Formula c1 Teachers Book
Formula c1 Teachers Book
Formula c1 Teachers Book
ru
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Formula 3
The C1 Advanced level 3
The principles and methodology 3
Course components 4—5
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INTRODUCTION
C1 ADVANCED
C1
ADVANCED
fatigue’. Each level of the Coursebook is organised around
a general theme — for C1 Advanced, the theme is numbers
C1 C1
d enjoyable route to Cambridge exam success. Using Pearson’s trusted FORMULA is the flexible, unique and enjoyable route to Cambridge exam success. Using Pearson’s trusted
dependently for short and intensive preparation or in combination components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital
own FORMULA for exam success. ADVANCED
learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. ADVANCED
management and mindfulness for exams • Exam Trainer Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources
and App
and App
* available with and without key
* available with and without key
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COURSE COMPONENTS
• Eight units with each lesson covering one 3 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 7 Gapped text
EXAM FILE p15
3
part of each paper from the Cambridge 1 Some people say that ‘Good things come in threes.’
In pairs, discuss how true you think this is and give
examples.
EXAM BOOST p14
C1 Advanced exam and with an exam 2 3.3 Listen to the beginning of a talk. The speaker uses
sets of three ideas to exemplify what she talks about.
What are they?
4 Read the article about the Rule of Three, ignoring the
gaps, and discuss what might be included in the missing
paragraphs.
•
5 Read the article again. Six paragraphs have been
A fold-out Exam file booklet in the back There will be content and language links between different
sentences and paragraphs to establish coherence and guide
the reader through a text.
removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs
A–G the one which fits each gap (1–6). There is one extra
paragraph which you do not need to use.
performance.
sentences or paragraphs to avoid repetition: an effective such messages would be forgotten or ignored. Our brains If you look at the structure of my last sentence, you’ll see an example How often have you seen a similar reaction on the
presentation = a talk which achieves its aim have to work harder to remember more than three items of what is called ‘The Rule of Three’, and it’s related to the way our faces of audiences at talks? An awareness of the
and if there’s no real need, they won’t! Of course, if we brains instinctively search for patterns, three being the smallest Rule of Three is vital for a successful speechmaker
4 Ideas can be expanded or exemplified in following
number necessary to form one. It’s a combination of brevity and to maintain interest. Politicians are masters. A prime
•
sentences or paragraphs: knowledge is key = read up have to process longer lists, we can, but it takes a lot
of detailed grammar and language 3 Read the Exam focus and look at the highlighted sections added a fourth!
multiple aspects of our lives including how we approach 2
in paragraph B below. Find the words and/or phrases persuasion, how we react to storytelling and how we 5
these sections relate to in paragraph A. interact with others on a daily basis. Viewing them all through my new ‘rule of three’ mind frame it became
clear that the product claims were grouped cleverly, to achieve Something else I also use in talks is humour, and
A It is vital for public speakers to be aware that the maximum persuasive effect. This cereal bar will tickle your taste oddly this also often follows the Rule of Three.
introduction of closed-door offices. I phrased it thus:
buds, keep your energy boosted and can be eaten on the go! Have Comedians traditionally set up a punch line by using
effectiveness of the message they are conveying ‘These mean that employees benefit from increased
one on the train, as a snack at work or add to your packed lunch. two elements to build expectation and then thwart this
in their talk is not restricted to their words alone, but in privacy, better conditions for concentration and [pause
Three promises, three situations, three linguistic bullets to the brain expectation with a twist. If presenters do the same
•
stands in the same position and looks down all the time. E With this in mind I decided to note down sets of three in
B In contrast, one who makes eye contact with commute. In just one hour I was exposed to a whole range
make life or death choices in dangerous situations. Their survival was Three is definitely the magic number and its effect is
their audience and uses notes as a guide and of subtle tecāiques – on TV, on social media and on public
dependent on making the right choice, but an overload of options felt from the cradle. Can you imagine a fairytale where
transport. And without thinking, I’ve just done that very
•
about giving a presentation in class or
each Writing part, as well as extra help Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 28-29 13/10/2020 16:37
and practice.
• Each exam part lesson links to the Exam Trainer component for more focused
skills and strategies building in that same exam part.
• Access to Digital resources, including course audio and video, as well as the
Pearson Practice English App and the Coursebook Interactive eBook.
In Reading and Use of English Part 7 you read one long You have to decide which of the seven paragraphs fits Using content clues
text which has six gaps in it. each of the six gaps. To decide whether a sentence fits a gap, you need to understand how a long text is organised. Ways of
Advanced Coursebook.
The missing paragraphs that fill these gaps are written To do the task, you need to understand the flow of a text, linking sections of text include the use of pronouns, linkers and other discourse markers, paraphrases in
below the text, but not in the correct order. and understand how sentences refer back to earlier ideas in adjacent paragraphs and the addition of examples and other means of expanding on ideas.
There is also a seventh paragraph which does not fit any of the paragraph or text, and forward to ideas which follow.
the gaps in the text – this is called a distractor. Each question is worth two marks. 1 Look at the bold phrases in the second part of each 2 Look at the words in bold in the extracts again.
A The need for one arises not only from recent b places?
TIP: Some pronouns and reference words can refer
through each paper and part, from one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. in order to avoid sharing it.
B While this is all very admirable, there’s much talk
1 5
The new rules of dining out within the restaurant trade of the need to bring in
After four hours walking in torrential rain, I wouldn’t It’s fairly safe to say that most people have little idea of
Speaking Part 4.
there are still ways in which we can behave for the But I undoubtedly will. I tend to have the same People in certain societies, however, instinctively
courtesy, leading increasingly to restaurants
good not just of our fellow diners, but also restaurant thought during any difficult moment while I’m away. know their orientation in relation to the points of the
demanding credit card details when booking and
staff and the venues we love. compass, even in rooms without windows.
charging if prospective diners fail to appear without
With most restaurants facing tough trading conditions,
•
explanation. It is not personal. It is survival.
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Course components
FOR TEACHERS
• Teaching notes with a wealth of additional 1 ONE
and alternative classroom ideas, including OPENER p5 3 Put students into pairs or small groups to discuss the
ways space travel has affected life on Earth. Circulate to
Fast finishers
Ask fast finishers to write two new sentences for the
listen and contribute to discussions. Students share their
treatment of tasks.
a class. Ask why the things mentioned have become useful Ask students to write three sentences about themselves
• Part 5 Multiple Choice pair. Tell students that ONE is the title of the first unit.
using three of the phrasal verbs from the lesson. They
for us.
• Topic: Travelling solo Give students a few minutes to discuss in pairs what can either be true or made up, including at least one
topics related to the word ONE might come up in Answers of each. Their partner must guess which are true and
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary
•
the unit. Ask for their ideas as a class and ask them to
exam tasks. Listening VOCABULARY: Phrasal verbs the reporter used in the first extract to quote Armstrong
(came out with). Elicit that this is a phrasal verb. Students
• Part 1 Multiple Choice 1 Ask students to look at the picture and elicit what they complete the task individually and then check with a
• Topic: Fake news
•
know about the Moon landing, and what the quote means. partner. Play the recording again for them to check. You
‘How to’ sections giving advice on using the Reading and Use of English — Grammar
• Part 2 Open Cloze
• Language focus: Perfect and continuous tenses
Discuss the questions as a class and note any interesting
ideas on the board.
Answers
may wish to pause the recording after the examples of each
phrasal verb.
Answers
the back of the book to help you and your • Unit 1 Language test for dyslexic students
• Unit 1 Photocopiable activities
• Unit 1 Grammar presentation
• What did Armstrong actually say? (one small step
for a man)
• How does this change the significance? (the more
5
6
devote themselves to
springing up/to spring up (also possible: catching on)
Digital resources
• Teaching notes for the Exam Trainer.
• Detailed grammar PowerPoint presentations
for use with each unit’s grammar points.
• Four photocopiable worksheets (two for
Vocabulary and two for Grammar) per
Coursebook unit, with full teaching notes and
answer key.
• Coursebook and Exam Trainer audio.
• Extensive test package to use throughout the
course, including Diagnostic, Unit, Progress
and End of level tests.
• Dyslexia-friendly versions of each test.
• Both the standard and dyslexia-friendly
versions of the test package available as
editable Word documents or ready-to-print
PDFs.
• Two full practice exams.
• Answer keys and audio files.
Presentation tool
• Front-of-class teacher’s tool with fully
interactive version of the Coursebook
(including the practice activities from the
Grammar file, the Vocabulary file and the
Exam file).
• Static activities from the Exam Trainer with
embedded audio and answer key.
• The Coursebook is interleaved with the
relevant sections of the Exam Trainer
for an easy back-and-forth between the
components.
• Provides a planning mode, including
teaching notes, as well as a teaching mode.
• Provides time-coded scripts for audio
embedded in the activities.
• Easy navigation via either the book page or
lesson flow.
• Score and timer tools for teacher-led activities.
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HOW THE COURSEBOOK WORKS
Writing.
which you do not need to use.
one small step for man,
That’s
one giant leap for mankind. While many have 1 into protecting our
1 Why do you think this line from the first Moon landing is so planet and making the way we live more sustainable,
famous? What do you know about the first Moon landing? some scientists say it’s inevitable that one day far in the
future, we’ll have to move to another planet.
2 1.1 Listen to an extract from a news report. What does We’ve 2 from wondering about how
the reporter say about Armstrong’s words after the first to build structures and keep ourselves alive in space,
Moon landing? to thinking about actual life in space. How would things
like creative pursuits work without gravity?
3 How has space travel affected life on Earth since the first
Moon landing? The Space Exploration Initiative 3
Each unit starts with an Opener 4 1.2 Listen to the rest of the news report. How many
of your ideas from Ex 3 does the reporter mention?
the idea of zero-gravity experiments to see how we’d
cope with the challenges. So far, the programme has
recruited people who work in fields not traditionally
vocabulary.
7 put something, what would it be?
8 spring
The six core lessons in each unit are based on a part from The texts for Reading and Use of English
one of the Cambridge C1 Advanced exam papers. There Parts 5, 6, 7 and 8 have been recorded to offer
is an introduction via either listening or speaking with a additional support to dyslexic students. These
partner before focusing in on the exam part and the skills recordings are indicated in the teaching notes.
required to complete it successfully.
1 Complete the travel survey. Then discuss your answers. EXAM BOOST p10 Speaking or writing
WHEN PLANNING YOUR HOLIDAY, HOW IMPORTANT IS Complete Exam file SECTION A on page 10. 7 Discuss the questions. 8 Write the itinerary for a solo travel experience of seven
the weather of the it to consider the days to your country or area. Give:
1 What does the blog tell us about how the writer’s attitude
destination? environment? 5 You are going to read an article about a solo traveller. to solo travelling changed? • reasons for your choice of accommodation, visits,
having the opportunity the choice of travel Why did the writer end up travelling solo and how did
to relax? company? 2 What would you say are the main advantages and transport, etc.
the trip go?
disadvantages of doing other things alone? • advice about what to avoid.
2 1.4 Listen to one person’s response to one of the
EXAM TASK
questions in the survey and answer the questions below.
GO ON. GO SOLO.
I had ventured out of my comfort zone
1 Which different types of holiday does the speaker mention? 6 Read the article again. For questions 1–6, choose and survived.
2 What reasons does she give for going on different the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best With that confidence I never looked back.
holidays with different people? according to the text. It was bravado at first, born of a desire to lacking the confidence to organise the It was empowering to realise that I was
1 How did the writer feel about her friends’ decision put my friends’ backs up. In retrospect, whole trip myself. I booked on a group tour no longer dependent on the availability or
3 Do you agree with her final comment?
I don’t believe there was any real intention for solos, relying on the travel company to preferences of friends, and I became ever
about their planned holiday?
3 Read a comment on a travel site. Why was the trip a disaster? of following through on my decision, organise accommodation, meals, guides more adventurous. Inevitably there have
A reluctant to go without her friends
but there again, perhaps it was my and any transfers necessary. All I had to been the mistakes; getting stung by taxi
B annoyed by their change in attitude subconscious talking when I announced do was get myself to the starting point drivers when I didn’t know the language
Weeks of planning and anticipation and then what happens? C dismissive of their concerns about the proposed that I would do the trip solo. I was feeling of the trip and dutifully read up on all the well; having to ditch half my clothes
The dream road trip with a college friend proves to be a step holiday let down. A lot of time and energy had gone advice about preparation. Like, wearing because I couldn’t carry my backpack and
too far for friendship and ends up with the two of us travelling into discussing how best to profit from our in new walking boots beforehand and not more … But I’ve learnt from them. About
D appreciative of their honesty
in utter silence. It wasn’t as though we didn’t know each other hard-earned holiday, and I’d thought it was packing them in hold baggage, in case it staying safe, about reading people and
2 What contributed to the writer’s determination to
well, but he certainly showed a different side of his character settled. The three of us had been back and all got lost; everything being replaceable knowing who to trust. And knowing that
travel alone?
on the trip. He disagreed with every suggestion I made. If I forth over the destination, the timing, and apart from those boots! The website I found the only person you can totally rely on is
bought croissants for a makeshift breakfast after a night in the A a certainty that she had the courage to face the of course the cost, and all that remained was littered with similarly useful little tips yourself. There isn’t always someone there
tent, he’d go out to a pricey café. We didn’t quite come to challenge was to make the booking. At which point that a potential adventurous solo traveller to lift your luggage! And yes, there might be
blows but it was close – and I couldn’t wait for him to drop me B a fear of missing out on a great opportunity my two travelling companions got cold might hoard away for future reference. a few lonely times and no one there to relive
off at home. I really wished I’d gone on my own! C a desire to prove her friends wrong feet. Walking the Great Wall of China had My excitement grew. the memories with you on your return.
D a previous experience of a similar holiday sounded a fun challenge while it was still And then, at the airport, reality hit, and the But pitch all this against the freedom and
a dream, but when faced with the reality apprehension took over. I’d never travelled the independence, and there’s no contest!
3 The writer views the online advice given as they backed down and opted instead for a
EXAM FOCUS long-haul before or experienced that panic I am now a seasoned solo traveller.
A useful information when considering solo travelling. beach package on a Greek island. I couldn’t of possibly missing a connection. Struggling The stigma that used to be attached to people
B necessary advice for members of a group tour. believe it. My reaction was a grumpy ‘Well, to find the right queue in a heaving, noisy travelling alone has gone. We are no longer
Understanding inference and implication C particularly valuable for people visiting China. I’ll go on my own!’ And I did. sea of passengers was daunting, and seen as people with no friends, or easy
A writer will often not say things directly in a text but will make D optional reading for the inexperienced traveller. I can’t say that I didn’t have second thoughts. the second, third and fourth thoughts targets for the unscrupulous. And although
implications. We might need to use synonyms, paraphrasing, Yes, I was apprehensive and the ‘what-ifs’ were coming thick and fast. Even when the more adventurous might choose to
4 In paragraph 3 we learn that the writer
exemplification and logic to interpret underlying meaning. crowded in the more I thought about it. successfully boarded on the final leg of the organise their own trips in far-flung places,
A had an ingrained fear of flying.
Text: The kitchen hygiene was quite disgusting and would never However, my friends’ conviction that I would journey, the apprehension didn’t subside. there are many other options out there;
B had regrets about her decision to go on this trip. back down and a weird sense of elation I scanned the other passengers, wondering travel operators are addressing this growing
have passed any type of inspection.
C was concerned about some of the other passengers. combined to boost my determination to see who might be in my group. Would we get trend and offer a wide range of holidays for
Implication: Customers risked getting ill after eating there. D caught the wrong connection at one airport. it through. And determined I was, although along? Was I going to regret the whole the individual traveller, from group camping
Text: Unfortunately, I disregarded the negative customer 5 The writer uses the example of being ‘stung by taxis’ to thing? The happy truth is that I had the tours in the Arctic to group luxury sunshine
comments; I assumed the writers had it in for the hotel. time of my life. Walking the Great Wall was breaks in the Caribbean.
A warn people against travelling solo in certain
as fascinating as I could possibly have I am very glad that my show of bravado
Implication: It was my own fault that we’d chosen a hotel that had countries.
imagined. And I made friends. I came back didn’t end up being just a ‘show’. It not only
a lot wrong with it. B describe an unavoidable occurrence when from that trip with promises to keep in opened my eyes to learning more
travelling. touch with a host of lovely, interesting about the world, but also to
C show how she has profited from experience. people. I savoured my achievement. learning more about myself and
4 Read the Exam focus. Choose which statements A–G are D indicate why people should speak other languages. I hope that some of you reading
implied in the comment in Ex 3. this might be encouraged to do
6 What point is the writer making in the final
A The writer had doubts about travelling with their friend paragraphs? the same.
before
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 5 the trip.
Multiple choice A Solo travellersREADING
need to be AND
aware USE OF ENGLISH – Part 5 Multiple choice
of their
B An experience like this tests the strength of a relationship. vulnerability.
ABOUT THE TASK C The trip was decided at the last minute. B Travelling soloStrategies andthan
is more rewarding skills
in organised
SPEAKING BOOST
TEACH
groups.
In Reading and Use of English Part 5, you read D The
a long travellersQuestions
text. had different opinions
can also anddetails
be about didn’tand
compromise.
ideas in the text, Understanding inference and implication Discuss or answer.
or the writer’s attitude, opinion or purpose. C More unusual travel experiences are the most
There are six multiple-choice questions with four
E options.
The writer thought their friend’s attitude was unreasonable. Some questions rely on working out implied meanings in the text:
exciting. 1 Would you ever eat in a restaurant by yourself?
You have to choose the correct options based on Some questions test implied meaning, your understanding meaning which is not directly stated, but is still clear to the reader.
F The travellersofused campwords
sites and
rather than hotels. Why? / Why not?
information in the text. unfamiliar expressions in context and the use D Attitudes to solo travellers have changed for
of examples, comparisons and reference words 2 If a solo traveller visited your country or region,
G The
The questions can be about the general meaning of the writer regrets their decision to go on this road trip.in the text. the better. 1 Read the short texts and choose the correct answers (A–D).
what would you recommend they do?
whole text, or paragraphs within it. Each question is worth two marks. How do you know?
p24
6 1 It was often difficult to stop Phil going on about how EXAM TRAINER 7
Understanding purpose and attitude p25 Ex 1
important his team’s contribution to the project was.
Practice task Questions often ask about the attitude of the writer.
TEST
24 25
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How the Coursebook works
1 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze LISTENING – Part 1 Multiple choice 1
References at the top of the lesson page to the Exam file booklet
EXAM FILE p3 EXAM FILE p29
VOCABULARY: Fixed phrases EXAM TASK 1 The photo shows the kind of thing that EXAM TASK
might happen on 1 April. What do you
1 What does the expression ‘one-hit wonder’
mean? What reasons do you think contribute
to only having one hit?
5 For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B,
C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). in the back of the Coursebook take you to a reference page which
know about this day? Do you find this
kind of joke funny?
4 1.8 You will hear three
different extracts. For questions
1–6, choose the answer (A, B or
students can fold out alongside the main unit pages. This provides
2 1.7 Listen to a psychologist talking
One-novel wonders
C) which fits best according to
2 1.5 Listen to someone who became an
about laughter and jokes. What role do
what you hear. There are two
overnight success by winning a TV talent they play in our lives?
questions for each extract.
1
1.6 Listen again and complete the
sentences containing fixed phrases.
I wasn’t convinced my singing would
by writer’s block, (2) that the public are expecting a follow-up to
hit the shelves almost immediately. This perceived pressure can result in
writers feeling (3) of repeating their success, sometimes leaving
opinion
tested. There is also a checklist which students can go through to
Speakers don’t always indicate that they’re
about to offer an opinion by using phrases
1 According to the woman, the spaghetti on trees story shown on TV
A made people who believed the story look silly.
B was not well received by some viewers.
2
the public’s attention.
It was the live final and I smashed it! I
definitely my expectations!
fans waiting decades for their next book.
But there are also writers who have no intention of putting pen to paper –
or fingers to keyboard – ever again after (4) their ambition to
ensure they are exam ready. (See pages 10—11 for more information
like ‘In my opinion’ or ‘I think’. You may
therefore have to listen for the gist of their
argument, and work out what the speaker
2
C should have been shown on a different programme.
The man thinks that April Fool’s Day
A helps us deal with unreleased energy.
EXAM REFERENCE
e make someone feel very interested 1 Complete the ficause
a It could xed phrases with words from
serious problems. Speaking or writing
4 come round D move from one place to another The questions may test your knowledge of:
in something 3 A helpless B unable C lacking D incapable
the box.
b It won’t be as good as you thought.
f without being affected or influenced 4 A attaining B realising C succeeding D performing
come under
5 5 Discuss the questions.
E happen • collocations, e.g. vitally important • precise meaning, e.g. Humans have evolved from
c As long as it’s fair. ape-like ancestors.
by something 5 A Albeit B Nonetheless C Regardless D Notwithstanding event light matter question
d It was supposed to be amusing. •
6 come up F seem to have particular qualities
How sceptical are you about what you read online? • fixed phrases, e.g. do your utmost
g be acceptable or convenient for a particular 6 A desire B aspire C inspire D require • 5 Have you everthe
Complete been taken in by
sentences fake
with news
the items?
correct Howofdid
form thethat make you feel? • phrasal verbs, e.g. read up on • linking words, e.g. Alternatively,
1 a e It would be embarrassing
of course to be fooled.
person or in a particular situation 7 A result B fancy C arise D happen phrasal verbs from Ex 4.
f It helps you deal with pressure. 6 Some people think fake news is harmful but others see it as a joke. Grammatical knowledge may be involved, too:
h do better than you hope to do 8 A coincides B occurs C equals D coordinates
2 in any
I’ve do
1 What gotyou
a cold . I don’t
think? Write your opinion, givingthink I’ll come
reasons, out
and then
3 in of
EXAM BOOST p28 this evening
compare afterwith
your ideas all. a partner. • what preposition follows a verb, e.g. be impressed by
EXAM BOOST p2 Speaking or writing 4 be a of 2 When I after the operation, I felt a bit
Complete Exam file SECTION A on page 2.
Complete Exam file SECTION A on
sick. How do you do it?
Go to page 92 for these exercises. 2 Match the fixed
page 28. phrases in Ex 1 with their
definitions (A–D). 3 Has your family from the USA for your BEFORE THE TASK
p7 brother’s wedding?
8 EXAM TRAINER p8 Exs 1–2 A If something is done or happens in
4 The same problems have been
EXAM TRAINER pp71–72
again
9 • Read the title and whole text quickly to get a general understanding of the content and how the text is organised.
consideration of the facts, it is done or
and again with this programme. • Don’t look at the options at this point.
happens because of those facts.
Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 8-9
B used to say that something will definitely 5 Jenna as a warm and genuine kind of 13/10/2020 16:36 • Look at the example given and think about why the answer is correct.
person.
happen or be true in spite of anything else DURING THE TASK
that may happen 6 I’ve a lot of pressure at work recently.
It’s been a stressful period. • Read the text again carefully, stopping at each gap and reading the four options.
C the correct and usual thing to do in a
particular situation
• If you think you know the answer, check your idea against the four options and choose the one that is closest.
•
The Exam boost refers students D used to say what the most important fact,
SECTION D Check the words before and after each gap. You are looking for clues such as words that are followed by
a particular preposition, or words that form part of a fixed phrase.
part, or feature of something is Easily confused words
You may have to choose between words which are similar in • If the gap includes linking words, make sure you read all the sentences around the gap.
enhance their performance on 3 Choose the word that does NOT collocate
with the adverb in each case.
it must be like to be in someone’s situation, whereas
someone’s problems.
is understanding and caring about
•
•
Read through the text again quickly with the words in place. Does it make sense? Can you see any mistakes?
Make sure you have chosen an answer for each gap. No marks are lost for incorrect answers, so make a
sensible guess.
2 Are you ready for Reading and Use of English Part 1? Identify an area to improve. 3
1 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze LISTENING – Part 1 Multiple choice 1
All audio tracks areEXAM FILE p3 EXAM FILE p29 Each lesson provides a
1 The photo shows the kind of thing that
VOCABULARY: Fixed phrases
clearly
EXAM TASK
identified via might happen on 1 April. What do you
know about this day? Do you find this
EXAM TASK
full exam task. These are
1 What does the expression ‘one-hit wonder’ 5 For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, 4 1.8 You will hear three
mean? What reasons do you think contribute
to only having one hit?
the listening icon.
C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). kind of joke funny? different extracts. For questions
1–6, choose the answer (A, B or
clearly indicated on the
2 1.7 Listen to a psychologist talking
One-novel
Full audioscriptswonders
are page and reflect the C1
C) which fits best according to
2 1.5 Listen to someone who became an
about laughter and jokes. What role do
what you hear. There are two
overnight success by winning a TV talent they play in our lives?
questions for each extract.
show. What happened in the year following
her win? Why didn’t she go on to have a available at the back
First-time novelists are often one-time novelists. They (0) B everyone’s
attention with a best-selling debut and shoot to literary fame – take EXAM FOCUS
Extract One
You hear two friends talking
Advanced exam layout.
successful singing career? The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, for example. Having (1)
2 It was the live final and I smashed it! I But there are also writers who have no intention of putting pen to paper – therefore have to listen for the gist of their 2 The man thinks that April Fool’s Day
definitely my expectations! or fingers to keyboard – ever again after (4) their ambition to argument, and work out what the speaker A helps us deal with unreleased energy.
become a published author. (5) of their success, these writers thinks from the whole of what they say. B reminds us to be cautious about the kind of joke we play.
3 I was definitely to my new
are often happy enough to have got their ‘own’ story out there but do not Listen out for synonyms and paraphrasing.
lifestyle! C provides us the opportunity to get revenge on others.
(6) to spending their lives writing. And then there are writers who The following parts of speech can signal
4 I really felt like I’d made it, attitude and opinion. Extract Two
just (7) to produce something that (8) with a new trend
of the fact that …
or philosophy. Timing can be everything, but one thing’s for certain: the Adverbs You hear two journalists talking about fake news.
5 I was of doing anything reasons for having a one-hit wonder are as individual as the stories – Interestingly, … 3 What does the woman say about fake news?
about it. and writers – themselves.
Perhaps … A It does less damage than people believe.
4 Match the fixed phrases 1–8 in Ex 3 to their exam task in question and the sentences 1–6 with their
paraphrases a–f.
5
You hear two financial experts talking about avoiding being a victim of fraud.
What is the man doing?
definitions a–h.
a achieve something that you were hoping
to achieve
strategies to enhance their 1
2
They intended it as a light-hearted joke.
It provides an outlet for stress.
A describing some of the latest cons
B highlighting the importance of internet security
d
of a situation
hold a particular opinion, but not
0
1
A fascinate
A excelled
B capture
B beaten
C excite
C exceeded
D seize
D bettered
6 I’d be pretty red-faced at being
taken in.
B learn from previous mistakes.
C seek advice from recognised institutions.
questions in the Reading
very strongly
e make someone feel very interested
in something
2
3
A persuaded B convinced
A helpless B unable
C determined
C lacking
D minded
D incapable
a It could cause serious problems. Speaking or writing and Use of English and
b It won’t be as good as you thought.
f without being affected or influenced
by something
4
5
A attaining
A Albeit
B realising
B Nonetheless
C succeeding
C Regardless
D performing
D Notwithstanding
c As long as it’s fair.
5 Discuss the questions.
• How sceptical are you about what you read online?
the Listening lessons
d It was supposed to be amusing.
g be acceptable or convenient for a particular
person or in a particular situation
6
7
A desire
A result
B aspire
B fancy
C inspire
C arise
D require
D happen
e It would be embarrassing to be fooled.
It helps you deal with pressure.
• Have you ever been taken in by fake news items? How did that make you feel?
offer opportunities for
f 6 Some people think fake news is harmful but others see it as a joke.
personalisation and
h do better than you hope to do 8 A coincides B occurs C equals D coordinates
What do you think? Write your opinion, giving reasons, and then
EXAM BOOST p28 compare your ideas with a partner.
EXAM BOOST p2 Speaking or writing
Complete Exam file SECTION A on page 2. Go to page 92 for these exercises.
Complete Exam file SECTION A on
page 28.
discussion using new
8 EXAM TRAINER
p7
p8 Exs 1–2
EXAM TRAINER pp71–72 9 language.
CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 8-9 13/10/2020 16:36
7
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How the Coursebook works
98 99
Editable PowerPoint
presentations for
each grammar area
save valuable
preparation time, Additional fun
bring grammar to life interactive practice
and can aid dyslexic of each unit’s
students through their grammar is available
explicit, scaffolded on the App, accessed
presentation. via the Coursebook.
OST p4
on someone who meets you for the first time?
Is this a true reading of your personality? Why? /
FIRST CONVERSATIONS
Why not? 1 Do you often strike up conversations with strangers, for example
m file SECTION A on page 4.
when travelling?
2 Do the quiz and compare your answers with a) Yes, I think it’s a great way to pass the time.
your partner. If you choose ‘it depends’, explain
b) No, I like to keep myself to myself because I’m a bit shy.
on what.
c) It depends.
1–8, read the text below and think of the
est fits each gap. Use only one word in each 3 1.11 Listen to two candidates in the speaking
2 When you’re introduced to someone for the first time, do you
n example at the beginning (0). test answering a question from Part 1. Which is
find it easy to maintain a conversation?
the more appropriate answer, A or B? Why?
a) Very easy. I’m never lost for words!
(or stripes) can 4 Read the Exam focus and check your ideas. b) Not really. It’s OK if I find some common ground between us.
c) It depends.
y individuals
NOT the only mammals
EXAM FOCUS 3 Would you say that you tend to dominate conversations
in general?
All Speaking lessons
Answering personal questions
have accompanying
a) Perhaps. Once you get me started on something, it’s sometimes
hat uniquely identify individuals.
Avoid short, abrupt answers by extending your hard to get me to stop!
so have finger and toe prints, no two of
responses in different ways. b) It’s probably the opposite. It takes a while for me to come out
e. Scientists (1) recently
• Explain your reasons: I sometimes get stuck for of my shell – I think I come over as uninterested in people from
•
Give a contrasting idea to show balance:
… at other times, like at a work interview …
Use linkers to clarify what you’re saying:
for the first time?
a) Yes, I do. If you can make someone laugh, it makes them feel
more relaxed.
which are available to
download from the
en the shape of our ears are also unique, Whereas … b) Wow, no! I can never remember jokes. And if you don’t know
s could have wider biometric applications. someone well, the jokes could fall flat!
you’re anything like most people, you’ve c) It depends.
using the same passwords for
Digital resources or
EXAM BOOST p36
and (6) now becoming 5 In a first conversation with someone, are there any topics you
meone will eventually crack your ‘code’ Complete the Exam file exercises on page 36. would steer clear of?
ntity. But biometric authentication is likely a) I think most topics are fair game for a first conversation. I can
p11
EXAM TRAINER p12 Ex 1
EXAM TRAINER pp88–90 11
13/10/2020 16:36
8
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How the Coursebook works
WRITING FILE
stop laughing. window? The neighbours will think you’re spying
get a job as a holiday rep more easily. Part 2 Informal email or letter
WRITING FILE
8 Sam’s thinking about 2 5 8 on them!
himself for president 3 6 EXAMPLE QUESTION
114 of the chess club. Part 1 Essay EXAM HELP 115 Unit 3 pp34–35
• Reword others’ opinions if used as support. Read part of an email from a friend who is planning to visit your cou
EXAMPLE QUESTION • Add reasons to support your opinions and
Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 114-115 Unit 1 pp12–13, Unit 6 pp66–67 13/10/2020Of course,
16:40 I’d really like to see as much as I can but with so little
examples to justify your arguments.
You have listened to a radio discussion on how to get communities more • Use linking expressions to connect ideas a week) I wonder if that’s feasible. Do you have any suggestions
involved in environmental issues. You have made the notes below: within and across paragraphs. to go and what to do in your country?
• Try and make your conclusion persuasive.
Ideas for making communities more Reply to the email offering your friend some advice.
Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the ideas from your notes.
For this reason, …
As a result, …
This is due to …
Although …
While …
Many people feel …
You could start by spending a couple of days in
Melbourne and then rent a car and head for the Great
Ocean Road. It’s a really spectacular road that follows
eac
sho
ad
You should explain which idea would be more effective in making elem
communities more aware of environmental issues, giving reasons to On the other hand, … According to … the coastline and stretches for over 250 kilometres. If
the
support your opinion. In contrast, … I were you, I’d plan to spend a couple of days driving
You may make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you along, stopping for the night in Lorne or Apollo Bay.
Conclusion
should use your own words as far as possible. You asked about things to do and I have to say it’s hard
I am in favour of … On the whole, …
Write 220–260 words.
to know where to begin. While you’re in Melbourne, I’d
It seems to me that … Overall, …
definitely try to visit the National Gallery of Victoria
EXAMPLE ANSWER Clo
and the South Bank complex which is nearby. There are
em
some great bars and restaurants there. On your drive
130
PRACTICE TASKS
PRACTICE TASKS
REVIEW | UNITS 1–2 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – PART 3 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH –
REVIEW | UNITS 1–2
24 25
9
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HOW TO USE THE EXAM FILE
What is the Exam file? READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
EXAM BOOST
SECTION C
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
The Exam file is the fold-out booklet in the back of the Coursebook. It contains all the
to choose from)
SECTION A You need to choose the answer which fits the context. All four • You will read a short text with eight questions.
options may be similar in meaning, so think carefully about the • You choose the word or phrase that best fits each gap from four TASK
Fixed phrases Short reading text
exact meaning of each word. multiple-choice questions.
You may be required to choose a word or
•
information you and your students need about each exam task in one place, making
Only one of the options will fit each gap. SCORING
words to complete a phrase, or select the most 4 Match the phrasal verbs 1–6, with their definitions, A–F.
appropriate phrase. It’s helpful to think carefully
about the meaning of the text, and the sentence
1 come across A start 1 mark per
question
you have to complete. 2 come on B become conscious again What is being tested?
revision easy. 3 come over C experience something unpleasant This part of the exam focuses on your knowledge of vocabulary.
EXAM REFERENCE
1 Complete the fixed phrases with words from 4 come round D move from one place to another The questions may test your knowledge of:
the box.
5 come under E happen • collocations, e.g. vitally important • precise meaning, e.g. Humans have evolved from
ape-like ancestors.
event light matter question
6 come up F seem to have particular qualities • fixed phrases, e.g. do your utmost
For each exam task, there’s a reference page with information about what the task is, • linking words, e.g. Alternatively,
5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the • phrasal verbs, e.g. read up on
1 a of course
phrasal verbs from Ex 4.
2 in any Grammatical knowledge may be involved, too:
1 I’ve got a cold . I don’t think I’ll come out
and the skills that are being tested in that task. There are also tips for completing the
3 in of this evening after all. • what preposition follows a verb, e.g. be impressed by
4 be a of 2 When I after the operation, I felt a bit
sick. How do you do it?
2 Match the fixed phrases in Ex 1 with their
task successfully and a checklist to help students evaluate their skills in completing the
definitions (A–D). 3 Has your family from the USA for your BEFORE THE TASK
brother’s wedding?
A If something is done or happens in
4 The same problems have been again
• Read the title and whole text quickly to get a general understanding of the content and how the text is organised.
consideration of the facts, it is done or
and again with this programme. • Don’t look at the options at this point.
happens because of those facts.
task. B used to say that something will definitely 5 Jenna as a warm and genuine kind of • Look at the example given and think about why the answer is correct.
person.
happen or be true in spite of anything else DURING THE TASK
that may happen 6 I’ve a lot of pressure at work recently.
It’s been a stressful period. • Read the text again carefully, stopping at each gap and reading the four options.
C the correct and usual thing to do in a
• If you think you know the answer, check your idea against the four options and choose the one that is closest.
ple-choice cloze additional practice of what is taught inREADINGthe main AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
1 come across A start question
3 Choose
about the word
meaning
thatof theNOT
does text, collocate
and the sentence is understanding and caring about • Make sure you have chosen an answer for each gap. No marks are lost for incorrect answers, so make a
youthe
with have to complete.
adverb in each case. 2 comeproblems.
someone’s on B become conscious again What is being tested?
sensible guess.
2 3 come
discrete over
/ discreet C experience something unpleasant This part of the exam focuses on your knowledge of vocabulary.
1 highly controversial / efficient / held /
EXAM REFERENCE
1 Complete the fixed phrases with words from 4 come roundmeans separate
D move from onewhereas
or different, place to another The questions may test your knowledge of:
Are you exam-ready?
sophisticated
NUMBER OF
event light matter question
3 illicit / elicit get a general understanding?•.............................................................................
linking words, e.g. Alternatively,
3 deeply crafted / offended / regretful / upset • phrasal
… read the textverbs,
through
e.g.quickly
read uptoon
ON C
To 5 Complete the sentencessomethingwith
is tothe
askcorrect
the rightform of the
QUESTIONS
questions phrasal verbs
to get the from Ex 4. you want, whereas
information
TASK
similar
2 in any Grammatical knowledge may be involved, too:
1 I’ve got a cold means something that . I is illegal
don’t or I’ll come out
think … check your idea against the four options? .................................................................................................................
5 strongly
3 in attached / available
of / implied / • what
out preposition
the options follows
that areadefinitely
verb, e.g. wrong
be impressed bynot sure? .......................................................................
8
disapproved of. after all.
this evening … cross if you are
al verbs
4 be opposed
(with 4 options
a of
to choose from)
weeks,
3 Hasmonths), whereas
your family is the
from used to give
USA for your
• You will
defituned
nitions (A–D). BEFORE
… remember THE
to read the TASK
text again at the end, to make sure it makes sense? .........................................................
ed to choose the answer which fits the context. All four read a short text with eight questions. a second possibility.
brother’s wedding?
TASK
happens because of those facts.
may be similar in meaning, so think carefully about the • You choose the word or phrase that best fits each gap from four B used to say that something will definitely 5 Jenna as a warm and genuine kind of • Look at the example given and think about why the answer is correct.
meaning of each word. and D). Where a task appears twice, e.g. multiple-choice
Listening questions.
person.
M01 FMLA C1 EF 20267happen or2-3
U01_4p.indd be
true in spite of anything else DURING THE TASK 13/10/2020 16:43
6 I’ve a lot of pressure at work recently.
Short reading text
that may happen
It’s been a stressful period. • Read the text again carefully, stopping at each gap and reading the four options.
C the correct and usual thing to do in a
particular situation
• If you think you know the answer, check your idea against the four options and choose the one that is closest.
•
D used to say what the most important fact,
Only one of the options will fit each gap. part, or feature of something is Easily confused words
•
a particular preposition, or words that form part of a fixed phrase.
SCORING
If the gap includes linking words, make sure you read all the sentences around the gap.
1
SECTION B • If you’re not sure of an answer, cross out the options that are definitely wrong.
me across A start with a word in the text. The other three options
Use each word once only.
• Choose ONLY one of the four options: do not write your own word, even if it may fit the sentence.
question
reference and Exam boost page for each possible will have similar meanings, but will not fit the 1 sympathy / empathy
AFTER THE TASK
me over
writing text type.
C experience something unpleasant This part of the exam focuses on your knowledge of vocabulary.
1
with the adverb in each case.
highly controversial / efficient / held /
sophisticated
2
someone’s problems.
discrete / discreet
means separate or different, whereas
sensible guess.
EXAM REFERENCE
2 widely available / held / similar / means being careful not to cause
The questions may test your knowledge of: understood embarrassment or attract too much attention. Did you …
me under happen • •
… check your idea against the four options? .................................................................................................................
E collocations, e.g. vitally important precise meaning, e.g. Humans have evolved from
means something that is illegal or
5 strongly attached / available / implied /
disapproved of. … cross out the options that are definitely wrong if you are not sure? .......................................................................
opposed
4 alternately / alternatively … choose the most likely answer if you are still not sure? ............................................................................................
ape-like ancestors.
6 heavily built / guarded / involved / offended
omplete the sentences with the correct form of the • phrasal verbs, e.g. read up on 2
• linking words, e.g. Alternatively, Are you ready for Reading and Use of English Part 1? Identify an area to improve. 3
You may want to wait until closer to the exam to use this checklist, so that students don’t get
exam-weary too early in the course. If so, it’s probably best if you do it early in the second
half of the book, to give students time to use the checklist to adjust their approach before
the exam.
with a section
Reports generally contain formal language.
entitled ABOUT THE
Part 2 report-writing tasks often ask you to make recommendations. In Listening Part 1 you listen to three short dialogues,
each with a different topic focus.
The questions can be about the purpose or function of
the conversation, the main idea of what the speakers are
8 Complete each second (formal) sentence with 10 Choose the correct verb forms to complete the recommendations.
a suitable phrase in the boxTASK. This provides information about There are two multiple-choice questions on each of the talking about, or what they agree or disagree about.
so it has a similar 1 I would strongly advise offering / to offer customers a refund if their dialogues. The questions can also be about one or both of the
meaning to the first (informal) sentence.
the exam task and its key testing aims.
food takes too long to prepare.
2 I suggest to organise / that we organise a party as an excellent way
Each question has three options, and you must choose the
correct one based on what you hear.
speakers’ opinions, attitudes or feelings.
You will have time to read the questions before you hear
cause of dissatisfaction
of welcoming the international students to the college. the recording, and you will hear each dialogue twice.
fortunate enough has proved
in favour of insufficient funds 3 I would highly recommend to put / putting details of the event on
seriously concerned that social media as soon as possible.
4 Free gifts could be given / to give out as a way of attracting potential Practice task How did you do?
TEST
1 Almost everyone hated the high ticket prices. customers to the new shop.
1 L01 You will hear a conversation between 2 Check your answers.
The high ticket prices were a major 5 The furniture and the way that the café is decorated should make /
two teachers who are discussing the idea of
amongst theatre-goers. should be made more appealing to attract more young customers.
using rap music in teaching. For each question, 3 Read the audioscript for Ex 1 question 1. Match each
2 Parents with children really love the café. 6 Above all, I would propose / it would be proposed investing in really highlighted part with the topic of one of the options (A–C)
choose the best answer (A–C).
The café especially popular effective advertising. in question 1.
The first TEST section starts with a mini
amongst parents with children.
1 How does the woman feel about using rap music
in her own lessons?
… 1but they’re generally far more up for new methods of
3 Some people are very worried that buses A convinced of its educational value
EXAM TASK
won’t come so often. exam Practice task, which is a reduced B cautious about over-using it in class
learning than teachers, in my experience. So, there was
TEST
Understanding attitude and opinion 3 Read what the speakers (1–8) say. What are they doing? 4 L04 Listen to some speakers (1–8). Ho
Speakers will rarely state that they are going to offer an Choose the correct option (A, B or C). they feel? Choose the correct option (A–C
70 opinion. You must therefore listen carefully to identify when 71
1 ‘They had every intention of paying but if the ticket office was
the opinion is given. In addition, the language used in the closed and the machine was out of order, what else were they TIP: Remember that a word such as ‘insecure
options will always be paraphrased in the recording. supposed to do?’ can have a slightly different meaning in a diffe
Formula C1 ET 4p book.indb 71 28/09/2020 17:58 context. As you listen, make sure that you thin
A advising B defending C describing
TIP: In the exam, you have some time before each about the context and not just about the word
2 ‘It might be an idea for you to think about what training you’ll
conversation to look at the options for each question.
need in the next few months and come up with a list.’ 1 A frustrated B insecure C protecti
Use this time to familiarise yourself with the options and
A suggesting B requesting C explaining
2 A respectful B impatient C astonish
The practice task is followed 3 A content B bitter
prepare yourself for what you are likely to hear.
3 ‘If the management devoted as much energy to putting what
C self-con
we recommended into action as they do to writing reports
1 L02 Listen to some speakers (1–3). What is their
attitude or opinion? Choose the correct option (A–C).
by a series of ‘How did you 45 AA determined
about it, we wouldn’t be facing this dilemma.’
