a decent salary. A Yoga instructor has the option of working
in gyms, health clubs , and schools or can choose to run their own Yoga
center. Furthermore , apart from teaching , there is also the scope of yoga
in fields like management academics, consultation , research and
hospitals to name a few
Problem Statement
Approach
Limitations
Whilst risk of bias was not associated with effect size, this might be due
to low power to detect such a difference. Due to the high risk of bias in
most studies, it is difficult to determine the true value of these approaches
and more rigorous research is clearly needed to assess for improving
mental health in tertiary education. Whilst the quality of studies across
behavioral interventions is low, we note that there are specific elements to
meditation, yoga and mindfulness interventions that warrant
improvement. We found that intervention effects diminished when
compared to active control, which implies that non-specific intervention
elements such as peer-support, or activity scheduling, might have driven
our results.
Methodology Stage
Methodology Stage
Sample collection
This study explores the lived experience of yoga practitioners and their
search for the true self. The following questions arose, as result of the
gaps in the literature:
Participants, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes
Reducing Stress
Cardiovascular Endurance
Pulmonary function
Asthma Studies
Matko and Sedlmeier (2019) "call into question the common division into
“focused attention” and “open-monitoring” practices." They argue for
"two orthogonal dimensions along which meditation techniques could be
classified," namely "activation" and "amount of body orientation,"
proposing seven clusters of techniques: "mindful observation, body-
centered meditation, visual concentration, contemplation, affect-centered
meditation, mantra meditation, and meditation with movement."
Asana
Frequency
Using a narrative
Analysis of Data
Analysis of Data
The collected brain activity map and EEG signals are analysed by
converting the analog data into digital format. The data obtained here will
be a single valued data with the time stamp. The EEG data is analysed
with the help of a neurologist and cognitive behaviour of a person is
studied with the help of a psychologist. The digitalized EEG data is
assessed and analysed using a method called one-way ANOVA (Analysis
of Variance). Along with this, the responses an individua gives for the
selfadministered questionnaire is also analysed by Spielberger’s State-
Trait Anger Expression. The data analysed is kept as training set and the
subject is made to undergo yoga therapy or meditation therapy for a
continuous period. During this again the procedure is repeated so as to
analyse the changes happening in the individual.
Guided meditation
Because of the different combinations used under the one term, it can be
difficult to attribute positive or negative outcomes to any of the various
techniques. Furthermore, the term is frequently used interchangeably with
"guided imagery" and sometimes with "creative visualization" in popular
psychology and self-help literature. It is less commonly used in scholarly
and scientific publications. Consequently, guided meditation cannot be
understood as a single technique but rather multiple techniques that are
integral to its practice.
Psychotherapy
The EEG signals and brain activity map is again collected from the
subjects while performing yoga/pranayama which serves us as the test
data. After the stipulated time again, the individual is tested for the EEG
regularly to analyze the changes in the health of a person. The result from
EEG and questionnaire is analyzed by combining them and the
transformation in reducing anger, anxiety and tension that has been
observed in an individual is exhibited.
Development of intelligent system
Yoga meditation is done without moving the body. When you do this
mindful practice, you will get into position, either sitting or lying down
peacefully, letting thoughts and feelings pass without judging them. You
keep your eyes closed and your palms facing upward to the sky.
World
Body
Next, after making peace with the world and exploring your senses,
explore the body internally through a variety of methods of inner
surveying.
(more on methods of surveying)
Mind
Next, after exploring the world, senses, body, and breath, you
begin to allow the conscious mind to still itself.
First, be aware of the process of mind, while continuing to focus on
the breath at the nostrils. Become a witness to the inner functioning
of the mind. (more on functions of mind)
Allow the streams of thoughts to flow naturally, without
interruption, yet remaining focused. (more on inviting thoughts)
Silence
Breath
Next, after exploring the world, senses, and body, allow your
breath to be smooth, slow, calm and serene through a variety of
energizing, balancing and centering breath practices. (more on
breath techniques)
Explore the breath as if you are really curious, as if you are a
professional interior researcher.
First, be aware of breath at the diaphragm, eliminating jerks and
pauses, and making breath steady, smooth, and comfortably slow.
Then, do invigorating breathing practices, pranayama, along with
locks, within your comfortable capacity.
Then, breath as though exhaling down from the top of the head to
the base of the spine. Inhale as though inhaling up from the base of
the spine to the top of the head.
Conclusion
People are looking out in positive way of living by keeping their health
in a good condition. To improve breathing and relax. People tend to use
they logic way of exercising which provides away to overcome every
health issue in a natural way by strengthening the immune system. The
technology has improved drastically, and everything can be found using
means of technology. In this paper we have given an overview of how
yoga and technology can be brought together, an idea to produce an
interactive system to help people control their emotions using yoga and
get the best out of them.
References