Reservoir

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A reservoir is an artificial lake where water is stored.

Most
reservoirs are formed by constructing dams across rivers. A
reservoir can also be formed from a natural lake whose outlet
has been dammed to control the water level. The dam controls
the amount of water that flows out of the reservoir.

Service reservoirs are entirely man made and do not rely on


damming a river or lake. These reservoirs, sometimes
called cisterns, hold clean water. Cisterns can be dug in
underground caverns or elevated high above ground in
a water tower.
People build reservoirs because the amount of water in a river varies
over time. During very rainy times or when mountain snow is
melting, the water in a river rises and sometimes overflows its banks.
By limiting the amount of water allowed to continue downriver,
reservoirs help control flooding.

Whilst reservoirs are helpful to humans, they can also be harmful as


well. One negative effect is that the reservoirs can become breeding
grounds for disease vectors.

During droughts, or extended dry periods, the water level in a river


may be very low. Under these conditions, more water is released from
the reservoir so farmers can water their crops and homes and
businesses can function normally.

Reservoirs serve other purposes. They are used for boating, fishing,
and other forms of recreation. Some of the dams that create reservoirs
are used to generate electricity.
Reservoirs provide flood prevention, inexpensive and no-emissions
hydroelectric power, a water supply for drinking and irrigation and
new recreational opportunities for boaters, fishers and swimmers

Reservoirs those from behind the constructed dams are vital


because they provide enough water for consumption while the
excess water can be used for agricultural purposes. It is
important to highlight that majority of the dams and reservoirs
constructed around the world have been providing sufficient
electricity and water for consumption and agricultural
purposes for people living in the cities. It is therefore
important to highlight that, despite both dams and reservoirs
being controversial projects, they have significant impacts on
the economic conditions of a region.

The water in reservoirs is very still. Because of this, bits


of sand, rock, dirt, and other material, called sediment, sink to the
bottom, leaving the water quite clear. But over time, this sediment
builds up, greatly reducing the total amount of water in the reservoir.

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