A emphasising B recommending C complaining eager
B desperate
B irritated
C dissatisf
C realistic
Highlight the section of the audioscript where the
correct option is paraphrased.
4 do?’
‘Personally, questions
I think that kind of music that
would be encourage
street and, after all, the tickets are only £10.’
right up your 6 A stubborn B arrogant
7 A sympathetic B unsure
C suspicio
C enthusia
12
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How the Exam Trainer works
ate image.
ct range.
.
73
28/09/2020 17:58
Each strategy, skill or language focus is clearly labelled All the exam tasks are
and there is a variety of exercise types throughout. clearly flagged like this for
each exam paper and part.
5 Read six short conversations. Do the In Listening Part 2, you listen to one long monologue. Most answers are concrete pieces of inform
speakers agree or disagree?
L05 You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1–6, choose
the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There
full-length exam task. This asspeaker’s
The speaker is usually giving a presentation or talk on
a particular subject.
nouns, although the sentence may tell yo
opinion or attitude towards the to
A: The new system means anywhere that
provides students with
1 are two questions for each extract. There are eight sentences, each one with one gap. You must complete the gap with the exact w
serves food is inspected every year
You listen and complete these gaps in the sentences with you hear, not a paraphrase, and the words y
and has to put a sticker in the window
saying what their hygiene rating is. It’s a
great idea.
an opportunity to put the should
a word or a short phrase.
The sentences provide a kind of summary of what the speaker
fit the sentence grammatically.
You’ll have time to read the questions befor
B: I worry that establishments will make sure
everything’s perfect when the inspectors
strategies and skills they
says, and are in the same order as the information you hear.
You won’t hear the actual sentences on the recording as
recording, and you’ll hear the recording twi
3
B: Those documents are so long that no
one ever bothers to read them, and
kind of task they can expect
complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. L07 A student wrote the wrong answe
Read their answers, then listen again. Dec
think they made these mistakes.
F Ato C Tfind inOthe Cambridge
then everyone gets caught out by some
regulation at the bottom of page seven.
Extract One S AB U T GOLD
Darren says that gold is found in a
C1 says Advanced
that gold is found in a (1) exam.
3 A: I didn’t actually have very high
expectations of the course, but have been You hear a scientist being interviewed about plastic pollution.
Darren , (1) mine , unlike most o
thoroughly impressed by how it was run 1 What is the man doing? unlike most other metals. Darren points out that gold (2) c
and by how much of the content will be A explaining how the problem can be solved
useful for work. Darren points out that gold (2) found in caves are evidence that human
B identifying who is primarily to blame for the problem
B: I’ve actually put some of the principles
C emphasising that the problem must be addressed
found in caves are evidence that humans used gold 40,000 years ago.
we discussed in several of the seminars 40,000 years ago.
2 Why does the man use the examples of plastic bags and bottles? Darren mentions that (3) the United S
into practice already and I’m keen to
implement others when I have more time. A to support the main point he’s making Darren mentions that (3) is the the country that produces the majority o
4 A: The book falls into the trap of many B to highlight a popular misconception country that produces the majority of gold these days. days.
popular psychology titles in that it C to introduce a new argument Darren was surprised to learn that quite a lot of gold is Darren was surprised to learn that quite
overgeneralises what people are like, used in the (4) industry. building
Extract Two is used in the (4)
so they end up being put into broad
categories. You hear two friends talking about a place where they spent a lot of
B: That’s a common approach, and one which time as children. TIP: There will usually be incorrect infor
many readers tend to like. I found that 3 The woman is reluctant to return there because recording that can fit in each of the gaps
most of the chapters managed to steer
A she’s worried it will ruin her memories of the area. as distraction. As you listen, rule out the
clear of doing anything like that, though.
B she’d rather not meet some of the people there. information as well as choosing the corre
5 A: In my opinion, studying philosophy’s
C she’s convinced she won’t like how it’s changed.
as relevant today as it’s always been. If
anything, given the increasingly volatile 4 How does the man respond to the woman’s concerns?
world we live in, it could even be made a A He attempts to persuade her to go anyway.
mandatory school subject. B He suggests they’re unlikely to be valid.
B: I can certainly see the benefit of getting C He admits he feels the same way as her.
students to think about things a little more
Extract Three
deeply. Forcing it universally onto the
curriculum is perhaps going a little too far. You hear two scientists talking about food hygiene in restaurants.
6 A: City living’s slowly become more intense, 5 They both think that
to my mind, but because the changes are A current laws are insufficient.
relatively gradual, few people living there B more inspections are needed.
actually notice.
B: I’m sure residents would say the cities
6
C owners don’t take the issue seriously.
How does the woman feel about advising the government on food
The audioscripts and
they live in are pretty much the same as
ten years ago, apart from a few cosmetic
changes, which isn’t the case to an
hygiene issues?
A uncomfortable at how critical she needs to be
answer key are provided at
objective observer. B
C
frustrated by the response to her suggestions
cautious about appearing overenthusiastic
the back of the book and in
74 the Digital resources.
Formula C1 ET 4p book.indb 75
13
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CREATE YOUR OWN FORMULA
C1
Vocabulary file Full practice exam
ADVANCED
C1 Exam-focused
FORMULA is the flexible, unique and enjoyable route to Cambridge exam success. Using Pearson’s trusted
exam know-how, FORMULA C1 ADVANCED takes a fresh approach to topics, units and components to
create an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible
EXAM TRAINER and Interactive eBook
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital
learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. ADVANCED
FORMULA C1 ADVANCED Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook are unique, full colour components which
Writing file
can be used independently or in combination with the Coursebook. The Exam Trainer uses a Test, Teach,
Test approach to exam preparation for each part of the exam. An introductory practice task tests learners
to see what they already know and allows reflection on current performance. A teach section provides
practice of strategies and skills to improve learner performance and allows them to approach the exam
with confidence. The final exam-compliant exam task tests how well they can apply the strategies and skills
Exam Trainer
they have practised.
Exam file
each paper. • Smart answer key* for all exam task exercises.
• About the exam sections give comprehensive • A complete digital package including fully
FOR EXAM SUCCESS EXAM TRAINER with key
information about each exam part.
20—30 hours
Interactive eBook, Digital Resources and App
• How did you do? sections help students identify
where they are in their learning.
containing course audio, exam videos and
grammar practice activities.
and Interactive eBook
• Detailed Strategies and skills input and activities * with key only
to boost exam performance Part-by-Part.
Sheila Dignen & Jacky Newbrook
management and mindfulness for exams • Exam Trainer Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources
C1
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital
Coursebook
with key
Recycling Photocopiables
• A Speaking or writing activity in each skills Interactive eBook, Digital Resources and App
lesson offering flexibility to teachers for class or containing course audio, exam videos and and Interactive eBook
homework activities. grammar practice activities.
• Practice task sections including two, full length * with key only
Use of English tasks.
40—80 hours
For teachers For students
Helen Chilton & Lynda Edwards
C1
Progress test
C1 ADVANCED
C1
ADVANCED
ADVANCED
C1
Exam-focused with language
FORMULA is the flexible, unique and enjoyable route to Cambridge exam success. Using Pearson’s trusted
exam know-how, FORMULA C1 ADVANCED takes a fresh approach to topics, units and components to
create an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible
C1
COURSEBOOK and Interactive eBook
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital FORMULA is the flexible, unique and enjoyable route to Cambridge exam success. Using Pearson’s trusted
learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. ADVANCED
exam know-how, FORMULA C1 ADVANCED takes a fresh approach to topics, units and components to
create an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible
FORMULA C1 ADVANCED Coursebook and Interactive eBook include eight units with each unit linked to a different
EXAM TRAINER and Interactive eBook
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
development
FORMULA C1 ADVANCED Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook are unique, full colour components which
FORMULA C1 Advanced Coursebook with key provides: can be used independently or in combination with the Coursebook. The Exam Trainer uses a Test, Teach,
Test approach to exam preparation for each part of the exam. An introductory practice task tests learners
• A dynamic approach to exam preparation with • Review sections including six, full length Use of
to see what they already know and allows reflection on current performance. A teach section provides
new topics lesson-by-lesson. English tasks.
practice of strategies and skills to improve learner performance and allows them to approach the exam
• A part of each paper in each unit with an Exam • A Vocabulary file practising topic vocabulary and with confidence. The final exam-compliant exam task tests how well they can apply the strategies and skills
focus, strategies for improving performance and lexical sets for each unit. they have practised.
full exam task.
with key
Dyslexia-friendly tests
• Exam boost sections consolidating exam and • Smart answer key* for all exam task exercises. FOR EXAM SUCCESS
from Reading and Use of English Part 1 to
COURSEBOOK
the Speaking paper.
with key
80—100 hours
For teachers For students
* available with and without key - Grammar presentations • Coursebook Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources
and App
- Guides on dyslexia, classroom
Mark Little
management and mindfulness for exams • Exam Trainer Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources
and App
pearsonenglish.com/formula Helen Chilton & Lynda Edwards
* available with and without key
C1
Extensive exam
C1 ADVANCED
C1
ADVANCED
C1 ADVANCED
C1
ADVANCED
C1
FORMULA is the flexible, unique and enjoyable route to Cambridge exam success. Using Pearson’s trusted
C1
ADVANCED
COURSEBOOK and Interactive eBook
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
number. With numbers as the broad theme, the topic changes lesson by lesson making learning more dynamic for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital FORMULA is the flexible, unique and enjoyable route to Cambridge exam success. Using Pearson’s trusted
and maintaining students’ interest throughout the course, as well as providing a more authentic exam experience. learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. exam know-how, FORMULA ADVANCED
C1 ADVANCED takes a fresh approach to topics, units and components to
C1
FORMULA C1 ADVANCED Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook are unique, full colour components which create an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
TEACHER’S BOOK with Presentation Tool, Digital Resources and App
FORMULA C1 Advanced Coursebook with key provides: can be used independently or in combination with the Coursebook. The Exam Trainer uses a Test, Teach,
Test approach to exam preparation for each part of the exam. An introductory practice task tests learners for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital
• A dynamic approach to exam preparation with • Review sections including six, full length Use of learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success.
to see what they already know and allows reflection on current performance. A teach section provides
new topics lesson-by-lesson. English tasks.
practice of strategies and skills to improve learner performance and allows them to approach the exam
development
• A part of each paper in each unit with an Exam • A Vocabulary file practising topic vocabulary and FORMULA C1 ADVANCED Teacher’s Book with Presentation Tool, Digital Resources and App gives
Coursebook and
• Practice task sections including two, full length information about each exam part. sections including mindfulness for exams audioscripts
* with key only Interactive eBook, Digital Resources and App
Use of English tasks.
• How did you do? sections help students identify
where they are in their learning.
containing course audio, exam videos and
grammar practice activities.
• Teaching notes with extra ideas for fast finishers,
alternative approaches and suggestions for
• Test package
and Interactive eBook
• Grammar presentations
• Detailed Strategies and skills input and activities * with key only dyslexic students
For teachers For students
Helen Chilton & Lynda Edwards
• Photocopiable activities
to boost exam performance Part-by-Part. • Integrated answer key with smart answers for all
• Teacher’s Book with Presentation Tool, • Coursebook and Interactive eBook*, • Accessibility and inclusion resources
Sheila Dignen & Jacky Newbrook
Exam Trainer
Digital Resources and App including: Digital Resources and App course audio, exam videos and grammar
and App • Presentation Tool for the Coursebook and
- Guides on dyslexia, classroom - Test package • Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook*,
• Exam Trainer Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources Exam Trainer practice activities
management and mindfulness for exams Digital Resources and App
and App - Photocopiable activities
* available with and without key - Grammar presentations • Coursebook Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources
and App For students
- Guides on dyslexia, classroom
Mark Little
management and mindfulness for exams • Exam Trainer Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources • Coursebook and Interactive eBook*,
and App
pearsonenglish.com/formula Helen Chilton & Lynda Edwards
Digital Resources and App
* available with and without key
• Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook*,
Digital Resources and App
100+ hours
Formula_C1_CBKKEY_CVR.indd All Pages
pearsonenglish.com/formula
pearsonenglish.com/formula Lynda Edwards & Jacky Newbrook
14
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HOW TO USE FORMULA FOR
AROUND 30 HOURS
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
In Reading and Use of English Part 1, you read a short text They may also test your understanding of verb patterns,
• Test — An
FORMULA C1 ADVANCED Exam Trainer and Interactive introductory practice
Practice task How did you do?
TEST
1 Read the first paragraph of a text about an animal 2 Check your answers.
eBook are unique, full colour components which can task tests learners
called an octopus. Choose the correct answer (A, B,
C or D). There is an example at the beginning (0). 3 Read the five answers for Ex 1 again, including
the example.
be used independently or in combination with the to see what they THE OCTOPUS: 1 Which answer tests your knowledge of a phrasal verb?
2 Which answer tests your knowledge of the patterns of
Coursebook. The Exam Trainer uses a Test, Teach, Test already know and
an extraordinarily talented animal
3
words that typically follow a vocabulary item?
Which answer tests your knowledge of a fixed phrase?
Octopuses are far from the one-hit wonders of the animal
approach to exam preparation for each part of the exam. allows reflection on
kingdom, having (0) C the world’s oceans
for the past 300 million years. They are especially well
4
5
Which answer tests your knowledge of collocation?
Which answer tests your knowledge of precise meaning
known for their astonishing intelligence and ability to
4 Look at the four sets of words in context. What do you
There are different ways that you can teach from the Exam current performance. change colour in order to blend in with their surroundings.
The (1) majority of species live in
notice about how each one is used? Then look at the
gaps in the text in Ex 1 again. Can you see why the
surface waters but a small number are found in the ocean
Trainer depending on the overall length of your exam depths. They have an amazing ability to squeeze into
and through the smallest of holes and spaces, and live 1
answers are correct?
The vast majority of the population agreed with the
you might decide to work through each complete exam • Teach — This section
A gigantic statue appeared in the empty square overnig
0 A existed
READING B resided
AND USE C inhabited
OF ENGLISH dwelt
– Part 1 DMultiple-choice A lone figure appeared on the horizon, slowly moving
2cloze
1 A vast B enormous C immense D gigantic nearer.
part from the Exam Trainer in class. For shorter courses provides practice of Strategies
2 A lone andBskills
solitary C lonely D unsociable James liked the solitary life that living on the island
TEACH
necessitated.
Fixed phrases 3 A measure B amount C share D part
(20—40 hours), you can choose which elements of the Test, strategies and skills Gaps 4 in A made and Use
Reading taken
B of builtare often D put
C texts
English Part 1
filled by words that are found in fixed phrases.
Leanne felt lonely once the children had gone.
Fiona felt unsociable that evening so decided to stay in
Teach, Test and full practice exam you use in class or for
3 The reviews serve as a measure of how good this film i
to improve learner 1 Use the nouns in the box to complete the fixed phrases
in the sentences below.
No amount of persuasion could convince Martin to
change his mind.
homework. Here we are providing an example for around performance and balance desire hesitation horizons
notice power room things
We’ve had our fair share of bad weather lately.
Good luck had a part to play in the team’s success.
with confi
READING dence.
AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
4 Max had a burning
a young age.
to be famous from with verbs. It is important to learn as many of these as
you can.
5 Kelly did everything in her to get a deal
with a publisher. 3 Choose the verb which best completes each sentence.
C1
ADVANCED
M01 FMLA ETC1 WKey 20298.indd 7
7 The judges had no in awarding the A get B make C do D have
prize to Olivia Hanrahan. 2 The teacher asked the students to
• Exam Trainer or the Interactive eBook C1 8 Reece decided to expand her by note of the new lesson times.
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital
learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. ADVANCED
3 Fiona Max making the dinner and went
Use the final Test sections with some exam tasks carried out
FORMULA C1 Advanced Exam Trainer with key provides:
• Easy-to-use preparation in the order of the exam • Speaking boost tasks provide extra practice for
2 Seven shows in one week really had / took / put / made some people.
with key
•
information about each exam part.
How did you do? sections help students identify
Interactive eBook, Digital Resources and App
containing course audio, exam videos and
and Interactive eBook
3 The singer even broke / smashed / cracked / split a few
•
where they are in their learning.
Detailed Strategies and skills input and activities
grammar practice activities.
* with key only jokes between songs. a true masterpiece and a fake.
to boost exam performance Part-by-Part.
A state B reveal C tell D say
4 What drove / sent / pressed / steered her to give up
Sheila Dignen & Jacky Newbrook
TEST
- Test package
5 I had no idea he believed / maintained / held / felt such
• Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook*,
- Photocopiable activities Digital Resources and App
management and mindfulness for exams • Exam Trainer Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources
and App
6 The newspaper headline really activated / caught / 4 Choose the correct word to complete the collocations
compliant exam task
* available with and without key
TEST
pearsonenglish.com/formula Mark Little motivated / encouraged her attention.
in the sentences. monitoring animals c
follows a verb, e.g. an infinitive, a noun, an -ing form or For
7 questions 1–8,
The test didn’t read
really the/ award
present text below
/ donateand decide
/ raise any which the
1 The film is being shot on site / location / position word
/ set at which best
Formula_C1_ETKEY_CVR.indd All Pages 15/12/2020 11:34
Teachers
9 Choose the correct verb pattern to complete each work / job / labour / occupation market.
apply
sentence.
the strategies IS THE 10,000 HOUR RULE A MYTH?
SPEAKING BOOST
There’s nowhere near / close / like / approaching enough
news on TV these days.
3
1 It’s anticipated that prices will rise / prices rising as a result For a number
Discuss or answer. of
years, there has been a 4 Ecotourism is a real growth trade / business / industry /
have
The bank’spracticed.
beyond what they earn. world-class expert. Perhaps unsurprisingly, few have6been
2 What do you think the phrase ‘15 minutes of fame’
Teacher’s Notes and Digital resources The receptionist spoke only broken / damaged / spoiled /
ADVANCED
means? What’s your opinion of celebrity culture?
3 policy just seems to complicate matters sufficiently (1) to put this theory to the
injured English so I couldn’t understand him.
further / further matters.
test. The (2) originally appeared in a
4 He couldn’t envision to make / making so much money
8popular psychology title, Outliers, by Malcolm Gladwell.
in a single deal.
A key stipulation of the concept was that the practice
EXAM TRAINER TEACHER’S NOTES
5 Staff were instructed to avoid / avoiding talking to the in (3) had to be ‘deliberate’ practice.
M01 FMLA ETC1 WKey 20298.indd 8 09/12/2020 12:33
media about the issue.
A casual half hour a day strumming a guitar would not
6 The director was invited to give / for giving a presentation (4) this requirement.
at the event.
However, recent research into deliberate practice has
Linking words (5) to some intriguing conclusions.
Louise Manicolo
Some questions test your knowledge of linking words The study (6) that even in something as
and phrases. traditionally practice-based as learning a musical instrument,
deliberate practice (7) for just 21 percent
• a list of extra Formula Digital resources The outward journey took three hours
2
example,
deduction you
controlled
1
may
principle
2
restricted
A
value
A
ordered
haveregulation
B
B
C
C
D
D
• a dyslexia focus which highlights tasks which dyslexic He must have enjoyed the performance
3
15He’d×spent
2-hour classes.
he wouldn’t have stayed for the whole thing.
request
complete
demand
succeed
3
4
subject
meet
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reach
B
B
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C
D
D
ready for the lesson ahead, and a cooler task to round (1 hour) and Speaking — Part 1 Interview (1 hour).
10
off the exam part at the end A lesson of this type would enable a brief introduction
M01 FMLA ETC1 WKey 20298.indd 10 09/12/2020 12:33
• detailed teacher’s notes for each exercise as well as to each part of the exam and some input and practice.
embedded answer keys
• alternative approaches to some exercises
• ideas for using the Speaking boost questions, as
well as extension ideas if you wish to enhance the
communicative aspect of your exam classes
15
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Create your own Formula
In Reading and Use of English Part 1, you read a short text They may also test your understanding of verb patterns,
with eight gaps. for example whether a verb is followed by an infinitive
There are four multiple-choice options for each gap. or a clause.
You choose the word or phrase that best fits each gap. The gaps may also test your understanding of
complementation, for example which preposition certain
The gaps can test your knowledge of differences in precise
words are followed by.
meaning between similar words, of collocations, or of
words that occur in fixed phrases. Some gaps may test your knowledge of phrasal verbs and
linking words.
Use Exam Trainer Teacher’s Notes for Warmer and ABOUT THE TASK to
Each question is worth one mark.
THE OCTOPUS: 1
2
Which answer tests your knowledge of a phrasal verb?
Which answer tests your knowledge of the patterns of
an extraordinarily talented animal words that typically follow a vocabulary item?
3 Which answer tests your knowledge of a fixed phrase?
Octopuses are far from the one-hit wonders of the animal
kingdom, having (0) C the world’s oceans 4 Which answer tests your knowledge of collocation?
for the past 300 million years. They are especially well 5 Which answer tests your knowledge of precise meaning?
known for their astonishing intelligence and ability to
Students carry out the Practice task and try the reduced length task to
change colour in order to blend in with their surroundings.
4 Look at the four sets of words in context. What do you
notice about how each one is used? Then look at the
The (1) majority of species live in
gaps in the text in Ex 1 again. Can you see why the
surface waters but a small number are found in the ocean
answers are correct?
depths. They have an amazing ability to squeeze into
1 The vast majority of the population agreed with the
Students carry out How did you do? activities and reflect on the task they
4 A made B taken C built D put
Fiona felt unsociable that evening so decided to stay in.
3 The reviews serve as a measure of how good this film is.
No amount of persuasion could convince Martin to
change his mind.
Students carry out the Strategies and skills activities. Strategies and skills
TEACH
Fixed phrases
Gaps in Reading and Use of English Part 1 texts are often
filled by words that are found in fixed phrases.
TIP: Make sure you learn as many phrasal verbs as you can. 7 Choose the correct option to complete
3 Thethe sentences,
singer even broke / smashed / cracked / split a few 5 I can’t always the difference between
food for birds. 7 The test didn’t really present / award / donate / raise any
Verb patterns A cut out B take away C give up D keep off 1 The film is being shot on site / location / position / set at
EXAM TASK 1 Read the first paragraph of a text about a project A Contrary B Opposing C Contrasting D Distinctive
great difficulties to Diana.
3 Ruth found it hard to work out what the writer was the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
monitoring animals called humpback whales. Think of 3 The company was fined because its8 actions
These were not in
technical flaws create / cause / offer / pose very
at in the poem. 2 There’s a need for trained mechanics in the country’s
follows a verb, e.g. an infinitive, a noun, an -ing form or For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which with the law. real threats to the film’s success.
the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in A intending B trying C pushing D getting
a that clause. work / job / labour / occupation market.
answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A contract B accordance C duty D assurance
at the beginning (0). 4 It took a while before the effects of the medication started 3 There’s nowhere near / close / like / approaching enough
4 He decided to write to the manager in
9 Choose the correct verb pattern to complete each to in. SPEAKING BOOST news on TV these days.
IS THE 10,000 HOUR RULE A MYTH? of the staff member’s behaviour.
help them.
6 A uncovers B reveals C exposes D releases
5 Four extra concert dates have been announced
high demand for tickets. 7 A amounts B accounts C generates D justifies
6 The water temperature was only 6°C, but she went 8 A cautiously B uncertainly C doubtfully D arguably
swimming .
10 9
M01 FMLA ETC1 WKey 20298.indd 10 09/12/2020 12:33 M01 FMLA ETC1 WKey 20298.indd 9 09/12/2020 12:33
About C1 Advanced:
at the moment future changing in your town/
C something you will have C a place you have been city
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze changed in your house in visiting in your town/city C Something that has
the next year since you were a child changed in your town/
city in the last ten years
Use of English Part 1. words that occur in fixed phrases. Some gaps may test your knowledge of phrasal verbs and in your country have that you will have done
linking words. stopped upholding by this time next year
recently
Each question is worth one mark.
7 Talk about one of the 8 Talk about one of the 9 Talk about one of the
following: following: following:
A something in your life A a group or society you A something you have
Practice task How did you do? you have wanted to give are part of in your town/ done for your community
TEST
1 Read the first paragraph of a text about an animal 2 Check your answers. B something in your life B a group or society you B something you are doing
Less time
you are giving up have been part of since for your community that
called an octopus. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C something in your life you were young you are proud of
C or D). There is an example at the beginning (0). 3 Read the five answers for Ex 1 again, including you will have given up in C a group or society you C something you will have
the example. 20 years’ time will be part of in the near done for your community
future in five years’ time that will
THE OCTOPUS:
Ask students to complete the first
1 Which answer tests your knowledge of a phrasal verb? make you proud
kingdom, having (0) C the world’s oceans 4 Which answer tests your knowledge of collocation?
for the past 300 million years. They are especially well 5 Which answer tests your knowledge of precise meaning?
known for their astonishing intelligence and ability to
4 Look at the four sets of words in context. What do you
Quick homework
notice about how each one is used? Then look at the
The (1) majority of species live in
gaps in the text in Ex 1 again. Can you see why the
surface waters but a small number are found in the ocean
answers are correct?
depths. They have an amazing ability to squeeze into
1 The vast majority of the population agreed with the
App activities.
Their diet is largely (4) up of small fish, The announcement attracted an immense amount of
publicity.
crabs, shellfish and worms.
A gigantic statue appeared in the empty square overnight.
of pace
0 A existed B resided C inhabited D dwelt 2 A lone figure appeared on the horizon, slowly moving
1 A vast B enormous C immense D gigantic nearer.
2 A lone B solitary C lonely D unsociable James liked the solitary life that living on the island
necessitated.
Reading and Use of English Part 1. A shopping centre is being put up where the old factory
used to be.
16
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Create your own Formula
TEACH
In Speaking Part 1, the examiner asks you some questions Tell the examiner if you don’t understand any of the Extending your answers
about you and your opinions. questions, but remember that you can only ask for
This allows you a little time to settle into the test before repetition, not explanation. TIP: If you practise adding phrases to your answers
you do more challenging tasks. Listen to what your partner says, because you can which allow you to give reasons and add information,
comment briefly on this if the examiner then asks you the this will encourage you to say more.
It tests your ability to use general social and interactional
language. same question.
The first few questions ask for information about you. You shouldn’t talk to your partner in this part, so remember
The following questions ask for your opinions about not to interrupt them, or agree or disagree with what they
everyday topics. are saying.
The examiner will ask you and your partner questions You should give interesting answers, but don’t speak for
Practice task 5 What did you most like about the area where you grew up?
A I think it’s one of the best places in the world. I love it.
1 S01 Listen to these Speaking Part 1 questions. B I liked the city, the different facilities there, and I also
Think about the best way to respond to them, then loved the beach, the landscape and the climate.
answer them. C I really liked the fact that it’s a small city – not so
big that it’s stressful, but big enough that you have
everything you need and can get to know people 1 Complete the responses to Part 1 questions with
How did you do? quite well. the words in the box.
2 Read the questions from Ex 1 again and some answers 6 How important is it for you to earn lots of money?
to them (A–C). Choose the best answer for each A For many people it’s very important, which is addition fact hard opportunity other plan
question. why they get jobs that guarantee they’ll make
a lot of money, even though they might not be 1 It’s to choose just one place, but if
1 Where are you from? I had to, I’d say that visiting Japan would be top of
that interested in the work. For others, it’s the job
A Venezuela. It’s in South America. satisfaction that’s more important than the salary. my list. It seems like such an interesting country in so
Students carry out the Strategies and Strategies and skills Adding examples
TEACH
Extending your answers 4 Choose the correct option to complete the responses to
Part 1 questions.
skills tasks.
TIP: If you practise adding phrases to your answers
which allow you to give reasons and add information, 1 I use lots of different methods for keeping in touch with
this will encourage you to say more. friends, actually. For instance / As well as that, I spend an hour
or so a day on social media.
2 We went to some really interesting places while we were
there, then again / such as the royal palace and the gardens.
3 I didn’t especially enjoy joining in the sports like / as football
and tennis that my friends used to play.
4 A lot of the things we do in class, perhaps / say, giving
presentations and reading out our work, are really good for
developing my confidence.
Giving reasons
SPEAKING – Part 1 Interview
1B Sneaky speeches
In Speaking Part 1, the examiner asks you some questions Tell the examiner if you don’t understand any of the Extending your answers
about you and your opinions. questions, but remember that you can only ask for
Test 1, Part 1.
This allows you a little time to settle into the test before repetition, not explanation. TIP: If you practise adding phrases to your answers
you do more challenging tasks. Listen to what your partner says, because you can which allow you to give reasons and add information, in the same
get stung by in retrospect let alone
this will encourage you to say more. breath
It tests your ability to use general social and interactional comment briefly on this if the examiner then asks you the
language. same question.
The first few questions ask for information about you. You shouldn’t talk to your partner in this part, so remember
The following questions ask for your opinions about not to interrupt them, or agree or disagree with what they
everyday topics. are saying.
You should give interesting answers, but don’t speak for out of your play on roll off the while I’m on the
The examiner will ask you and your partner questions
too long. comfort zone ignorance tongue subject
individually.
This part of the test takes about two minutes.
Less time Practice task 5 What did you most like about the area where you grew up?
TEST
A I think it’s one of the best places in the world. I love it.
realise an exceed my
1 S01 Listen to these Speaking Part 1 questions. B I liked the city, the different facilities there, and I also pose a threat to release tension
ambition expectations
Ask students to complete the first Think about the best way to respond to them, then
answer them.
loved the beach, the landscape and the climate.
C I really liked the fact that it’s a small city – not so
big that it’s stressful, but big enough that you have
everything you need and can get to know people
How did you do? 1 Complete the responses to Part 1 questions with
Quick homework
2 Read the questions from Ex 1 again and some answers 6 How important is it for you to earn lots of money?
to them (A–C). Choose the best answer for each A For many people it’s very important, which is addition fact hard opportunity other plan
why they get jobs that guarantee they’ll make
of pace
4 Given the , I’d definitely learn how
history at university, and I also work part-time in a café B I’d be worried about being disappointed. I mean, to scuba dive. I’m fascinated by what lives under the
at weekends. what if your hero turned out to be someone you water and I think seeing it first-hand rather than on
3 How long have you been studying English? didn’t actually like very much? documentaries would just be amazing.
A I started when I was eight years old, I think, and studied C Cristiano Ronaldo, I guess. I love football and he’s the
17
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F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd 17 19/01/2021 09:17
HOW TO USE FORMULA FOR
AROUND 50 HOURS
EXAM FOCUSED WITH LANGUAGE Building block 2 SECTIONS IN CLASS
REVISION AND CONSOLIDATION Use the main lessons.
• Introduce students to the
Around 50 hours
unit topic.
Use the Coursebook in class • Introduce students to the
1 | ONE
relevant exam part for the
FORMULA C1 ADVANCED Coursebook and Interactive
lesson and refer to the VOCABULARY: Phrasal verbs 6 Complete the text about creativity in space with the
Exam file.
one giant leap for mankind. While many have 1 into protecting our
1 Why do you think this line from the first Moon landing is so planet and making the way we live more sustainable,
GO ON. GO SOLO.
1 come out I had ventured out of my comfort zone
1 Which different types of holiday does the speaker mention? 6 Read the article again. For questions 1–6, choose new materials and techniques.
2 associate and survived.
around 50 hours.
travel alone?
on the trip. He disagreed with every suggestion I made. If I forth over the destination, the timing, and apart from those boots! The website I found the only person you can totally rely on is
bought croissants for a makeshift breakfast after a night in the A a certainty that she had the courage to face the M01 Formula
of course the cost, and all thatCBremained
C1 WKey 20267_4p.indd
was 5littered with similarly useful little tips yourself. There isn’t always someone there 09/12/2020 12:28
tent, he’d go out to a pricey café. We didn’t quite come to challenge was to make the booking. At which point that a potential adventurous solo traveller to lift your luggage! And yes, there might be
blows but it was close – and I couldn’t wait for him to drop me B a fear of missing out on a great opportunity my two travelling companions got cold might hoard away for future reference. a few lonely times and no one there to relive
off at home. I really wished I’d gone on my own! C a desire to prove her friends wrong feet. Walking the Great Wall of China had My excitement grew. the memories with you on your return.
D a previous experience of a similar holiday sounded a fun challenge while it was still And then, at the airport, reality hit, and the But pitch all this against the freedom and
a dream, but when faced with the reality apprehension took over. I’d never travelled the independence, and there’s no contest!
3 The writer views the online advice given as they backed down and opted instead for a
EXAM FOCUS long-haul before or experienced that panic I am now a seasoned solo traveller.
A useful information when considering solo travelling. beach package on a Greek island. I couldn’t of possibly missing a connection. Struggling The stigma that used to be attached to people
B necessary advice for members of a group tour. believe it. My reaction was a grumpy ‘Well,
Students
comments; I assumed the writers had it in for the hotel. time of my life. Walking the Great Wall was breaks in the Caribbean.
A warn people against travelling solo in certain
as fascinating as I could possibly have I am very glad that my show of bravado
Implication: It was my own fault that we’d chosen a hotel that had countries.
imagined. And I made friends. I came back didn’t end up being just a ‘show’. It not only
a lot wrong with it. B describe an unavoidable occurrence when from that trip with promises to keep in opened my eyes to learning more
travelling.
C1 ADVANCED
C1
touch with a host of lovely, interesting about the world, but also to
C show how she has profited from experience. people. I savoured my achievement. learning more about myself and
4 Read the Exam focus. Choose which statements A–G are D indicate why people should speak other languages. I hope that some of you reading
ADVANCED
implied in the comment in Ex 3.
C1
before the trip. A Solo travellers need to be aware of their
FORMULA is the flexible, unique and enjoyable route to Cambridge exam success. Using Pearson’s trusted
exam know-how, FORMULA C1 ADVANCED takes a fresh approach to topics, units and components to B An experience like this tests the strength of a relationship. vulnerability.
create an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible
C The trip was decided at the last minute. B Travelling solo is more rewarding than in organised
COURSEBOOK and Interactive eBook
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital groups.
learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. ADVANCED D The travellers had different opinions and didn’t compromise.
C More unusual travel experiences are the most
lesson.
• Practice task sections including two, full length * with key only
Use of English tasks.
EXAM FILE
* available with and without key
boost sections.
• ‘Speaking or writing’ from the
Teachers
C1 ADVANCED
C1
ADVANCED
for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital
learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success.
FORMULA C1 Advanced Teacher’s Book with Presentation Tool, Digital Resources and App
provides:
• An introduction to the course and how it works • Downloadable teacher’s notes for the Exam Trainer
• Classroom teaching ideas with methodology • Coursebook and Exam Trainer audio and
sections including mindfulness for exams audioscripts
• Teaching notes with extra ideas for fast finishers, • Test package
alternative approaches and suggestions for • Grammar presentations PERFECT AND CONTINUOUS TENSES
dyslexic students
• Integrated answer key with smart answers for all
exam task exercises
•
•
Photocopiable activities
Accessibility and inclusion resources
REFERENCE to talk about an unfinished period of time up to the present,
past or future (often with for / since, this week / month / year).
1 Complete the sentences using the
correct present form of the verbs in
Working freelance
• About the C1 Advanced exam videos and sample
FOR EXAM SUCCESS TEACHER’S BOOK PERFECT AND CONTINUOUS TENSES
• Speaking and writing success criteria to help Irene has lived in Abu Dhabi for just over a year. brackets.
speaking test videos with Presentation Tool, Digital Resources and App Before going freelance, I 1was / ’d been travelling to work for
determine what makes a ‘solid’, ‘good’ and Simple aspect They had been married since early that year. 1 I a lot of headaches over a decade. I 2was trying / ’d tried doing the journey by train.
‘acing it’ exam answer • Pearson Practice English App containing
The action is viewed as a fact. We use this for routine or We won’t have seen him for a couple of months. over the last couple of months. (get)
• Presentation Tool for the Coursebook and course audio, exam videos and grammar There was a lot of staring out of windows and waiting because
practice activities regular repeated actions, habits and for permanent situations. 2 Karl from home at the
WRITING FILE
I’d been working on the essay for over two weeks. (publish) they 11don’t always ask / aren’t always asking me out. By the Part 2 Informal email or letter OVER TO
WRITING FILE
* available with and without key devote (yourself) to outlet capture the public’s
When Sam called, I was eating. boost your determination 7 giving someone more control over their own life 0 ambition o0o 5 traveller
to suggest the short-term nature of an activity. 6 I attention the strangest end of this week I 12’ll haveorbeen working / ’ll work from
fall for (nonsense) practical joke situation
changing/developing situations. I’ve been working in advertising for the past ten years but dismiss a theory messagecomefrom Karen about her plans for 1 suited 6 tension Now write you
Inma was improving her English.
follow through on
now feel it’s time for a change.
primate to blows
exceed (your) expectations the summer. (just have)
about home for two months and I’m guessing I13’ll have got through /
8 likely to make someone believe something that is
2 incapable 7 determination
EXAMPLE QUESTION Make sure tha
move on (with) ridge get cold feet ’m getting through 20 percentnot truemore work by then than I used
Lynda Edwards & Jacky Newbrook temporary situations. to suggest that
payansomeone
action is not
backcomplete.
for segment
play a joke on 7 Where
get stuck for words
of travelling to
to get through in the office. So, I 14’m not returning / won’t be Part 13Essay
regardless 8 theory EXAM HELP Unit 3 pp34–35 required in the
pearsonenglish.com/formula
pearsonenglish.com/formula next? (you / think)
I’d been trying pose a threat to 5 Complete the text with verb + noun collocations from expectation help to check
putto(yourself)
teach myself to play
for the piano but I’m still
He will be working as a cleaner until he can find a better job. get stung by returning to the daily commute any time soon! 4 • Reword others’ opinions if used as support. Read part of an email from a friend who is planning to visit your country.
forward stigma
annoying or surprising habits with always.
pretty terrible.
put forward (someone’s) take
realise an ambition 8 I
in retrospect
revising but I still the wordlist. EXAMPLE
8
QUESTION
1.3VF Listen again and repeat the words, using the • Add reasons to support your opinions and
release tension went out with my friends. (not finish)
I’m always forgetting to charge my mobile. We tend to prefer
read uptheon
perfect simple for talking
on about more
(something) in the same breath Unit 1 pp12–13, Unitstress.
correct word 6 pp66–67
Then write one more word or phrase examples to justify your arguments. Of course, I’d really like to see as much as I can but with so little time (only USEFUL LA
seasoned traveller 2 Five of these
permanent situations.
spring up
sentences contain errors.
let alone Pronunciation I’m not a particularly 1 , but I have from the word list which has the same word stress as the • Use linking expressions to connect ideas a week) I wonder if that’s feasible. Do you have any suggestions on where
She’s lived in Rome since she was a child. Adjectives
C1_TBK_CVR.indd All Pages 15/12/2020 11:34
present plans and arrangements for the future. Find the errors and correct them. been on a few holidays abroad with family and friends.You have listened to a radio discussion on how to get communities more
patterns below.
Are you doing anything next weekend? take (someone) in apprehensive
out of your comfort zone
4 Mark the three main stresses in each
Holidays the perfect opportunity to relax, unwindinvolved in environmental issues. You have made the notes below:
aresentence. within and across paragraphs. to go and what to do in your country? Beginning
We prefer to throw
use the perfect continuous
(yourself) into for more temporary 1 I’m lovingplay
living
onin London at the
ignorance 1 0o 4 oo0o
PERFECT ASPECT credible moment.rollIt’s off
great. 1 andsince I last saw you?that’s built up over months of
What have you been doing
2 • Try and make your conclusion persuasive. Thanks so m
situations. the tongue work or study. I’m not what you might call adventurous,Ideas 2foro0o 5 o0oo
making communities more Reply to the email offering your friend some advice.
unit
2 I totally for this 1 I’ve really put a lot of effort and energy into my new job – I love it. later today? It could be said that … Divide your
It was only the second time I had travelled by plane.
I feel that the situation will improve in the near future.
ridiculous story my classmate told me 6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of useful what it is you want?
‘Surely, we need something active to appeal one area in depth. I have to say that Victoria, where I week in Cam
(stative; feel = have an opinion) 2 The team have given a lot of time and attention to the project and 4 How / you / commute / when / train strike / happen / next week? letter into
and felt really silly! phrases from the wordlist. 3 Junior politicians should abstain Presenting an argument live, would be an excellent choice. Don’t forget
He will have missed at least ten of the classes this term. we’ve made great progress. 5 How long / you / not sleep / well? to young people like small groups in schools paragraphs,
3 I’ve been on British 1 I’m having second thoughts about moving to the USA criticising the government.
to talk about recent single actions with a present or past 3 Zeke suggested the idea of holding a talent contest and everyone 6 How many people / you / discuss / the problem with / last week / and colleges.’ For this reason, … Although … You could start by spending a couple of days in each of which Give my lov
history and it’s really interesting. now. It’s a bit scary and I’ve . 4 We’ve consented act as guarantors
result (often with just, already, yet). thought it would be a success. before / you / get a result? should cover
4 Who put salt in my coffee?! I’ll 2 Extreme sports are totally ! I’d much for our daughter, so that she can get a loan to set up her As a result, … While … Melbourne and then rent a car and head for the Great Apologisi
I’ve already started making spaghetti for dinner, so I don’t 4 New restaurants are appearing all over the town now it’s becoming 7 Why / he / always complain / about the food in our canteen? Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the ideas from your notes.
business. a different
rather do something safer indoors. Ocean Road. It’s a really spectacular road that follows
130
ready for the lesson ahead, and a cooler task to round Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 130-131
18
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F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd 18 19/01/2021 09:17
Create your own Formula
1 | ONE
VOCABULARY: Phrasal verbs 6 Complete the text about creativity in space with the
correct form of phrasal verbs from Ex 5. There are two
which you do not need to use.
That’s one small step for man,
one giant leap for mankind. While many have 1 into protecting our
1 Why do you think this line from the first Moon landing is so
famous? What do you know about the first Moon landing?
planet and making the way we live more sustainable,
some scientists say it’s inevitable that one day far in the Or, books closed. Use activity 1 as the warmer.
future, we’ll have to move to another planet.
2 1.1 Listen to an extract from a news report. What does We’ve 2 from wondering about how
the reporter say about Armstrong’s words after the first to build structures and keep ourselves alive in space,
Moon landing? to thinking about actual life in space. How would things
like creative pursuits work without gravity?
3 How has space travel affected life on Earth since the first
Moon landing? The Space Exploration Initiative 3
the idea of zero-gravity experiments to see how we’d
4 1.2 Listen to the rest of the news report. How many
of your ideas from Ex 3 does the reporter mention?
What else does she mention?
cope with the challenges. So far, the programme has
recruited people who work in fields not traditionally
4
space, including lab scientists, chefs
Students carry out activities 2—7.
and artists. One designer who’s already taken part
5 1.3 Complete the phrasal verbs from the recordings was fascinated by how weightlessness affects not only
with the correct preposition. Then listen again and check. the art itself but the artist, too. While creating a 3D
‘drawing’ in the air using a hot glue gun, she realised
forward into on (x2) to up with (x2)
that creative people will always find a way to express
6 (with 4 options to
choose from)
Use the Coursebook Presentation tool for 1 Complete the travel survey. Then discuss your answers.
each page.
the weather of the it to consider the
• Each question has four options to choose from. TASK destination? environment? 5 You are going to read an article about a solo traveller.
One long text having the opportunity the choice of travel Why did the writer end up travelling solo and how did
• The questions come in the same order as the information in the text. to relax? company?
SCORING the trip go?
• Some questions focus on a sentence or phrase in the text.
•
•
Other questions ask about a longer section of text.
It is always clear which part of the text the question refers to. You should not bring
2 marks per
question 2 1.4 Listen to one person’s response to one of the
questions in the survey and answer the questions below.
EXAM TASK
information from other parts of the text into your answers.
1 Which different types of holiday does the speaker mention? 6 Read the article again. For questions 1–6, choose
EXAM REFERENCE
2 What reasons does she give for going on different the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best
holidays with different people? according to the text.
What is being tested?
Are you ready for Reading and Use of English Part 5? Identify an area to improve. 11
Use the teacher’s notes to give you some 6
SECTION B
EXAM BOOST
Understanding purpose and attitude
SECTION A You may need to answer questions relating to the writer’s intention;
how they want the reader to be affected by a piece of writing,
Understanding inference and
implication
If time, go to the fold-out Exam file and
or a paragraph or extract. You will often need to read beyond one
or two sentences to decide what this is.
The multiple-choice questions and
options usually target implied but not 2
complete Exam boost Section A on page 10
Choose from the writer’s intentions, 1–6, regarding extracts A and B.
stated meaning in the text.
1
The writer wants to
in class; alternatively, students can complete
reassure people about the efforts to eliminate phone scamming.
1 Read the paragraph and answer the
questions. Find clues in the text for
your answers.
2
3
this section at home.
familiarise people with how to detect phone scammers.
correct an assumption related to phone scamming.
A 4 look at phone scamming from a humorous angle.
The following morning the 5 warn people about falling for phone scams.
ground was damp underfoot
6 explain why some people are more likely to be targeted than others.
and Joe needed to wear boots
to collect water from the stream. A
The clouds were hurtling across
the sky and he nearly got hit scammers as they have less experience of dealing with the tricks
Students can now complete the Exam task
It is often thought that elderly people are the main targets for phone
by a broken branch as he
stumbled in his hand-me-down
that are used by these criminals, unaware of the number and
type of scams being perpetrated these days. This is, however, a in the main unit, using the guidance they
generalisation and a misconception. Many older people, quite the
boots that were too big for him
along the track back up to the opposite, are extremely unwilling to interact with unknown callershave found in the fold-out Exam file and
tent, clutching his thin jacket and distrust anyone purporting to be a random computer engineer
to his chest with one hand and
swinging the bucket of water in
or bank official. Exam focus to help them.
the other. He hoped the weather B
forecast of torrential rain later Hannah looked across at Josh as his fingers flew over the
that morning would prove to keyboard. ‘You appear to be inspired.’
be wrong, as his parents had ‘Yes,’ Josh muttered, not wanting his flow to be interrupted. ‘It’s the
promised him a trip to the local article on scamming. I just want to get the right balance between
fairground and the attraction of informing and panicking. No point in scaring people half to death,
riding the big wheel had kept is there? And I don’t want to come across as critical of how some
him awake through much of the people believe anything they’re told.’
noisy night.
‘Even though that’s what it comes down to, isn’t it – gullibility?’
The phone started to ring, and Hannah answered it. ‘Hannah
1 What is implied about Barnes speaking.’ She frowned and passed it to Josh. ‘I don’t
a the weather when Joe went to believe it!’ she whispered. ‘Apparently there’s a problem with our
the stream? internet connection. The guy wants to talk you through …’
Josh disconnected the phone and smiled. ‘What were you saying
b the weather the previous night?
about gullibility?’
•
days to your country or area. Give:
reasons for your choice of accommodation, visits,
along with the Exam boost activity. 2 What would you say are the main advantages and
disadvantages of doing other things alone? •
transport, etc.
advice about what to avoid.
GO ON. GO SOLO.
I had ventured out of my comfort zone
and survived.
With that confidence I never looked back.
It was bravado at first, born of a desire to lacking the confidence to organise the It was empowering to realise that I was
put my friends’ backs up. In retrospect, whole trip myself. I booked on a group tour no longer dependent on the availability or
I don’t believe there was any real intention for solos, relying on the travel company to preferences of friends, and I became ever
of following through on my decision, organise accommodation, meals, guides more adventurous. Inevitably there have
but there again, perhaps it was my and any transfers necessary. All I had to been the mistakes; getting stung by taxi
subconscious talking when I announced do was get myself to the starting point drivers when I didn’t know the language
that I would do the trip solo. I was feeling of the trip and dutifully read up on all the well; having to ditch half my clothes
let down. A lot of time and energy had gone advice about preparation. Like, wearing because I couldn’t carry my backpack and
into discussing how best to profit from our in new walking boots beforehand and not more … But I’ve learnt from them. About
hard-earned holiday, and I’d thought it was packing them in hold baggage, in case it staying safe, about reading people and
settled. The three of us had been back and all got lost; everything being replaceable knowing who to trust. And knowing that
forth over the destination, the timing, and apart from those boots! The website I found the only person you can totally rely on is
of course the cost, and all that remained was littered with similarly useful little tips yourself. There isn’t always someone there
was to make the booking. At which point that a potential adventurous solo traveller to lift your luggage! And yes, there might be
my two travelling companions got cold might hoard away for future reference. a few lonely times and no one there to relive
feet. Walking the Great Wall of China had My excitement grew. the memories with you on your return.
sounded a fun challenge while it was still And then, at the airport, reality hit, and the But pitch all this against the freedom and
a dream, but when faced with the reality apprehension took over. I’d never travelled the independence, and there’s no contest!
they backed down and opted instead for a long-haul before or experienced that panic I am now a seasoned solo traveller.
beach package on a Greek island. I couldn’t of possibly missing a connection. Struggling The stigma that used to be attached to people
believe it. My reaction was a grumpy ‘Well, to find the right queue in a heaving, noisy travelling alone has gone. We are no longer
I’ll go on my own!’ And I did. sea of passengers was daunting, and seen as people with no friends, or easy
I can’t say that I didn’t have second thoughts. the second, third and fourth thoughts targets for the unscrupulous. And although
Yes, I was apprehensive and the ‘what-ifs’ were coming thick and fast. Even when the more adventurous might choose to
crowded in the more I thought about it. successfully boarded on the final leg of the organise their own trips in far-flung places,
However, my friends’ conviction that I would journey, the apprehension didn’t subside. there are many other options out there;
back down and a weird sense of elation I scanned the other passengers, wondering travel operators are addressing this growing
combined to boost my determination to see who might be in my group. Would we get trend and offer a wide range of holidays for
it through. And determined I was, although along? Was I going to regret the whole the individual traveller, from group camping
thing? The happy truth is that I had the tours in the Arctic to group luxury sunshine
time of my life. Walking the Great Wall was breaks in the Caribbean.
as fascinating as I could possibly have I am very glad that my show of bravado
imagined. And I made friends. I came back didn’t end up being just a ‘show’. It not only
from that trip with promises to keep in opened my eyes to learning more
touch with a host of lovely, interesting about the world, but also to
people. I savoured my achievement. learning more about myself and
I hope that some of you reading
this might be encouraged to do
the same.
p24
EXAM TRAINER p25 Ex 1
7
6
Now that it’s early spring, flowers have begun to spring
my garden!
When she got a promotion, she really threw herself
sometimes worked 14 hours a day!
everywhere in
Reading,
1
About C1
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 5 Multiple choice 7 It’s the exam tomorrow, so don’t forget to read up phrasal verbs!
8 Don’t forget to pay your brother back the meal; he paid for everything on
EXAM FILE p11 his credit card!
9 My father is so stubborn! Even when he knows he’s wrong, he never backs !
WHEN PLANNING YOUR HOLIDAY, HOW IMPORTANT IS 12 When I’m playing with my dog, sometimes I pretend to throw the ball but really, I hide it.
Use of English Part 5. Complete Exam file SECTION A on page 10. He falls it every time!
Less time
PHOTOCOPIABLE © Pearson Education Limited 2020 1
B annoyed by their change in attitude
Weeks of planning and anticipation and then what happens? C dismissive of their concerns about the proposed
Quick diagnostic test
Name: _________________________________
The dream road trip with a college friend proves to be a step holiday
Ask students to complete the
too far for friendship and ends up with the two of us travelling
D appreciative of their honesty
GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
EXAM FOCUS A useful information when considering solo travelling. 5 You can come on the hike with us, ____ you don’t start complaining about the distance!
improve.
B necessary advice for members of a group tour. A unless B as long as C if only
Understanding inference and implication C particularly valuable for people visiting China. 6 ____ the reporter announced the road closure, did I realise how bad the accident had been.
A writer will often not say things directly in a text but will make D optional reading for the inexperienced traveller. A While B Only when C Not only
implications. We might need to use synonyms, paraphrasing,
4 In paragraph 3 we learn that the writer 7 Bacterial growth in foods often impairs flavour. ____, it can also lead to food poisoning.
exemplification and logic to interpret underlying meaning.
A had an ingrained fear of flying. A Consequently B In contrast C Besides
Text: The kitchen hygiene was quite disgusting and would never B had regrets about her decision to go on this trip. 8 In order to run a successful company, it is essential to ____ track of your income and expenditure.
have passed any type of inspection.
C was concerned about some of the other passengers. A keep B follow C have
Implication: Customers risked getting ill after eating there. D caught the wrong connection at one airport.
9 The judge asked ____ the witness had not come forward earlier.
Text: Unfortunately, I disregarded the negative customer 5 The writer uses the example of being ‘stung by taxis’ to A whether B why C if
comments; I assumed the writers had it in for the hotel. A warn people against travelling solo in certain 10 The company had to apologise ____ consumers on the safety of their product range.
Implication: It was my own fault that we’d chosen a hotel that had countries. A that they mislead B for misleading C to mislead
a lot wrong with it. B describe an unavoidable occurrence when
11 They were asked to give the name of the perpetrator but they refused ____ it.
travelling. A to do B doing C to doing
C show how she has profited from experience.
4 Read the Exam focus. Choose which statements A–G are D indicate why people should speak other languages.
implied in the comment in Ex 3.
6 What point is the writer making in the final PHOTOCOPIABLE © Pearson Education Limited 2021
A The writer had doubts about travelling with their friend paragraphs?
B
before the trip.
An experience like this tests the strength of a relationship.
A Solo travellers need to be aware of their
vulnerability. Quick homework Fast finishers
Fast finishers activity from
B Travelling solo is more rewarding than in organised
C The trip was decided at the last minute. Fast finishers should try to deduce the meanings of
groups.
D The travellers had different opinions and didn’t compromise. unfamiliar lexical items in paragraphs 1 and 2 from the
C More unusual travel experiences are the most
20
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F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd 20 19/01/2021 09:17
HOW TO USE FORMULA FOR
AROUND 80 HOURS
EXAM FOCUSED WITH LANGUAGE Building block 2 SECTIONS IN CLASS
DEVELOPMENT Around 80 hours Use the main lessons, the additional 1 WRITING – Part 1 Essay
EXAM FILE p19
VOCABULARY FILE pp114–115
WRITING FILE p130
INTRODUCTION
Exam Trainer for homework 7 Read the Exam focus and choose which would
people work regular or flexible office hours,
constant connectivity means that they are
potentially always available and unable to
• beIntroduce
completely switch off. Work can intrude on free
students to the
1 What do you think is happening in the picture? Which person would time and personal lives. While the ability to get
you be in this situation?
immediate feedback or answers to questions can
2 1.13 Listen to a teacher explaining a game called Room 101. be important, people also need space to develop
• Integratepartner’s.
A lot of people are not happy with aspects of their Your class has had a discussion about aspects of working life today
Grammar,
that concern many people. You have made the notes below:
EXAM FOCUS
– always being at the end of a phone – You have listened to a radio discussion about factors that • commuting
is taken logically through your ideas. Think about:
and commuting to work, with all the delays there are think are important for a happy life. ‘Sitting in traffic jams is so frustrating.’
be dealing with, but not go into details of what you
but the worst, in my opinion, is constant connectivity. reasons in support of your answer.
B Working has changed significantly over the last few • close friends balanced, but still clarify your point of view, giving a
reason for your final decision.
you need
UNIT 1 VOCABULARY them.’
FILE Continuous signals 3had failed / been failingthe
4 Match or other trainsin4had
adjectives broken with their
the wordlist 7 I know you like playing jokes on me, but throwing eggs
1 behaving in an unfair or dishonest way 8 What a brilliant name for your company. It just
to talk about a recent activity when the effects of that activity six months next year because of her job.
They will live in a side street off the Ramblas.
can still beWORDLIST
seen in the present or past.
at all 6will be running / have run for the next four hours!’ Fury and is really memorable.
(live) 2 deserving or able to be believed or trusted
‘You feel good in yourself if you’re fit and Continuous aspect A: Why are you crying? B: I’ve been chopping onions.
all round! But now, for at least the forseeable future, I 7work /
4 My neighbours cut down two tall 3 worried or nervous about something you are going
Phrasal verbs Nouns Adjectives + prepositions
trees lastFixed phrasespeople am working from home. I 8to think / am thinking that being alone, Pronunciation
Conclusions
The action is continuous. We use the present continuous to emphasise the length or repetition of an action. month because do
healthy.’
back down camouflage regardless of dangerous. (alwaysconsidered
all things complain) over the last few weeks. I am moreis productive
better available and I feel that (o = weak, 0 = strong). Then listen and check.
actions happening at a particular moment. doesn’t have his phone switched on.
catch on fingerprint suited to They
5 at the forefrontthe results of friends and family respect5 the
frightening I 10ahave
fact that in / ammakes
way that having you less confident
A: Where’s Terry? In January he’ll have been working there for six years.
come out with leap the surveybeby the endtoofthink
inclined next week. certain hours in the day when I am ‘at work’ so to speak, and 0o o0o 0oo oo0o o0oo ooo0o
WRITING FILE
B: She’s in the kitchen – she’s making a cup of tea. Verb + noun collocations 6 tending to disagree with what other people tell you
I’d been working on the essay for over two weeks.
Part 2 Informal email or letter
WRITING FILE
(publish) they 11don’t always ask / aren’t always asking me out. By the
devote (yourself) to outlet capture the public’s
connectivity, on the other hand, seems to have become unscrupulous 5 He’s not understanding anything about else along to accompany me. It involved joining • leaflets Hi Sam, your friend why
I have eaten a lot today. Dynamic verbs can be used in simple and continuous 9 Complete the verbs with these prepositions. Which
technology. 5 1.1GF Listen and check. Then
a tour listencamp
to base again on
andMount
repeatEverest. I actually
Some
verbs + prepositions areopinions expressed
separable? in the discussion: you’ve decided
I overslept because I had forgotten to set my alarm. aspects. Stative verbs cannot normally be used in the
the sentences. USEFUL LANGUAGE I thought I’d better reply as quickly as possible since I
continuous.PRACTICE my own and not
5
6 I have a break at the moment in the to write.
We’ll have finished eating by the time you get here. ‘The recycling system is so complicated at the see you’re actually leaving next Monday. I’m so excited.
widely accepted as part and parcel of the working day
Building block 1 COMPONENTS
garden, so I’ll get back to you a bit later. only managed to make the journey without too much at from on to
authority before it dominates people’s lives completely. Presenting an argument live, would be an excellent choice.
(stative; feel = have an opinion) 2 The team have given a lot of time and attention to the project and phrases from the wordlist. toshould
youngabstain
people like small groups in schools
far as possible.
and felt really silly! 3 Junior politicians paragraphs,
He will have missed at least ten of the classes this term. we’ve made great progress. 5 How long / you / not sleep / well?
criticising the government.
and colleges.’
to talk about recent single actions with a present or past
3 I’ve been on British
3 Zeke suggested the idea of holding a talent contest and everyone 6
1 I’m having second thoughts about moving to the USA
How many people / you / discuss / the problem with / last week /
For this reason, … Although … You could start by spending a couple of days in each of which
history and it’s really interesting. now. It’s a bit scary and I’ve . 4 We’ve consented act as guarantors
result (often with just, already, yet). thought it would be a success. before / you / get a result? As a result, … While … Melbourne and then rent a car and head for the Great should cover
4 Who put salt in my coffee?! I’ll 2 Extreme sports are totally ! I’d much for our daughter, so that she can get a loan to set up her
Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the ideas from your notes.
D So, to conclude, I think constant connectivity is the
I’ve already started making spaghetti for dinner, so I don’t 7 Why / he / always complain / about the food in our canteen? a different
you
4 New restaurants are appearing all over the town now it’s becoming
rather do something safer indoors. business. This is due to … Many people feel … Ocean Road. It’s a really spectacular road that follows
want to go out. more prosperous. It / usually be / fantastic. You should explain which idea would be more effective in making element from
the coastline and stretches for over 250 kilometres. If
Students C1
98
affordable. 7 I was completely deceived by the guy’s story and gave him my last You may make useriding
people of the opinions
bicycles expressed
through the park. in the discussion, but you along, stopping for the night in Lorne or Apollo Bay.
really by him. Conclusion
advice from the Exam focus.
6 Our brand is with few coins.
5 My flatmate and I who should clean should use
7 your
I’ve noown
idea words as far
how Nicola as possible.
inferred all that You asked about things to do and I have to say it’s hard
I am in favour of … On the whole, …
C1
Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 114-115 I think we can try and make it easier for people to contribute to helping improve their
13/10/2020 16:40
Remember to use
I think you’d really enjoy that, too. person you are
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
dropped directly into people’s homes. In this way, local residents will definitely see them paragraph. get in and we’ll meet up somewhere. I might even join
C1 ADVANCED
C1
for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital Use an
learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. ADVANCED and may even, for example, keep the leaflet in their kitchen as a checklist to follow. you on the Ocean Road trip. appropriate
Digital resources
exam know-how, FORMULA C1 ADVANCED takes a fresh approach to topics, units and components to
• A part of each paper in each unit with an Exam • A Vocabulary file practising topic vocabulary and
create an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible paragraphs. • Use appropriate informal conventions to start/end your email/letter.
focus, strategies for improving performance and lexical sets for each unit. to involving people more widely in environmental issues because it is is very active and
EXAM TRAINER and Interactive eBook
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination • Group ideas into paragraphs and link them with informal connectors.
full exam task.
with key
and App
• A complete digital package including fully to see what they already know and allows reflection on current performance. A teach section provides 130
• A Speaking or writing activity in each skills Interactive eBook, Digital Resources and App practice of strategies and skills to improve learner performance and allows them to approach the exam
lesson offering flexibility to teachers for class or containing course audio, exam videos and with confidence. The final exam-compliant exam task tests how and Interactive eBook
well they can apply the strategies and skills
homework activities. grammar practice activities. they have practised.
• Practice task sections including two, full length * with key only Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 130-131
Use of English tasks.
FORMULA C1 Advanced Exam Trainer with key provides:
with key
pearsonenglish.com/formula For teachers For students Helen Chilton & Lynda Edwards
• Teacher’s Book with Presentation Tool, • Coursebook and Interactive eBook*,
Digital Resources and App including: Digital Resources and App
Digital resources
- Test package • Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook*,
- Photocopiable activities Digital Resources and App
management and mindfulness for exams • Exam Trainer Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources
and App WRITING – Part 1 Essay
* available with and without key
and App
ABOUT THE TASK Strategies and skills
TEACH
pearsonenglish.com/formula Mark Little
C1
your draft. Which university subjects should
Your class has watched a documentary on the impact of tourism on
a city. You have made the notes below: receive increased government funding?
3 How could you improve your draft?
ADVANCED • business studies
• art Some opinions expressed in the
C1
create an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible ‘We want industries other than tourism to thrive.’ ‘Many people see art as a luxury,
• the envir
environment
components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
TEACHER’S BOOK with Presentation Tool, Digital Resources and App
EXAM TRAINER 13
are given guidance and support on how to use the two core components either separately or together,
along with a range of resources to customise classes depending on course length and specific exam and explain which issue is more important
important, giving reasons in support of your answer.
The notes for each lesson provide: Building block 4 DIGITAL RESOURCES
• a Unit overview which summarises the content in Grammar presentations, photocopiable worksheets, tests,
each unit
videos, app
• a list of extra Formula Digital resources
• a dyslexia focus which highlights tasks which dyslexic
students might find challenging and provides ideas for Example teaching scenario
making suitable adjustments Depending on the number of classes within the
• a warmer task to focus students’ attention and get them 80-hour course, you could provide single skill or
ready for the lesson ahead, and a cooler task to round multiple skill lessons. For example, you may have
off the lesson 60 × 90-minute classes.
• detailed teacher’s notes for each exercise as well as
A 90-minute class may consist of the following:
embedded answer keys
Writing — Part 1 Essay. A lesson of this type would
• alternative approaches to some exercises
enable recycling of language from previous lessons, a
• flexible follow up to extend the previous activity
full introduction to this part of the exam and extensive
For the fastest path, use the basic notes; to extend the language input and practice.
lessons, use the activities in the tinted boxes.
21
www.frenglish.ru
F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd 21 19/01/2021 09:17
Create your own Formula
e f g h
This month I (start) At half past twelve At this time on Saturday I (finish) this work
going to the gym … tomorrow I (prepare) we (already arrived) … project …
lunch …
i j k l
I (sit) on a beach in the I (study) extra hard over I (sleep) really badly Before I turn 60 …
Caribbean … the last few weeks … lately …
1 2 3 4
… for my whole family — … in a van right now. … to get fit. … I (bought) my own
I hope they like it! home.
5 6 7 8
… to earn some extra … but I haven’t finished … a book about … because I have an
cash for the holidays. it yet. dinosaurs. exam coming up.
9 10 11 12
… so I’m exhausted … at the holiday house … by this time next … for my boss by next
today! in Crete. week — hopefully week.
a
relaxing in the sunshine!
Watch the About C1
b
c Advanced: Writing Part 1
d
e
f
video in the Digital resources.
g
h
i
j
k
l
PHOTOCOPIABLE © Pearson Education Limited 2020 3
reference in the Exam file before 2 1.13 Listen to a teacher explaining a game called Room 101. be important, people also need space to develop
• Content: This must be relevant, and use the ideas given. Address all parts of the task. What does the game involve? a good work–life balance, which in turn makes
workers more productive in the long term.
• Communicative achievement: Your essay must have a clear structure leading to a logical conclusion, and deal
3 Work in pairs. Why might people want to put these things in
important.
DURING THE TASK EXAM FOCUS
Things that concern many people about
• It is sometimes a good idea to note down points in a rough plan before starting to write the final version.
working life today: Structuring an essay
• Make the introduction engaging for the reader and present some background to the issues.
• constant connectivity Structure your essay clearly so that the target reader
• Develop your main points with reasons and examples.
• commuting
is taken logically through your ideas. Think about:
• Write a conclusion that reviews and summarises what you have written and clarifies your point of view.
• hot desking
Some opinions expressed in the discussion: Introduction: This should engage the reader and
outline or give background to the issues you will
AFTER THE TASK ‘You can never get away from work these days.’
be dealing with, but not go into details of what you
Read through the essay again and make sure that: ‘Sitting in traffic jams is so frustrating.’ will include in the main paragraphs, or your final
‘Never knowing where you’ll be working is really
• it is coherent and logical, uses formal or semi-formal language, and check for any mistakes. decision.
• you have done everything the task requires and rephrased any information from the input text in your own words.
12
... write the correct number of words? ............................................................................................................................
C
over the last year.’
‘It can be alarming to find out what is actually in
Students go to the
don’t work out at all, so they don’t get into the
habit. Once you get into something and you get
Complete Exam file SECTION A on page 18.
Some opinions expressed in the discussion? 4 Read the more appropriate extract again and
highlight examples of how the writer has created
‘A lot of people would like to use the centre but complex sentences.
the fees are too high.’
‘Many people aren’t really aware of the nutrition
values of different foods.’
‘People often enjoy exercising with other people
rather than on their own.’
22 answer.
You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions
expressed in the discussion, but you should use
your own words as far as possible.
F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd
18
22 19/01/2021 09:17
Create your own Formula
Refer students to the Writing file WRITING FILE Part 2 Informal email or
WRITING FILE
EXAMPLE QUESTION
on page 130 and go through the Part 1 Essay
EXAMPLE QUESTION
EXAM HELP
• Reword others’ opinions if used as support.
Unit 3 pp34–35
Read part of an email from a friend
in their essay.
connectivity – always being at the end of a phone – You have listened to a radio discussion about factors that Some opinions expressed in the discussion: USEFUL LANGUAGE I thought I’d better reply as quick
and commuting to work, with all the delays there are people think are important for a happy life. ‘The recycling system is so complicated at the see you’re actually leaving next M
today. I think both these things are concerning today, moment. If the council could make it easier to Introduction I can’t wait to see you.
but the worst, in my opinion, is constant connectivity. What is important for a happy life: follow, …’ Many people today think …
• close friends You’re right that in such a short t
B Working life has changed significantly over the last few ‘I think distributing advice leaflets to people’s Nowadays there is a problem with …
decades. Advanced communications technology has homes is the best system.’ possible to see everything. What I
• good level of health and fitness It could be said that …
improved efficiency at work and faster transport systems ‘Surely, we need something active to appeal one area in depth. I have to say th
• money
have allowed people to move out of cities and towns and Some opinions expressed in the discussion: to young people like small groups in schools Presenting an argument live, would be an excellent choice.
commute to work, giving them a greater choice of where and colleges.’
‘Friends are there to support you whenever For this reason, … Although … You could start by spending a cou
to make their home. But what about the downsides? you need them.’ As a result, … While … Melbourne and then rent a car an
Conclusions
C For me, the more serious concern is the intrusion of
‘You feel good in yourself if you’re fit and
healthy.’
‘If you haven’t got enough money, you
Students can then return to the main Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the ideas from your notes.
You should explain which idea would be more effective in making
communities more aware of environmental issues, giving reasons to
This is due to …
On the other hand, … According to …
Many people feel … Ocean Road. It’s a really spectacu
the coastline and stretches for ov
I were you, I’d plan to spend a cou
support your opinion. In contrast, …
file p130 to help them. to involving people more widely in environmental issues because it is is very active and
so likely to encourage young people’s involvement. And these people will be the next
paragraphs. • Use appropriate informal conven
• Group ideas into paragraphs and
• Use language that is appropriate
generation who will be responsible for the environment, so to train them is vital.
130
pp52–53
EXAM TRAINER p54 Exs 6–7
13
UNIT 1 VOCABULARY FILE 4 Match the adjectives in the wordlist with their 7 I know you like playing jokes on me, but throwing eggs
VOCABULARY FILE | UNIT 1
1 behaving in an unfair or dishonest way 8 What a brilliant name for your company. It just
WORDLIST 2 deserving or able to be believed or trusted
and is really memorable.
2
Suzie is with her life
now, after being off sick for a while.
I totally for this
back down devote (yourself) to follow through on
put forward spring up take (someone) in throw (yourself) into
do some other interesting trips in the future, too.
2
plans for a new motorway nearby.
I’m sorry but I’ve no idea what you’re hinting
. Why don’t you just tell me straight
1 I’ve really put a lot of effort and energy into my new job – I love it.
pages 114—115. ridiculous story my classmate told me 6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of useful what it is you want?
2 The team have given a lot of time and attention to the project and phrases from the wordlist.
and felt really silly! 3 Junior politicians should abstain
we’ve made great progress.
3 I’ve been on British 1 I’m having second thoughts about moving to the USA criticising the government.
3 Zeke suggested the idea of holding a talent contest and everyone
history and it’s really interesting. now. It’s a bit scary and I’ve . 4 We’ve consented act as guarantors
thought it would be a success.
4 Who put salt in my coffee?! I’ll 2 Extreme sports are totally ! I’d much for our daughter, so that she can get a loan to set up her
4 New restaurants are appearing all over the town now it’s becoming business.
you rather do something safer indoors.
more prosperous.
for that when I find out! 3 I just do not know what to say! I’m completely 5 I pride myself meeting work
5 It’s OK making promises but you need to carry them out. deadlines, no matter how challenging it is to do so.
5 I don’t think the technology !
on until it’s more 6 Jenny never admits to being wrong in an argument. It’s really frustrating. 6 The council have imposed a ban
4 That taxi driver charged me an absolute fortune. I’ve
affordable. 7 I was completely deceived by the guy’s story and gave him my last really by him. people riding bicycles through the park.
6 Our brand is with few coins. 7 I’ve no idea how Nicola inferred all that
5 My flatmate and I who should clean
luxury. the dishes yesterday. We’ve made up now, though. what I said. She’s got the wrong end
3 1.1VF Listen and decide what noun from the wordlist is being
of the stick.
7 Daniel with this really described by each person. 6 , I should have studied tourism
funny joke the other day – we couldn’t instead of history at university. It would’ve helped me 8 What are you peering through the
stop laughing. 1 4 7 window? The neighbours will think you’re spying
get a job as a holiday rep more easily.
8 Sam’s thinking about 2 5 8 on them!
himself for president 3 6
114 of the chess club. 115
In Speaking Part 1, the examiner asks you some questions Tell the examiner if you don’t understand any of the Extending your answers
about you and your opinions. questions, but remember that you can only ask for
This allows you a little time to settle into the test before repetition, not explanation. TIP: If you practise adding phrases to your answers
you do more challenging tasks. Listen to what your partner says, because you can which allow you to give reasons and add information,
comment briefly on this if the examiner then asks you the this will encourage you to say more.
It tests your ability to use general social and interactional
language. same question.
The first few questions ask for information about you. You shouldn’t talk to your partner in this part, so remember
The following questions ask for your opinions about not to interrupt them, or agree or disagree with what they
everyday topics. are saying.
The examiner will ask you and your partner questions You should give interesting answers, but don’t speak for
individually. too long.
This part of the test takes about two minutes.
A I think it’s one of the best places in the world. I love it.
1 S01 Listen to these Speaking Part 1 questions. B I liked the city, the different facilities there, and I also Unit 1 language test
Think about the best way to respond to them, then loved the beach, the landscape and the climate. Name: _________________________________
answer them. C I really liked the fact that it’s a small city – not so
88
English instead.
C Definitely not writing or grammar exercises! EXAM BOOST
SECTION B
Complex sentences
Cooler VOCABULARY: Fixed phrases
Choose the correct options to complete the text.
22 It is beneficial to go out of your comfort
____________ when you are a young adult, by
perhaps travelling to faraway countries.
Cooler activity Students check back on the predictions regarding unit Climate change poses a 11
dangerous / threat to
SECTION A In addition to ensuring your essay has a clear structure 23 In the same ____________ as saying how
M04 FMLA ETC1 WKey 20298.indd 88 09/12/2020 12:36 everybody on this planet, yet many people do little to tolerant he was, my manager then began to explain
and appropriate tone, it is important to use a range of
Structuring an essay
Less time
everything I hadn’t done to his st
standard in the past
see how many came up. Ask students to look back probably all know one or two 13
hardened / 24 When Joaquin won the scholarship over all the
ideas clearly and effectively.
Book.
am looking forward to taking part in their annual A can’t make a difference. However, you can 14
boost /
__/25
B
competition at the end of June.’
‘The cost of using the swimming pool has doubled
Kids need to learn how to keep fit. Lots of them
just hang out with their mates after school and
choices as a class. PHOTOCOPIABLE
PIABLE © Pearson Educa
Education
ation Limited 2021
at home.
classes at secondary schools so that students can
cook cheap meals when they leave home.’ aren’t you? I vote for building a skateboarding
park in the park.
You have had a class discussion on what could be
done by the council in your area to help improve B
people’s health and fitness levels. You have made What is really important is for adults to be role
the notes below. models for their children, and if they eat healthily
and use sporting facilities, their children will follow
How to help improve local people’s health and
UNIT 1 GRAMMAR FILE PRACTICE 3 Choose the correct alternatives.
suit and feel that a healthy lifestyle is normal.
GRAMMAR FILE | UNIT 1
UNIT 1 VOCABULARY FILE a wide range of facilities for both families and
PERFECT AND CONTINUOUS TENSES
Irene has lived in Abu Dhabi for just over a year. brackets. 4 Match the adjectives in the wordlist with their 7 I know you like playing jokes on me, but throwing eggs
VOCABULARY FILE | UNIT 1
Continuous
2
over the last couple of months. (get)
Karl from home at the
There was a lot of staring out of windows and waiting because
WORDLIST
signals 3had failed / been failing or other trains 4had broken
1
2
behaving in an unfair or dishonest way
deserving or able to be believed or trusted
8 What a brilliant name for your company. It just
and is really memorable. • Distribute nutrition leaflets through the individuals, is relatively expensive. Therefore,
I don’t eat meat. moment. (work) 3 worried or nervous about something you are going
local surgery I believe that providing cheaper access to the
Quick homework
down / been breaking down. Once we 5were waiting / waited Pronunciation
I usually got the tram to work.
We use the perfect continuous: 3 Rafaella in Sweden for Phrasal verbs Nouns Adjectives + prepositions Fixed phrases to do
for the train to leave when the station announcer said, ‘No trains
to talk about a recent activity when the effects of that activity six months next year because of her job. associated with bravado incapable of a step too far 7 1.2VF Match the word stress patterns to the words
They will live in a side street off the Ramblas. at all 6will be running / have run for the next four hours!’ Fury 4 made to be used for only a short time when nothing
Continuous aspect
can still be seen in the present or past.
A: Why are you crying? B: I’ve been chopping onions. 4
(live)
My neighbours cut down two tall
back down
all round! But now, for at least the forseeable future, I 7work /
catch on
am working from home. I 8think / am thinking that being alone,
camouflage
fingerprint
regardless of
suited to
all things considered
at the forefront 5
better is available
frightening in a way that makes you less confident
(o = weak, 0 = strong). Then listen and check.
• Organise fun runs and outdoor group exercise leisure centre is definitely the way forward,
and would be welcomed by the community.
trees last month because people 0o o0o 0oo oo0o o0oo ooo0o
sessions in local park
The action is continuous. We use the present continuous to emphasise the length or repetition of an action. come out with leap be inclined to think 6 tending to disagree with what other people tell you
that they were without distractions, 9has benefitted / benefitted me considerably Verb + noun collocations
when we use dynamic (action) verbs to talk about: I’ve been trying to get through to Max all morning, but he devote (yourself) to outlet capture the public’s
dangerous. (always complain) over the last few weeks. I am more productive and I feel that boost your determination 7 giving someone more control over their own life 0 ambition o0o 5 traveller
actions happening at a particular moment. doesn’t have his phone switched on. fall for (nonsense) practical joke attention
dismiss a theory or situation
5 They the results of friends and family respect the fact that I 10have / am having come to blows about
1 suited 6 tension
A: Where’s Terry? In January he’ll have been working there for six years. follow through on primate 8 likely to make someone believe something that is
the survey by the end of next week. certain hours in the day when I am ‘at work’ so to speak, and exceed (your) expectations 2 incapable 7 determination
B: She’s in the kitchen – she’s making a cup of tea. I’d been working on the essay for over two weeks. move on (with) ridge get cold feet not true
4 Read the more appropriate extract again and
(publish) they 11don’t always ask / aren’t always asking me out. By the play a joke on 3 regardless 8 theory
Unit 1 activities.
We prefer to use the perfect continuous for more temporary 1 I’m loving living in London at the makeshift
travelling solo would be my worst nightmare! So, it
PERFECT ASPECT situations.
She’d been living out of suitcase for months, so she was 2
moment. It’s great.
They’re having three children: Hanna,
1
2
What have you been doing since I last saw you?
How have you been feeling over the last few days?
misleading
sceptical
may come as a bit of a surprise to you that I recently VOCABULARY BOOST values of different foods.’
Simple 4
of mine without dragging anyone
glad to get home. Charlie and Aurora. 3 Where had you been working before coming here? unscrupulous else along to accompany me. It involved joining 9 Complete the verbs with these prepositions. Which
‘People often enjoy exercising with other people
The action happened at some unknown time between then,
STATIVE AND DYNAMIC VERBS 3 She denies having had anything to do 4 How will you be commuting when the job hours change? a tour to base camp on Mount Everest. I actually
the past, and now, the present time of speaking; a point verbs + prepositions are separable?
with the robbery.
before a time in the past; the present and a point of time in There are two categories for verbs in English: stative verbs 5 PRACTICE
What’s been the most important thing you’ve learnt today? 5
my own and not
the future.
I have eaten a lot today.
and dynamic verbs.
4
5
This soup tastes a bit strange.
He’s not understanding anything about
6 How much will you have earned by the end of the year?
1 Complete the sentences with the 2 Replace the phrases in bold with the correct form of these phrasal verbs.
only managed to make the journey without too much
of a struggle, but I made some great friends, too.
at from on to
rather than on their own.’
Dynamic verbs can be used in simple and continuous
technology. 5 correct
1.1GF Listen and check. Then listen formand
again of verbs
repeatfrom the wordlist. It’s really 6 my to 1 Residents of the town objected the
I overslept because I had forgotten to set my alarm. aspects. Stative verbs cannot normally be used in the back down devote (yourself) to follow through on
the sentences. 1 Suzie is with her life do some other interesting trips in the future, too. plans for a new motorway nearby.
continuous. 6 I have a break at the moment in the
We’ll have finished eating by the time you get here. put forward spring up take (someone) in throw (yourself) into
garden, so I’ll get back to you a bit later. now, after being off sick for a while. 2 I’m sorry but I’ve no idea what you’re hinting
Some verbs have both stative and dynamic meanings. 6 Make questions from the prompts. Put the verbs in the correct forms.
We use the perfect simple:
to talk about states, single or repeated actions over a long
We only use them in continuous forms with their dynamic 7 We were thinking about whether to visit
you while in London, but decided there 1
2 I totally
What you / work on / when / the computer
ridiculous/ crash?
for this
story my classmate told me
1 I’ve really put a lot of effort and energy into my new job – I love it.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of useful what it is you want?
Write an essay discussing two of the points in your
. Why don’t you just tell me straight
meaning, but not with their stative meaning. 2 The team have given a lot of time and attention to the project and
period of time up to the present (often with ever / never,
often / always).
I was feeling a bit rundown. (dynamic; feel = experience
8
wasn’t enough time.
I’ll believe it when I am seeing it!
2
3
How long / plane fly / before / theyand
How much / report / you complete
serve
/ bybeen
3 I’ve
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silly!
the time / you leave / on British
we’ve made great progress.
1
phrases from the wordlist.
I’m having second thoughts about moving to the USA
3 Junior politicians should abstain
criticising the government.
notes. You should explain which idea would be
a feeling or emotion) 3 Zeke suggested the idea of holding a talent contest and everyone
I’ve always dreamt of visiting New York
It was only the second time I had travelled by plane.
I feel that the situation will improve in the near future.
4
later today? history and it’s really interesting.
How / you / commute / when /4train strike
Who put/ happen
salt in my/ next week?
coffee?! I’ll
thought it would be a success.
2
now. It’s a bit scary and I’ve
Extreme sports are totally
.
! I’d much
4 We’ve consented
more effective, giving reasons in support of your
act as guarantors
for our daughter, so that she can get a loan to set up her
(stative; feel = have an opinion) 4 New restaurants are appearing all over the town now it’s becoming
He will have missed at least ten of the classes this term. 5 How long / you / not sleep / well? you
for that when I find out!
more prosperous.
3
rather do something safer indoors.
I just do not know what to say! I’m completely 5
business.
I pride myself meeting work
answer.
to talk about recent single actions with a present or past 6 How many people / you / discuss / the problem with / last week / 5 It’s OK making promises but you need to carry them out. deadlines, no matter how challenging it is to do so.
result (often with just, already, yet).
I’ve already started making spaghetti for dinner, so I don’t 7
before / you / get a result? 5 I don’t think the technology
on until it’s more
Why / he / always complain / about the food in our canteen?
6 Jenny never admits to being wrong in an argument. It’s really frustrating.
4
!
That taxi driver charged me an absolute fortune. I’ve 6 The council have imposed a ban You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions
people riding bicycles through the park.
expressed in the discussion, but you should use
affordable. 7 I was completely deceived by the guy’s story and gave him my last really by him.
want to go out. It / usually be / fantastic.
6 Our brand is with few coins. 7 I’ve no idea how Nicola inferred all that
I’d just got back from Australia so I was tired. 5 My flatmate and I who should clean
what I said. She’s got the wrong end
your own words as far as possible.
luxury. the dishes yesterday. We’ve made up now, though.
3 1.1VF Listen and decide what noun from the wordlist is being
of the stick.
98 7 Daniel with this really
99 described by each person. 6 , I should have studied tourism
funny joke the other day – we couldn’t instead of history at university. It would’ve helped me 8 What are you peering through the
stop laughing. 1 4 7 window? The neighbours will think you’re spying
get a job as a holiday rep more easily.
Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 98-99 8 Sam’s thinking about
himself
2
13/10/2020 16:40
for president 3
5
6
8 on them!
2 Plan your essay. Decide how many paragraphs
114 of the chess club.
and 115
what each will contain.
Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 114-115 13/10/2020 16:40
18
23
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F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd 23 19/01/2021 09:17
Introduction
1 We’re all ‘one of a kind’, they say. But, what makes each EXAM BOOST p4
of us unique?
Complete Exam file SECTION A on page 4.
EXTENSIVE EXAM
What, in his AND
2
opinion, is the most LANGUAGE
likely reason that we EXAM TASK Building block 2 SECTIONS IN CLASS
1.9 Listen to a scientist talking about fingerprints.
have them?
DEVELOPMENT
3
Around 100 hours 6 For questions Use1–8,all
readthe
the Coursebook
text below and thinkcontent,
of the Test 1 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 2 Open cloze
EXAM BOOST p4
EXAM FILE p5
GRAMMAR FILE pp98–99
Listen again and answer the questions. word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each
1.10 2
of us unique?
FORMULA4C1Why ADVANCED
doesn’t it matter Coursebook and Exam Trainer
6 This helps us to sense what we’re (hold).
(4) you’re anything like most people, you’ve
can be used in different ways depending on the overallHumans are (0)• Integrate
Man for at least 200 years, have little or no tail due to a
naturally occurring genetic mutation. identity (8) the use of
Grammar, Vocabulary,
touchscreens or other recognition devices.
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(ponder).
p11
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regular repeated actions, habits and for permanent situations.
We won’t have seen him for a couple of months.
2
over the last couple of months. (get)
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come out with leap inclined to think (publish) 0o o0o 0o
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tell you always ask / aren’t always
awareness and
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devote (yourself) to outlet to suggest the short-term nature of an activity.
capture the public’s 6 I the strangest
boost your determination 7 giving someone more control over theirend own this week I 12’ll0have
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ten years but message or from Karen about her plans for
C1 ADVANCED
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Inma was improving her English.
follow through on primate now feel it’s time for a change. come to blows about the summer. (just have)
Part 2
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WRITING FILE
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temporary situations. play a joke on to get through in the office. So, I 14’m not
next? (you / think) 3 regardless
• Coursebook
pay someone
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as a cleaner for he can fisegment
nd a better job. piano I’m still returning to the daily commute any time
or answer.
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seasoned traveller
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C1 ADVANCED
(7)
for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital
spring up She’s lived in Rome since she was a child.let alone errors correct them. from the word li
learning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. ADVANCED Unit 1 pp12–13, Unit 6 pp66–67 Adjectives examples to justify your arguments. Ofbeen
course,on aI’dfewreally like to
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FORMULA C1 Advanced Coursebook with key provides: Simple daunting • out
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• A part of each paper in each unit with an Exam • A Vocabulary file practising topic vocabulary and create an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible theaware of now,
past, and environmental issues
the present time makeshift
of speaking; a point STATIVE AND DYNAMIC your email
focus, strategies for improving performance and lexical sets for each unit. components are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
full exam task. for longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital before a timerecycling
• easy in the past; the present and a point
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verbs 5 What’s been the most important thing y
and App2 As we
language focuses from every lesson. to see what they already know and allows reflection on current performance. A teach section provides
I overslept because I had forgotten to set my alarm. aspects. Stative verbs cannot normally be used in the
• Exam Trainer
6
or the
from Reading and Use of English Part 1 to the Speaking paper.
period of time up to the present (often with ever / never, wasn’tYou’re right thatinteresting
in such a short
• Teacher’s Book with Presentation Tool, • Coursebook and Interactive eBook*,
Speaking Part 4. • Tips from exam experts on how to approach
1 Suzie is ‘I think distributing with advice I backfeeling
was
her life leaflets to people’s
down a devote
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being off feeling or emotion) 8 I’ll believe it when I am How / report /2youI’m
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- Test package • Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook*,
each paper. • Smart answer key* for all exam task exercises.
FOR EXAM SUCCESS EXAM TRAINER with key I’ve always dreamt of visiting New York
is sick
the for a while.
best system.’ Divide your
- Photocopiable activities Digital Resources and App • About the exam sections give comprehensive • A complete digital package including fully It could be said that … later today?
one area in depth. I have to say that Victoria, where I
2 I totally for something
this I feel that the situation will improve in the near future.
pinecone fish, which lights up its prey with its jaw It was only the second time‘Surely,
information about each exam part.
we need active
1 toI’ve
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/ commuteletter into
• Coursebook Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources Interactive eBook, Digital Resources and App
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and App • Detailed Strategies and skills input and activities * with key only
andsilly!
colleges.’ we’ve made great For this reason, …
progress. Although … You could start by spending a couple of days in each of which
* available with and without key to boost exam performance Part-by-Part. READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 2 Open cloze 1 I’m having second thoughts about moving 6 How to the
manyUSA
people / you criticising
/ discuss the go
I’vesingle
to talk about 3recent been actions with a present on British
or past cover/ the p
hunting.
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Sheila Dignen & Jacky Newbrook
Digital resources
- Test package • Exam Trainer and Interactive eBook*, In Reading and Use of English Part 2, you a short text
more prosperous. The gaps test your understanding of different kinds of
for that when I find out! I were you,
do I’d
notplan towhat
spendto a couple of days driving 5 I pride myself
3
Digital Resources and App
I’d just got back from 3
support your hasAustralia
opinion. so I in
wasit.tired.
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Formula_C1_CBKKEY_CVR.indd All Pages
• Coursebook Interactive eBook*, Digital Resources
16/12/2020 10:08
which eight gaps You have to think of
5 the
It’sword grammar,
OK making promises e.g.
but you need to carry them out. deadlines, no m
along, stopping for the night in Lorne or Apollo Bay.
- Grammar presentations
You may make 5 I don’t think the technology !
and App
thatuse bestoffithe opinions
ts each gap. expressed in the discussion, but you prepositions, relative pronouns, articles, etc.
6 Jenny never admits Conclusion
- Guides on dyslexia, classroom
98should use your own words as far on until it’s more to being wrong in an argument. It’s really frustrating. 6 The council have
Mark Little
Coursebook.
affordable. 7 I was completely deceivedin favour
by the guy’s storyOn
andthe whole,
gave … last
him my really by him. people riding b
and App
5 My flatmate and I who should clean
Mark Little the text
Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 98-99and the meaning of the text. The answer is always a single word. definitely try yesterday.
to visit theWe’ve
National Gallery of though.
Victoria
EXAMPLE ANSWER
pearsonenglish.com/formula
luxury. the dishes made up now,
The word you write must be spelled correctly,3and must
1.1VF Listen and decide what noun from the wordlist is being
fit Occasionally, there is more than one possible correct answer. and the South Bank ,complex Close your
I should which is nearby. There are
7 Daniel with this really of the stick.
6 have studied tourism
other large cats, they can’t roar, so you’d never hear one
the funny
gap grammatically. described by each person. email or letter
joke the other day – we Each question is worth one mark.
couldn’t nowadays, but not everyone some greatofbars andatrestaurants
university. Itthere. On helped
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Everyone is very concerned about the environment Use your introduction to instead history would’ve me
by window?
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Formula_C1_ETKEY_CVR.indd All Pages 15/12/2020 11:34
Youstop cannot write contractions such as don’t or1 won’t.
laughing. 4 7 The ne
along
getthe Ocean Road you’ll see alleasily.
the famous surf
beginning of each
Teachers
the word fits each Use an
answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example and may even, eachforgap.example,
There iskeep the leaflet
an example at in
thetheir kitchen(0).
beginning Which answer
as a checklist to follow. you on the Ocean Road trip. appropriate
at the beginning (0). When youthat’s
is a dependent preposition are explaining
used with an adjective?
by predators for centuries with their camouflaged form Another immediate way to involve communities would be to set up ‘clean-up’ groups.
a All the best, informal
IS THE 10,000 HOUR RULE A MYTH? THE WHALE TAIL DATABASE why your chosen idea
b is a relative pronoun? phrase for
Test sections.
C1 ADVANCED
C1
These groups could not only do occasional cleaning of neglected areas such as parks but is the most effective, Alex
c is a pronoun in a fixed phrase? closing your
For a number of years, there has been a membersEachcould also face
human trainistounique,
become mentors
making whofor
it easy gous
into schools and make students remember not to repeat email or letter.
C1
reate an effective exam-focused package whatever your teaching and learning scenario. Its truly flexible so likely to encourage young people’s involvement. And these people will be theSection
next of text • Use language that is appropriate for the person you’re writing to.
test. The (2) originally appeared in a (2) an alternative means of recognition.
Teacher’s Booksquirted
and Digital
at her fromresources
omponents are designed to work independently for short and intensive preparation or in combination
TEACHER’S BOOK with Presentation Tool, Digital Resources and App
or longer exam courses. Adaptable for the classroom, independent study and blended to fully digital generation who will be responsible for the environment, so to train them is vital. When (1) comes to
earning environments – create your own FORMULA for exam success. popular psychology title, Outliers, by Malcolm Gladwell. Research teams worldwide have long used the whales’
A key stipulation of the concept was that the practice to turn (2)
Speaking or writing
alternative approaches and suggestions for • Grammar presentations
dyslexic students individuals in resting, calving and feeding c on the subject of
Integrated answer key with smart answers for all
• Photocopiable activities deliberate practice (7) for just 21 percent
areas around the world. d know about
exam task exercises • Accessibility and inclusion resources
FOR EXAM SUCCESS TEACHER’S BOOK of the observed improvement. When it comes to professions
p11
* available with and without key 4 A complete B succeed C meet D reach
10 EXAM TRAINER
5 A pointed B finished C decided D achieved
6 A uncovers B reveals C exposes D releases
p12 Ex 1
pearsonenglish.com/formula
pearsonenglish.com/formula Lynda Edwards & Jacky Newbrook
7 A amounts B accounts C generates D justifies
8 A cautiously B uncertainly C doubtfully D arguably
11
• a Unit overview which summarises the content in each Building block 4 DIGITAL RESOURCES
unit
• a list of extra Formula Digital resources Grammar presentations, photocopiable worksheets, tests,
• a dyslexia focus which highlights tasks which dyslexic videos, app
students might find challenging and provides ideas for
making suitable adjustments Example teaching scenario
• a warmer task to focus students’ attention and get them
Depending on the number of classes within the
ready for the lesson ahead, and a cooler task to round
100—120-hour course, you could provide single or
off the lesson
multiple skill lessons. For example, you may have
• detailed teacher’s notes for each exercise as well as
60 × 2-hour classes.
embedded answer keys
• alternative approaches to some exercises A 2-hour class may consist of the following: Reading
• flexible follow up to extend the previous activity and Use of English — Part 2 Open cloze. A lesson of
this type would enable recycling of language from
For the fastest path, use the basic notes; to extend the previous lessons, a full introduction to this part of the
lessons, use the activities in the tinted boxes. exam and extensive language input and practice.
24
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F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd 24 19/01/2021 09:18
Create your own Formula
language from earlier in the unit. 1C Perfect and continuous tenses — Match Dash!
a b c d
They (travel) around Currently, I (work) Recently, I (reading) a At the moment I
the country … double shifts … novel, … (read) …
e f g h
This month I (start) At half past twelve At this time on Saturday I (finish) this work
going to the gym … tomorrow I (prepare) we (already arrived) … project …
lunch …
i j k l
I (sit) on a beach in the I (study) extra hard over I (sleep) really badly Before I turn 60 …
Caribbean … the last few weeks … lately …
1 2 3 4
… for my whole family — … in a van right now. … to get fit. … I (bought) my own
I hope they like it! home.
5 6 7 8
… to earn some extra … but I haven’t finished … a book about … because I have an
cash for the holidays. it yet. dinosaurs. exam coming up.
9 10 11 12
… so I’m exhausted … at the holiday house … by this time next … for my boss by next
today! in Crete. week — hopefully week.
relaxing in the sunshine!
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
PHOTOCOPIABLE © Pearson Education Limited 2020 3
In Reading and Use of English Part 2, you read a short text The gaps test your understanding of different kinds of
Use the Exam Trainer Presentation tool
for the page.
which has eight gaps in it. You have to think of the word grammar, e.g. auxiliary and modal verbs, dependent
that best fits each gap. prepositions, relative pronouns, articles, etc.
There are no options to choose from. They also test your knowledge of phrasal verbs, linking
You have to think about the structure of the language in words and expressions and fixed phrases.
the text and the meaning of the text. The answer is always a single word.
The word you write must be spelled correctly, and must fit Occasionally, there is more than one possible correct answer.
the gap grammatically. Each question is worth one mark.
You cannot write contractions such as don’t or won’t.
M TASK 1 Read the first paragraph of a text about a project 2 Check your answers.
activities 1—4.
beginning (0). a is a dependent preposition that’s used with an adjective?
THE 10,000 HOUR RULE A MYTH? THE WHALE TAIL DATABASE b is a relative pronoun?
c is a pronoun in a fixed phrase?
number of years, there has been a Each human face is unique, making it easy for us
d is a phrasal verb particle?
y-(0) D belief that practising a to differentiate (0) BETWEEN people we
ular skill for 10,000 hours will turn anyone into a e is an adverb used in a fixed expression?
know and those we have never previously met.
-class expert. Perhaps unsurprisingly, few have been When (1) comes to attempting to 4 Match the sections of the text with their paraphrases a–e.
ently (1) to put this theory to the identify a humpback whale, however, we have to turn
Section of text
The (2) originally appeared in a (2) an alternative means of recognition.
When (1) comes to
11
tool for the page. 1 We’re all ‘one of a kind’, they say. But, what makes each
of us unique?
EXAM BOOST p4
4 Complete the sentences from the talk with the correct Humans are (0) NOT the only mammals
form of the verbs in brackets. to have features that uniquely identify individuals.
Other primates also have finger and toe prints, no two of
1 This is a question that scientists have long which are the same. Scientists (1) recently
(ponder).
discovered that koalas have fingerprints, too, which are just
2 But scientists have (dismiss) this theory. (2) individual. And now, the stripes and
3 Although it was something that had spots of animals such as cattle and zebra, which zoologists
understanding.
(4) you’re anything like most people, you’ve
5 Complete the sentences about unusual animals and probably (5) using the same passwords for
their unique characteristics. Use an appropriate form the last few years, and (6) now becoming
of the verbs in brackets. There may be more than one concerned that someone will eventually crack your ‘code’
correct answer. and steal your identity. But biometric authentication is likely
(7) be at the forefront of rapid advances
1 Manx cats, which (live) on the Isle of
Man for at least 200 years, have little or no tail due to a in IT security, and rely on unique personal data to confirm
naturally occurring genetic mutation. identity (8) the use of
touchscreens or other recognition devices.
2 As we (peer) into the depths of
the ocean, we noticed the natural ‘headlights’ of the
pinecone fish, which lights up its prey with its jaw
when hunting.
3 I (film) in the mountains of Central Asia
for weeks before I finally spotted a snow leopard – unlike
other large cats, they can’t roar, so you’d never hear one
approaching!
4 Leafy sea dragon fish (evade) capture
by predators for centuries with their camouflaged form
that looks just like seaweed.
5 Fran (just, finish) photographing a
horned lizard when it suddenly squirted at her from its
eyes – one of the stranger traits of this particular animal!
6 Is that a mimic octopus? What
(it, disguise) itself as? I know it can mimic a lot of other Speaking or writing
sea creatures as a defence mechanism but I’ve no idea
Go to page 92 for these exercises.
what that is!
p11
10 EXAM TRAINER p12 Ex 1
25
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F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd 25 19/01/2021 09:18
Create your own Formula
If students are struggling with the UNIT 1 GRAMMAR FILE PRACTICE 3 Choose the correct alternatives.
the Grammar file on page 98 and carry Continuous aspect A: Why are you crying? B: I’ve been chopping onions.
all round! But now, for at least the forseeable future, I 7work /
4 My neighbours cut down two tall
trees last month because people am working from home. I 8think / am thinking that being alone,
The action is continuous. We use the present continuous to emphasise the length or repetition of an action.
when we use dynamic (action) verbs to talk about: that they were without distractions, 9has benefitted / benefitted me considerably
I’ve been trying to get through to Max all morning, but he
98 99
EXAM BOOST
SECTION C Students can go to the fold-out
SECTION A
Exam file and carry out Exam
Conditional forms
You have to decide which grammatical word fits in each
Perfect and continuous tenses boost
of the gaps. This may includeSection
conditional forms.A on page 4.
You may need to complete a verb form, such as an 3 Complete the conditionals with a suitable word.
auxiliary verb used to form a particular tense. Think You may need to use a contracted form.
carefully about the time references in the text as a whole,
1 If Joe studied harder, he might
which will help you determine which word you need.
have a better job now.
1 Complete the sentences with an appropriate 2 Watch the About C1
Had I learnt to cook professionally,
auxiliary verb or verbs. I been able to make you
Conjunctions SECTION D
You may have to use a conjunction to link clauses or
Future tenses
sentences. It’s important to understand how the different
conjunctions are used, so you can choose one that fits the You may have to complete tenses. You will usually
meaning of the sentence. be tested on the auxiliary elements of the tense,
rather than the main verb.
2 Complete the sentences with a word or phrase from
the box. There is one word or phrase that you do not 4 Complete the sustainability plan using an
need to use. appropriate auxiliary verb or verbs.
Students read through the Exam reference READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 2 Open cloze
as though as yet not only since
How I plan to be more sustainable
whatever whereas while in the Exam file before starting this part of ABOUT THE TASK
NUMBER OF
QUESTIONS
I’m 1
to buy one of those 8
thehave lesson. This coffeewill give them information • You will read a short text with eight gaps.
1 do triplets look alike, they reusable cups made of bamboo. • You have to think of the word that best fits each gap. There are no options to TASK
choose from. Short reading text
identical brain wave patterns, too.
about theofspecific
I
exam part
mend all my clothes instead
as well as which •
2 The answer is ALWAYS a single word. SCORING
2 some non-identical triplets look
buying new ones.
• The word you write must be spelled correctly, and must fit the grammar and meaning
of the sentence. 1 mark per
question
very different from each other, other non-identical
particular Bystrategies
this time next year, I and skills got ridare important.
• Very occasionally, there may be more than one correct answer.
sets can look remarkably similar. 3
EXAM REFERENCE
3 Identical triplets have the same blood type and of my car and 4 riding a bicycle. What is being tested?
eye colour, their teeth marks This part of the exam focuses on your knowledge of grammar and your understanding of how a text is organised.
I5 already reducing household The questions may test your knowledge of, for example:
and fingerprints are different. • prepositions, e.g. within, towards • determiners, e.g. some, much
energy by installing energy-efficient appliances.
4 It seems the DNA of triplets • pronouns, e.g. its, oneself • relatives, e.g. what, which, who, how
may not be 100 percent identical. I6 using far more Fairtrade™ • auxiliary and modal verbs, e.g. have, can, must • conjunctions, e.g. or, although
• articles, e.g. a/an, the • phrasal verb particles, e.g. come over, do away with,
5 only 150 sets of triplets are born products in the future. draw on
in the UK each year, this means that only 1 in 5,000 How do you do it?
In a year’s time, I 7 planted
births results in triplets. BEFORE THE TASK
several more trees in my garden. • Read the title and whole text quickly to get a general understanding of the content and how the text is organised.
6 the gender, it’s fairly common to
• Don’t focus on the gaps at this point.
find that one triplet writes with a different hand to • Look at the example given and think about why the answer is correct.
the others. DURING THE TASK
• Read the text again carefully, stopping at each gap.
• Think about what type of word is missing, e.g. is it a pronoun, a preposition, an article?
• Read the whole sentence containing the gap. Is the missing word part of a verb, and is it singular or plural,
4 passive or active, an auxiliary verb?
• Check the words before and after the gap. The missing word may be a dependent preposition or part of
a fixed phrase.
• Read the sentences before and after the one with the gap. The missing word may be linking to ideas in the
INS Formula EF B2 20267 Booklet_4p.indd 4 09/12/2020 12:45 same sentence, or in different sentences.
Did you …
… read the text through quickly to get a general understanding? .............................................................................
… stop at each gap and think about what type of word might be missing? ..............................................................
… check the words before and after the gap carefully? ...............................................................................................
… read the sentence before and after the gap if the missing word is a linking word? ............................................
… answer every question? ................................................................................................................................................
… remember to read the text again at the end, to make sure it makes sense? .........................................................
Are you ready for Reading and Use of English Part 2? Identify an area to improve. 5
26
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READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Parts 1, 2, 3 and 4 Speaking or w
Create your own Formula
Unit 1 Unit 3
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – PART 1 READING AND US
1 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – Part 2 Open cloze
(page 8) (page 30)
Students can now complete the
EXAM FILE p5
GRAMMAR FILE pp98–99
GRAMMAR: Perfect and continuous tenses
Speaking or writing Speaking or writing
1 We’re all ‘one of a kind’, they say. But, what makes each
of us unique?
EXAM BOOST p4
2
naturally occurring genetic mutation.
As we (peer) into the depths of
identity (8) the use of
touchscreens or other recognition devices. In which ways are you happy to differ? Think about: 6 What would you like
the ocean, we noticed the natural ‘headlights’ of the
pinecone fish, which lights up its prey with its jaw • opinions and beliefs. How important do yo
when hunting.
something people w
3 I (film) in the mountains of Central Asia
for weeks before I finally spotted a snow leopard – unlike • fashion sense.
other large cats, they can’t roar, so you’d never hear one
4
approaching!
Leafy sea dragon fish (evade) capture
• musical taste. 7 The Brontës were ve
by predators for centuries with their camouflaged form
that looks just like seaweed.
messages across in t
5 Fran (just, finish) photographing a
horned lizard when it suddenly squirted at her from its Unit 2 place of artists such a
6
eyes – one of the stranger traits of this particular animal!
Is that a mimic octopus? What
(it, disguise) itself as? I know it can mimic a lot of other Speaking or writing
Use the Coursebook teacher’s READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – PART 3
to causes?
Write a short essay, o
notes for Cooler.
sea creatures as a defence mechanism but I’ve no idea
what that is!
Go to page 92 for these exercises.
(page 18)
p11
10 EXAM TRAINER p12 Ex 1
TEST
EXAM TASK 1 Read the first paragraph of a text about a project 2 Check your answers. 7 Do you think people
TEST
monitoring animals called humpback whales. Think of
example, by working
For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which
Speaking or writing
the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in 3 Read the answers to the five questions in Ex 1 again.
92
3 A request B demand C subject D question
whales returning to4the area each
A complete B succeedyear?
C meet D reach Conditional forms
5 A pointed B finished C decided D achieved
5 After photographed,
6 A uncovers B reveals the whale’s
C exposes D releases tail is
The gaps sometimes test your knowledge of
uploaded to the database.
7 A amounts B accounts C generates D justifies
conditionals. Make sure you know the more complex
8 A cautiously B uncertainly C doubtfully D arguably
structures with wish. M01 FMLA ETC1 WKey 20298.indd 11 09/12/2020 12:33
Conjunctions
Some gaps test your knowledge of linking words. 4 Choose the correct words (A–C) to complete the
sentences.
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — Part 2 Open cloze
TIP: Think about what the linking word is doing in the sentence:
3 Write the conjunction despite on the board and elicit
1 If I hadn’t
Extra
gone back to sleep, I from students its function (contrast). Tell students that they
2 You Perfect and continuous tenses have avoided all the traffic if
Ask students to close their books. Write the following
errors they made with conjunctions and the verb patterns
that follow them.
gapped sentences on the board: Before ____ used officially,
2 Look at the gaps in the sentences (1–7) and think about what you’d set off an hour earlier.
newly written exams ____ tested by control groups. By the
time they end up on your exam desk, exam papers ____ been
Answers
1 Although 2 Far 3 addition 4 despite
tried and tested numerous times. Why ____ you think this
A will B should C could
5 provided 6 whilst 7 considering
3 I might have passed my driving test Ask students what tenses these sentences/questions are in
A had B would C if
the text and the meaning of the text. The answer is always a single word.
opinions differ depending on the art form. Get some
high service charges. 1 Ask students to read and complete the gaps with one
The word you write must be spelled correctly, and must fit Occasionally, there is more than one possible correct answer.
the gap grammatically. Each question is worth one mark.
feedback from the students.
word before comparing their answers in pairs. Ask students
EXAM TASK
On the board, create a list with the students of some of
1 Read the first paragraph of a text about a project 2 Check your answers. continuous). Encourage students to make a list of present
if I’d continued driving along that little road. the biggest benefits of writing and why it is so important.
TEST
A had B have C be
a is a dependent preposition that’s used with an adjective?
some ideas from the students during feedback, including
IS THE 10,000 HOUR RULE A MYTH? THE WHALE TAIL DATABASE b is a relative pronoun? Answers
ideas for some other important inventions.
3 Expanding on answers at an interview demonstrates good
c is a pronoun in a fixed phrase?
For a number of years, there has been a Each human face is unique, making it easy for us
d is a phrasal verb particle?
1 been (present perfect continuous)
widely-(0) D belief that practising a to differentiate (0) BETWEEN people we 2 are (present simple passive)
Extension
5 You’ll lose your job you stop
is an adverb used in a fixed expression?
Notes.
particular skill for 10,000 hours will turn anyone into a know and those we have never previously met.
e
SPEAKING BOOST
3 have (present perfect passive)
subject knowledge in to giving the speaker
world-class expert. Perhaps unsurprisingly, few have been When (1) comes to attempting to 4 Match the sections of the text with their paraphrases a–e.
sufficiently (1) to put this theory to the identify a humpback whale, however, we have to turn
Section of text
4 do, did (present simple interrogative or past simple Put students into pairs and ask them to think of any other
test. The (2) originally appeared in a (2) an alternative means of recognition.
interrogative)
sending so many personal emails from work.
popular psychology title, Outliers, by Malcolm Gladwell. When (1) comes to inventions they think are as important or more important
confidence.
Research teams worldwide have long used the whales’
A key stipulation of the concept was that the practice to turn (2) 5 being (-ing form is used following ‘after’ and ‘before’) than writing. Tell students to create a short survey from
tails to identify whether individuals they encounter are new
in (3) had to be ‘deliberate’ practice. to the area or are whales that they are already familiar
familiar (3) 6 has (present perfect passive) which they can determine the views of their friends/
A casual half hour a day strumming a guitar would not in (4) the
A if B because C unless
(3) . An increasing number of teams family when it comes to important inventions. Ask
(4) this requirement. are now contributing to an international database, so (5) to
students to present their surveys to the class and/or, if
4 The participants in the experiment actually put on weight, Conjunctions
However, recent research into deliberate practice has in (4) the main resource is
Paraphrase
(5) to some intriguing conclusions. photos of humpback whales’ tails. This is done they have managed to carry out their surveys, to present
a look for help from
The study (6) that even in something as so (5) to monitor population Focus students’ attention on the TIP and explain that their findings to the rest of the class.
6 If I the lottery,Conditional
I would probably
size, migratory routes and the distribution of b in order to
conjunctions or parts of them are commonly omitted in this
the fact that they were doing more exercise.
traditionally practice-based as learning a musical instrument,
individuals in resting, calving and feeding c on the subject of
deliberate practice (7) for just 21 percent part of the exam.
areas around the world. d know about
of the observed improvement. When it comes to professions forms
give a 2lot of the money to charity.
such as business, in which the skills are (8) e that contains
Put students into pairs. Ask them to look at questions Ask students to close their books. Give them a few minutes
less tangible and more difficult to define, the figure falls to
won
1CAPerfect B win winning
C continuous
since, because, due to, etc.). Ask students to read gapped
and continuous tenses — Match Dash! 1D Perfect and tenses — This is me
teacher ____ speak more slowly. If I hadn’t studied this last
7
3 A request B demand C subject D question mixed conditional). Tell students that conditional and wish
Less time
C something will have C a place you have been
A unless B although C if
A photocopiable activity
i j k l changed in your house in visiting in your town/city C Something that has
SECTION C
achieve without some difficulty.
11 the next year since you were a child changed in your town/
I (sit) on a beach in the I (study) extra hard over I (sleep) really badly Before I turn 60 … city in the last ten years
EXAM BOOST Caribbean … the last few weeks … lately …
4 Talk about one of the 5 Talk about one of the 6 Talk about one of the
Conditional forms
M01 FMLA ETC1 WKey 20298.indd 11 09/12/2020 12:33
Ask students to
your country will still be been planning to do for a spending a lot of time on
SECTION A You have to decide which grammatical word fits in each
from howthe
nervousDigital
she had beenresources.
I hope they like it! home.
upholding long into the while B something you are
the choice.
future B something you planned spending a lot of time on
of the gaps. This may include conditional forms. 5 6 7 8
Perfect and continuous tenses
B a tradition the people in to do in the past, but at the moment
beforehand. … to earn some extra … but I haven’t finished … a book about … because I have an your country have started never did C something you will be
cash for the holidays. it yet. dinosaurs. exam coming up. upholding in recent years C something you have spending a lot of time on
You may need to complete a verb form, such as an 3 Complete the conditionals with a suitable word.
C a tradition the people always planned to do in the future
complete the
stopped upholding by this time next year
auxiliary verb used to form a particular tense. Think You may need to use a contracted form. … so I’m exhausted
today!
… at the holiday house
in Crete.
… by this time next
week — hopefully
… for my boss by next
week.
recently
a
relaxing in the sunshine!
following: following: following:
1 If Joe studied harder, he might
which will help you determine which word you need. a A something in your life
you have wanted to give
A a group or society you
are part of in your town/
A something you have
done for your community
have a better job now. b
c up recently city that you are proud of
b
d
1 Complete the sentences with an appropriate 2 Had I learnt to cook professionally, e
you are giving up
C something in your life
have been part of since
you were young
for your community that
you are proud of
f
auxiliary verb or verbs. I been able to make you g
you will have given up in C a group or society you C something you will have
information?
20 years’ time will be part of in the near done for your community
a restaurant-standard dinner. h
i
future in five years’ time that will
make you proud
1 I expecting a phone call any
Quick homework
PERFECT AND CONTINUOUS TENSES
home.
brackets.
4 José working on his assignment
Irene has lived in Abu Dhabi for just over a year.
Before going freelance, I 1was / ’d been travelling to work for
Simple aspect They had been married since early that year. 1 I a lot of headaches over a decade. I 2was trying / ’d tried doing the journey by train.
The action is viewed as a fact. We use this for routine or We won’t have seen him for a couple of months.
at the weekend, I’d have planned to go shopping
over the last couple of months. (get)
There was a lot of staring out of windows and waiting because
all afternoon and hopes to finish it by the end of regular repeated actions, habits and for permanent situations.
Continuous
2 Karl from home at the signals 3had failed / been failing or other trains 4had broken
with Bernie.
I don’t eat meat. moment. (work)
down / been breaking down. Once we 5were waiting / waited
We use the perfect continuous:
the day.
I usually got the tram to work. 3 Rafaella in Sweden for
for the train to leave when the station announcer said, ‘No trains
to talk about a recent activity when the effects of that activity six months next year because of her job.
They will live in a side street off the Ramblas. at all 6will be running / have run for the next four hours!’ Fury
can still be seen in the present or past. (live)
5 Sara waiting in the queue for two trees last month because people am working from home. I 8think / am thinking that being alone,
we put it on.
home for two months and I’m guessing I13’ll have got through /
SECTION B
Inma was improving her English. now feel it’s time for a change. the summer. (just have)
’m getting through 20 percent more work by then than I used
to suggest that an action is not complete. 7 Where of travelling to
temporary situations. to get through in the office. So, I 14’m not returning / won’t be
next? (you / think)
Unit 1 activities.
He will be working as a cleaner until he can find a better job. I’d been trying to teach myself to play the piano but I’m still returning to the daily commute any time soon!
pretty terrible. 8 I revising but I still
Conjunctions
annoying or surprising habits with always. went out with my friends. (not finish)
SECTION D
I’m always forgetting to charge my mobile. We tend to prefer the perfect simple for talking about more
permanent situations. 2 Five of these sentences contain errors. Pronunciation
present plans and arrangements for the future. Find the errors and correct them.
She’s lived in Rome since she was a child.
Future tenses
PERFECT ASPECT situations. moment. It’s great. 1 What have you been doing since I last saw you?
She’d been living out of suitcase for months, so she was 2 They’re having three children: Hanna, 2 How have you been feeling over the last few days?
Simple
sentences. It’s important to understand how the different The action happened at some unknown time between then,
glad to get home.
conjunctions are used, so you can choose one that fits the
before a time in the past; the present and a point of time in There are two categories for verbs in English: stative verbs 5 What’s been the most important thing you’ve learnt today?
the future. 4 This soup tastes a bit strange.
and dynamic verbs. 6 How much will you have earned by the end of the year?
5 He’s not understanding anything about
need to use.
to talk about recent single actions with a present or past
result (often with just, already, yet).
I’ve already started making spaghetti for dinner, so I don’t
appropriate auxiliary verb or verbs. 6
7
How many people / you / discuss / the problem with / last week /
before / you / get a result?
Why / he / always complain / about the food in our canteen?
want to go out. It / usually be / fantastic.
I’d just got back from Australia so I was tired.
98 99
27
very different from each other, other non-identical
sets can look remarkably similar. By this time next year, I 3 got rid
3 Identical triplets have the same blood type and of my car and 4 riding a bicycle.
eye colour, their teeth marks
I5 already reducing household
and fingerprints are different.
energy by installing energy-efficient appliances.
4
5
It seems the DNA of triplets
may not be 100 percent identical.
only 150 sets of triplets are born
I6
www.frenglish.ru
using far more Fairtrade™
products in the future.
in the UK each year, this means that only 1 in 5,000
In a year’s time, I 7 planted
births results in triplets.
several more trees in my garden.
6 the gender, it’s fairly common to
find that one triplet writes with a different hand to
F01_FMLA_TB_C1GLB_20328_PLIM.indd 27 the others.
19/01/2021 09:18
HOW TO TEACH FOR EXAMS
What do teachers need to consider? • What is the grammar syllabus for the exam?
• How are the skills tested — multiple choice questions,
How is teaching for exams different from gap-fill, … ? What techniques are required for dealing
with each one?
teaching general English classes?
• Exam classes often place more emphasis on reading, The practicalities of taking the exam
writing and grammar. General courses often include • How much time is allowed for each part of the exam?
more speaking activities and general listening tasks that How should students balance their time?
aim to develop communicative skills and fluency. • Where do students write their answers? Is there transfer
• An exam course is fixed, with an exam syllabus that time?
must be completed. This means the teacher may feel How the exam is marked
there’s little time to do many extension activities from • What is the weighting of different papers?
the Coursebook that are either optional or not in exam • How many marks are there for each question?
format, even though these are clearly useful. When • What are the assessment criteria for each part where
doing these activities, it’s important that teachers there is no ‘right’ answer, i.e. when testing the productive
explain their value clearly to the students so that they skills of writing and speaking?
understand how they relate to the exam.
• Exam students may not be interested in learning What happens after the exam?
English for its own sake — they may simply want to pass • How are the results presented? Do students receive
the exam. This means they may be keen to do exam feedback? Are the grades linked to the CEFR? What
practice but may not see the value of spending time on level are they linked to?
communicative or fluency activities. However, if there are • What can your students do with the qualification? Is it
non-exam students in your class, they may want to do recognised internationally?
fluency work that improves their communicative ability. • What is the next exam that your students should
• Students may feel under pressure to succeed. This could progress to?
be because they need to pass the exam to continue their
What makes a successful exam teacher?
studies or to succeed in the career of their choice. This
pressure can lead to a feeling of frustration if students Teaching for an exam is very rewarding, but it is also
aren’t doing well. challenging. A good exam teacher:
• There can be problems if students are not at the level • knows and understands the exam well, including the
of the exam they’re studying for. Students can become testing focus of each part and what techniques students
demotivated and teachers can feel frustrated. need to deal with each one
• There is a very clear end goal which creates a shared • understands how to achieve a balance between
bond among exam students. Non-exam students may developing skills and doing exam practice in lessons so
also see a clear progression through the course and as to engage all students in the work
gain a sense of progress and achievement in their • enjoys teaching towards a goal
overall ability. • manages their own and their students’ time effectively
and efficiently
What do exam teachers need to know at • listens to students’ concerns and worries
the start of a course? • gives honest and direct feedback on students’
performance
It’s vital that teachers know about the exam before they
• motivates students and fosters confidence and
start the course, so they can make crucial decisions about
independent learning
how much time to spend on the different aspects of the
exam, when to start exam practice and so on. They also How important is balancing teaching
need to know the balance of exam and non-exam students.
and testing?
Teachers should find out about students’ priorities and how
Students enrolled on an exam course will expect to go
many students intend to take the exam. They should then
through a lot of practice tests and exam practice. However,
find out about individual students’ respective strengths and
if this is all you do, you will produce excellent test takers but
weaknesses in order to focus as much time as possible on
poor language users! You may also risk losing the interest
those areas that students have trouble with. Information
of any non-exam students. When time is restricted you
they need includes:
need to make the most of the time you choose to teach and
The format and content of the exam the time you need to be testing. This balance is different
• How many papers are there and what skills does each with every class.
one test?
• How many different parts are there in each paper? Are
they all compulsory or is there a choice?
28
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How to teach for exams
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HOW TO ENCOURAGE
INDEPENDENT LEARNING
What is it and why is it important? Provide opportunities for reflection on learning
Self- and peer-assessment of performance, as well as
Independent learning is ‘a process, a method and a
reflection on whether learning goals have been met, all
philosophy of education whereby a learner acquires
help students to become more aware of their strengths,
knowledge by his or her own efforts and develops the
weaknesses and progress.
ability for enquiry and critical evaluation’ (Philip Candy,
1991). In a language learning context, independent Recognition of progress helps to build confidence and
learners are those who are able to recognise their learning motivation. Opportunities for assessment and reflection
needs, locate relevant information about language and need not take too much time. Just two minutes after a task
develop relevant language skills on their own or with or at the end of a lesson answering the question What
other learners. The responsibility for learning is no longer can you do better now that you couldn’t at the start of the
with the teacher but with the learner, who is more actively lesson? can give students time to develop important
involved in decision-making. meta-cognitive skills.
Reviews of both literature and research suggest that Provide feedback on learning
independent learning can result in the following: ‘Feedback is one of the most powerful influences on
• increased recognition of strengths, weaknesses and learning and achievement’ (Hattie & Timperley, 2007)
progress and it is certainly something considered to be important
• increased levels of confidence in helping learners to develop the skills they need to
• increased motivation become independent. Feedback does not only have to
• better management of learning come from the teacher though. Peers can often provide
• improved performance. useful feedback and suggestions when encouraged to
do so in a supportive and sensitive manner. Hattie &
It therefore appears that being an independent learner can
Timperley suggest that for feedback to be effective, it must
be extremely beneficial for students, both at school and
help learners to understand where they are now in their
beyond. Learning is, of course, lifelong.
learning, where they are going and how to get there.
Current best practices and methods Gradually transfer learning decisions to students
To help students become more independent, teachers can Students cannot become independent learners if all of their
support them in a number of ways. learning decisions are made for them. Allowing students in
a class the opportunity to make some decisions about how
Make intended learning goals clear to learners they learn gives them a greater level of autonomy. Start
Sharing intended learning goals with a class helps students with small decisions at first, for example asking students to
to see what they are trying to achieve and then later assess decide whether to
whether they have achieved it. Sharing goals can be done • do a task alone or in pairs;
at the beginning of a lesson or series of lessons, or as a • use a set of useful phrases for support or not in a
lesson progresses. They can be given by the teacher or, speaking task;
if the latter, elicited from the students. Note that they are • discuss questions about one topic or a different topic.
described as intended learning goals. This is because
This transfer of responsibility built up over time will help
teachers cannot fully determine what students will actually
learners to become more independent.
learn in a lesson. However, an intended learning goal can
help students to understand what desired goals should be. Of course, as with any approach or strategy that you
introduce, it is always beneficial to receive some feedback
Help learners to personalise learning goals
from learners during and at the end of a course to find out
This does not mean that every learner will be working on a
if they have been helpful.
different goal in each lesson but instead that they are given
the opportunity to set goals relevant to their own needs You could ask your students to rate the following according
before working outside the classroom or when doing tasks to how useful they have been (1 = not useful, 5 = very
in the classroom. For example, before completing an exam useful) or rank them according to which they have found
task in a speaking lesson, students could set their own goal the most useful (1 = most helpful).
in relation to an area of weakness, e.g. In this task, my goal • Clarity of learning goals
is to speak more fluently/use a wider range of vocabulary/ • Self-reflection opportunities
use the third conditional accurately. • Ability to personalise learning goals
Focus on the process as well as the goal
• Feedback on learning from the teacher
Learners understand not just what their learning goal is but
• Ability to make some decisions about the learning
process
also how to achieve it. Understanding what success looks
like and the process they need to follow in order to be Their ratings or rankings can then be a springboard for
successful will facilitate achieving the goal. further discussion.
30
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1 Work in pairs and discuss your answers to EXAM FOCUS
the questions.
1 How would you feel if you found someone on social How to encourage independent learning
Comparing
media who When comparing pictures, mention both what is similar and what
had exactly the same name as you?
Howa)does Formula help me with that? differences
To take there are between
it further ... the pictures.
b) looked very similar to you? Balance your answertowith references to both pictures, rather than
w Formula provides a number of resources that will help you 2Try these activities help your students become
Has this
to develop ever
more happened to
independent you? What did / would
learners. talking about them
independent learners.one after the other.
you do? Where possible, try to extend the comparisons through your
d additional
Clear learning
82 Read goals and models for success 1 Confidence scale
Do theyouexam task.that
believe Thinkeach
aboutof what the review
us has should include.
a doppelganger, answers to the specific questions asked, in order to make your long
in the review Learning
Has goals
the for
writer ofeach
the skill
review are
in Exoutlined
5 covered atwhat
theisbeginning
asked for in Write the intended learning goal of the lesson on the
someone who is a mirror copy of ourselves? turn not appear disjointed.
of each
the unit
task?in the Teacher’s Book. These describe what board (e.g. understand inference and implication). Check
Why do
the3 student willyou
be think some
able or betterpeople
able are
to dosoat
interested
the end of in Useful
studentsphrases
understand it, then draw a confidence scale like
You see the following announcement on an international student
finding
the lesson. their doppelganger that they go
website.The language or skills focus of every lesson is
on special the one below. Ask students
Similarities Differences to note down the number
clearly
CONTENTSwebsites
set out intothe
find them? page of the Coursebook.
Contents that reflects how confident they arethat
that… they can achieve
Similarly, … Having said
atic language thatLISTENING
goal now. Monitor and assess theSPEAKING
confidence levels of
HOW GOOD IS THE SEQUEL?
UNIT OPENER READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — READING READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — VOCABULARY READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — GRAMMAR WRITING
3fileHow
writing tasks, there arerelate
example … but, looking more closely Writing file: Review p135
Lookdid at two pictures of theanswers
to pairs for
of people Didthe Writing
Pronunciation: Word stress
who have
Pronunciation: Phonemes
describe Exam — Exam the
reference sequel p13 original? it live p7 up to thought. Ask students to work in pairs and discuss how they
p31 p9 p39 p29
furtherin
verbs p27
Discuss example
Topic: what3words pairs what
Part 7 Gapped text pp28—29
and Writing
Language focus: Collocations
Topic: Third rock from the sun
Part 3 Multiple choice p31
Skill focus: Identifying
agreement and
Part 2 Open cloze p32
Language focus: Conjunctions
Topic: The Brontës
Part 3 Collaborative
task p33
Skill focus: Interacting in a
Part 2 Email or letter pp33—35
Skill focus: Using correct register
Topic: Triathlons
9 file In
Exam pairs
— Exam complete
reference an exam
p15 task for a review. Think of three p3 things p33 p5 p41 p23
ition: the provides exercises throughout its
p36 Practice
youpeople
tasks (READING
want who
AND
the USE OF
look
ENGLISH:
reviewers similar
Parts 3—4)
to include. to lessons
each other thatfor encourage
different 1 EXAM BOOST 2 p38 3 4 5
d desolate / we 4
students
Language focus: Phrasal
to analyse
reasons.
verbs p37
Compare
Topic: Afternoon tea
Part 8 Multiple matching pp38—39
the answersthe pictures to better
andunderstand
Skill focus: Identifying paraphrase
Topic: Seasonal shift say what the
Part 3 Word formation p40
how
Language focus: Suffixes
Topic: Luck
Part 4 Multiple
matching p41
Skill focus: Understanding
Part 4 Key word transformation p42
Language focus: Reported speech
Topic: The fourth dimension
Part 4 Discussion p43
Skill focus: Justifying your
opinions
Part 2 Proposal p44—45
Skill focus: Writing an effective
proposal
ain and again. FOUR
You might choose to leave this activity until the end of a
ALBUM REVIEWS WANTED!
the main point
to complete the tasks successfully. theseAnalysis
pairs of focuses on
Vocabulary file pp120—121 Grammar file: Reported speech pp104—105 Topic: 24-hour charity Topic: National celebrations
relationships between people might Complete Exam file SECTION A on page 38.
Pronunciation: Silent consonants Topic: Sense of direction Pronunciation: Stress and intonation challenges Writing file: Proposal p133
EXAM
Language focus: Phrasal verbs
TASK
Part 1 Multiple choice p53
Skill focus: Identifying
Part 2 Open cloze p54
Language focus: Conditional forms
Part 2 Individual long
turn p55
Part 2 Report pp56—57
Skill focus: Structuring a report
4
Vocabulary file pp122—123 Topic: The work week Grammar file: Conditional forms pp106—107 Topic: Coins Writing file: Report p134
rushing him 2.10 Listen to a student answering the question /s/ or /k/
Pronunciation: The letter ‘c’ — Pronunciation: Schwa /ə/
Exam file — Exam reference p11 p3 confidence in certain areas and use this information to plan
p29 p5 p39 p27
Complete Exam file SECTION A on page 26. pictures. Then go to page 97 and change roles.
Pronunciation: Silent consonants stated opinion Pronunciation: Word stress Topic: Being organised
hs to give discuss
Exam file — Exam reference whether the student followed the advice in
p13 p7 p31 p9 p41 p25
m. The viewer is
pp68—70 Review: Units 1—6 (READING AND USE OF ENGLISH: Parts 1—4)
the Exam focus. identify a personal learning goal, e.g. I’d like to write an
rld, where even
7
EXAM TASK
SEVEN
Language focus: Phrasal
verbs p71
Topic: Nitrogen
Part 7 Gapped text pp72—73
Skill focus: Understanding the structure of a text
Topic: Tell me a story!
Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze p74
them identify this. Tell them to write this goal at the top of
p5 p43 p29
the correct Scaffolded tasks help students to develop the skills they Pronunciation: Syllable stress and rhythm Topic: Sleep Pronunciation: Rising and falling intonation Topic: Music Writing file: Email or letter pp131—132
Exam file — Exam reference p17 p7 p35
EXAM TRAINER p9 pp91–92 21 p39 p23
need tothe
pp90—91 Review:
do structure
Units 1—8 (READING ANDthe
this effectively. content
USE OF the language
ENGLISH: Parts 1—4)
3 Record and reflect
pp92—93 Speaking or writing questions | pp94—95 Reading and Use of English texts | pp96—97 Speaking images EXAM FILE REFERENCE: pp2—17 Reading and Use of English Parts 1—7 | pp18—27 Writing Parts 1 and 2 | pp28—35 Listening Parts 1—4
tional
11 Write your review in 220–260 words. Check your review against themselves completing a speaking task so they can listen
ting 13/10/2020 16:3
the advice in Exam focus and Exam boost.
Formula CB C1 WKey 20267_4p.indb 2-3
back and compare their performance to a model answer. 13/10/2020 16:36
talent, and Recording apps are usually free to download or are pre-
12 Share your reviews with the class. Which review would most
encourage you to see the film? Why? loaded onto a smartphone.
ottish accent is
4 Written feedback
ust have been
Resources for self-study When marking students’ work, provide one comment
There are a number of resources to help learners to achieve under each of the headings below to help learners identify
he way the plot
their goals. These can be used in class if the teacher wants where they are in their learning now, where they need to
.
to allocate part of a lesson to self-study or they can be used go next and how to get there, as well as recognise that they
very well-
at home. They include: have made progress to boost students’ confidence.
chases are
• The Vocabulary file at the back of the Coursebook which • A key strength • An area to work on
sing, and some of includes a wordlist for each unit • An area of progress • How you can work on it
and will have • The Writing and Grammar files at the back of the
5 Regular reflection
Coursebook
Put aside regular time for reflection in your lessons.
cated and some • The Exam file with an Exam reference and an Exam
For example:
and boost page for every exam task
• Ask students to predict how well they think they’ll do in a
• The Exam Trainer
task. Afterwards, they can discuss if they were right and
EXAM TRAINER pp62–63 23 why / why not.
• After speaking and/or writing tasks, ask students to make
a list of common language errors for future reference.
13/10/2020 16:37
• Ask students to share exam or writing task strategies so
they can learn from each other.
• At the end of a lesson, ask students to say 3 words they
want to review and remember, 2 things they felt they did
well and 1 thing they’d like to improve next time.
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WELL-BEING: MINDFULNESS
FOR EXAMS
What is mindfulness? Mindfully making a drink
To introduce your students to the concept of mindfulness,
Mindfulness is essentially awareness. It is about training
you might like to ask them to think about something they
the attention to notice our thoughts, feelings, emotions,
do several times every day, like making a drink. Rather than
sensations, physical reactions and anything around us that
the very mechanical doing mode which they will typically
is happening right now, without judging them. This can
use, ask them to try and ‘experience’ each element of the
help us to make better, more skilful decisions. The brain
task and be fully present throughout and to think about
can be ‘rewired’ to work in more helpful or skilful ways. In
some of the following:
many ways it’s like brain training. Just as people go to the
gym and lift weights regularly to build muscle, mindfulness • What can you hear? For example, when making a drink,
helps train the brain by doing the practices daily. notice the sound of pouring the drink or boiling water.
• What can you smell? For example, for tea, coffee or juice,
Preparing for exams notice how the smells change as you make the drink.
Neuroscientists are starting to understand more about how • What can you see? For example, notice the colours and
mindfulness practice can help. Studies indicate that it helps how they change.
in two main ways, especially when it comes to exams. • What can you feel? For example, the warmth or coolness
of the drink in your hands.
1 It helps to increase the density in the front of your brain.
• What can you taste? For example, when taking a sip
This is the part of the brain associated with memory, our
of the drink, notice how it first tastes and any changes
ability to solve problems and to manage distraction.
in taste.
2 It helps us to manage strong or difficult emotions. • Enjoy being in the moment as you consume your drink.
Feeling some stress and anxiety around exams is natural
This simple exercise can have a big impact. Many people
and, indeed, can help boost performance. It’s when this
find they notice and taste far more. When you take time to
becomes too much that it becomes a problem.
slow down and live in a more moment-to-moment way, you
Mindfulness helps to calm activity in the bit of the brain are able to experience life more fully and appreciatively.
associated with worry. This can then help to create a greater sense of calm.
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Well-being: Mindfulness for exams
Practising mindfulness
Just like learning any new skill, for example playing a sport
or an instrument, mindfulness is something that has to be
practised daily to have richer benefits. Doing daily practices
of 10 minutes or so can really help your students to move
their awareness to be fully in the present moment in a
non-judgemental way, helping them to avoid overthinking,
which can lead to worry, anxiety and stress.
Good posture for practice
Getting your posture correct for doing mindfulness practice
is really important. These practices are designed to be
done in a seated position. The Body Scan can also be done
lying down. Tell students to try to find a chair they can sit in
that allows their feet to rest fully on the ground with their
ankles, knees and hips all at right angles and with their
back slightly away from the back of the chair. The room
you choose should be somewhere you won’t be disturbed.
Make sure that students put their phones into silent or Practice 2: The three-step breathing space
flight mode. Let other teachers that you work with know The benefits
that you’ll be doing mindfulness practice so that they do Worrying about what has gone on in the past or what might
not disturb you. Mindfulness can help your students to take happen in the future cannot change events and distracts
a healthy, effective approach to revision. But ensure they you from the present — from what you are doing now. The
remember they will still need to plan and revise! present is something that you can change, so that is where
your focus should be. For example, you can explain to your
Practice 1: Mindfulness of breath and body students that worrying about their exams in several months’
The benefits time won’t be as helpful as them revising now!
Very often our minds like to wander. In this practice, your The three-step breathing space practice can help your
students focus their attention on their breathing and students to fully ground themselves in the present and
on different parts of their body. It’s a bit like shining a gives them a few moments to rest and recharge. The
torchlight so that they focus on just one thing at a time, practice is structured a bit like an hourglass. The three-
feeling the sensations that arise. Practising this regularly step breathing space is a very useful practice if ever your
helps the mind wander less, which leads to less worrying students start to feel stressed and want a pause to help
and helps with concentration. Remind your students that it them step back and get perspective.
is normal for the mind to wander while you are meditating
Guidance on the practice
as that is what minds do! They are just trying to train it. The
Mindfulness of breath and body practice will help your The great thing about this practice is that you can do it in
students to develop their awareness and focus, which can three minutes or less. Use it with your students to take a
help with revision. In addition, focusing on breath also has break in class to ‘recharge’ themselves while revising. Or,
a calming effect (great if they’re worrying about exams). your students might find it a useful exercise to help ground
Moving the focus to the body can also help to identify themselves just before or even during an exam.
physical feelings caused by stress. Examples of stress in the 1 Firstly, students do a ‘weather check’ of the mind, to
body might be ‘butterflies’ or cramps in the stomach, hands see what’s going on by observing their thoughts, giving
shaking, getting sweaty or the mouth going dry. them a more objective viewpoint of how busy or calm
Guidance on the practice their mind is.
Explain to your students that if their mind wanders, they 2 Then, students turn their attention to their breath,
should try to bring it back with a sense of kindness. It doesn’t helping them to focus in the present moment.
matter how many times the mind wanders, it’s bringing 3 Finally, students expand out that awareness to
it back each time to the focus on the breath or the body sensations in the rest of their body, becoming aware of
that’s important, as they are increasing their concentration where they may be holding any emotions in the body as
and training their attention each time. Tell them not to get stress or tension.
frustrated as it is just part of training the brain.
To access the audio file for Practice 2, please use the App.
To access the audio file for Practice 1, please use the App.
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OPENER p5
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may take longer to complete Ex 6.
Warmer
Books closed. Write the word ONE on the board and
UNIT OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW ask for an example of a phrase, famous saying or song
title including the word ONE. Write it on the board.
Opener
Give students a few minutes in pairs to think of some
• Language focus: Phrasal verbs others. These could be phrases, e.g. one of a kind, one
• Topic: One small step … day, once upon a time, etc. Or they could be titles/
famous quotes — one ring to rule them all, etc. Go
Reading and Use of English — Reading around the class asking for a contribution from each
• Part 5 Multiple Choice pair. Tell students that ONE is the title of the first unit.
• Topic: Travelling solo Give students a few minutes to discuss in pairs what
topics related to the word ONE might come up in
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary the unit. Ask for their ideas as a class and ask them to
• Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze keep a record of their predictions to check at the end
• Language focus: Fixed phrases of the unit.
• Topic: One-hit wonders
Listening VOCABULARY: Phrasal verbs
• Part 1 Multiple Choice 1 Ask students to look at the picture and elicit what they
• Topic: Fake news know about the Moon landing, and what the quote means.
Reading and Use of English — Grammar Discuss the questions as a class and note any interesting
ideas on the board.
• Part 2 Open Cloze
• Language focus: Perfect and continuous tenses Answers
• Topic: Identity Students’ own answers
Speaking
2 1.1 Tell students they are going to hear a short
• Part 1 Interview extract about Armstrong’s words. Ask them to listen and
• Topic: First conversations summarise what the reporter says. Tell students that they can
take notes while they listen if they wish. Play the recording
Writing
and ask students to give a summary as a class.
• Part 1 Essay
• Topic: Pet hates Answer
They may have been misquoted. They don’t carry the
Extra resources meaning Armstrong intended, and suggest humans made
only a small amount of progress and a large amount at the
(See lesson overviews for details)
same time.
• C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
• Pearson Practice English App: Unit 1 activities
Alternative
Digital resources
Ask the class the following questions to check
• Presentation tool Unit 1 understanding:
• Unit 1 Language test • When was the moon landing? (1969)
• Unit 1 Language test for dyslexic students • What did Armstrong actually say? (one small step
• Unit 1 Photocopiable activities for a man)
• Unit 1 Grammar presentation • How does this change the significance? (the more
famous quote is illogical)
• Video: C1 Advanced About the exam
• Video: C1 Advanced Speaking Test
• Cambridge C1 Advanced practice exam papers
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1 ONE
Answers
1 come out with 2 associate with
3 move on 4 devote yourself to
5 throw yourself into 6 catch on
7 put forward 8 spring up
Answers
1 thrown themselves
2 moved on
3 put forward
4 associated with
5 devote themselves to
6 springing up/to spring up (also possible: catching on)
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1 ONE
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — 1 Have a short class discussion about a holiday that
Part 5 Multiple choice pp6—7 students have been on recently, whether it was good or bad,
and where they would like to go next. Students complete
the survey individually and then compare answers with a
LESSON OVERVIEW
partner. Take feedback as a class and ask for reasons for
• Topic: Travelling solo their answers.
Flexible follow-up
Extra resources
Students write another two questions that could be
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer added to the survey.
• Reading and Use of English — Part 5 Multiple
choice p24, p25 Ex 1
2 1.4 Explain that students are going to listen to
Digital resources someone answering one of the questions. Read through the
• Presentation tool pp6—7 questions with the class. Play the recording. Students give
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Overview their answers as a class. Discuss whether students agree
with the speaker or not, and why.
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of Answers
English Part 5
1 fun-filled break; skiing holiday; city break; beach holiday
2 different fitness levels; preference for different
BEFORE YOU START temperatures; preference for relaxing or active holidays;
relationships with family and friends
Read through the Exam reference on page 11 of the Exam 3 Students’ own answers
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
about the specific exam part as well as which particular 3 Ask students as a class to predict what might go wrong
strategies and skills are important. when two people go on a road trip. They then read the
comment to compare ideas and answer the question. Ask
for a specific example of something the people disagreed
DYSLEXIA FOCUS about (where/what to eat). Students discuss the questions:
Dyslexic students may struggle with the Exam task
• Have you experienced a similar situation?
reading text (Ex 6) on pp6—7. You can allow students to
• Have you, or would you ever travel alone?
listen to the audio recording of the text to help support
them in this task. Alternatively, if appropriate, ask Answers
students to read the text in advance of the lesson, but
Students’ own answers
not to do any related activities. Allow enough time for
all students to read and assign fast finisher activities to
those who finish early. EXAM FOCUS
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p11) to check their 4 Explain to students that they are going to do a Reading
preparedness for this exam part. and Use of English Part 5 exam task. Ask students whose
car the friends in Ex 3 went in (the writer’s friend’s). Ask if
this was stated in the text directly (no). Elicit that it is implied
Warmer in the text with the phrase for him to drop me off at home.
Read through the Exam focus with the class and then put
Put students into pairs and ask them to list what they
students into pairs to do the task. Take feedback as a class.
think are the five most popular holiday destinations
in the world, and to rank them. They then compare
Answers
their ideas as a class and see if there are any surprises.
Have a brief discussion about why the top three are B (‘The dream road trip with a college friend proves to be a
so popular. Ask the students how they think holidays step too far for friendship …’)
might link to the ONE theme of the unit. D (‘He disagreed with every suggestion I made.’)
F (‘… after a night in the tent …’)
G (‘I really wished I’d gone on my own!’)
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1 ONE
EXAM TASK
Flexible follow-up
Write the following statement on the board: 1.0 This reading text has been recorded. To help
My grandmother was feeling her age. Explain that there support them in this task, you can allow dyslexic students to
is an implication of previous information and elicit some listen as they read the text.
examples from the class as to what this might be, e.g.:
My grandmother could no longer walk for very long 6 Ask students to cover their books. Read out the
without sitting down for breaks from time to time. questions, but not the options, and elicit students’ initial
ideas about the answers. Do not say whether they are right
Write the following statements on the board and put
students into pairs to think of a previous sentence or wrong at this stage. Then ask them to uncover the text
(there could be many possibilities) from which the and do the task. Allow ten minutes, or slightly longer if you
implication could be made or inferred. feel it is appropriate, as this is their first reading task. They
should highlight the parts of the text that helped them
1 He was an exceptionally good driver. (I always felt
with their answers. If possible, do not restrict their time.
safe when I was in the car with him.)
This will allow weaker or dyslexic students enough time
2 She didn’t have much cooking experience. (The
sauce was lumpy and over-salted.) to complete the task. Check answers as a class and ask
3 He was a very nervous airline passenger. (He clung for justifications for them. In a weaker class, students can
to the arm rests with white-knuckled hands.) compare answers in pairs first.
4 He didn’t have his phone with him. (He asked to
borrow my phone.) Answers
5 I could tell she owned a dog or a cat. (Her black coat 1 B (‘I was feeling let down … My reaction was a grumpy
was covered with small white hairs.) “Well, I’ll go on my own!” And I did.’) A is incorrect as
reluctance is not mentioned — in fact, the opposite. C is
incorrect as the writer mentions that they backed down
EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section A p10 from ‘the reality’ but doesn’t comment on this. D is
incorrect as the writer only mentions her ‘grumpy’ reaction.
The exercise in Section A of the Exam boost provides more 2 C (‘However, my friends’ conviction that I would back
practice of understanding inference and implication in a down and a weird sense of elation combined to boost
text. This could be done in class or for homework. my determination to see it through.’) A is incorrect as
she was apprehensive and had second thoughts. B is
Answers incorrect as it is not mentioned. D is incorrect as this
1 a it was windy (‘The clouds were hurtling across the experience would be new for her.
sky …’) 3 A (‘The website I found was littered with similarly useful
b it rained a lot (‘… the ground was damp underfoot …’) little tips that a potential adventurous solo traveller might
2 They don’t have a lot of money (‘hand-me-down boots’) hoard away for future reference.’) B and C are incorrect
3 He’s young (‘boots that were too big for him’) and he as the writer’s comment is broadened to include ‘solo
likes thrills (‘his parents had promised him a trip … the traveller[s]’ in general. D is incorrect as the examples she
attraction of riding the big wheel had kept him awake’.) gives imply the information is important, i.e. not optional.
4 B (‘the second, third and fourth thoughts were coming thick
5 Students read the text to answer the two parts of the and fast’.) A is incorrect as her apprehension and panic
question. Allow enough time for all students to read the were not about flying, but going solo. C is incorrect as she
text carefully. Faster readers can underline or highlight was not concerned about other passengers, but wondering
unfamiliar words or phrases in the text. Check answers as if any of them would be on her group tour, and what they
a class. would be like when she met them. D is incorrect as she
mentions the ‘possibility of missing a connection’, but it
Answers didn’t happen.
Her friends decided not to go on the trip and, although she 5 C (‘Inevitably there have been the mistakes; getting stung
was nervous, the holiday went well. by taxi drivers when I didn’t know the language well …
But I’ve learned from them’.) A is incorrect as it serves as
an example of a mistake she made, not as a warning. B is
incorrect as she implies that knowing the language well
can help avoid this problem. D is incorrect as the example
just shows what happened to her: it doesn’t imply that
everyone should learn the languages of all the countries
they get taxis in.
6 D (‘The stigma that used to be attached to people
travelling alone has gone. We are no longer seen
as people with no friends, or easy targets for the
unscrupulous.’) A is incorrect as this is how solo travellers
used to be considered. B is incorrect — she mentions
both, but does not favour one over the other. C is
incorrect as no preference is given.
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1 ONE
Extra practice
Flexible follow-up
Ask students to look at paragraphs 3, 4 and 5. Put EXAM TRAINER pp24—25
them into pairs to highlight unfamiliar lexis and try For further practice of the skills presented in
to deduce their meaning from the context. Circulate this lesson for Reading and Use of English
and give guidance and clues where appropriate. Take Part 5 we recommend students complete the
feedback as a class, including any ideas from the fast Practice task and How did you do? section
finishers in the previous task, and clarify any unfamiliar on page 24 and Strategies and skills Ex 1 on
words or phrases that prove difficult. Give examples page 25 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer.
personalising the items to make them memorable, e.g.:
let down — I felt very let down when the person who’d There is a full practice exam included on pages
agreed to repair my TV never turned up. 106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
also two full practice exams included in the Digital
resources. For further practice, you can use Reading
Speaking or writing and Use of English Part 5.
Answers
1 At first she was very nervous about going, but she
enjoyed the trip and has now travelled solo many times.
2 Students’ own answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
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1 ONE
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of She didn’t become a successful singer because things went
English Part 1 cold once the new series came out, and she felt as though
her fans had abandoned her.
BEFORE YOU START 3 1.6 Focus students’ attention on the first gapped
sentence. Ask them how confident the speaker felt about
Read through the Exam reference on page 3 of the Exam winning (not very). Ask them why and elicit the response
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information (She didn’t think her singing would capture the public’s
about the specific exam part as well as which particular attention). Write the phrase on the board. Elicit that another
strategies and skills are important. verb such as catch or attract cannot replace capture in this
phrase. It is therefore a fixed phrase.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS A stronger class may be able to complete the task first and
If possible, pair dyslexic students with non-dyslexic then listen to check. In weaker classes, play the recording
students so that the definitions in Ex 4 can be read out again for students to do the task, pausing after each fixed
to them by their partner. expression if necessary. Students do the task individually.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured Check answers as a class.
checklist in the Exam file (p3) to check their
preparedness for this exam part. Answers
1 capture 2 exceeded 3 suited
4 regardless 5 incapable 6 inclined
7 considered 8 realise
Warmer
Put students into pairs and ask them to think of a
4 Put students into pairs to do the matching task. Check
popular TV talent show (past or present) that their
answers as a class.
partner is likely to know. They should then come
up with at least three clues to describe it without
Answers
mentioning the name, e.g.:
1 e 2 h 3 g 4 f 5 b 6 d 7 c 8 a
There are three judges.
It's a singing competition., etc.
Their partner has to guess which show they are talking
Flexible follow-up
about, then they change roles.
Put students into pairs. They take turns to read out one
Allow two or three minutes for this stage, then students
of the fixed phrases in Ex 3 to their partner, who must
can share their best clues with the class. You could
make up a correct sentence using the phrase. Monitor
widen this to include any reality TV show, if more
and give help or swift corrections if necessary. Students
suitable for your class.
share some of their sentences with the class.
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1 ONE
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1 ONE
LISTENING — Part 1 Multiple 1 Focus students’ attention on the photo and elicit
choice p9 what it shows. Write 1 April on the board and elicit what
significance it has in some countries (it’s a day when people
play practical jokes on one another). Find out if it has the
LESSON OVERVIEW
same significance in students’ own countries.
• Topic: Fake news
Explain that these types of jokes are called practical jokes
or pranks. Discuss whether students find them funny or not,
EXAM FILE p29
and any other examples they have of similar pranks. This
Learning objective: Students will be better able to can lead into a general discussion about what makes them
understand speakers’ attitude and opinions. laugh, with more examples.
Answers
Extra resources
It is an old custom in some countries for people to play
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer tricks on others on this day. Its origin is unknown.
• Listening — Part 1 Multiple choice pp71—72 Students’ own answers
Digital resources
2 1.7 Tell students that they’re going to hear a
• Presentation tool p9 psychologist talking about why and when people laugh.
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Listening Ask them to predict what they think they might say. Play the
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Listening Part 1 recording to check their ideas.
Answers
BEFORE YOU START They ease social situations and relationships, and release
tension, making light of awkward situations.
Read through the Exam reference on page 29 of the Exam
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
about the specific exam part as well as which particular Flexible follow-up
strategies and skills are important.
Ask more specific questions about the information in
the recording.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS 1 What significance do the numbers 10 and 17 have
Dyslexic students might find the reading load in the first sentence? (we only really find 10 percent
challenging in the exam task. If appropriate, give these of what we laugh at funny; we laugh on average 17
students extra time to read through the questions, or times a day)
ask them to focus on the first two extracts only. 2 Why do we sometimes laugh at our own jokes?
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured (it strengthens our relationships; to show they
checklist in the Exam file (p29) to check their should be amusing)
preparedness for this exam part. 3 Why do we sometimes laugh at inappropriate
moments? (it’s subconscious; it happens when
we’re nervous; it releases tension)
4 Why should we not force laughter? (people know
Warmer when we’re faking)
Tell students a practical joke or prank you’ve been 5 Why did households use to employ ‘fools’?
involved in or heard about, e.g.: (to entertain the household with jokes, storytelling,
singing, acrobatics and tricks)
There’s the one when a whole class of schoolchildren
hid in the empty cupboards underneath the science
tables in a school laboratory and the teacher was
looking for them all over the school. They had magically EXAM FOCUS
reappeared at their seats when she returned!
Ask for other examples from the class. Don’t discuss 3 Explain to students that they are going to do a Listening
types of humour at this point — just share jokes. Part 1 task. Read through the Exam focus with the class,
then put students into pairs to do the matching task. Check
answers as a class.
Answers
1 d 2 f 3 b 4 c 5 a 6 e
Fast finishers
Fast finishers can choose three of the sentences
and write another paraphrase. They can share their
sentences with the class when checking answers.
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Digital resources
• Presentation tool p10
• Grammar presentation 1: Perfect and continuous
tenses
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of
English Part 2
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Some students might find the reading load in the exam
task in Ex 6 difficult. You can give them a little longer
(two or three more minutes) to complete the task. You
could also ask students to do the task orally first, as this
can help when they come to write their answers. Give
students the first few answers as prompts which they
can match to the correct gap, then read each sentence
aloud. Students work in pairs to complete them.
Dyslexic students may benefit from the more explicit
presentation of the grammar in this lesson in the
PowerPoint presentation that can be found in the
Digital resources.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p5) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
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Answers
1 been pondering 2 dismissed 3 puzzled
4 working 5 been working 6 holding
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Speaking or writing
7 Tell students about something that makes you
individual, e.g. I can touch my nose with the tip of my
tongue! Write party trick, handwriting and talent on the
board and put students into pairs to discuss what makes
them individual in these three areas, or any others they can
think of. They then share their ideas with the class.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
Cooler
Students close their books and see how many
interesting or unusual facts they can remember from
the lesson. Which did they find the most surprising?
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SPEAKING — Part 1 Interview p11 2 Ask students to do the quiz about first conversations
individually and then put them into pairs to compare
LESSON OVERVIEW their answers. If necessary, check meanings of strike up a
conversation (start one), keep myself to myself (don’t interact
• Topic: First conversations
with others), come out of my shell (stop being shy), fall flat
EXAM FILE p37 (get no response, not be funny). Circulate and contribute
where appropriate. Discuss students’ responses as a class
Learning objective: Students will be better able to and give your own responses too, if appropriate.
extend answers to personal questions.
Answers
Extra resources Students’ own answers
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
• Speaking — Part 1 Interview pp88—90
Flexible follow-up
Digital resources Ask students in what situations making small talk is
common (e.g., at parties, before a video conference or
• Presentation tool p11
meeting, at the beginning of a job interview). Ask them
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Speaking to think of any tips they could give shyer people who
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Speaking Part 1 want to improve their small talk skills.
• Video: C1 Advanced Speaking Test 1, Part 1
3 1.11 Remind students that Part 1 of the Speaking
BEFORE YOU START test involves answering personal questions. Play the
recording and elicit which is the more appropriate answer
Read through the Exam reference on page 37 of the Exam and why.
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
about the specific exam part as well as which particular Answer
strategies and skills are important. A is more appropriate because it is a fuller answer without
being overly long, or obviously prepared. It also gives an
example and reasons.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
The quiz in Ex 2 might prove difficult. Allow additional
time for dyslexic students to complete the quiz and ask EXAM FOCUS
fast finishers to think of another possible question for
the survey. 4 Explain to students that they are going to do a
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured Speaking Part 1 task. Read through the Exam focus with
checklist in the Exam file (p37) to check their students to check their ideas for Ex 3. Point out that this is
preparedness for this exam part. an opportunity to make a good first impression with their
language ability. They will already know the answers to the
questions and can relax.
Warmer Answers
Write first impressions on the board and ask the class Students’ own answers
how important they think first impressions are. Give
an example of how your first impression of someone
turned out later to be wrong, e.g.: EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE p36
When I first met my brother’s fiancée I thought she was
a little cold, but later I realised she was just shy. The exercises on page 36 of the Exam boost provide more
Put students into pairs to tell each other about first practice of dealing with Part 1 questions. These could be
impressions they have had of people that proved to done in class or for homework.
be right or wrong.
Answers
1 1 B — A is too short; C is too short and has basic
1 Put students into pairs to discuss the question and see if grammar mistakes
they agree or disagree. 2 C — A doesn’t answer the question; B is too short
3 A — B is too short; C is too long, too detailed and
Answers
possibly prepared
Students’ own answers 4 A — B is not answering the question; C is too short
2 1 could 2 again 3 Having
3 Students’ own answers
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Answers
Students’ own answers
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Digital resources 1 Focus students’ attention on the picture and ask for
• Presentation tool pp12—13 comments from the class. Point out the difference between
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Writing empathise (understand a person’s feelings and put yourself
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Writing Part 1 in their shoes) and sympathise (understand and feel sorry
for a person), and encourage students to come up with
sentences describing the picture using these verbs.
The Writing file on page 130 provides an example and
exam help for Writing Part 1 Essay. Answers
The Wordlist on page 114 of the Vocabulary file is compiled Students’ own answers
from vocabulary from all the lessons covered in this unit.
Once you have completed this Writing lesson, the exercises 2 1.13 Write Room 101 on the board and ask if any
on pages 114—115 provide more practice of the vocabulary students know what it relates to. They may know the TV
from this unit. These could be done in class or for homework. series, or the original book 1984 by George Orwell. Do not
comment on any suggestions at this stage. Tell students
BEFORE YOU START they are going to listen to a teacher explaining the game.
Play the recording for students to answer the question.
Read through the Exam reference on page 19 of the Exam
Elicit answers from the class. If necessary, ask more detailed
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
questions, e.g. What was the name of the book in which
about the specific exam part as well as which particular
Room 101 was first mentioned? (1984) Who wrote it?
strategies and skills are important.
(George Orwell) What happened there? (People confronted
their worst nightmares.) Which character goes there?
DYSLEXIA FOCUS (Winston Smith) Why did Orwell use this number? (It’s the
Dyslexic students might find the reading load heavy in name of a BBC meeting room.)
Ex 6 and Ex 7. You could allow these students to focus
on either the introductions or conclusions in Ex 7, but Answers
not both. It involves choosing a pet hate, explaining why it should be
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured got rid of, and defending your argument against others.
checklist in the Exam file (p19) to check their
preparedness for this exam part. 3 Put students into pairs to discuss why people might
want to put these things in Room 101, and which one they
would choose themselves. Then, share ideas as a class.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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Cooler
Students check back on the predictions regarding unit
topics that they made at the beginning of the unit and
see how many came up. Ask students to look back over
the unit and note down three interesting things they
learned during the unit. They compare their choices as
a class.
Extra practice
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OPENER p15
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Students may need additional time to read the
Warmer
Books closed. Ask students what they usually drink at
UNIT OVERVIEW breakfast. Tell them that you (or a friend) like a double
espresso. Write the word DOUBLE on the board. Put
Opener students in pairs to think of other collocations with
the word double (double trouble, double whammy/
• Language focus: Nouns from phrasal verbs
blow (two problems one after the other), roll a double
• Topic: K2 six (with dice), double bass (an instrument), double
Reading and Use of English — Reading bill, double take (see something, and then realise
something and look again), double entendre (double
• Part 6 Cross-text multiple matching meaning — a word or phrase that may be understood
• Topic: In two minds? in two different ways), double-decker (bus), double-
booked (two appointments at the same time)). Check
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary ideas as a class.
• Part 3 Word formation Give students a few minutes to discuss in pairs what
• Language focus: Prefixes topics related to the word or notion of TWO might
• Topic: Socks come up in the unit. Ask for their ideas as a class and
ask them to keep a record of their predictions to check
Listening at the end of the unit.
• Part 2 Sentence completion
• Topic: Second place VOCABULARY: Nouns from phrasal verbs
Reading and Use of English — Grammar
1 Ask the class to give the name of the tallest building
• Part 4 Key word transformations
they have ever been up and to explain why they climbed
• Language focus: Passive forms it and what the experience was like. Ask if they know the
• Topic: Life on two wheels current tallest building in the world (in 2020 this is the
Jeddah Tower/Kingdom Tower, Saudi Arabia, at 1008 m),
Speaking
and/or the tallest building in their country or area.
• Part 2 Individual long turn
Focus students’ attention on the picture and ask if they know
• Topic: Doppelgangers where it is (the Himalayas), how the picture makes them feel
Writing (e.g. calm, peaceful, impressed, scared) and what adjectives
they would use to describe it (e.g. beautiful, impressive,
• Part 2 Review dangerous).
• Topic: Sequels Put students into pairs to think of as many famous mountains
as they can in one minute. Then go around the class asking
Extra resources for one from each pair. Ask if they know the countries these
(See Lesson overviews for details) mountains are located in.
• C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
Answers
• Pearson Practice English App: Unit 2 activities
Students’ own answers
Digital resources
• Presentation tool Unit 2 2 2.1 Tell students the mountain in the photo is called
• Unit 2 Language test K2 and elicit any information or guesses about how it was
named. Do not say whether they are right or wrong at this
• Unit 2 Language test for dyslexic students stage. Play the recording for students to check their ideas.
• Unit 2 Photocopiable activities
• Unit 2 Grammar presentation Answers
• Video: C1 Advanced About the exam Students’ own answers
• Video: C1 Advanced Speaking Test K for ‘Karakoram Range’ and 2 because it was the second
mountain surveyed in the range.
• Cambridge C1 Advanced practice exam papers
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Answers
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
1 input 2 outset 3 pushover 4 outbreak
5 backup 6 Breakthroughs 7 setbacks 8 outcome Dyslexic students may struggle with the exam task
reading text (Ex 5) on pp16—17. You can allow students
to listen to the audio recording of the text to help
4 Students complete the task individually and check support them in this task. Alternatively, if appropriate,
answers as a class. Put them into pairs to discuss how true ask students to read the text in advance of the lesson,
the statements are for themselves. Monitor and contribute, but not to do any related activities. Allow enough time
giving your own examples. Students report on their for all students to read and use fast finisher activities for
discussions as a class. those who finish early.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
Answers
checklist in the Exam file (p13) to check their
1 outbreak 2 breakthrough 3 outcome preparedness for this exam part.
4 setback 5 input 6 backup
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Answers
Question 3, Jessie and Ben agree that the morning is the
EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section A p12
best time to make decisions because that is when your mind
is fresher. The exercises on page 12 in Section A of the Exam boost
provide more practice of identifying contrasting opinions.
EXAM FOCUS These could be done in class or for homework.
Answers
3 Explain to students that they are going to do a
Reading and Use of English Part 6 task. Write Anna’s got 1 Writers A, B and D are all against.
a point, but … on the board. Elicit that this phrase clearly Writers C and E are both in favour.
signals a contrasting opinion. Explain that sometimes we 2 A — ‘I consider the current plans unsuitable for the
need to work harder to identify contrasting opinion in texts location, and it is pointless putting forward a planning
as it is not always so clear. Read through the Exam focus application …’
with the class. Then ask them to read the three texts and B — ‘… by all accounts … they require further work to be
identify the one with the different opinion. Monitor and acceptable by the planning authorities.’
help where necessary. Check answers as a class and ask C — ‘… people argue that the new centre will look out of
any fast finishers to read out their posts. place … not enough thought has gone into the design.
I would take issue with that.’
Answers D — ‘… I tend to concur with the general feeling that more
B (They believe that in the end we need to ‘trust our own work needs to be done …’
judgement’.) E — ‘… and they are impressive.’
A There are those crossroads we come to at various points
when a decision can be life-changing. On those occasions 4 Discuss the question as a class. Students read the texts
I would definitely advise running options past someone, to check their ideas. If the exam task in Ex 5 is to be
or some people, whose opinions you respect. Two heads completed under exam conditions, you can skip this
are often better than one and although you may not exercise.
necessarily eventually follow what they suggest, it can
sometimes give you a new way of looking at the situation. Answers
B Some people turn to others when they have to make an Students’ own answers
important decision; they might ask a family member, a The term ‘decision fatigue’ refers to it being harder to
friend or even a teacher for advice. While I’m appreciative make decisions (and how the quality of your decisions
of other’s support when deciding something big, I feel deteriorates) if you’ve already made a lot in the period prior
that in the end, it is down to us as individuals, and we to this.
shouldn’t let ourselves be swayed by others’ points of
view, however well-meaning they might be. We need to
trust our own judgement. Flexible follow-up
C I was recently offered promotion at work, which entailed
In pairs, ask students to discuss briefly how they might
working abroad for six months of the year. I spent ages
be able to avoid ‘decision fatigue’ in their daily lives.
chasing the pros and cons around in my head, wanting
Give your own example, e.g.:
to take the responsibility for making the decision myself.
Every weekend I decide what to eat for the whole week
Eventually I opened up to a really good friend, who
ahead, so that I don’t have to decide what I feel like
talked the whole thing through with me. I truly believe
every day — and I’m less likely to just order a pizza!
that people who know you well, with no agenda of
their own, can help you look at things from different Allow two or three minutes for the discussion, then
perspectives, and, while not making the decision for pairs can share their ideas with the class.
you, help you to decide what’s in your best interests.
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Answers
Students’ own answers
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READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — 2 2.3 Play the recording for students to answer the
Part 3 Word formation p18 questions. Take answers as a class and ask whether they
think the expert’s advice is good. Ask students whether they
know someone who is really bad at forgetting where they
LESSON OVERVIEW
put things and encourage a few students to relate some
• Topic: Socks amusing or unusual places where they eventually find them.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS 4 Read through the question and the words in the box.
For the Flexible follow-up activity after Ex 5, dyslexic Point out that some answers appeared in the audio track
students could be asked to write their own sentences, for Ex 3, but that there are others which are new. Put
rather than find them in the reading texts. students into pairs to complete the task. Monitor and help
where necessary, for example by pointing out where a
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p7) to check their further change to the root word might be needed. Check
preparedness for this exam part. answers as a class.
Answers
Additional words from the audio: insane, disorganised,
Warmer inability, irresponsible, undoubtedly, misleading, mislaying,
Tell students about something small you’ve lost reorganisation
recently (e.g. your sunglasses) and whether this was Other possibilities: discomfort, disable, disabled, disability,
due to carelessness, forgetfulness, distraction or disorganisation, illegal, impersonal, inactive, interact,
something else. Put students into pairs to tell each interactive, interpersonal, irresponsible, react, re-enact, relay,
other about the types of things they tend to lose and reorganise, unable, uncomfortable, undeniable, unresponsive
why. Ask for feedback as a class.
Flexible follow-up
Extra practice
Put students into pairs. Ask them to find four sentences
(or clauses) from the texts in the Reading lessons which
EXAM TRAINER pp16—17
contain a word formed from a root word using a prefix.
One student looks for two sentences in Unit 1 (p7); the For further practice of the skills presented in
other for two sentences in Unit 2 (p17). They write the this lesson for Reading and Use of English
sentence on a piece of paper, replacing the prefixed Part 3, we recommend students complete the
word with a gap, then write the root word in capitals Practice task and How did you do? section on
on the next line. They swap with another pair and page 16 and Strategies and skills Exs 1—2 on
complete the sentences. page 17 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer.
Give an example from the Reading text in Unit 1, e.g. There is a full practice exam included on pages
’empowering’: 106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
It was to realise that I was no longer also two full practice exams included in the Digital
dependent on the availability or preferences of friends. resources. For further practice, you can use Reading
POWER and Use of English Part 3.
Speaking or writing
6 Put students in pairs to tell each other about what
happened. To make this more engaging, encourage
student to think of amusing stories. They can choose to say
something real or invented, and their partner must guess
whether the story is true. If time permits, students can write
an online post about the loss and the consequences of it.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
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LISTENING — Part 2 Sentence 2 2.5 Play the recording for students to answer the
Extra resources
EXAM FOCUS
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
• Listening — Part 2 Sentence completion p75, p76 3 Explain to students that they are going to do a Listening
Exs 1—3 Part 2 task. Read through the Exam reference section on
Digital resources page 31 with the class, and check they understand what the
task type involves. Then, go through the Exam focus with
• Presentation tool p19 the class. Students read through the questions and highlight
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Listening Part 2 important words or phrases. Elicit the types of words and
phrases they will be listening for.
Read through the Exam reference on page 31 of the Exam 1 Chloe explains that the main objective of the awards is to
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information boost the … of family companies. (noun)
about the specific exam part as well as which particular 2 Chloe says that … is their principal business goal, which
strategies and skills are important. won her company its award. (noun)
3 Chloe advertises her company’s dishes as … (adjective/
noun)
DYSLEXIA FOCUS 4 Chloe hopes her business will be involved in … in the
Dyslexic students could be given additional time to future. (noun)
read through the exam task sentences before listening
or be advised to read it in preparation before the 4 2.6 Play the recording again for students to
lesson. complete the sentences in Ex 3 with the correct words.
They may also benefit from the structured checklist in Remind them that the actual words they need are used in the
the Exam file (p31) to check their preparedness for this recording, so they should not paraphrase. Students compare
exam part. answers in pairs. Check as a class, writing the answers on the
board so that students can check their spelling.
Answers
Warmer
1 profile 2 sustainability
Choose a famous winner of an award or medal that you 3 a sensory feast 4 corporate hospitality
think the class will know. Describe them for students to
guess, e.g.:
5 Put students into pairs to do the matching task. Check
He was a famous runner. He’s won gold at the Olympics answers as a class. If necessary, play the recording again to
several times. His name is … (Usain Bolt) clarify.
Put students into pairs to test their partners in the
same way. Ask for examples from the class. Then, ask if Answers
anyone can name a famous runner-up. 1 E 2 D 3 A
4 B
5 C
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6 Read through the task instructions with the class. Give Students’ own answers
students time to read through the sentences, encouraging
them to highlight important words or phrases. Then play the
recording for them to complete the task individually. The Alternative
recording is repeated in the track as it is in the real exam. This task could be carried out as a C1 Advanced
With a weaker class, pause the recording in appropriate Speaking Part 3 task. Put students in pairs and write the
places. Then, play the recording a second time for them to following on the board:
check their answers. Check answers as a class. Here are some areas of our lives in which we sometimes
feel the need to be competitive. How important is it to
Answers be competitive in these areas of our lives?
1 scrutiny (‘will always come under a lot of scrutiny because work sport with family with friends
the public upholds them as the ideal.’) at school or college
2 recognition (‘there’s recognition of your achievements
from the sporting community’)
3 life expectancy (‘coming second is actually beneficial in
Cooler
some ways, not least of which is life expectancy — the
difference between those who come first and those who Ask students as a class what competitions they are
come second is remarkable.’) looking forward to taking part in or watching in the
near future. Do they prefer to watch or to take part?
4 health (‘trying to win every competition is harmful to the
Why?
health of those who pursue victory at all costs.’)
5 optimistic (‘many second-finishers may feel optimistic’)
6 demands (‘there are a lot of demands placed on them’)
7 experimentation (‘those still trying to reach first position
… relishing the opportunity for experimentation’)
8 hero(es) (‘Many highly respected sportspeople never get
first place, but are, in my opinion, still heroes … are often
influential in their field.’)
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Digital resources
• Presentation tool p20
• Grammar presentation 2: Passive forms
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of
English Part 4
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
You could allow dyslexic students additional reading
time for the exam task (Ex 6). You could extend the
reading time to about five minutes before students do
the task.
Dyslexic students may benefit from the more explicit
presentation of the grammar in this lesson in the
PowerPoint presentation that can be found in the
Digital resources.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p9) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
Warmer
Books closed. Ask students to guess what you’re
drawing. Draw the individual parts of a bicycle on the
board starting with one circle, then handlebars, etc.,
leaving the second circle until last. When they have
guessed bicycle, add a second saddle to the parts
you have drawn and ask if students know what this
kind of bike is called (a tandem). Ask about students’
experience with cycling as a class — can they ride, when
did they learn, where did they learn, do they ride now,
etc.
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DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Flexible follow-up Dyslexic students may struggle with reading the Exam
Put students into pairs to discuss, plan and write a short Focus box. You could read through it with the class to
web article advertising Maddie’s bicycle shop. Then help them.
they share their articles with the class. Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p39) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
Cooler
Put students into pairs to think of two ways to make
their area more cycle-friendly. Take feedback as a class
Warmer
and compare ideas. Tell students who you are most similar to in your family
and how, e.g. I’m very similar to my elder sister. We
both have the same hair and eye colouring, and we’ve
got a similar sense of humour. Put students into pairs to
Extra practice tell each other who they themselves are similar to. They
should think about physical appearance, temperament,
EXAM TRAINER pp20—21 abilities, etc. Take feedback as a class.
For further practice of the skills presented in
this lesson for Reading and Use of English 1 Draw 12 dashes on the board to represent the letters of
Part 4, we recommend students complete the a word. Tell students you are going to write a word related
Practice task and How did you do? section
to physical appearance very slowly and they must try to
on page 20 and Strategies and skills Ex 1 on
guess what the word is. Write DOPPELGANGER letter by
page 21 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer.
letter in a random order. If they do not know the meaning
of the word, ask for guesses and give them a sentence
There is a full practice exam included on pages
106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are showing the meaning, e.g. I’ve been told that I have a
also two full practice exams included in the Digital doppelganger in my area, but I have never seen them. I
resources. For further practice, you can use Reading think it might be strange to meet them — like looking in a
and Use of English Part 4. mirror. Put students into pairs to discuss the three questions.
Circulate, contribute and then ask for comments as a class.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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2 TWO
2 2.9 Students give their answers as a class, with EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section A p38
reasons. Elicit what a facial recognition expert might do and
then play the recording for students to check their ideas. The exercises on page 38 in Section A of the Exam boost
provide more practice of comparing pictures. These could
Answers be done in class or for homework.
Students’ own answers
One in a trillion. Answers
1 1 these 2 the 3 one 4 top
5 underneath 6 on 7 middle
Flexible follow-up 2 1 left-hand 2 the 3 other 4 these
Ask further questions about the recording: 5 first 6 second
1 What can you do on some websites? (Enter your
facial details and search for a double.) EXAM TASK
2 How many special measurement requirements must
be met for someone to be a doppelganger? (eight) For guidance on marking Speaking Part 2, please refer to
3 What are the odds of finding a ‘look-alike’? (1 in 135) the Speaking success criteria on pp163—164.
4 Why do our brains think we see doubles? (They look
at a whole face, not the individual parts, and adjust 6 Put students into pairs to take turns to do the exam
what we see to fit an expected pattern.) tasks. Remind them that they have about one minute to talk
about the pictures, but do not be too strict about timing at
this stage. Allow students to focus on their talks without the
3 Students look at the pictures and do the task in pairs. distraction of you circulating or monitoring, unless a student
Ask for their ideas as a class and write them on the board. particularly needs your help or freezes. Prompt with points
they could talk about. When all students have finished, ask
Answers
them to report on their partner’s talk and say what points
Students’ own answers they mentioned.
4 2.10 Play the recording for students to compare the Example answers
candidate’s points with those the class came up with in Ex 3. Student A (page 96)
Check through them with the class after the recording and I’d like to talk about the tennis players and the chess
add any others the candidate mentioned. Play the recording players. The tennis players look as if they’ve just won a
again if necessary. competition and as they’re holding hands, I’d say that
they are a team. The chess players, on the other hand, are
Answers opponents, so they won’t be working together, but against
Students’ own answers each other. A major difference between both photos is
the type of dependency they show. The tennis players
depend completely on each other to engage in the game.
They probably know exactly where the other person is at
Alternative
all times, and if one can’t return a ball, the other will! The
If you play the recording a second time, you could chess players cannot play alone, so they depend on their
stop at points to see if students can supply what comes partner to give them a good game. Regarding the level of
next, e.g. They are probably brothers, and very likely … challenge these activities might present, the tennis players
(twins), etc. If students have access to the script they are in wheelchairs, so they have undoubtedly overcome a
could do this themselves in pairs, i.e. one student reads lot of physical difficulties to reach this level of competition.
the script aloud and stops for their partner to supply The chess players, however, face mental challenges,
the next phrase, then they swap roles halfway through although unlike the tennis players they have time to think
the script. rather than responding to events immediately. They do not
seem to be involved in a competition, so the pressure is
probably less for them too.
EXAM FOCUS Student B
In my opinion, the tennis players will probably get the most
5 2.11 Explain to students that they are going to do satisfaction, as they have clearly worked hard to gain their
a Speaking Part 2 task. Read through the Exam reference medal — and they look extremely happy.
section on page 39 with the class. Then go through the Student B (page 97)
Exam focus with students. Put students into pairs to discuss I’ll go for the picture of the young boys and the couple who
whether the candidate followed the advice, and if possible, look as if they’re putting together some flat pack furniture.
have them justify their answers with examples. The main focus of both pictures is on working together in
different situations, but the boys are working to complete
Answer a classroom task, using their brains, whereas the couple
The candidate follows all of the advice. are doing something quite physical. Working in pairs in
a classroom brings a lot of benefits to students as they
can help each other to understand things. And as for the
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2 TWO
couple, well, they definitely need each other to construct WRITING — Part 2 Review pp22—23
the furniture and one person alone would find this sort of
thing very hard! Two pairs of hands are nearly always better
LESSON OVERVIEW
than one in this type of situation, so the benefits of working
together are clear here too. Regarding the likelihood of • Topic: Sequels
repeating the experiences, I’d say it’s highly likely that
pairwork is common for the boys, so they’ll be doing this EXAM FILE p27
sort of activity again soon, but whether the couple will is
debatable! It looks quite complicated and they appear to • Writing file: p135
be frustrated or puzzled. They might just buy ready-made • Vocabulary file: pp116—117
instead next time! Learning objective: Students will be better able to use
Student A descriptive and dramatic language in a film review.
That’s difficult to say. Probably the boys, because they look
quite involved in what they’re doing. The couple could well Extra resources
be fed up and for the chefs it’s work, and they might have to
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
do the same thing every day.
• Writing — Part 2 Review pp62—63
Digital resources
Alternative
• Presentation tool pp22—23
If they are confident enough and have access to their
phones, students could record their discussions to play • Video: About C1 Advanced: Writing Part 2
back and analyse later.
The Writing file on page 135 provides an example and
exam help for Writing Part 2 Review.
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1 Give an example of your own first. This could be 5 Ask students if they know the films Blade Runner or
something like The Hobbit, Star Wars, an Avengers film, etc. Blade Runner 2049, and what they can remember about
Describe the film without giving the name away for the class them. Then they read the review individually and work with
to guess. a partner to find examples of the points in Ex 4. Check ideas
Put students into pairs to do the task. Once completed, ask as a class. Ask the class if they would go to see the film
for examples as a class. based on this review, and why or why not.
Answers Answers
Students’ own answers 1 ‘Not only does it maintain the underlying menace of
the first film … it moves the viewer on 30 years with a
2 Put students into pairs to name as many sequels as storyline that both extends from the original and also
stands on its own.’
they can in a minute, keeping a record. Check with the class
2 ‘The original film explored questions related to
which pair has named the most. Extend by asking whether
developing AI.’
students think sequels are generally better, as good as, or
4 ‘The action is generally slow moving, allowing focus on
worse than the originals.
great performances by Ryan Gosling and Ford among
Answers others, and includes jaw-dropping visual sequences …’
7 ‘The film is stunning.’
Students’ own answers
9 ‘I would encourage both fans of the first Blade Runner
and those who are new to the concept to watch it’
3 2.12 Play the recording for students to answer the
Students’ own answers
questions as a class. Ask for reasons and examples.
Answers
1 exceptional 2 dreadful
3 riveting
4 high-speed
5 hilarious 6 complex
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2 TWO
EXAM TASK
Answers
Students’ own answers
Answers
See the example review in Ex 5.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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AIM
• To revise grammar and vocabulary covered in
Units 1—2.
Digital resources
• Presentation tool pp24—26
Answers
1 1 D 2 A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6 A 7 C 8 B
2 1 if 2 in/with 3 is 4 as 5 do 6 with
7 been 8 Whatever
3 1 ignorance 2 utterance(s) 3 illogical 4 input
5 inability 6 insignificant 7 mislead 8 setbacks
4 1 the bottom of what is/what’s
2 had a lengthy/long discussion of/about / discussion as
to
3 were appreciative of
4 will still be (being) enjoyed
5 were misinformed about the event being
6 (far) exceeded my expectations
5 1 D 2 C 3 B 4 A 5 C 6 D 7 B 8 C
6 1 would 2 them 3 was 4 in
5 what 6 own 7 rather 8 No
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3 THREE
OPENER p27
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may find the reading load in Ex 4
Warmer
Books closed. Write the word THREE on the board
UNIT OVERVIEW and then the expression pros and cons. Point out that
this is a three-word fixed phrase using the word and.
Opener Ask students when they might use this three-word
fixed phrase (when talking about the advantages and
• Language focus: Phrasal verbs
disadvantages of something). Write two more three-
• Topic: what3words word fixed phrases with and on the board e.g. come
Reading and Use of English — Reading and go, fish and chips, wear and tear. Put students in
pairs and ask them to think of some others. Go round
• Part 7 Gapped text the class asking for a contribution from each pair, who
• Topic: Three rules OK? should also explain the meaning or use of their phrase
(e.g. bread and butter, ups and downs, ins and outs,
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary back and forth, trial and error, flesh and blood, down
• Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze and out, by and large, black and white, odds and ends,
• Language focus: Collocations rights and wrongs, tried and tested, hide and seek, wait
• Topic: Third rock from the sun and see).
Give students a few minutes to discuss in pairs what
Listening topics related to the word THREE might come up in the
• Part 3 Multiple choice unit. Ask for their ideas in open group and ask them to
• Topic: The third place keep a record of their predictions to check at the end
of the unit.
Reading and Use of English — Grammar
• Part 2 Open cloze VOCABULARY: Phrasal verbs
• Language focus: Conjunctions
• Topic: The Brontës 1 Ask students if they have a good sense of direction
and/or spatial awareness. Ask if they find their way around
Speaking new places easily and if they have ever got lost in a new
• Part 3 Collaborative task place. Put students into pairs to share any funny stories
• Topic: Three cheers! about getting lost. Elicit any interesting stories to share
with the class. Elicit any advantages and disadvantages
Writing for having a navigation app on your phone, and find out
• Part 2 Email or letter if students have one or if an app like this would ever have
• Topic: Triathlons been useful to them. Put students into pairs and ask them to
discuss the question. Take brief feedback as a class.
Extra resources Answers
(See Lesson overviews for details)
Students’ own answers
• C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
• Pearson Practice English App: Unit 3 activities 2 3.1 Tell students they’re going to listen to a
conversation about a new app. Write the name of the app
Digital resources
on the board (what3words) and ask students how they think
• Presentation tool Unit 3 it might work. Play the recording and ask them to write
• Unit 3 Language test down the uses of the app that the speakers mention. Check
• Unit 3 Language test for dyslexic students their answers, and then ask students which uses they think
• Unit 3 Photocopiable activities would be most useful and why.
• Unit 3 Grammar presentation Answers
• Video: C1 Advanced About the exam emergency services, mountain rescue, aid organisations,
• Video: C1 Advanced Speaking Test postal services, space tourism
• Cambridge C1 Advanced practice exam papers
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Suggested answers
1 I think they’re going to do away with printed tickets
soon …
2 I’m always messing / I mess about with …
3 The blue dot is meant to refer to …
4 My lateness stems from …
5 A lot of my time and effort goes into planning …
6 A lot of technological progress has come about in
recent years.
7 Not planning in advance sets me/my journeys back.
8 Let’s get out of here and …
Fast finishers
Ask fast finishers to write two new sentences using
two phrasal verbs from the box in Ex 3. After checking
answers to Ex 4 with the class, ask fast finishers to read
out their sentences.
Flexible follow-up
Ask students to choose a phrasal verb from the box
and write a sentence, leaving a gap where the phrasal
verb should be. Put students into pairs to swap and
complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verbs.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
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READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — 2 3.3 Tell students they will hear a talk about giving
Part 7 Gapped text pp28—29 effective presentations. Before they listen, ask them to write
down three things they think make a presentation effective
(e.g. clear planning, good slides, speaking clearly). Write
LESSON OVERVIEW
their suggestions on the board. Play the recording and ask
• Topic: Three rules OK? students to write down the sets of three ideas they hear.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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Flexible follow-up
Write the following four tips for doing the Part 7 task on Flexible follow-up
the board. Ask students which tip is not as useful as the Tell students that there are some useful idioms in the
others, and why. text. Write eat on the go on the board. Ask students
1 read the whole text before looking at the options what it means, and ask them to suggest a sentence
2 think about the ways a text is organised and look for using it, e.g.:
these features I’m so busy at work that I don’t have time to sit in a
3 read the whole text again once the paragraphs have restaurant for lunch, so I just eat on the go between
been inserted to check it makes sense meetings.
4 look at the options before reading the text Write the following idioms on the board, and ask
(Tip 4 is not as useful. It’s better to understand what the students to underline them in the text. Then put
whole text is about first so that it is easier to see how students in pairs to think about the meaning of each
the options are connected to it.) idiom and to write a sentence using it. They can use the
text to help them. Take class feedback.
tickle your taste buds linguistic bullet
EXAM TASK shy away from those in the know
3.0 This reading text has been recorded. To help Speaking or writing
support them in this task, you can allow dyslexic students to
listen as they read the text. 6 For the first question, put students into pairs to discuss
the ideas, and take class feedback. Ask what people
5 If you didn’t do the Flexible follow-up, ask students to might be concerned about when they have to give a talk
suggest three tips for doing the exam task. Suggestions: to a large group and how they can set themselves up for
read the whole text before looking at the options, think success. Focus on positive strategies such as good planning,
about the ways a text is organised and look for these practising the talk, speaking clearly, etc.
features, read the completed text to check it makes sense.
Keep students in the same pairs for the second question
Refer students to the tips in the Exam reference on page 15
and allow time for them to think about their topic and plan
of the Exam file if necessary.
what they want to say. Give them a time limit for their talk —
Do the first gap as a class, and elicit why the answer is two minutes is long enough.
correct. Then ask students to complete the rest of the exam
task individually, underlining words and phrases that helped Answers
them decide where each paragraph fits. Allow ten minutes, Students’ own answers
then put students into pairs to discuss their answers. Finally,
check answers as a class. If there is any disagreement, ask
7 Ask students to think about the ideas they discussed
students to justify their ideas.
in Ex 6 and to reread the article for further ideas. This could
be done in 220—260 words (as in the Writing Part 2 task) or
Answers
fewer. If students do this task in class they could exchange
1 C (‘there is an extremely good reason for this’ in C refers
their email with a partner who could check it for ideas and
back to ‘Probably not, but why?’ before the gap.)
grammar. It could also be given as homework.
2 E (‘our buying decisions’ before the gap links to ‘in
advertising slogans’ in E. ‘advertising slogans’ also links Answers
to ‘Viewing them all … product claims’ in the paragraph
Students’ own answers
after the gap)
3 B (‘three linguistic bullets’ before the gap links to
‘… Going beyond this with an additional fourth or fifth
Cooler
element’ in B.)
4 G (‘without the same possible repercussions’ in G refers Put students into small groups. Give each group a
back to ‘life or death choices’ in the previous paragraph. product, e.g. chocolate, apples, eggs. Ask them to
make up a slogan for their product using just three
‘a similar reaction’ in the paragraph after the gap also
words or ideas, for example:
refers back to ‘their eyes go vacant’ in G.)
5 A (‘public speakers like this’ in A links back to ‘Politicians’ • Chocolate: the feel-good food!
in the previous paragraph.) • Apples: good for you!
6 A (‘An example’ in D refers back to ‘Something else I also • Eggs: easy to cook!
use in talks is humour’ in the previous paragraph.) Have the class vote on the best slogan.
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Digital resources
• Presentation tool p30
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of
English Part 1
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may struggle with the collocations,
so you could read these with them before asking them
to do Ex 4. They may also need extra time to read the
text before completing Ex 5. For the exam task (Ex 6),
if necessary, go through the options with them before
asking them to complete it.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p3) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
Warmer
Ask students if they are interested in space or if they
have ever seen anything interesting in the night sky.
Give examples to help them, e.g. comets, shooting
stars, satellites. Then, give them two minutes to write
down the names of as many planets in the Solar System
as they can. Check their ideas. (Mercury, Venus, Earth,
Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. There is
also Planet Nine, which is thought to exist but has not
yet been observed. Note that Pluto is now designated
as a dwarf planet.)
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VOCABULARY: Collocations
Alternative
1 Elicit the answer to the question from the whole class, Organise the class into four groups, and give each
and ask why the Earth is sometimes called this. Ask if group one of the paragraphs. Students complete their
students can think of any other descriptions or nicknames paragraph individually and then check their answers
for Earth (e.g., The Blue Planet, The Blue Marble, The Blue with others in their group. When the whole class has
Sphere, Mother Earth, Terra, etc.). finished, one student from each group reads their
completed text to the class.
Answers
The Earth
Fast finishers
2 Put students into small groups to discuss the question Ask students to think of another natural mystery that
for a few minutes. Encourage them to make notes on their they know of, or if they have access to their phones
ideas because they will need to refer to them in the next they could quickly look one up. Ask them to write a
exercise. Monitor, helping out where appropriate, but do short description of the mystery using two collocations
not confirm any answers at this stage. from Ex 4.
Answers
Students’ own answers EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section B p2
3 3.4 Explain the task and tell students to make notes The exercise on page 2 in section B of the Exam boost
on the different things mentioned as they listen. Play the provides more practice of collocations. This could be done
recording once, and allow students to compare their ideas in class or for homework.
with a partner. Then play the recording a second time for
them to check their answers. Ask students to compare what Answers
they heard on the recording with their own notes from Ex 2 1 held 2 similar 3 crafted 4 attached
and ask whether they found any of them surprising. Take 5 available 6 offended 7 controversial
quick feedback from the class.
Answers
Being able to see people.
Answers
1 d 2 a 3 f 4 g 5 h 6 c 7 e 8 b
Answers
1 unsolved mystery
2 deepened, understanding
3 remarkably beautiful/highly symmetrical
4 highly symmetrical/remarkably beautiful
5 distinctive feature
6 exceptionally difficult
7 complicate matters
8 accumulated knowledge
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Flexible follow-up
Ask students to see if they can find any other examples
of collocation in the text (easily visible; volcanic
eruption; exceptionally difficult; perfectly circular;
geological structure).
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LISTENING — Part 3 Multiple 1 Ask the question to the whole class, and write their
choice p31 suggestions on the board.
Answers
LESSON OVERVIEW
Students’ own answers
• Topic: The third place
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Flexible follow-up
On the board, write the main ideas about the common
characteristics of third places from the recording.
• Third places are unprejudiced and without social
status.
• The social aspect of third places is more important
than their location.
• Third places should be introduced into workplaces.
• Social media cannot be a third place.
Put students into small groups to discuss whether they
agree with these ideas or not. Ask them to avoid using
explicit words or phrases that indicate agreement or
disagreement. You could then have a vote on each one
to get a class consensus.
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7 If time allows you could do the writing task in class; Learning objective: Students will be better able to
otherwise, set it for homework. If for homework, then understand conjunctions and how they function in text
it could be written as an article in 180—220 words. Tell organisation.
students that they can refer to the notes they made in Ex 6
to help them with this task. Extra resources
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
Answers
Students’ own answers
• Reading and Use of English — Part 2 Open cloze
p12 Exs 2—3
Digital resources
Cooler • Presentation tool p32
Put students into pairs and ask them to imagine they • Grammar presentation 3: Conjunctions
had a spare room where they live. What would they use
it for? Why?
• Video: About C1 Advanced exam: Reading and
Use of English Part 2
Warmer
Ask students whether they read physical books, or
prefer to read them on e-readers/tablets. Take a class
vote on which format students prefer. Ask for reasons.
Then ask students what kind of books they enjoy
reading most, and why. Write their suggestions on the
board. Ask the class to vote for the three most popular
kinds of book. Finally, ask if they ever read a book after
seeing the film, and which they tend to prefer.
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DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may struggle to process the mind
map in the exam task (Ex 7). Go through the mind map
with them, or allow extra time for them to read the
prompts. Check that they understand the mind map
before asking them to do the task.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p41) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
Warmer
Write the following sentence on the board:
is a better form of motivation than
for achieving success.
Ask students to suggest words to complete the
sentence (e.g., financial reward, praise, competition,
prizes, encouragement, etc.). Write their suggestions
on the board, then have the class vote for the best one.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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6 3.11 Explain to students that they are going to do a A: OK, so when thinking about what contributes to getting
Speaking Part 3 task. Write the two headings from the Exam a promotion at work, I guess that it’s really down to hard
focus on the board (Ask for and give opinions; Refer to your work and getting results, don’t you think?
partner’s points). Ask students for language suggestions to B: You’re right, but it’s also about relationships with
write under each heading. Read through the information colleagues I think, and whether you show leadership
in the Exam focus with the class. Play the recording for qualities.
students to complete the task. Take class feedback. A: That’s true. It depends on the type of job really. What
about passing a driving test?
Answers B: Well, personally, I’d say that you need to have had good
All points are covered. training — a real driving instructor, not just your dad! And
I couldn’t agree more.; That’s a great way of putting it!; loads of experience.
… don’t you think?; That’s true, but …; You’ve got a point, A: I couldn’t agree more. The more practice the better!
but …; You’re right, but …; Don’t you agree?; I don’t entirely Also, you need to have driven in a variety of different
agree with you there …; Very nicely put! places — like on country lanes — where you might meet
sheep or tractors, and city centres where the traffic can
be horrendous.
B: That is so right. Moving onto learning a language, I
really believe that to do that successfully you need to
have a gift! Some people just have a talent for picking
up a new language, other people can struggle for ages.
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A: You’ve got a point. Some people — who I really envy — 10 In their pairs, students discuss ideas they could include
have no trouble learning a language, but I think if you in their article. Then set the task for homework. Students
really need to learn, you will. Like — if you’re living in should write their article in 220—260 words.
the country and you have to communicate, I think you’ll
learn. People learn differently, and at different speeds, Answers
that’s all. Students’ own answers
B: Very nicely put! I also think it helps if you have a good
ear — that is, you can remember and reproduce sounds
well. And the best thing is if you have parents of different
Cooler
nationalities — so you learn another language when
Put students into small groups. Ask them to think of
you’re very young!
the three best ways to celebrate an achievement. Take
A: Perfect!
feedback. The class could vote on the best idea.
(Decision question)
A: Right, looking at which achievement might affect
someone’s life most, my view is that it’s passing a driving
test. When you can drive and have a car, it gives you so Extra practice
much independence and changes your life, really. How
do you feel about that? EXAM TRAINER pp98—99
B: I couldn’t agree more. But also, I’d think that winning an For further practice of the skills presented
Olympic medal might also change your life significantly. in this lesson for Speaking Part 3, we
Afterwards you will always be remembered and you recommend students complete the Practice
become a celebrity — you’ll get asked on game shows task and How did you do? section on page 98
and write books and so on! and Strategies and skills Exs 1—4 on page 99
A: Yes, you’re right. And earn a lot of money for doing all of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer.
those things. Obviously getting a promotion also brings
you a lot of money, but may not change your life that There is a full practice exam included on pages
much. It’s not quite as significant as winning the medal. 106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
OK, let’s go for that. also two full practice exams included in the Digital
resources. For further practice, you can use Speaking
Part 3.
Alternative
After discussing the first prompt with the class, put the
students into groups of three. Two students do the
task while the third listens and takes notes. After two
minutes, stop the discussion and ask the students to
discuss the decision question for a minute. After this
the third student in each group gives feedback on
the ideas and language used. The students can then
swap roles and try the task again, discussing different
prompts.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Speaking or writing
9 Put students into pairs. Give half the pairs the first
question to discuss and the other half the second question.
Monitor their discussion, making suggestions if students
need ideas. After a few minutes, feed back as a class so that
they can share their ideas.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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3 THREE
WRITING — Part 2 Email or 1 Put students into pairs to discuss the sports, then take
letter pp34—35 class feedback. Find out which one most students would like
to try.
LESSON OVERVIEW
Answers
• Topic: Triathlons Students’ own answers
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10 Ask students to exchange their emails, and comment PRACTICE TASKS p36
on them. Elicit any common problems or queries. If the
exam task is completed for homework, students can Answers
exchange their emails at the start of the next lesson. 1 1 nationalities/nations 2 insight
3 geographical 4 unpredictable
Answers 5 expectations 6 unseasonable
Students’ own answers 7 overcome 8 interaction(s)
2 1 whereas pronouncing them was
2 queried who would be
Cooler 3 is alleged to have been
Ask students what sports they or a member of their 4 is being discussed by
family are keen on, or would like to learn. If they don’t 5 has not been identified as
like sport very much but had the chance to be good at 6 apologised for not having informed us
just one, what would it be? Why?
Students refer back to the unit topic predictions that
they made at the beginning of the unit and see how
many came up. Ask students to look back over the unit
and note down three interesting things they learned.
They compare their choices as a class.
Extra practice
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OPENER p37
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may take longer to complete Ex 4.
Warmer
Books closed. Write the word FOUR on the board.
UNIT OVERVIEW Tell students you want them to make up a saying or
phrase with only four words that they think would be
inspirational for other people. Write some examples on
Opener
the board, e.g. You can do it; You are not alone; Make a
• Language focus: Phrasal verbs change today. Ask students to work in pairs and think
• Topic: Afternoon tea of their own ideas. Take feedback and get the class to
vote on the most inspirational ideas.
Reading and Use of English — Reading
Give students a few minutes to discuss in pairs what
• Part 8 Multiple matching topics related to the word FOUR might come up in the
• Topic: Seasonal shift unit. Ask for their ideas as a class and ask them to keep
a record of their predictions to check at the end of the
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary unit.
• Part 3 Word formation
• Language focus: Suffixes
• Topic: Luck VOCABULARY: Phrasal verbs
Listening 1 Ask students what their favourite meal is. Find out if
• Part 4 Multiple matching they prefer traditional food from their countries or like to try
• Topic: Sense of direction food from other countries. Draw their attention to the photo
and elicit what it shows (British afternoon tea). Discuss the
Reading and Use of English — Grammar question and ask whether they have any similar traditions in
• Part 4 Key word transformations their country.
• Language focus: Reported speech Answers
• Topic: The fourth dimension Students’ own answers
Speaking
• Part 4 Discussion 2 4.1 Ask students to read the questions and see if
they already know any answers. Then play the recording and
• Topic: 24-hour charity challenges
ask them to answer the questions and then compare them
Writing with a partner. Take feedback as a class and ask if they learnt
• Part 2 Proposal anything surprising.
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4 FOUR
3 4.2 Explain to students that the sentences form a READING AND USE OF ENGLISH —
summary of the recording about afternoon tea. Put students
Part 8 Multiple matching pp38—39
into pairs and ask them to read the sentences, ignoring
the gaps, and to think about their meanings. They should
LESSON OVERVIEW
underline the verbs and add the preposition that completes
each verb. Play the recording for them to check their • Topic: Seasonal shift
answers.
EXAM FILE p17
Answers
Learning objective: Students will be better able
1 off 2 down 3 back 4 over
to understand how to identify different ways of
5 back 6 up 7 with 8 on
expressing ideas and how paraphrase works when
9 on 10 up
expressing ideas in a text.
4 Ask students to rewrite the questions using the phrasal Extra resources
verbs from Ex 3, then compare their answers with a partner.
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
Take class feedback. Ask students to discuss what they
would say in answer to each question with their partner. • Reading and Use of English — Part 8 Multiple
Take feedback on some of the answers and ask which was matching pp44—46
the easiest/most interesting question.
Digital resources
Answers • Presentation tool pp38—39
1 dates back to 2 tide you over 3 rustle up • Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of
4 lay on 5 set you back 6 pass on English Part 8
Warmer
Cooler Books closed. Write these two questions on the board:
Ask students to write two sentences about their own 1 Which season do you prefer?
meals, using two of the phrasal verbs from the section. 2 If the seasons didn’t change and the weather was the
One sentence should be true, and the other should same all through the year, do you think this would
be made up. Put students into pairs to read their have a positive or negative effect on people’s moods?
sentences to their partner, who should guess which Put students into small groups to discuss the questions.
one is true. Take brief feedback from the class.
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EXAM TASK
Flexible follow-up
4.0 This reading text has been recorded. To help Pick out the following phrases from the text and ask
support them in this task, you can allow dyslexic students to students what they mean.
listen as they read the text. Text A:
5 Ask students what they think would be the best way of knock-on effect (the consequences of something)
approaching the task (e.g. read the options before looking Text B:
at the texts; look at the function words to identify what kind distinct season (each season is clearly different from the
of information they’re looking for; go through each option others)
with each text one by one). Refer students to the tips in Text D:
the Exam reference notes on page 17 of the Exam file if
snow-reliable (you can be sure that there will be snow)
necessary.
seasonal shifts (changes in the timing of the seasons)
Do the first question as a class, and discuss why the answer
viable business (a business that is capable of being
is correct. Then put students into pairs to complete the
successful)
exam task. Allow 10—15 minutes for this. Encourage them to
highlight the words or phrases in the text that helped them
decide on their answer. When students have finished, check Speaking or writing
answers as a class and ask students to justify their choices.
6 Put students in pairs to discuss the two questions.
Answers Monitor the discussions, then elicit the overall class opinion
on what the focus should be. Encourage students to justify
1 D (‘… obviously involves higher costs, and smaller
their arguments with examples.
resorts have had to close; … resorts have refocused
and are promoting activities less dependent on reliable Answers
snowfall …’)
Students’ own answers
2 B (‘(that is — a large region on the planet with its own
range of living things)’)
3 A (‘… that this is only the most obvious and well-known
indication of the hardship …’) Alternative
4 C (‘… such as Dr Leslie Field’s research into sprinkling a Divide the class into three or four groups. Each group
particular type of sand over the Arctic ice to prevent the discusses the two questions, then one student from
shrinking. The idea of using sand to reflect the sun …’) each group briefly summarises the main opinions
5 A (‘… guided by the names of the months which were expressed.
taken from the weather; the name for March meaning
hot and dry, for example. Now sadly, that correlation is 7 Tell students they are going to write a short report on
gone.’) climate change. Put students into pairs to discuss the effects
6 B (‘… and this has, in effect, slowed down global of climate change on their own area (either where they live
warming for us.’) or where they are from) and make notes on information they
7 A (‘… increased numbers of pests and weeds that thrive could include in their report. Students write their report in
in the hot conditions.’) pairs. They then exchange their report with another pair
8 D (‘… “snow-reliable” resorts. To those not in the know, to comment on the ideas and the language. If time allows,
these are resorts providing a continuous 100-day ski discuss the most important effects mentioned with the
season with at least 30 centimetres of snow …’) whole class.
9 C (‘… showing how scientists are trying to find ways
through the problems — such as Dr Leslie Field’s Answers
research into sprinkling a particular type of sand over
Students’ own answers
the Arctic ice to prevent the shrinking. The idea of using
sand to reflect the sun links ideally to basic physics
lessons, too … a real life-changing application of
Cooler
scientific theory!’)
10 B (‘You’re much better informed than I was before Ask students to suggest a phrase or title they know
starting a project last month.’) which includes either the word season(s) or the name
of one of the seasons (autumn, winter, summer, spring).
This could be from music, film titles or everyday life
(e.g. Vivaldi’s Four Seasons; football season; flu season;
Fast finishers season ticket; Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale).
Ask students to read the texts again to check their Do this as a quick brainstorm in small groups, or with
answers. Encourage them to highlight any words they the whole class.
don’t know and see if they can work out their meaning
from the context. If there’s time, they can check in a
dictionary.
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Digital resources
• Presentation tool p40
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of
English Part 3
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may struggle with spelling in this
lesson. If necessary, ask them to complete only
questions 1—4 of the exam task (Ex 5) in the given time,
to allow them extra time to check their spelling. They
can go through the completed task for homework.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p7) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
Warmer
Ask if students know of any celebrities or sports stars who
are known to be superstitious and, if so, what they do.
VOCABULARY: Suffixes
Answers
Lucky: crossing your fingers, finding a four-leaved clover,
the number seven
Unlucky: breaking a mirror, a black cat crossing your path,
Friday 13th, opening an umbrella indoors, walking under a
ladder
Students’ own answers
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2 4.4 Allow students some time to read the questions EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section B p6
before you play the recording. Encourage them to make
notes as they listen. Check answers as a class. The exercise on page 6 in Section B of the Exam boost
provides more practice of using suffixes. This could be done
Answers in class or for homework.
1 The history and significance of the four-leaved clover.
2 to bless marriages, in medicine, placed in shoes to help Answers
the wearer find true love, passed on to others to double 1 pointless 2 constructive 3 priceless
your luck 4 courageous 5 lengthy
3 Because they are so rare, and rare things are considered ‘Priceless’ means the opposite of ‘worthless’.
special.
EXAM TASK
3 4.5 Write the following sentence on the board:
The book about superstitions was unusual. 5 Please note that in the C1 Advanced exam, this task
Elicit the type of word needed for the gap (an adverb). would contain a wider range of language. In this case, it
Then ask students to suggest words that could complete focuses on language from the lesson.
the sentence (e.g. distinctly, really, definitely, etc.). Remind Explain to students that they are going to do a Reading and
students that when they do a Reading and Use of English Use of English Part 3 task. Ask them to read the title and find
Part 3 task they need to think about the form of the word out if they know anything about the topic (they could refer
needed in the gap. Write the word distinct on the board back to their ideas in the warmer, if appropriate). Then ask
and ask students to call out other forms of the word (noun: them to read the text quickly, ignoring the gaps, so that they
distinction; adverb: distinctly). know what it is about. Check the main points with the class
Put students into pairs and ask them to match the words (athletes who are superstitious and some of the things they
with the suffixes. Then play the recording again for them to do). Go through the example with the class and make sure
check their answers. they know why ‘undoubtedly’ is the correct answer (it’s the
adverb form of ‘doubt’ and is also negative to make sense in
Answers the context).
commonly, dependent, discovery, distinctive, healing, Ask students to complete the rest of the task individually
prosperity, rational, thankful without looking back at Ex 3 or Ex 4. Allow ten minutes.
Once they’ve finished, put them into pairs to compare their
answers. Take class feedback, and discuss any they got
Alternative wrong or found difficult.
Put students into pairs and give each pair two words
from the list. They have to think of as many different Answers
forms of the words as they can. If suitable for your 1 repeatedly/repetitively 2 dependent/depending
class, you can set a time limit of two minutes for this 3 distinctive 4 irrational
task. They share their ideas with a partner. Take class 5 probability 6 skilful/skilled
feedback. 7 commonly 8 Ultimately
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7 Put students into pairs to discuss ideas, if they haven’t LISTENING — Part 4 Multiple
already been discussed in Ex 6. Then ask them to write a
matching p41
short article for homework in 220—260 words. This is good
practice for Writing Part 2.
LESSON OVERVIEW
Answers • Topic: Sense of direction
Students’ own answers
EXAM FILE p35
Warmer
Write the following statement on the board:
There’s no need for anyone to learn map-reading skills
in the modern world.
Put students into small groups to discuss whether they
agree or disagree with it. Take feedback as a class and
have a quick vote on whether they agree or not.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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2 4.6 Ask students to think of two reasons why EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section A p34
people might have a good sense of direction. Focus
students’ attention on the two questions. Encourage them The exercise on page 34 in Section A of the Exam boost
to make notes for each question as they listen. Play the provides more practice of understanding a speaker’s main
recording and put students into pairs to check their answers. point. This could be done in class or for homework.
Take feedback as a class.
Answers
Answers 1 B 2 D 3 A 4 E
1 Bad. He can’t find his way no matter how many times he’s
done the same journey.
2 She mentions being observant. EXAM TASK
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Speaking or writing
6 Read the questions with the class and give an example
of your own, e.g.:
I was driving one night while it was raining and I got lost. I
ended up going back home and I missed my friend’s party.
Put students into pairs to discuss the questions. Take class
feedback and ask for any amusing or interesting anecdotes.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
Cooler
Ask students if they have their own ways of avoiding
getting lost in situations where they can’t use a sat-nav
or navigation app (e.g. writing a list of directions in
advance; asking passers-by; reading road signs; using
a compass; observing the position of the sun). Take
brief feedback, writing any interesting points on the
board.
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Read through the Exam reference on page 9 of the Exam 4 Explain the task, pointing out that the sentences are
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information examples of the reporting verbs in the box. Put students into
about the specific exam part as well as which particular pairs and ask them to match the reporting verbs with the
strategies and skills are important. sentences. If there is any disagreement, they should justify
their answers with reasons. Take class feedback.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS Answers
Allow dyslexic students to work in pairs to do the exam
1 contradict — say that what someone has just said is wrong
task (Ex 5) so that they can discuss the manipulation of
2 compliment — praise or express admiration for someone
language required.
3 assert — say something is certainly true
Dyslexic students may benefit from the more explicit 4 exaggerate — make something seem better, larger, worse,
presentation of the grammar in this lesson in the
etc. than it really is
PowerPoint presentation that can be found in the
5 reassure — say something to stop someone from worrying
Digital resources.
6 query — ask for confirmation that something is correct
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured because you believe it may not be
checklist in the Exam file (p9) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
Fast finishers
Ask fast finishers to think of other common reporting
Warmer verbs, and what they mean (e.g. complain, cite, state,
Ask the class to put their hands up to name and advise, etc.).
describe different 2-D and 3-D shapes, e.g. a square
has four equal sides, a triangle has three sides, a
sphere is completely round, etc. The other students
should draw each shape that is described.
Flexible follow-up
Put students into pairs and ask them to rewrite the
Ask students to open their books to p42 and look at
main ideas in the sentences in Ex 4 using the reporting
the shapes in the picture at the top of the page. How
verbs. They should begin each sentence with Anna …
would they describe them? (Suggested answers:
Use the second statement as an example:
tesseracts, rectangles, squares, cubes, cuboids, etc.)
Anna complimented me on my way of viewing the
world.
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Answers
1 wondered whether / if it would be possible
2 know why we are / were unable to
3 concluded that (using) the drug was
4 reassured us that it wasn’t / was not
5 queried how we were / the way (in which) we were
6 complimented her on coming / having come up with
Speaking or writing
6 Put students into pairs to discuss the question. Go
round and monitor their discussion, helping them with ideas
and language if necessary. After students have discussed
the question in pairs for two or three minutes, take class
feedback. Discuss any different ideas and see if students can
agree on the concept.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
Cooler
Put students into pairs to discuss one interesting fact
or idea they learned in the lesson. Take brief feedback
from each pair.
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Answers Answers
Students’ own answers B is the best answer (she adds detail and examples, and
personal experience)
2 4.11 Ask students to listen to a reporter talking
A (too short and direct, undeveloped)
C (doesn’t actually answer the question — the speaker
about a recent challenge. As they listen, they should write
provides more background information instead of their own
down all the jobs they hear. Ask students to compare their
opinion)
notes with a partner, then play the recording again so they
Students’ own answers
can check their answers to both questions.
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Answers
Students’ own answers
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WRITING — Part 2 Proposal pp44—45 1 4.13 Ask students to look at the picture at the
bottom of page 45 and discuss the questions. Then play the
LESSON OVERVIEW recording for them to check their ideas.
• Topic: National celebrations
Answer
EXAM FILE p23 4th July Independence Day celebrations in the USA.
Students’ own answers
• Writing file: p133
• Vocabulary file: pp120—121 2 4.14 Put students into pairs and ask them to make
notes on what they can remember from the recording. Then
Learning objective: Students will be better able to
understand how to write an effective proposal, using play the recording for them to check. Take class feedback
appropriate language and a clear structure. and elicit any other information they may know about
4th July celebrations.
Extra resources Answers
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer picnic; dressing up; games; flags; balloons; live music;
• Writing — Part 2 Proposal pp56—58 firework display; performance by an orchestra
Digital resources
3 Ask students to do the quiz in pairs, then take class
• Presentation tool pp44—45 feedback.
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Writing Part 2
Answers
The Writing file on page 133 provides an example and 1 South Korea 2 Hong Kong 3 Finland
exam help for Writing Part 2 Proposal. 4 Russia 5 Spain 6 Canada
The Wordlist on page 120 of the Vocabulary file is compiled
from vocabulary from all the lessons covered in this
unit. Once you have completed this Writing lesson, the Alternative
exercises on pages 120—121 provide more practice of the Ask students to close their books. Divide the class into
vocabulary from this unit. These could be done in class or for two teams. Write the countries from the answer key on
homework. the board. Read the descriptions one by one, and let
the teams discuss which country the description fits.
Then check the answers and see which team got the
BEFORE YOU START
most right.
Read through the Exam reference on page 23 of the Exam
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
4 Either put the students into groups of three so that the
about the specific exam part as well as which particular
third student can time the talk and give feedback, or ask
strategies and skills are important.
pairs to work simultaneously while you time them. Once
complete, ask if they had any difficulty speaking for a whole
DYSLEXIA FOCUS minute, and why this might have been.
Dyslexic students may need longer to write their
proposal in Ex 11. Answers
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured Students’ own answers
checklist in the Exam file (p23) to check their
preparedness for this exam part. 5 Put students into small groups to discuss question 1.
Monitor their discussions, then ask them to discuss
question 2, making notes of reasons for and against
maintaining regional traditions. Take class feedback, then
Warmer ask the class to vote on the most important reasons.
Ask students if they enjoy big celebrations, and what
kind of celebrations they prefer. Put them into small Answers
groups and ask them to come up with ideas for what
Students’ own answers
makes a celebration successful. You could give each
group a particular kind of celebration to think about,
e.g.: 6 Go through the task with the students and ask them
to think about ideas they could include. They can also look
• A national holiday
back at the ideas originally discussed in the warmer for this
• A football club success
lesson. Take class feedback and write ideas on the board.
• An 18th birthday party
Take feedback from all the groups, and identify any Answers
similarities between the different types of celebration.
Students’ own answers
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7 Allow students sufficient time to read the proposal town council outlining a way of stopping trucks from
and put them into pairs to discuss the question. Take class travelling through the village, giving your reasons
feedback. Ask them to look at the proposal again and elicit and explaining why it needs to be given priority.
what they think the main features of a proposal like this are. 2 1 A, B 2 B, C 3 A 4 C
Write their ideas on the board so that they can check them Reasons why: Students’ own answers
later (e.g. headings, formal language, clear paragraphs, 3 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10
an introduction stating aims, a conclusion making 4—5 Students’ own answers
recommendations, etc.).
EXAM TASK
Answers
Students’ own answers For guidance on marking Writing Part 2 Proposal, please
refer to the Writing success criteria on pp173—175.
8 Briefly ask students what ideas they would personally
10 Go through the task with the class. Put students into
add to the proposal and take feedback.
pairs and ask them to brainstorm ideas to include. Allow five
Answers minutes, then take general feedback from students.
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OPENER p49
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may need longer to complete Ex 6.
Warmer
Books closed. Write the word FIVER on the board.
UNIT OVERVIEW Either show students a five-pound note (or an image
of one) or elicit its meaning and ask for equivalent
Opener values in their own currencies. Ask what they can buy
with a ‘fiver’ today. Give an example of amusing items
• Language focus: Body idioms
if possible, e.g. one and a half sandwiches; three bars
• Topic: High five of chocolate, etc. Ask the class how much these items
Reading and Use of English — Reading would have cost 5 or 25 years ago.
Give students a few minutes to discuss in pairs what
• Part 5 Multiple choice
topics related to the word FIVE might come up in the
• Topic: The perfect fifth unit. Ask for their ideas as a class and ask them to keep
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary a record of their predictions to check at the end of the
unit.
• Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze
• Language focus: Phrasal verbs
• Topic: The Olympics VOCABULARY: Body idioms
Listening 1 Ask students to stand. Go round the class and ask each
• Part 1 Multiple choice student to name a different part of the body in five seconds.
• Topic: The work week If a student cannot give an answer, they sit down. Keep
moving round until only one student remains. As a class ask
Reading and Use of English — Grammar students how much they, or their partner (or you!) use hand
• Part 2 Open cloze gestures while they’re talking. Ask for students’ answers to
the questions.
• Language focus: Conditional forms
• Topic: The superfood myth Answer
Speaking Well done! Yay! You did it! Nice one!
It is used to congratulate someone/each other.
• Part 2 Individual long turn Students’ own answers
• Topic: Coins
Writing 2 Write the word emoji on the board. Elicit different
emojis from the class — you could ask a few students to
• Part 2 Report
come in turn to the board to draw their favourite one/the
• Topic: Hotels one they use the most, if appropriate. Put students into pairs
to answer the question, pointing out that many emojis can
Extra resources have more than one meaning. Take feedback as a class.
(See Lesson overviews for details)
Answers
• C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
1 openness or hug (though people also use it to dismiss
• Pearson Practice English App: Unit 5 activities
something or when they don’t want to do a task)
Digital resources 2 up / one / question / idea
3 high five / talk to the hand / stop / question
• Presentation tool Unit 5
4 joy / celebration of success
• Unit 5 Language test 5 fist bump (greeting or high five meaning) / punch
• Unit 5 Language test for dyslexic students 6 pump fist — celebration / zero (and sometimes defiance/
• Unit 5 Photocopiable activities resistance)
• Unit 5 Grammar presentation
• Video: C1 Advanced About the exam
• Video: C1 Advanced Speaking Test
• Cambridge C1 Advanced practice exam papers
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Answer
They help us communicate our thoughts and feelings more
clearly.
Answers
be in the public eye — be famous and often featured in the
media
rule of thumb — calculate something, not exactly but
correctly enough, based on experience
go hand in hand — existing together and connected to each
other
Answers
1 face, b 2 eye, e 3 head, c
4 eye, f 5 neck, a 6 face, d
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Fast finishers
Warmer Fast finishers can highlight and guess or check in
Write the letter A on the board and write Athens beside dictionaries the meaning of any unfamiliar vocabulary.
it. Write the rest of the alphabet on the board with space Check through these when you discuss answers to the
next to each letter, then elicit names of capital cities from task.
the class. See if students can name one for each letter of
the alphabet (there aren’t any for E or X).
Ask if students have a favourite capital city, one that Flexible follow-up
they know well or one they would like to visit for a
Ask students for examples of an article they have
particular reason.
recently read and to say what the purpose of the article
was. Encourage them to think about whether it was to
1 Write London on the board and ask if students can inform, persuade, raise awareness, entertain, etc. Ask
whether the article was successful in its purpose or not,
name an area in London and why it is famous (e.g. the West
and why.
End — theatres). Focus students’ attention on the features in
the box and put them into pairs to discuss what they know
about areas of London or another capital that they both
know. If you’d like to do Ex 2 as a separate task, tell them not
to discuss Paris for now. Ask for ideas as a class.
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Learning objective: Students will be better able to use 2 5.4 Play the recording for students to answer the
phrasal verbs. question. They make notes individually and compare with a
partner. Check answers as class.
Extra resources Answers
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
They must be recognised internationally as a sport. Sports
• Reading and Use of English — Part 1 Multiple-choice must comply with rules of the Olympic Charter. A sport must
cloze p9 Ex 5 be practised by men in over 75 countries on four continents
and by women in at least 40 countries on three continents.
Digital resources They should be modern and have wide appeal. They cannot
• Presentation tool p52 be a mind sport. There should be suitable venues in the
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of host country. There should be sufficient media and public
English Part 1 interest in the sport and manageable costs. It should fit in
with Olympic values and have a good image. It must be
practised by enough people. It’s helpful if it appeals to
BEFORE YOU START young people.
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EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section C p2 7 Ask for ideas about different types of small sports
events and list them on the board. Put students into pairs to
The exercises on page 2 in Section C of the Exam boost discuss which event they could write about and what they
provide more practice of phrasal verbs. These could be might include. Ask them to consider factors such as age
done in class or for homework. groups, location, costs involved, advertising, etc. Students
can write their proposal in class or for homework.
Answers
4 1 F 2 A 3 D 4 B 5 C 6 E Answers
5 1 coming on 2 came round 3 come over Students’ own answers
4 coming up 5 comes across 6 come under
Alternative
EXAM TASK
This task could be carried out as a C1 Advanced
5 Explain to students that they are going to do a Reading Speaking Part 3 task. Put students into pairs and write
the following on the board:
and Use of English Part 1 task. Read the title of the text and
ask the following: What does the International Olympic Committee need
to take into consideration when choosing a venue for
• Do you know any famous sports team mascots?
the Olympics?
• Have you ever had a mascot that you took with you to
competitions or tests? size of country accessibility for visitors from abroad
weather reliability politics
Remind students to read the whole text first, ignoring the
experience of hosting large events
gaps and to see if any words immediately come to mind.
Students complete the task individually. Check answers as a Circulate and contribute or prompt where necessary.
Students share their comments as a class. They could
class and ask for reasons for their choices. You could extend
then write a blog or article about choosing an Olympic
by asking for example sentences using the wrong options if
venue for homework.
time allows.
Answers
0 B (‘pops up’ means ‘appears’, which fits the context.) Cooler
1 D (‘be referred to’ is the only option which fits both Check through the phrasal verbs covered in the
grammatically and in meaning.) lesson. Give students a verb and ask for a particle or
2 B (‘build’ in this sense means increase or develop, so the preposition that can follow it, and an example of how
character attracted interest in the merchandise.) to use it, e.g. come … (up: Something interesting came
3 A (‘put forward’ means ‘to propose an idea’ and is the up in conversation).
only phrasal verb which fits the context.)
4 C (‘come off’ means that it was successful and is the only
option which fits the meaning of the sentence.)
5 B (‘never looked back’ means they were successful from
Extra practice
that point onwards and did not doubt their decision.
This fits the meaning of the sentence, whereas the other
EXAM TRAINER p9
options do not.) For further practice of the skills presented in
6 A (‘make’ collocates with ‘an appearance’ to mean this lesson for Reading and Use of English
‘appear’.) Part 1, we recommend students complete
7 D (‘cater for’ means to provide what’s wanted by the Strategies and skills Ex 5 on page 9 of the C1
crowd (in this case photos with the mascot).) Advanced Exam Trainer.
8 C (‘strike a pose’ means ‘pose in a particular position’, in
There is a full practice exam included on pages
this case ready for a photo.)
106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
also two full practice exams included in the Digital
Speaking or writing resources. For further practice, you can use Reading
6 Ask students as a class about which sports they like and Use of English Part 1.
to watch, if any, and whether they usually watch them with
anyone. Put them into pairs or small groups to discuss the
question and then share ideas as a class.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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Flexible follow-up
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Explain that the questions in Listening Part 1 often use
Students might find the reading load challenging in
verbs to ask about function and purpose. Write the
the exam task (Ex 3). If appropriate, give these students
following functions on the board: exemplify; reinforce;
extra time to read through the questions, or ask them
acknowledge; dismiss.
to focus on the first two extracts only.
Elicit some examples. For example, for dismiss students
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
could say John mentioned asking everyone to stay an
checklist in the Exam file (p29) to check their
extra two hours to deal with the backlog. It’s ridiculous.
preparedness for this exam part.
I can’t see why he brought that up. Put students into
pairs and ask them to think of some more functions
(e.g. generalise, convey, question, suggest, etc.) and
Warmer share as a class. They should choose three and write
Write nine to five on the board and elicit what it might one or two sentences to show each function. They then
refer to (usual daily working hours). Write the following exchange their sentences with another pair to guess
countries underneath: the functions, or read them out for the class to guess.
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Alternative
Before students do the exam task, read the title of the
text and elicit the names of some superfoods from the
class. Ask them what they think the myth might refer to.
Speaking or writing
6 Read through the question with the class. Tell them
three foods you love and which one you could manage
without if you had to, giving a reason. Students write their
lists individually and discuss with a partner. Circulate and
note any common answers or interesting points to raise
during feedback.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
Flexible follow-up
Read students the following statement:
Food is one of the most important pleasures in life and
we should allow ourselves to indulge.
As a class, discuss students’ opinions. Encourage them
to justify them with reasons.
Cooler
Write on the board:
If I were to open a restaurant, …
Students complete the sentence individually and then
extend it with three or more sentences, using a range
of conditional forms. They share their ideas as a class.
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SPEAKING — Part 2 Individual long 2 5.10 Play the recording for students to answer the
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WRITING — Part 2 Report pp56—57 1 Discuss the questions as a class and elicit the last
reviews students wrote or read (if any). Note down the
LESSON OVERVIEW percentage of students who usually:
• Topic: Hotels • leave feedback
• read other reviews before using a service
EXAM FILE p25
Answers
• Writing file: p134 Students’ own answers
• Vocabulary file: pp122—123
Learning objective: Students will be better able to 2 5.12 Play the recording for students to answer the
write a report. question and discuss how far they agree as a class. Compare
the percentages the speaker gives (70 percent; 50 percent)
Extra resources with the class results in Ex 1.
Read through the Exam reference on page 25 of the Exam 4 Explain to students that they are going to do a Writing
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information Part 2 Report task. Elicit what students already know about
about the specific exam part as well as which particular writing a report, e.g. the type of language used, the format,
strategies and skills are important. what is usually included, etc. Read through the Exam focus
with the class and check their ideas. Read through the
task with students and ask what key words they would
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
highlight (e.g. your stay, any problems, recommendations for
Dyslexic students may struggle with reading the two improvements, etc.). Students then read the example report
reports in this lesson (in Ex 4 and Exs 5—6). Allow them
and discuss in pairs which point(s) in the Exam focus have
to read both in advance of the class.
not been addressed. Check ideas as a class.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p25) to check their Answers
preparedness for this exam part. Some language is too personal or idiomatic, e.g. ‘I loved
the lounge’, ‘for whatever reason’. The report includes
information about accommodation under the ‘Staff’
Warmer heading; this should be separated into its own paragraph.
Ask students about any holiday accommodation
they’ve stayed in recently and what they would 5 Draw students’ attention to the report and the
expect from a hotel, a guesthouse and a self-catering questions and ask them to do the task. Check answers as
apartment. Write the phrase secret shopper on the a class.
board and ask the class what they think this means and
what it would entail (a person hired to visit a shop or a Answers
similar establishment to report on the services without 1 the council
the staff knowing that they are not normal customers). 2 to report on the state of the local parks from a local
Ask students where they think secret shoppers might resident’s point of view
be used and whether they might like to have this job. 3 four or five, based on the conclusion
Encourage them to give reasons.
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6 Put students into pairs to read the five sentences and Basic services
decide where they fit in the report. Take feedback as a class The apartment was fully equipped with everything
necessary for a short stay, and all appeared to be in good
and ask what helped them make those choices.
working order apart from the shower, which did not
Answers consistently provide hot water; and two bedside lamps,
which both required new bulbs. The range of cooking
1 E 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 A
equipment available was excellent. There was good wi-fi
access in the property and the phone signal was strong.
EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE p24 Decor and furnishings
The apartment was well-furnished and decorated
The exercises on page 24 of the Exam boost provide more throughout in a minimalist, modern style. Sofas and beds
practice of report writing. These could be done in class or were comfortable and seemed to be new, and on my arrival,
for homework. I found the whole property spotless.
Recommendations
Answers I would like to see the provision of some essential food
1 Students’ own answers items in the kitchen cupboards. Some visitors will want to
2 1 C 2 R 3 I 4 C 5 A 6 R cook, and currently there is a total lack of basics, such as
7 I 8 C 9 I 10 A 11 A 12 T flour, rice, salt, etc. Clearly, providing perishables can pose
3 1 C 2 R 3 T 4 R 5 C 6 A health and safety issues, but at the very least, some coffee or
4 1 majority 2 considerable 3 stated tea should be provided.
4 According 5 conducted 6 indicate Conclusion
I experienced a comfortable stay at Apartment 6 and with
7 Read through the exam task in Ex 8 with students and the minor improvements suggested above, feel it would
certainly meet the required standards.
focus their attention on the three points. Put students into
pairs to discuss what details might have been given in the
report. Students share their ideas as a class.
Fast finishers
Answers Fast finishers could write a short review post about the
1–3 Students’ own answers same experience (around 50—75 words), to be posted
online for potential guests to read. Their post can be
either positive or negative.
EXAM TASK
Remind them that this time they should use more
informal language, but that they should still structure
For guidance on marking Writing Part 2 Report, please refer
their post clearly.
to the Writing success criteria on pp176—178.
8 Ask students to write their reports. Allow 45 minutes.
Remind them to plan first and group their notes into 9 Students check their partner’s report, checking whether
paragraphs. They should check the Exam focus again and all the points in the exam task instructions have been
also incorporate useful phrases from the report in Ex 4. covered, and the Exam focus tips followed. Remind them to
Circulate and give advice or help where necessary. be polite when giving feedback and to find points to praise.
Monitor and help out as necessary with feedback.
Example answer
Answers
Report on Apartment 6, Harvey House
Introduction Students’ own answers
The aim of this report is to record details of my stay at
Apartment 6, pointing out how far the property meets
the requirements laid down by the renting company and Flexible follow-up
making recommendations for necessary improvements or Write the following question on the board:
follow-up visits.
Some people say that you cannot trust reviews to give
Location and amenities true feedback. Why do you think this is and do you agree?
The property was as advertised; a second floor, two-
Students discuss it in their pairs, making sure they justify
bedroom apartment. It was implied that there is a view of
their opinions. If appropriate for your class, you can
the River Hart; however, the river could only be seen in the
support students by asking these follow-up questions:
distance by leaning out of the second bedroom window.
The flat was quite far from the town centre, and the closest • Why might people write a review?
shops and restaurants were at least 20 minutes away on • Would you be more likely to write a review about a
foot. good experience or a bad one?
• Would you be more likely to write a review about an
experience with a large multinational company or a
small local one?
Students then share their ideas with the class.
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Extra practice
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6 SIX
OPENER p59
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Students may need additional time to read the
Warmer
Books closed. Write SIX on the board. Ask students to
UNIT OVERVIEW imagine they have just been invited somewhere for the
weekend and they can only take a small bag. Ask them
Opener what SIX items they would take. Students write their six
items individually, then compare their lists in pairs. Ask
• Language focus: Fixed phrases
for ideas as a class and find the six most popular items
• Topic: Dominoes in the class.
Reading and Use of English — Reading Give students a few minutes to discuss in pairs what
topics related to the word SIX might come up in the unit.
• Part 6 Cross-text multiple matching
Ask for their ideas as a class and ask them to keep a
• Topic: Empathy — our sixth sense? record of their predictions to check at the end of the unit.
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary
• Part 3 Word formation VOCABULARY: Fixed phrases
• Language focus: Internal word changes
• Topic: Braille / Graffiti for the blind 1 Focus students’ attention on the picture and elicit that
the people are playing dominoes. Ask whether students
Listening have ever played and if so, what the rules are.
• Part 2 Sentence completion As a class, discuss the attractions of playing traditional
• Topic: Route 66 games. Then put students into pairs to describe a traditional
Reading and Use of English — Grammar game for their partner. They then share the games they
described with the class.
• Part 4 Key word transformations
• Language focus: Verb and noun phrases Answers
• Topic: Hexagons Students’ own answers
Speaking
• Part 3 Collaborative task Flexible follow-up
• Topic: Being organised Put students into pairs to name as many computer
or video games as they can in two minutes. They can
Writing
include games played on a mobile phone. Compare
• Part 1 Essay lists as a class to see who has the most. Ask for short
• Topic: Historical dates descriptions of those that might be unfamiliar to other
students.
Extra resources Find out:
(See Lesson overviews for details) • what the first game students played was
• what their favourite game is right now
• C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
• how much time they devote to playing these days
• Pearson Practice English App: Unit 6 activities
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6 SIX
3 Put students into pairs to answer the question and then 6 Put students into pairs. Ask half the pairs to note
share ideas as a class. If appropriate, play the recording down some points to support the idea of computer games
again to check, pausing after each point. A weaker group outlasting board games. The other half note down points
may need to listen to the recording before they do the task. supporting the opposite view. Students then discuss the
question as a class, defending their points.
Answers
all accounts — when talking about the origin of dominoes Answers
first glance — when talking about how simple it may seem Students’ own answers
loose end — when talking about when people play them
my element — when talking about his research
no means — when talking about his attitude to computer Cooler
games, and whether things will go to plan
Put students into pairs to think of more uses for
no time — when talking about the speed of the spread of
dominoes and then take feedback as a class. Students
popularity
vote on the most interesting idea (for example, making
stretch — when talking about the possibility of playing with
chunky jewellery or using them as building blocks for
multiple tiles
toddlers, etc.).
Answers
1 in 2 in 3 By, at 4 in 5 by 6 in
Flexible follow-up
Ask students to supply synonyms for the phrases
in Ex 4 (e.g., in vain — unsuccessfully; in no time —
immediately; by no means — it’s impossible; at short
notice — without a lot of time to prepare; in turn —
consequently; by default — without having to do
something; in your element — doing what you love).
Answers
1 theory 2 stretch 3 glance 4 loose
5 action 6 accounts
Students’ own answers
Fast finishers
Fast finishers can write three more B sentences using
other phrases from the recording that came up in
Exs 3 and 4. As a class, students then try to create an A
sentence for the new B sentences.
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6 SIX
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — 1 Write sixth sense on the board and ask the class for
Part 6 Cross-text multiple examples of what they think it means (a special ability to
know things without using any of your five ordinary senses
matching pp60—61 such as your hearing or sight).
Put students into pairs to discuss the question. Take
LESSON OVERVIEW
feedback as a class.
• Topic: Empathy — our sixth sense?
Answers
EXAM FILE p13 Students’ own answers
Digital resources
Flexible follow-up
• Presentation tool pp60—61
Ask students whether they have any similar examples or
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of interesting stories about a possible ‘sixth sense’, either
English Part 6
from their own experience or someone they know.
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6 SIX
Flexible follow-up
EXAM TASK
Put students into pairs and allocate texts A and B to
half the pairs, and C and D to the other half. They
6.0 This reading text has been recorded. To help
should highlight unfamiliar vocabulary items, then
support them in this task, you can allow dyslexic students to
check the meanings in a dictionary and think of
listen as they read the text.
synonyms. They then exchange synonyms with a pair
5 Before doing the task, remind students to first read from the other half of the class and find the vocabulary
all the texts, then to read the questions and highlight the items they relate to.
relevant sections in the texts before reading in detail again If appropriate, review the following items as a class:
and making their choices. Also, remind them that there will proponents (those who put forward a belief or theory);
be distraction, so they need to think carefully about the applaud someone’s thinking (admire it); good investment
meaning of what they are reading. Students do the exam of my time (worth doing); squeamish (easily disgusted or
task individually. Allow 10—15 minutes. Check answers made to feel sick); threshold (a level at which something
together as a class and ask students to identify the sections starts to happen); yours truly (me); go out on a limb
of the texts that helped them find the answers. (make a point very different to others); warrant (deserve);
in my estimation (in my opinion); clear-cut (obvious);
take off on a tangent (to suddenly start talking about
something that is only slightly related/not at all related to
the original subject); central premise (main belief).
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6 SIX
7 Students write the post in class or at home. Ask them to Extra resources
aim to write 150 words. Tell them to give examples to back C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
up their arguments, but that they can be invented. Students
• Reading and Use of English — Part 3 Word formation
share their posts with the class and see who agrees and who pp18—19 Exs 10—12
disagrees, and if they’ve given examples, whether they are
invented or real. Digital resources
• Presentation tool p62
Answers
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of
Students’ own answers English Part 3
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Extra practice
Some students may need additional time to read and
understand the sentences in Ex 4. You could ask them
EXAM TRAINER pp34—37 to focus on four out of the eight sentences only.
For further practice of the skills presented in Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
this lesson for Reading and Use of English checklist in the Exam file (p7) to check their
Part 6 and additional skills and strategies preparedness for this exam part.
to improve performance in the exam, we
recommend students complete Strategies
and skills Ex 3—7 on pages 34—37 of the C1
Advanced Exam Trainer. Once completed, they Warmer
can attempt the Exam task on pages 36—37. Write sign language on the board and elicit any signs
the class already know. Ask where people who do not
There is a full practice exam included on pages have hearing impairments might regularly see people
106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are signing (e.g. on TV, news programmes, films, theatres,
also two full practice exams included in the Digital etc.).
resources. For further practice, you can use Reading
and Use of English Part 6.
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6 SIX
Answers
2 Ask students for some examples of where braille is
used today (e.g. on packaging, on menus, on lift buttons, 4 1 noticeable 2 debatable 3 justifiable
etc.). Students read the text on page 95 to check their ideas. 4 edible 5 profitable 6 defensible
Check answers as a class. Extend by asking who invented 5 1 alternatively 2 assumption 3 beneficial
Braille (Louis Braille), when it was invented (1824), and 4 endurance 5 implication 6 removal
what was it based on (a simplified military code for silent
communication).
Flexible follow-up
Answers
In pairs, ask students to identify any common patterns
novels, printed materials, packaging, magazines, in how internal word changes are applied to words with
instructions, music, braille e-readers, spelling bricks for different endings. Take feedback as a class, asking each
children pair to suggest one rule.
3 Check through the words in bold in the text on page 95 Suggested answers
with the class. If necessary, write them on the board and 1 Root word ends in -ce or -ge: retain final -e before
elicit the root words from the class, highlighting the changes adding -able, e.g. noticeable, changeable, manageable
made. 2 Root words which end in -e: remove final -e before
adding -able, e.g. disposable, debatable, comparable
Answers 3 Root words which end in -y: change to -i before adding
1 vary (change y to i and add -ation) -able, e.g. justifiable, reliable, variable
2 simple (remove e and add -ify) 4 If the root word is a whole word: add -able, e.g. directly
3 able (add prefix -in, remove le and add -ility) 5 If you need to change the root word completely,
4 deny (add prefix -un, change y to i and add -able) so that it is not recognisable: add -ible, e.g. edible,
5 vision (remove on and add -ble) visible, defensible, intelligible
6 compare (remove e and add -able)
7 assure (remove e and add -ance)
8 rely (change y to i and add -able, then change e to y)
EXAM TASK
4 6.3 Play the recording and ask what aspects of 5 If necessary, elicit what students can remember about
braille the two people are talking about (Speaker 1: the Reading and Use of English Part 3 task from Units 2
people’s sense abilities; decline of skill. Speaker 2: and 4. Remind students to read the whole of the text first
technology and braille). Students do the task individually before focusing on the words to be formed. Also, they
and check answers as a class. Explain the difference should read the text through carefully afterwards to check
between dependent (relying on; depending on) and that it makes sense. Students do the task individually. Allow
dependant (a person who depends on someone; note that ten minutes. Check answers as a class.
American English uses dependent for both meanings), and
continually (repeatedly) and continuously (uninterruptedly). Answers
1 visual 2 inscriptions
Answers
3 undeniably 4 composition
1 sighted 2 memorisation/memorization 5 illegal/unlawful 6 undignified
3 significance 4 literacy, dependence 7 initiative 8 provocative/provoking
5 technological, invariably 6 curiosity
7 visually, tolerance 8 continuously
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Answers
Students’ own answers
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2 6.4 Read through the questions and play the EXAM TASK
recording for students to answer them. Check answers as a
class. 4 6.5 If necessary, refer students to the Exam
reference on page 31 of the Exam file to remind them how
Answers to approach the task.
People used it to travel to other parts of the country to Play the recording for students and pause it before it repeats
find work. so they can complete the task and check answers in pairs.
New faster roads were built.
Play the recording a second time for students to confirm
It is undergoing a revival.
their answers. Check answers as a class.
If necessary, play the recording a third time or refer students
EXAM FOCUS to the audioscript on page 152 to show where the answers
were found, and also to illustrate possible distractions which
3 Explain to students that they are going to do a Listening are especially clear in questions 2 (distraction — root beer), 6
Part 2 task. Remind them that in this part of the exam, (sidewalk highway) and 7 (blue whale; rocking chair).
completing the sentences sometimes requires focusing on
specific information and/or stated opinion. Answers
Read through the Exam focus and point out that the 1 diversions (‘We’d prepared in advance, painstakingly
examples given are typical of the kinds of sentences found researching directions … especially if we were to make
in the Part 2 task. Students do the task individually. Check any diversions …’)
answers as a class, asking for reasons. 2 (fried) pastries (‘I opted for fried pastries I couldn’t
pronounce the name of — they were superb’)
Answers 3 (truly) authentic (‘… its inclusion on the National Register
1 F 2 F 3 O 4 O 5 F of Historic Places, which meant we were in for a truly
6 F 7 O 8 F 9 O 10 F authentic experience. It really was.’)
4 memorabilia (‘… memorabilia from the early days of
Route 66. Those were what really captured my attention’)
5 deserted village (‘… if we hadn’t gone off track, we’d
Flexible follow-up
never have come across what we’ve since nicknamed the
Ask students to write three sentences of their own “deserted village” … We got some brilliant photos …’)
which give either a fact or an opinion. This could be 6 Ribbon Road (‘For those of you with an interest in the
about where they live or the surrounding areas. Put
construction of the route, you might be fascinated, as I
them into pairs. They exchange their sentences and
was, by … more frequently the “Ribbon Road” …’)
decide if they show fact or opinion.
7 Painted Desert (‘We travelled through every kind of
landscape on our trip … What made the greatest
impression on me was the Painted Desert …’)
EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section B p30 8 monotonous (‘we’d survived a month on the road … the
driving was, at times, monotonous’)
The exercise on page 30 in Section B of the Exam
boost provides more practice of understanding specific
information and stated opinion. This could be done in class
Speaking or writing
or for homework. 5 Put students into pairs to discuss ideas. First, they
should think about which five countries they would like
Answers to pass through and then plan their route and what
4 a Students’ own answers preparations they would need to make, e.g. tickets to book,
4 b 1 (relevant) documents places to stay, money to take, clothes to pack, etc. Circulate
2 menus and prompt where necessary. Take feedback as a class and
3 (fascinating) conversations compare students’ plans. Have a class vote on who made
4 wood(-)carving festival the most thorough preparations.
5 chess
Answers
Students’ own answers
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Extra practice
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
EXAM TRAINER p76 Allow dyslexic students to read the text about
For further practice of the skills presented in hexagons on page 95 before the lesson to prepare
this lesson for Listening Part 2 and additional for Ex 4.
skills and strategies to improve performance Dyslexic students may benefit from the more explicit
in the exam, we recommend students presentation of the grammar in this lesson in the
complete Strategies and skills Exs 4—11 on PowerPoint presentation that can be found in the
pages 76—77 of the C1 Advanced Exam Digital resources.
Trainer. Once completed, they can attempt Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
the Exam task on page 77. checklist in the Exam file (p9) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
There is a full practice exam included on pages
106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
also two full practice exams included in the Digital
resources. For further practice, you can use Listening Warmer
Part 2. Elicit as many shapes as possible from the class and
write them on the board (e.g. oblong, square,
rectangle, hexagon, etc.). Ask students to close their
eyes. Then ask each of them in turn to name something
in the classroom that is e.g. oblong, square, etc. See
how many items they can name for each shape as a
class. Students open their eyes and in pairs add to the
list. They share ideas as a class.
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GRAMMAR: Verb and noun phrases EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section C p8
1 Focus students’ attention on the picture at the bottom The exercise on page 8 in Section C of the Exam boost
of the page and elicit that a snowflake is hexagonal. Discuss provides more practice of using verb and noun phrases.
the question as a class and write their ideas on the board This could be done in class or for homework.
(see the Ex 2 answer key for possible answers).
Answers
Answers
1 explanation was given as
Students’ own answers 2 in terms of
3 mistakenly believe that
2 6.6 Play the recording for students to answer the 4 is a sense of harmony / a harmonious sense
question. Check answers as a class. Play the recording again
to check. Extend by asking why six-sided shapes are useful
(hexagons are strong, efficient, symmetrical and simple; EXAM TASK
they tessellate (fit together) without overlapping).
5 Explain to students that they are going to do a Reading
Answers and Use of English Part 4 task. Remind students of the
honeycomb, plants, fruit, dragonfly eyes, human carbon number of words allowed in each gap, and that contractions
atoms, crystals, snowflakes, water molecules, the hexagon count as two words. Also, point out that there will often be
clouds at Saturn’s north pole more than one change necessary: they must therefore check
all aspects of their answer so that it is logical in meaning as
well as grammatically correct. Allow about ten minutes for
3 Remind students that in Reading and Use of English
students to do the task individually, then they can compare
Part 4 they need to rewrite sentences while keeping the
answers with a partner. Check as a class.
same meaning. Look at question 1 with the class and elicit
that a passive is needed to complete the sentence. Point Answers
out that this is a common structure used in this exam part.
1 are rigid and that/this is / are rigid which is
Students complete the exercise individually and then check
2 deal of strength in
with a partner. Monitor and prompt where necessary. Check
3 measurements of a circle
answers as a class.
4 common for homes to be constructed/built / common to
Answers construct/build homes
5 main usage of
1 is stored 2 become interlocked
6 be defined very precisely
3 experience 4 an expectation
5 formation of 6 not change
Speaking or writing
4 Read the first line of the text on page 95 with the class 6 Ask students to name as many different fabric patterns
and ask if they can think of any examples. Note any ideas as they can. List them on the board. Discuss the questions
on the board. Ask students to read the rest of the text and with the class and extend by asking if they remember
write a one sentence summary of what it is about. Ask for having a favourite item of clothing when they were younger
examples from the class. that had a memorable pattern on it.
Extend by asking what particular examples are given in
Answers
the text (nuts and bolts, footballs, pencils). Students then
transform the phrases individually and compare sentences Students’ own answers
with a partner. Check answers as a class.
7 Put students into pairs to discuss the question and share
Answers ideas before writing the paragraph in class or at home.
1 tighten
2 prevalence Answers
3 be densely packed Students’ own answers
4 creation of a sphere / the ball
5 prevents it from
6 are being manufactured Alternative
If the topic in Ex 7 is too abstract, ask students to
list different types of art (impressionism, surrealism,
Fast finishers cubism, etc.) with examples of artists for each type.
Ask fast finishers to find one other sentence or phrase They can then discuss and write about the following:
in the text that can be transformed. Check through Geometrical shapes and patterns often feature in
these while monitoring. After feedback on the task, ask paintings. Are you interested in this form of art or do
them to write their examples on the board for the rest you have a preference for something different? Why?
of the class to transform.
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Warmer
Ask students to imagine their room or study as they left
it this morning (or before the lesson). Describe yours.
e.g.:
The bed is made but on the desk there’s a pile of
papers that I need to file. There are sticky notes on my
computer and a book on the floor by my bed.
Put students into pairs to tell each other about their
living or work spaces. Ask for examples as a class and
see if the majority of students would say they are tidy
or not.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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2 6.7 Ask students what being untidy might indicate EXAM FOCUS
about someone’s personality. Write their suggestions on the
board. Play the recording for students to check their ideas 6 6.9 Explain to students that they are going to do
and answer the questions. Check answers as a class. a Speaking Part 3 task. Read through the first paragraph
of the Exam focus with the class. Ask students if they
Answers can remember any phrases from the conversation that
1 paper clutter on his desk; not planning ahead when are related to evaluating, reassessing, or referring to the
having people over for dinner previous discussion. Then compare with the phrases given
2 being disorganised is a sign of intelligence and creativity in the Exam focus. Play the recording again for students to
and can indicate high energy levels check, or to answer the question.
Answers
3 Read through the questions in the survey with the class
Taking everything we said into consideration … ; I appreciate
and ask them to complete it individually. Put students into
that we said … but on reflection; If I remember rightly, we
pairs to compare their answers and discuss how similar they
agreed that …
are. Students report back as a class, giving examples. Find
out how the majority of the class answered. If appropriate,
give your own responses too. EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section B p40
Answers The exercise on page 40 in Section B of the Exam boost
Students’ own answers provides more practice of evaluating, referring and
reassessing. This could be done in class or for homework.
4 Tell students to imagine that they are sharing a flat or
Answers
a house (this could be at university or after leaving home)
and that one of the housemates is very disorganised. Put 1 looking 2 talked 3 being 4 compare
students into pairs to discuss what issues this might cause 5 go 6 appreciate 7 reflection 8 Taking
for the other housemates. Pairs exchange and compare 9 previously 10 far
ideas with another pair. Ask for suggestions from the class
and list these on the board. As a class, discuss how serious EXAM TASK
the consequences could be.
For guidance on marking Speaking Part 3, please refer to
Answers the Speaking success criteria on p165.
Students’ own answers
7 If necessary, refer students back to Unit 3 for advice
on how to approach a Speaking Part 3 task. Put students
5 6.8 Remind students that after the Part 3 discussion
into pairs to complete the task. To be exam compliant,
based around several prompts, they will be asked a decision
read the interlocutor’s part to the whole class and time the
question and they need to reassess the points. Tell them
initial discussion. Stop after three minutes and read the
that they are going to listen to two candidates discussing
decision question. Students resume their discussion, then
a decision question: Which problems caused by living with
stop them after a minute. Ask for feedback from the class
a very disorganised person would be the hardest to deal
on their discussions and conclusions. Ask them how many
with? Play the recording for them to listen for the problems
(and which) phrases from the Exam focus they managed to
mentioned. Take feedback and compare with the list on the
use in their conversations. If you need to assess students,
board from Ex 4.
arrange to listen to individual pairs while other students are
completing some written work, for example the writing task
Answers
in Ex 9.
being messy in the bedroom; keeping smelly stale food;
not doing their fair share of buying food and cooking; a Example answer
messy/dirty bathroom; security
A: Right, let’s look at being organised at work or college.
For me, I think it’s vital to be organised to a certain
degree. At college you need to have your notes filed,
and keep a record of what you need to do and so on,
whilst at work, if you’re not organised you won’t really
succeed, will you?
B: I completely agree. You need to keep and update
records, reports and know what’s in your diary. It’s sort of
OK being disorganised when you’re a student, but once
you get to work, that needs to change! How about in our
personal spaces?
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A: Well. I’d say it depends on the person? For example, Speaking or writing
some people can live with one level of disorganisation —
like my sister, who really has a messy room, but is happy 8 Ask students whether they are good at multitasking,
with it, and she knows exactly where things are! But and what sort of things they can do at the same time as
others get stressed out if their personal spaces aren’t something else. Give an example of how you multitask
neat and tidy. yourself, and whether it’s successful or not, e.g. Sometimes I
B: You’re absolutely right. It’s down to the individual. How try to talk on the phone while I’m cooking but I often end up
about with financial matters? Personally, I think you making a silly mistake or burning the food. Put students into
need to be organised — money, or the lack of it, is very pairs or small groups to discuss the question, giving reasons
important for all aspects of our lives and we need to and examples. Ask for comments as a class.
know what we’ve got, haven’t got, what our plans are,
Answers
you know?
A: That is so true. And this is something that I’d say people Students’ own answers
get better at when they’re older. They appreciate how
important it is. When you’re a student, you don’t have 9 Set the task to be done in class or at home. Suggest
so much to consider, but once you start working or get about 200 words and remind students to make notes about
married, have children, you need to think about financial what they will include before starting. Students swap emails
demands and you’ve got to be organised, no question. in pairs and compare any advice given.
B: And what about when socialising? I guess it’s important
here too. If you make social plans you’ve got to keep Answers
records so that you turn up to things when you’re Students’ own answers
expected and don’t let people down. Some people I
know seem to just be so laid-back that they arrive late to
social events, or simply don’t come at all — and that’s not Alternative
fair on other people, is it? Put students into pairs to discuss some typical
A: You are so right! Speaking Part 4 questions.
(Decision question) 1 Do you think that becoming more organised is
A: OK, so we need to decide in which aspect of our lives something we can learn, or is it just part of our
it is most important to be organised. I know we talked nature?
about several aspects being important, but if we have to 2 Do you find it distracting or helpful to share an
choose the most important, which would you go for? office or study space? Why?
B: It’s tricky, but taking everything into consideration I would 3 How important do you think it is to be punctual? Why?
say it’s work. If you’re not organised, you’ll lose your job
and that affects everything else, wouldn’t you say?
A: That’s very true. And I appreciate that we said that it’s Cooler
vital to be organised regarding socialising — but I think
Put students into pairs or small groups to discuss
I agree that it’s at work when it is most important. If I
whether they would prefer to share a house or flat with:
remember rightly, we agreed that being organised in
our personal spaces depends on the individual. And as • a family member
we said before it’s important with financial matters, but if • a friend
we’re not organised at work — we won’t have any money • someone they’ve never met before
to be concerned with, will we?! Encourage them to justify their answers and take brief
B: I couldn’t have put it better! feedback from each group.
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6 SIX
WRITING — Part 1 Essay pp66—67 1 Focus students’ attention on the picture and ask if
they recognise where the picture comes from (the Bayeux
LESSON OVERVIEW tapestry, which dates from the eleventh century). Tell
students that 1066 is a date most British people will know:
• Topic: Historical dates
this was when the French conquered Britain. Their army was
EXAM FILE p19 led by William of Normandy, who thus became William I.
Students answer the questions and compare in pairs. Ask for
• Writing file: p130 examples and comments from the class.
• Vocabulary file: pp124—125
Answers
Learning objective: Students will be better able to use
Students’ own answers
complex sentences in an essay.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
4 Students plan and write their essay. If doing this in
Some students may need more time to read the
class, allow 45 minutes for students to complete it. If time
example essay in Ex 5 than allowed for in the lesson.
is limited, you can ask students to write a detailed plan
You could let them read it in their own time before
including points for each paragraph, then they can use their
class. Students must also understand the essay tasks
plan to compare with the example answer in Ex 5.
in Exs 4 and 7. You could read through them with the
students in class.
Answers
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
Students’ own answers; example answer in Ex 5, page 67 of
checklist in the Exam file (p19) to check their
the Coursebook.
preparedness for this exam part.
EXAM FOCUS
Warmer
5 Explain to students that they are going to do a Writing
Put students into pairs and ask them to tell each other
Part 1 Essay task. Tell them that they should try to use
about a period of history they would like to travel back
complex sentences in their essays for several reasons: they
to for a day and why. They share their ideas with the
can make the essay more interesting and varied, they guide
class.
the reader through the points more easily, and they can
serve to focus attention on the main points.
Read through the Exam focus and look at the examples.
Then, students read the example essay and highlight
examples of words and phrases used to create more
complex sentences. Monitor and prompt where necessary.
Check suggestions as a class.
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Answers
Students’ own answers
Flexible follow-up
Students discuss the following statement as a class:
It is more important to look forward to the future than
EXAM TASK focus on the past.
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AIM
• To revise grammar and vocabulary covered in Units
1—6.
Digital resources
• Presentation tool pp68—70
Answers
1 1 B 2 D 3 A 4 C
5 A 6 B 7 D 8 C
2 1 can 2 in 3 were/is
4 give 5 has 6 making/doing
7 never 8 is
3 1 attractions 2 diversion 3 unheard
4 lodgings 5 unmanageable 6 seasoned
7 accessible 8 thankful
4 1 known as/called velocipedes and were
2 did you publish a book but
3 complimented (me on) my choice
4 put forward the suggestion/idea
5 if we were (all) to / were we (all) to
6 committed to the prevention
5 1 inclusively 2 feasibility
3 uplifting 4 irrelevant
5 undeniably 6 reassurance
7 incomprehensible 8 diversity
6 1 been misplaced by students is not
2 must have liked your article or
3 encouraged me to take
4 have (just/recently) taken on / recently took on
5 hugely if we all went
6 a naturally hexagonal
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7 SEVEN
OPENER p71
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may need longer to complete Ex 4.
Warmer
Books closed. Write the word SEVEN on the board.
UNIT OVERVIEW Ask students to suggest words and phrases in which
the number seven appears, and anything else they
Opener know about it. Write a couple of suggestions on the
board (e.g. 24–7 shops, 7–11 shops, 7Up (a soft drink),
• Language focus: Phrasal verbs
seven-a-side football). Put students into pairs to think
• Topic: Nitrogen of some more ideas and take feedback (e.g. it’s often
Reading and Use of English — Reading considered a lucky number, it’s a prime number,
it appears in some film titles, e.g. The Magnificent
• Part 7 Gapped text Seven).
• Topic: Tell me a story! Give students a few minutes to discuss in pairs what
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary topics related to the word SEVEN might come up in
the unit. Discuss their ideas as a class and ask them to
• Part 1 Multiple choice cloze keep a record of their predictions to check at the end
• Language focus: Easily confused words of the unit.
• Topic: The future of broadcasting
Listening VOCABULARY: Phrasal verbs
• Part 3 Multiple-choice
• Topic: Overpopulation 1 Tell students they’re going to learn about the chemical
element nitrogen. If it hasn’t already been mentioned in
Reading and Use of English — Grammar the warmer, explain that it’s a chemical element with the
• Part 2 Open Cloze atomic number 7. Ask students to read the fact file and
• Language focus: Future tenses complete any answers they are already sure of. Go through
• Topic: Sustainability any answers they did not know and point out that they could
have matched many answers using language skills and
Speaking without knowing much about nitrogen (e.g. for question 3
• Part 4 Discussion demolish collocates with buildings).
• Topic: ‘7 Up’ Answers
Writing 1 colour 2 poisonous 3 buildings 4 air
• Part 2 Review 5 computers 6 anaesthetic 7 liquid
• Topic: Espionage
2 7.1 Ask students to look at the list of industries and
predict what they think nitrogen might be used for in each
Extra resources of them. They can refer back to the fact file to help them.
(See Lesson overviews for details) Play the recording for them to check their ideas and briefly
• C1 Advanced Exam Trainer discuss as a class whether they found any of the information
• Pearson Practice English App: Unit 7 activities surprising.
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7 SEVEN
Answers
1 b 2 e 3 c 4 d 5 f 6 a
Fast finishers
Ask fast finishers to choose two phrasal verbs from Ex 3
and write a new sentence to show the meaning of each.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Flexible follow-up
Put students into small groups. Read the first question
aloud or write it on the board. Ask students to discuss
the question for two minutes. Circulate and monitor,
making a note of any interesting points or ideas to
address after the activity. After two minutes, stop
students and read or write the next question. When
all five questions have been discussed, give brief
feedback on the discussions. Finish by asking students
which was the most interesting question to discuss. If
time is short then choose just one or two questions.
• How should we dispose of things like oil or plastic at
home?
• What sources do you draw on to keep informed of
scientific advances or research?
• How do you keep food from going off?
• When do you think children’s interest in science kicks
in?
• Do you think enough effort goes into the teaching
of science in your country?
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7 SEVEN
LESSON OVERVIEW 2 7.3 Ask students if they’ve heard that there are
only seven basic story plots in the world. Give them one as
• Topic: Tell me a story!
an example (overcoming the monster). Ask them to predict
EXAM FILE p15 what the others might be, writing their ideas on the board.
Then play the recording for students to check their ideas
Learning objective: Students will be better able to and answer the questions. If necessary, play the recording
understand the logical structure of a text through the twice. Check answers as a class.
expansion of ideas, comment, opinion and example.
Answers
Extra resources 1 overcoming the monster, rags to riches, the quest,
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer voyage and return, rebirth, comedy and tragedy
2 He thinks the book is interesting but many of the plots
• Reading and Use of English — Part 7 Gapped text
overlap with each other, and the ideas don’t seem
p40 Ex 4, pp41— 43
applicable to some very modern novels.
Digital resources
• Presentation tool pp72—73 Flexible follow-up
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of Put students into pairs or small groups. Each pair
English Part 7 should think of a book they have read or film they have
watched recently, and try to identify which of the seven
basic plots it could be categorised as.
BEFORE YOU START
Pairs can share their ideas with the class and feed back
Read through the Exam reference on page 15 of the Exam on whether they found this task easy or difficult, and why.
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
about the specific exam part as well as which particular
3 Put students into pairs to do the task. They should
strategies and skills are important.
identify and highlight parts of the texts that helped them
decide on the order. Check answers as a class.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Answers
Dyslexic students may struggle with the texts in Ex 3
and Ex 5 on pp72—73. You can allow students to listen 1 B 2 C 3 A
to the audio recording of the Ex 5 text to help support Students’ own answers
them in this task. Alternatively, if appropriate, ask
students to read the texts in advance of the lesson, but
not to do any related activities. Allow enough time for EXAM FOCUS
all students to read and use fast finisher activities for
those who finish early. 4 Explain to students that they are going to do a Reading
and Use of English Part 7 task. Go through the Exam focus,
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
explaining that these are ways of identifying expansion,
checklist in the Exam file (p15) to check their
comment, opinion and example. Explain that thinking about
preparedness for this exam part.
how these techniques relate to the single main point of each
paragraph helps with completing the task.
Put students into pairs to summarise the focus of each
Warmer
paragraph in Ex 3. Take feedback.
Books closed. Put students into pairs to discuss what
kind of books they have to read, and what kind of Example answers
books they choose to read. Allow around two minutes,
B: To most people the idea of earning a living from telling
then take class feedback. Have a brief discussion on
stories is strange, but it is becoming very popular and
how similar or different the choices of books are across
clearly there is a gap in the market for this.
the class.
C: Story-tellers tap into our natural desire for escapism; they
can make the experience of being told a story an amazing
1 Put students into pairs to discuss the question. Take one.
feedback (e.g., interesting characters, exciting plot, A: The story-teller has a special talent for bringing a story to
suspense, etc). Then ask students to tell one another about life, taking anyone into a magical world where anything can
happen.
their favourite stories from their childhood or teenage years,
and why they like them. Take feedback and see if the class
has any shared favourite stories.
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7 SEVEN
The exercise on page 14 in Section B of the Exam boost 7.0 This reading text has been recorded. To help
provides more practice of understanding the structure of a support them in this task, you can allow dyslexic students to
text. This could be done in class or for homework. listen as they read the text.
Answers
5 Remind students about the Reading and Use of English
Part 7 task and elicit their top three tips for doing it
1 B 2 A 3 D 4 C
(e.g. look for ways a paragraph develops through examples,
B Today many people visit parks and gardens to relax and
comment, etc.; check tenses; look for references or
get away from busy streets and offices. However, all too
referents; think about the main focus or summary of each
often they are finding that the parks they visit are busy
paragraph; read the base text before the options). Write
and noisy places themselves, and the opportunity to
these on the board. Refer students to the tips in the Exam
find peace and quiet is getting progressively more and
reference notes on page 15 of the Exam file if necessary.
more difficult.
A As a result of this, a project has been started to try to As this is the second time students are doing this exam task,
ensure that there are places of solitude for those who ask them to do it under exam conditions and allow them
really want it. Silent Space hopes to introduce areas in 10—15 minutes. Put students into pairs to compare their
public parks and gardens where people turn off phones answers before checking as a class. Ask students to identify
and stop talking for certain periods each day. which parts of the text and paragraphs helped them find
D Some places have already made the move, an example their answers.
of which is at the University of East Anglia. Students who
Answers
want to get away from their labs and study rooms are
encouraged to spend time in an area called ‘The Dutch 1 C (‘ “I’ve always loved stories and storytelling ever since I
Garden’ where they can sit in complete silence and was a little girl,” she recalls.’)
appreciate the natural beauty. 2 B (‘With a couple of hours to kill before her evening
C It is believed that this can benefit us in many ways. It can performance of ghost stories, she leads me over to … ‘;
contribute significantly to our well-being and general ‘continues to explain how she reached this point in her
health. Apparently, just five minutes sitting quietly life.’)
looking at nature can have an effect and help us to relax. 3 G (‘Bombay to Yorkshire might seem an unlikely path
It is hoped that this idea will be implemented more to tread‘; ‘ “ … I thought, this is where I want to live”, she
widely in public spaces in the coming years. says.’)
4 A (‘In addition to this she thought she would be doing
something that would genuinely add to… ‘; ‘Before
settling there … ‘)
5 E (‘Part of that meandering took her … ‘)
6 F (‘As an example, she points out that many of the classic
stories … ‘)
Fast finishers
Ask students to highlight any examples of expansion
of ideas, comments, opinions or examples in the text.
If time allows, go through these with the class after the
reading task has been completed.
Flexible follow-up
Ask students to write headings to summarise the
main ideas of paragraphs 1—6 of the main text. Take
feedback and share their ideas with the class.
Possible answers:
1 First meeting with Brand
2 Brand’s background
3 Why she chose to settle in Yorkshire
4 Jobs Brand has done
5 Who Brand writes for
6 The writing process
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EXAM FILE p3
7 Put students into pairs to tell their stories. Take feedback
from each pair on how good they thought their partner was Learning objective: Students will be better able to
as a storyteller. Ask the whole class what they did or didn’t understand the meaning of easily confused words and
enjoy about their story-telling. If time allows, ask a few how to differentiate between them.
confident students to retell their stories to the class.
Extra resources
Answers
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
Students’ own answers
• Reading and Use of English — Part 1 Multiple-choice
cloze p9 Exs 6—8, p10
8 Tell students that they are going to write a story with
four paragraphs. Put students into groups of four, and then Digital resources
divide the groups into two pairs. Each pair should write their • Presentation tool p74
opening paragraph on a separate piece of paper (around
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of
two to three sentences). After they have finished, they English Part 1
exchange their opening paragraph with the other pair in
their group and each pair writes a second paragraph. They
exchange their stories again to write the third paragraph. The BEFORE YOU START
final exchange allows them to complete the story with the
fourth paragraph. Students review the completed stories and Read through the Exam reference on page 3 of the Exam
describe what is good about them. If time allows, pass the file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
completed stories round the class for all the pairs to read. about the specific exam part as well as which particular
strategies and skills are important.
Answers
Students’ own answers DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Allow dyslexic students five minutes longer to
complete the exam task (Ex 6). Other students can
Cooler complete the fast finishers task during this time.
Put students into small groups. Ask them to briefly Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
discuss any films they have seen that were adaptations checklist in the Exam file (p3) to check their
of books and to think about which version they thought preparedness for this exam part.
was better — the book or the film. Take brief feedback
from the class.
Warmer
Ask students if anyone that they know of has a
Extra practice long-held ambition that they have or have not
managed to achieve. This could be someone they
EXAM TRAINER pp40—43 know, a fictional character or a celebrity.
For further practice of the skills presented in Discuss the following questions as a class:
this lesson for Reading and Use of English
Part 7 and additional skills and strategies
• If the person did achieve their ambition, what factors
do you think might have been important?
to improve performance in the exam, we
recommend students complete Strategies
• If they didn’t achieve their ambition, why might this
be?
and skills Exs 4—7 on pages 40—41 of the C1
Advanced Exam Trainer. Once completed, they
• How might the person feel about their ambition now?
can attempt the Exam task on pages 42—43.
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Answers
Students’ own answers Flexible follow-up
Put students into pairs and ask them to discuss whether
2 7.4 Explain to students that they will listen to a they enjoy watching vlogs. Ask them to think about
short news programme about the man in the photo in Ex 1. what they would like to vlog about and why. Take
Play the recording for them to answer the question. Take feedback and see what the most popular ideas are.
class feedback and compare the answers to their ideas in
Ex 1.
EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section D p2
Answers
He had been broadcasting to his wife on Radio 77 since The exercise on page 2 in Section D of the Exam boost
1974 and was eventually tracked down and offered a real provides more practice of dealing with easily confused
slot on a radio station. words. This could be done in class or for homework.
Answers
3 Write the word illusion on the board and ask students
what type of word it is and what it means (a noun which 1 Empathy; sympathy 2 Discrete, discreet
means something that is not real). Then write allusion next 3 elicit, illicit 4 Alternately, alternatively
to it and ask the same question (the noun form of the verb
allude, which means refer indirectly).
EXAM TASK
Look at the first sentence together and ask students to
choose the correct word (illusion). Point out that this is also a 6 Please note that in the C1 Advanced exam, this task
collocation (to be under no illusion about something, which would contain a wider range of language. In this case, it
means you see the reality and are not misled in any way). focuses on language from the lesson.
Ask students to read through the rest of the sentences and Explain to students that they are going to do a Reading
choose the correct alternatives. If they are not sure, they can and Use of English Part 1 task. Before students do the task,
look the words up in a dictionary. Take class feedback and remind them to read the title and the whole text before they
highlight any collocations (e.g. 1 under no illusion; 4 to great look at the options. Point out that they should take care with
effect). Discuss the meaning of the incorrect words. words that look similar but have different meanings (e.g. in
question 5). Students complete the task individually. If doing
Answers the task under timed conditions, allow ten minutes. Remind
1 illusion 2 continuously 3 implied students to read the complete text at the end to review their
4 effect 5 assured 6 compliment answers, before comparing with a partner. After checking
the answers with the class, ask students if they agree with
the conclusions reached about broadcasting in the text.
Alternative
Answers
Put students into pairs and give each pair one sentence
to think about. They have to choose the right word in 1 D (‘notable change’ is a fixed phrase)
their sentence, and explain their answer to the rest of 2 A (‘on the decline’ is a fixed phrase)
the class. They should also explain what the other word 3 B (‘infer’ is the only option that can be followed by ‘from’
means, and why it is incorrect. to mean ‘conclude (something) from the evidence’)
4 A (‘adjusting’ is the only option that fits the context)
5 C (‘subscribe’ fits the context, meaning ‘arrange to use
4 Put students into pairs to discuss the questions. You something regularly by paying in advance’)
could point out that this is a typical type of question in 6 D (‘continually’ collocates with ‘update’ and means
Speaking Part 1. Ask a few pairs to feed back. ‘regularly; repeated frequently in the same way’)
7 A (‘air’ fits the context, meaning ‘broadcast a programme
Answers
on TV’)
Students’ own answers 8 C (‘ensure’ is the only option that fits the context)
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DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Extra practice Allow dyslexic students extra time to read the questions
and options in the exam task (Ex 5). Other students can
EXAM TRAINER pp 9—10 mark any words they are not sure of to discuss later in
For further practice of the skills presented in the lesson during this time. Alternatively, ask dyslexic
this lesson for Reading and Use of English students to read the questions and options before the
Part 1 and additional skills and strategies lesson.
to improve performance in the exam, we Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
recommend students complete Strategies checklist in the Exam file (p33) to check their
and skills Exs 6—10 on pages 9—10 of the C1 preparedness for this exam part.
Advanced Exam Trainer. Once completed,
they can attempt the Exam task on page 10.
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Suggested answers
Flexible follow-up
Underpopulation
Challenges: shortage of workers, not enough of the In their pairs, students choose a new feeling that is not
population paying tax to support the economy, etc. in the box, and think of two or three explanations or
Reasons: low birth rate, emigration, aging population, etc. sentences illustrating it. They then join into groups of
four to guess each other’s words.
Overpopulation
Challenges: strain on resources and services. etc.
Reasons: baby boom, advances in medicine, etc.
EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section B p32
2 7.5 Tell students they will hear two students talking The exercises on page 32 in Section B of the Exam boost
about overpopulation. Play the recording and ask students provide more practice of understanding the feelings
about the causes of overpopulation the boy mentions. expressed by speakers. These could be done in class or for
Check answers as a class. Then compare these ideas with homework.
the ones students suggested in Ex 1.
Answers
Answers
2 1 d 2 a 3 c 4 e 5 b
decreased mortality rates (adults and children), better food 3 1 grumpy 2 appalled 3 overwhelmed
production and access to food, better medicine and access 4 alarmed 5 insecure
to medicine, lack of education about overpopulation
3 7.6 Explain that students will now listen to the girl. EXAM TASK
Play the recording and ask what effects of overpopulation
she mentions. Check answers as a class, and compare her 5 7.7 Before doing the exam task, ask students to
ideas with those the students suggested in Ex 1. quickly read the rubric to identify what the speakers are
going to talk about (global population). Emphasise the
Answers importance of knowing the context of what they will be
depletion of resources; pollution; deforestation; damaged listening to. Focus their attention on the questions and the
air quality and increased CO2 emissions; global warming options. Ask them to identify three questions about feelings
and climate change; possible increase in conflict, disease (1, 4 and 5). Remind them that at least one question will be
and starvation; unemployment; poverty; increase in crime; an agreement question, so for this one they need to ensure
higher cost of living they listen to both speakers.
Allow students 30 seconds to read through all the questions
and options. Play the recording twice. The recording is
EXAM FOCUS repeated as in the real exam; allow students a little time
after the second listening to review their answers before
4 Explain to students that they are going to do a Listening
going through them as a class. Discuss any incorrect
Part 3 task. Go through the Exam focus and the examples of
answers, referring students to the audioscript on
feelings being expressed directly and indirectly. Check that
pages 155—156 if necessary.
students understand the differences between the two.
Review the example in Ex 4 with the class, and ask them to Answers
suggest what bothers means and how the person is feeling. 1 A (‘People do challenge me when I attempt to put my
Point out that this word could include more than one feeling arguments forward on this matter, but I’m prepared for
(e.g. worried, anxious, unhappy, etc.), and elicit which feeling the onslaught!’ B is not correct because he does not
in the box it matches with (troubled). Put students into pairs express frustration; C is not correct because he does not
and ask them to explain the feelings in the box to each mention getting into arguments about it; and D is not
other, without saying the word. Take feedback by asking a correct because he doesn’t suggest that he can’t get his
pair to give one of the explanations they came up with. The point across.)
rest of the class guesses which feeling it relates to. 2 C (‘People have made use of technologies and
engineering — from as far back as the earliest stone tools
Answers — to manage ecosystems and sustain populations.’ A is
Students’ own answers not correct because he doesn’t say their needs change;
B is not correct because he says it’s taken a long time
(‘thousands of generations’); and D is not correct
because he says humanity isn’t sustained naturally.)
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3 C (‘Well, I’ll concede that species do naturally die out.’ A 7 Students make notes on pros and cons indvidually and
is not correct because he does counter her argument; then write their paragraph. In pairs, they then summarise
B is not correct because they do agree on one point in their main points for their partner. Alternatively, ask students
the end; and D is not correct because they do not say to write a full article in 220—260 words for homework.
anything that suggests they’re annoyed.)
4 B (‘People living in overcrowded places are becoming Answers
more and more vulnerable and that’s a terrible state of Students’ own answers
affairs. They lack fresh water, safe housing, they live in
polluted environments … That’s an unacceptable fact for
too many people.’ A is not correct because although she
Cooler
mentions megacities, she doesn’t refer to them rapidly
Put students into small groups. Ask them to come up
developing; C is not correct because she suggests
with one reason to be pessimistic about the future and
action; and D is not correct because she does not talk
one reason to be optimistic. Share suggestions with the
about her personal impact.)
class, and carry out a class vote on the best optimistic
5 A (‘Some commentators say there won’t be enough
reason.
food in future — or that there isn’t enough food now.
Population doesn’t outrun the food supply as some
would have you believe.’ B is not correct because he says
we are able to sustain ourselves; C is not correct because Extra practice
he only says that technology needs to improve, not that
it’s slow; and D is not correct because he says there is EXAM TRAINER pp80—81
enough space and that we just need to use it better.) For further practice of the skills presented in
6 D (‘I think that our food choices do have an impact this lesson for Listening Part 3 and additional
on nature’ … ‘We overfish, too. Not enough of what skills and strategies to improve performance
we do protects water, soil or animals, making current in the exam, we recommend students
practices unsustainable for the large part.’ A is not complete Strategies and skills Exs 5—7 on
correct because Hugo is not convinced about this; B is pages 80—81 of the C1 Advanced Exam
not correct because neither of them actually says this, Trainer. Once completed, they can attempt
though Bethany says there are already other crops we the Exam task on page 81.
could eat but don’t; C is not correct because only Hugo
mentions different food sources (insects) and he is not There is a full practice exam included on pages
convinced that this would work for everybody (along with 106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
veganism).) also two full practice exams included in the Digital
resources. For further practice, you can use Listening
Part 3.
Flexible follow-up
Put students in pairs and ask them to suggest their top
three tips for approaching the Listening Part 3 task.
Suggestions:
1 Read the general instructions and the information
about the speakers.
2 Read the questions and all the options quickly
before you listen.
3 Listen the first time and mark answers you are
sure of.
4 Listen the second time to confirm your answers,
and to fill in any you missed.
5 Always choose an option because there is no
negative marking.
Speaking or writing
6 Put students into small groups to discuss the question.
Monitor the discussions and take class feedback at the end.
Ask students which solutions they thought were most
interesting and most achievable.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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Extra resources
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer Flexible follow-up
• Reading and Use of English — Part 2 Open cloze Dictate the following questions to students, or write
pp13—15 them on the board. Put students into small groups to
answer the questions. They then report back to the
Digital resources class on the most common answers in their group and
• Presentation tool p76 discuss how sustainable they think their lifestyles are.
• Grammar presentation 7: Future tenses 1 Do you repair clothes or buy new ones? Why?
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Reading and Use of 2 How do you travel to your place of work or study:
English Part 2 on foot/by bike/by public transport/by car? Why?
3 If you have food that is about to go off, what do you
do with it: bin it, compost it or eat it as soon as you
The Grammar reference and exercises on pages 110—111 can?
of the Grammar file provide more practice of future tenses. 4 Do you leave your appliances on standby when
This could be done in class or for homework. you’re out? Why? / Why not?
5 How often do you buy carrier bags at the
BEFORE YOU START supermarket?
6 Do you air dry your clothes or use a tumble dryer?
Read through the Exam reference on page 5 of the Exam Why?
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
about the specific exam part as well as which particular
strategies and skills are important. 2 7.8 Tell students they’re going to listen to a
description of a company called Seventh Generation. Play
the recording for students to listen and answer the question.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Take feedback as a class and briefly discuss what they think
Dyslexic students may benefit from the more explicit of the company’s plans.
presentation of the grammar in this lesson in the
PowerPoint presentation that can be found in the Answers
Digital resources.
They aim to become a zero-waste company, reduce
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured products and packaging that end up in landfill, use one
checklist in the Exam file (p5) to check their hundred percent bio-based ingredients, reduce the amount
preparedness for this exam part. of palm oil they use, produce more sustainable packaging,
reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and make sure the
water cycle is not contaminated.
Warmer
Put students into small groups, and write the following 3 7.9 Point out that the sentences provide a summary
questions on the board: of the recording they have just heard in Ex 2. Put students
into pairs to do the exercise. Play the recording for students
• What kind of things can people recycle where you
to compare their answers, then check answers as a class.
live?
Discuss any that students weren’t sure of.
• Is recycling popular?
• How can people be encouraged to recycle more? Answers
Allow three or four minutes for discussion, then take
1 doing
class feedback.
2 will include
3 will be
4 been working, have replaced
5 going to ensure
6 not leaving (also possible: not going to leave)
7 be following (also possible: have followed)
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Speaking or writing
Fast finishers
Ask fast finishers to choose the most sustainable and
6 Tell students that you are planning to buy fewer new
clothes in order to lead a more sustainable lifestyle. Put
the most achievable ideas. If there is time at the end of
the activity, ask them to outline their ideas for the rest students into pairs to discuss the question. Take quick class
of the class. feedback from each pair and take a class vote on the best
ideas.
Answers
Flexible follow-up Students’ own answers
Put students into small groups to suggest any other
ways these two people could lead even more
sustainable lives. Ask them to vote on which person Cooler
they think will lead the most sustainable life in future,
Put students into pairs and ask them to consider the
and why.
most interesting or useful idea about sustainability they
learned from the lesson. Take feedback.
Answers
1 have/need 2 (al)though, while 3 in
4 be 5 going 6 is
7 must 8 more
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SPEAKING — Part 4 Discussion p77 2 Put students into pairs to read the blog and answer
the first question. Allow about five minutes (weaker classes
LESSON OVERVIEW might need a little longer) before asking them to read out
their summary sentences. Decide which pair’s sentence is
• Topic: ‘7 Up’
the best as a class, then discuss questions 2 and 3 with the
EXAM FILE p43 whole class, writing any useful ideas or vocabulary on the
board.
Learning objective: Students will be better able to
interrupt a discussion politely, add their own opinion to Answers
what another person has said, and ask for clarification. Possible answers:
1 ‘7 Up’ was a TV programme which followed a group
Extra resources of seven-year-olds from different backgrounds to
investigate how their future lives would be affected.
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer
It has followed the children until the age of 56 so far, and
• Speaking — Part 4 Discussion p104 Exs 7—8, p105 overall it has found that having a privileged or unprivileged
Digital resources background has a significant influence on success.
2—3 Students’ own answers
• Presentation tool p77
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Speaking Part 4 3 Tell students that this activity is quite similar to
• Video: C1 Advanced Speaking Test 2, Part 4 Speaking Part 3, although it would be laid out differently
in the real exam. To illustrate this, write the question on
the board in the centre of a spider diagram and write the
BEFORE YOU START prompts around it. Point out that in a Speaking Part 3 task
Read through the Exam reference on page 43 of the Exam there would only be five prompts.
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information Put students into pairs, and allow five minutes for their
about the specific exam part as well as which strategies and discussion. Monitor and make notes on any language points
skills are important. you would like to pick up on. Take class feedback to find
out which ideas they discussed and which they think is most
important in a child’s development.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may benefit from the structured Answers
checklist in the Exam file (p43) to check their Students’ own answers
preparedness for this exam part.
Alternative
Warmer Put students into pairs and allocate three prompts
Put students into small groups. Ask them to discuss to each pair to discuss. After five minutes, stop the
things from their childhood that have influenced them discussion and take class feedback on how easy the
in their lives, for example hobbies they have taken up, prompts were to talk about and what ideas they had
skills they have developed, etc. Give an example to about them. Then ask each pair to think about whether
start their discussion, e.g.: they would have chosen to discuss the prompts they
When I was young I went to a football match with a were allocated, or whether they would have preferred
relative and I have supported that team ever since. to talk about different ones. Remind them that in
Take class feedback. the Speaking Part 3 task they should talk about the
prompts they have most ideas about first.
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Answers
Students’ own answers
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WRITING — Part 2 Review pp78—79 1a Ask the whole class to suggest numbers (e.g. 007
James Bond, The 39 Steps, Three Days of the Condor,
LESSON OVERVIEW The Third Man, MI5, MI6, etc.).
• Topic: Espionage
Answers
EXAM FILE p27 Students’ own answers
• Writing file: p135 1b Divide the class into two groups. Ask one group to
• Vocabulary file: pp126—127 discuss the qualities of a good spy and the other group
Learning objective: Students will be better able to to discuss the differences between the life of a real spy
understand how to engage a reader and keep their and a fictional one. Put two columns on the board with the
attention. headings Qualities and Differences. Ask one student from
each group to write the ideas they discussed in the relevant
column.
Extra resources
C1 Advanced Exam Trainer Answers
• Writing — Part 2 Review pp64—66 Students’ own answers
Digital resources
2 Put students into pairs to complete the titles.
• Presentation tool pp78—79 Alternatively, you could also do this as a quick quiz to see
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Writing Part 2 who finishes first. Check answers as a class and find out
which, if any, of the films are popular with the class.
The Writing file on page 135 provides an example and
exam help for Writing Part 2 Review. Answers
The Wordlist on page 126 of the Vocabulary file is compiled 1 Solace 2 Bridge 3 Impossible 4 Soldier
from vocabulary from all the lessons covered in this 5 Bourne 6 Golden
unit. Once you have completed this Writing lesson, the
exercises on pages 126—127 provide more practice of the 3 7.12 Allow students 30 seconds to read the
vocabulary from this unit. These could be done in class or for questions, then play the recording and ask them to make
homework. notes on the answers. Put them into pairs to compare
their notes. Play the recording again if necessary, then
BEFORE YOU START check answers as a class. Ask students if they ever listen to
podcasts themselves.
Read through the Exam reference on page 27 of the Exam
file before starting the lesson. This will give you information Answers
about the specific exam part as well as which particular 1 We know the terminology and what goes on in the world
strategies and skills are important. of spies.
2 They once worked in the secret services themselves.
3 To advertise the speaker’s book.
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Allow dyslexic students to read the review (Ex 4) before
the lesson so they can focus on the questions in class.
Alternatively, allow them extra time to read the review
Alternative
in the lesson while the other students complete the fast Divide the class into three groups, and allocate one
finishers task. question to each group. Play the recording, then each
group gives feedback to the other two groups on
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
what was said that relates to their question. Play the
checklist in the Exam file (p27) to check their
recording a second time so that students can listen for
preparedness for this exam part.
the answers to all the questions.
Warmer
Flexible follow-up
Put students into pairs. Ask them to brainstorm
Put students into small groups. Write the following
different genres of films, and discuss which genre they
questions about podcasts on the board and give
personally prefer (e.g. action, adventure, comedy,
students a few minutes to discuss them:
crime/gangster, drama, epics/historical, horror,
musicals, sci-fi, etc.). Write the genres on the board and 1 What do you think of podcasts?
establish the most popular genre in the class. 2 What kinds of podcasts do you listen to and why?
3 How is listening to podcasts different from listening
to the radio?
Take brief feedback.
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4 Ask students whether they ever read reviews. If they EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section B p26
do, find out if they are reviews of films, video games, things
to buy, holidays or books. Find out how useful they find The exercise on page 26 in Section B of the Exam boost
reviews for these things. Then ask them to read the book provides more practice of engaging the reader. This could
review and use the questions to discuss how effective it is. be done in class or for homework.
Take class feedback and encourage students to justify their
answers. Answers
1 B (immediately draws the reader in)
Answers 2 A (directs a question to the reader)
1 Paragraph 1: introduces the main characteristics of the 3 B (more informal, less complex, easier to follow, slight
book humour)
Paragraph 2: briefly covers the main character and plot 4 A (leaves something for the reader to consider)
points
Paragraph 3: discusses why the writer enjoyed the book 6 Put students into pairs. Ask them to think of a book, and
Paragraph 4: a recommendation then discuss the ideas in the box in relation to that book.
2 It focuses on the spy instead of moving at a ‘breakneck
pace from one chase to another’. Answers
3 The writer says ‘The book … has been described as one Students’ own answers
of the best English novels of the 20th century, and I can
absolutely see why …’
7 Keep students in the same pairs and ask them to
4 Possible answer: Yes, because the writer lists many
complete the sentences referring to the book they chose in
positive aspects of the book, and says it is ‘worth the time
Ex 6. Take feedback from each pair.
and effort’.
Answers
Students’ own answers
Fast finishers
Ask fast finishers to identify and look up any unknown 8 Ask students what they can remember about the
words. important things to include in a review. Refer them back to
Unit 2 page 22 if they need help.
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11 Tell students that you are always influenced by a proper PRACTICE TASKS p80
review written by a critic. Put them into pairs and ask them
to discuss which of the options in the question would Answers
influence them to buy or read a book. Encourage them to 1 1 viewpoint 2 robotic 3 infiltration
justify their answers and take class feedback. 4 sophistication 5 detectable 6 underlying
7 infinitely 8 shortcomings
Answers 2 1 to feel the effect(s)
Students’ own answers 2 time you arrive we shall/will have
3 sooner had Alice finished dinner than
4 confirmed that he/she would be performing
Cooler 5 knowing how (well) he did / knowing whether he did
Put students into pairs, and ask them to think about well
why fictional novels about espionage are so popular 6 despite/in spite of its increase in / increasing its
and often make good films. Take class feedback.
Extra practice
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OPENER p81
DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may take longer to complete Ex 4.
Warmer
Books closed. Write the word EIGHT on the board.
UNIT OVERVIEW Put students into pairs and tell them to imagine that
every week had an eighth day. Ask them to discuss
Opener whether they would like this and what they would do
• Language focus: Collocations with the extra day and why. Take feedback and get the
class to vote on the most interesting ideas.
• Topic: Umbrellas
Give students time to discuss in pairs what topics
Reading and Use of English — Reading related to the word EIGHT might come up in the unit.
• Part 8 Multiple matching Discuss their ideas as a class, and ask them to keep a
record of their predictions to check at the end of the
• Topic: Phobias
unit.
Reading and Use of English — Vocabulary
• Part 3 Word formation VOCABULARY: Collocations
• Language focus: Compounding
• Topic: Infinity 1 Ask students if they can think of any films or TV shows
featuring umbrellas (possible answers: Mary Poppins, The
Listening Umbrella Academy). Put students into pairs to discuss the
• Part 4 Multiple matching questions and take feedback. Find out what films, songs or
• Topic: Sleep paintings were identified and how umbrellas were used in
them. Elicit whether any of them is a class favourite.
Reading and Use of English — Grammar
• Part 4 Key word transformations Answers
• Language focus: Clause patterns Students’ own answers
• Topic: Clouds
2 8.1 Ask students to read the questions, then
Speaking play the recording. Put them into pairs to discuss what
• Part 2 Individual long turn they heard with a partner and answer the questions. Take
• Topic: Music feedback from the class and find out if they found any of the
information surprising.
Writing
• Part 2 Formal email or letter Answers
• Topic: Coming of age 1 They are small yet big; they have versatile designs; they
are still similar to the original design.
2 Umbrellas developed from parasols, which were used
Extra resources
around 4,000 years ago as protection from the sun.
(See Lesson overviews for details) These were later made waterproof and adopted first by
• C1 Advanced Exam Trainer women, and eventually by men.
• Pearson Practice English App: Unit 8 activities 3 similar design today to original; many interesting types;
handles could carry other small objects; over 100,000
Digital resources brollies found on London Underground annually; most
• Presentation tool Unit 8 produced in China — in one city in China there are more
• Unit 8 Language test than 1,000 umbrella factories.
• Unit 8 Language test for dyslexic students
• Unit 8 Photocopiable activities
• Unit 8 Grammar presentation
• Video: C1 Advanced About the exam
• Video: C1 Advanced Speaking Test
• Cambridge C1 Advanced practice exam papers
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Answers
1 the term ‘brolliologist’ Cooler
2 umbrella design Put students into small groups to tell each other about
3 modern and original umbrellas a time when they didn’t have the right clothes or
4 when the first parasols were used equipment for the weather. Take brief feedback from
5 people who used umbrellas — women each group and find out the most amusing story.
6 using a brolly rather than getting drenched
7 buying umbrellas at auctions
8 to find some old umbrellas
Answers
1 universally known 2 notoriously difficult
3 fiercely competitive 4 infinitely preferable
5 widely believed 6 endlessly versatile
Fast finishers
Ask fast finishers to write new questions using the two
collocations from Ex 3 that were not used in Ex 4. They
could ask the rest of the class these questions when
the activity has been finished.
Flexible follow-up
Ask students to close their books. Call out the second
part of a collocation from Ex 3 and see if students can
remember the first part. You could also do this as a
competitive game between teams.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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READING AND USE OF ENGLISH — 1 Put students into pairs to discuss the questions, which
Part 8 Multiple matching pp82—83 introduce the topic of the reading text, and then take
feedback as a class. Identify any unusual phobias students
know about and write some ideas on the board. Write any
LESSON OVERVIEW
causes students suggest for question 3 on the board too, as
• Topic: Phobias this will help them with the listening exercise to follow.
Warmer Answers
Write the words stage fright on the board. Elicit what 1 A (‘… people out there … might go slightly pink if it’s
it means and what students think could cause it (an mentioned, but me — I go brick red …’ While B makes
actor being too frightened to go on stage, or panicking a comparison with his mother ‘I’m like my mother in
while on stage and freezing; this could be caused by this’ and another comparison with the past ‘Unlike
shyness/overthinking/a bad experience on stage, etc.). before …’, neither of these comparisons are to do with
Put students into pairs to discuss what they think stage embarrassment.)
fright might feel like, and whether they have ever 2 B (‘After some hesitation about getting some help … I’d
experienced it or know anybody who has. Take brief honestly recommend it.’ A mentions that she has had
feedback. ‘suggestions to get therapy’, but she hasn’t done so yet.)
3 B (He says ‘… I guess these things can run in families’,
although he is unsure about whether this is the cause in
his case. A says that while most people can ‘trace their
phobias back to an event or something’, this is not the
case for her.)
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DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Dyslexic students may struggle with the concept of
compound words. Allow them extra time to complete
Ex 4, while the other students complete the fast
finishers task.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p7) to check their
preparedness for this exam part.
Warmer
Write Space: the final frontier on the board and ask the
class if they know where this expression comes from
(it features in the title sequence of the Star Trek series).
Put students into pairs to briefly discuss what the
expression means (it refers to exploration and the last
place that remains to be explored). Find out if students
enjoy TV shows, films or books about science and
science fiction.
VOCABULARY: Compounding
Answers
Students’ own answers
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Digital resources
Cooler • Presentation tool p85
Put students into pairs to discuss any other advice they • Video: About C1 Advanced: Listening Part 4
could give to people who are trying to think positively.
Take class feedback and vote on the best idea.
BEFORE YOU START
Read through the Exam reference on page 35 of the Exam
Extra practice file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
about the specific exam part as well as which particular
strategies and skills are important.
EXAM TRAINER p19
For further practice of the skills presented in
this lesson for Reading and Use of English DYSLEXIA FOCUS
Part 3 and additional skills and strategies Dyslexic students may struggle with processing the
to improve performance in the exam, we amount of information required to complete the exam
recommend students complete Strategies task (Ex 4). Suggest that they read the options before
and skills Exs 13—15 on page 19 of the C1 the lesson to reduce the reading load during the
Advanced Exam Trainer. Once completed, listening task.
they can attempt the Exam task on page 19. Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
checklist in the Exam file (p35) to check their
There is a full practice exam included on pages preparedness for this exam part.
106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
also two full practice exams included in the Digital
resources. For further practice, you can use Reading
and Use of English Part 3. Warmer
Do a quick class survey to find out what time students
went to sleep the night before and what time they
got up in the morning. Ask them to work out the class
average for hours of sleep, then ask if they think this is
too much, or too little.
Answers
Students’ own answers
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2 8.5 Put students into pairs and ask them to write EXAM TASK
down two reasons why sleep is important. Explain that
they are going to listen to a talk about the importance of 4 8.7 Focus students on the instructions and check
sleep, and they should note down the theories they hear with them what the speakers are going to talk about. Then
the speaker mention. Play the recording, then ask students ask them to read the instructions for task one, and all the
to compare the notes they have just made with their initial options. Check that they understand what they are listening
ideas. Don’t take class feedback at this stage. for, and how the options relate to this. Do the same with task
two. Point out that the two tasks focus on different aspects of
Answers the same topic, and that in this case task two is focused on a
Four theories are mentioned: inactivity/evolutionary theory, single benefit rather than gist.
energy-conservation theory, restorative theory, brain Play the recording straight through (the task is repeated as
plasticity theory
in the real exam). Put students into pairs to compare their
answers, then take class feedback. Discuss any incorrect
EXAM FOCUS answers, and see if other students can explain why they
are wrong. Refer students to the audioscript on page 158 if
3 8.6 Explain to students that they are going to do necessary.
a Listening Part 4 task. Remind them that they will need to
identify the gist of what speakers say. Answers
Ask students what they think the differences are between 1 F (‘… it’s difficult to grasp the idea that others suffer
listening to a recording to identify details or specific from things like insomnia. I simply can’t imagine being
information versus listening for gist. Take brief feedback, anxious about going to bed in case it strikes.’)
then go through the Exam focus with the whole class. 2 G (‘Anyway, if I suffer from block, I turn to my notes and
Emphasise that when they are listening for gist it’s important they often spark an idea which gets me going again.’)
not to choose answers until they’ve heard everything that 3 E (‘Apparently, I quote lines from films when I’m asleep.
the speaker says. I’ve woken up hearing myself saying stuff! I’m not a film
buff, so who knows what’s going through my mind at
Put students into pairs and play the recording. Students can
the time — I’ve never got to the bottom of the whole
look back at their notes on the theories they noted down
thing.’)
in Ex 2 to help them write their summary sentences. When
4 A (‘It doesn’t bother me cos I don’t remember it the
they have finished, ask a few students to read out their
next day, though I know my sister’s often on high alert
sentences.
because of it, waiting for sounds from the kitchen. I’ve
tried to cook while I’m asleep and she’s concerned
Suggested answers
about me injuring myself, …’)
The inactivity/evolutionary theory says that staying quiet and 5 B (‘For years I was blissfully unaware of my snoring. As I
still during darkness helped species survive/evolve.
got older, my big snorts started waking me up! And on
The energy-conservation theory says animals that rest are
occasion I noticed I had a sore throat. I still get that after
more efficient in terms of energy, especially when they have
a particularly heavy snoring session!’)
to compete for resources.
6 D (‘I did start suffering from headaches at one point …
The restorative theory says that we need to sleep in order to
I now go to bed a bit later and wake a little earlier and
repair and rejuvenate our bodies.
The brain plasticity theory says that sleep enables our brains so far, so good. The headaches haven’t returned …’)
to develop. 7 H (‘Now that I’ve started writing stuff down when I wake
up, I know I’ll be able to fill the next chapter. I have to
get one a day done or I won’t meet my self-imposed
EXAM BOOST EXAM FILE Section B p34 weekly target …’)
8 F (‘I thought it might help to keep myself cooler — so
The exercises on page 34 in Section B of the Exam boost tried what’s known as the Egyptian method — sleeping
provide more practice of understanding gist. These could between slightly damp sheets. There must be
be done in class or for homework. something in it cos I’ve never been so alert on waking
and I just get on with the day ahead.’)
Answers 9 B (‘I’ve realised the constant pressure of my workload
2 a Students’ own answers might’ve been having an effect on my sleep too,
2 b b though. I’ve been sticking to my new routine and I
3 a Students’ own answers seem to be managing things better at work for the time
3 b Speaker 1: 1 A 2 A being.’)
Speaker 2: 1 C 2 B 10 A (‘I took his advice about exercising more and sleeping
on my side. Reports from flatmates are that it works. I
still snore if I’m exhausted, much to their amusement,
though problems shouldn’t reoccur if I carry on as I
have been.’)
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Cooler
Put students into pairs and ask them to discuss whether DYSLEXIA FOCUS
they think getting enough sleep will become easier Allow dyslexic students an extra five minutes to
or more difficult in the future, and why. Take brief complete the exam task (Ex 5). Other students can
feedback as a class. complete the fast finishers task during this time.
Dyslexic students may benefit from the more explicit
presentation of the grammar in this lesson in the
PowerPoint presentation that can be found in the
Extra practice Digital resources.
Dyslexic students may also benefit from the structured
EXAM TRAINER pp85—87
checklist in the Exam file (p9) to check their
For further practice of the skills presented in preparedness for this exam part.
this lesson for Listening Part 4 and additional
skills and strategies to improve performance
in the exam, we recommend students
complete Strategies and skills Exs 5—11 on Warmer
pages 85—86 of the C1 Advanced Exam Write the following two sentences on the board:
Trainer. Once completed, they can attempt When it’s sunny, I feel happy and when it’s raining I
the Exam task on page 87. feel sad.
I never notice the weather — it doesn’t matter to me
There is a full practice exam included on pages at all.
106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
also two full practice exams included in the Digital Put students into pairs to discuss these two points of
resources. For further practice, you can use Listening view. Then take a quick class vote on which attitude
Part 4. most students agree with.
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Answers
be out of touch with the everyday world EXAM TASK
there’s usually something positive in every situation
not be trusted or popular 5 Note that in the actual exam task, there would not be so
many questions testing clause patterns. In this case, this task
focuses on the grammar from the lesson.
2 8.8 Ask students whether they’ve ever heard of
the oktas chart. Tell students they’re going to listen to an Explain to students that they are going to do a Reading
explanation of what it is, and how it relates to clouds and and Use of English Part 4 task. Remind students that they
weather. Play the recording for students to answer the must not change the given word in any way. If necessary, go
question. Check the answer as a class. through the example with students and refer them to the
tips on page 9 of the Exam file.
Answers Ask students to complete the exam task. If students do this
A chart which measures cloud cover, with eight oktas being task under timed conditions, allow them ten minutes. When
complete cloud cover, and zero oktas being a completely they’ve finished, they should exchange their answers with a
clear sky. partner and check them for grammatical accuracy, spelling
and so on. Check the answers with the class and discuss any
3 8.9 Put students into pairs to complete the queries.
sentences. Play the recording, then ask students to check
their answers with a partner. Go through the answers with Answers
the class and discuss any questions students may have. 1 compared to the thickness of
2 had I known how / if I had known how
Answers 3 and you’ll / you will probably
1 If studied 2 the best they can 3 Based on 4 receiving/getting/having enough rain has led
4 Should there be 5 Not having 5 trying/doing their best to find
6 appear/be rainbow coloured / appear to be rainbow
coloured if/when seen
Flexible follow-up
In their pairs, ask students to discuss whether they used
to believe anything amusing when they were children. Fast finishers
Ask fast finishers to exchange their answers with a
partner for checking, and identify any sentences they
4 Ask students what they think the title of the text means thought were difficult. They can raise these with the
and what the text will be about. Ask them to skim it quickly class in the follow-up discussion to the task.
to check their ideas. Then ask them to complete the text
using the words from Ex 3. Check answers as a class.
Speaking or writing
Answers
6 Put students into pairs to discuss the questions and then
1 Based on 2 Should you 3 and take class feedback. Discuss any different ideas, and ask if
4 doing 5 needed students know of any other ways of predicting the weather.
These can be as strange as they like, including old wives’
tales (e.g. aching legs mean a storm is coming; cows sitting
down means it’s going to rain; red sky at night means good
weather the next day, etc.). The class could vote on what they
consider the least effective way of predicting the weather.
Possible answers
flat white cloud in complete cover can indicate snow; white
fluffy clouds indicate fine weather; high wispy clouds mean
a storm is approaching, etc.
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7 Put students into pairs to discuss the questions. Take SPEAKING — Part 2 Individual long
brief feedback before setting the writing task. Students
turn p87
should only write a short paragraph, which they can present
to the class. Encourage students to be imaginative.
LESSON OVERVIEW
Answers • Topic: Music
Students’ own answers
EXAM FILE p39
Digital resources
• Presentation tool p87
Extra practice
• Video: About C1 Advanced: Speaking Part 2
EXAM TRAINER pp22—23 • Video: C1 Advanced Speaking Tests 1 and 2, Part 2
For further practice of the skills presented in
this lesson for Reading and Use of English BEFORE YOU START
Part 4 and additional skills and strategies
to improve performance in the exam, we Read through the Exam reference on page 39 of the Exam
recommend students complete Strategies file before starting the lesson. This will give you information
and skills Exs 7—9 on pages 22—23 of the C1 about the specific exam part as well as which strategies and
Advanced Exam Trainer. Once completed, skills are important.
they can attempt the Exam task on page 23.
Warmer
Put students into small groups. Ask them to discuss the
following questions:
• Who was your favourite singer/band when you were
12 years old, and why?
• Who is your favourite singer/band now, and why?
Take class feedback and find out whether the class
have any similar reasons. Conduct a vote on the most
interesting reason for a singer’s popularity.
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Answers
Students’ own answers
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Student A
EXAM TASK
For me, I would think that the sound quality is best at
the concert. Technicians take a long time to set up good
For guidance on marking Speaking Part 2, please refer to
acoustic systems so that the audience has a great musical
the Speaking success criteria on pp163—164.
experience. Unless you have an extremely modern and
7 Go through the instructions and refer students to expensive radio system in a car, the sound isn’t going to be
the correct pages for their pictures. Then ask them to do anything like as good as at a live gig.
the exam task. If students do this under timed conditions,
allow them one minute for the first part and 30 seconds
for the follow-up question. Circulate and monitor, and give Alternative
feedback to the class afterwards. After discussing the first question with the class, put
the students into groups of three. Assign the students
Example answers in each group roles A, B and C. Student A reads the
Student A (page 96) instruction for the task and listens while Student B
I’ll discuss pictures 1 and 3, the children playing instruments completes it. Student A then reads the follow-up
in class and the people playing drums, or something similar. question for Student C to answer. Student A then
I’d like to start by pointing out that although all the people gives feedback to Students B and C on how well their
are playing instruments both the types of instruments and answers were structured. They then swap roles and
the situations are very different. The children in class are repeat the task.
playing quite simple instruments that they probably learn
at school, whereas the performers’ instruments are no
doubt really tricky to play. And the reasons for playing these Speaking or writing
instruments are very different too. Although both pictures 8 Put students into pairs to discuss the questions. Point
show people performing in some way, the children are out that they are similar to those in Speaking Part 4 as
probably performing for the rest of their class, whereas the
they all ask for opinions. Without interrupting, monitor the
drummers could be performing for very large numbers of
students as they do the task. Make notes of any errors or
people. The children are showing how good they are at
interesting ideas, and address these during class feedback.
using their instruments — very likely in a music class, but the
drummers have an important role in some important event.
Answers
Moving on to the difficulty of the experiences, I would say
that all the players will be under pressure of some type — the Students’ own answers
children may be embarrassed because their classmates are
watching them, and they’re nervous about playing a wrong
note. The drummers are all in a large group, so they have to Cooler
keep in time with each other, and they might be concerned Put students into pairs. Ask them to tell their partner
about getting things right. about a musical instrument they would like to be able
Student B to play, and why. Find out if they would rather be really
The drummers mainly look confident and happy. I would good at playing a musical instrument or singing, and
think that it’s an amazing experience for them and I can why.
imagine the incredible sound of all those drums. So, I’d say
the drummers are probably enjoying the experience more
than the others.
Extra practice
Student B (page 97)
To begin with, as you say, both pictures show people EXAM TRAINER pp94—97
listening to music, and I imagine they’re all having a good
For further practice of the skills presented in
time, but whereas the middle photograph was taken at a
this lesson for Speaking Part 2 and additional
live concert, the one on the right was taken in a car, and the
strategies and skills to improve performance
type of music and experiences are quite different. First of
in the exam, we recommend students
all, the music at the concert will be loud and the band might
complete Strategies and skills Exs 7—9 on
well improvise depending on how they’re feeling and the
pages 94—95 of the C1 Advanced Exam
audience reaction. The girls in the car, however, are listening
Trainer. Once completed, they can attempt
to music which is on the radio or a CD or downloaded, and
the Exam task on pages 96—97.
is therefore recorded, probably in a studio. The girls and
the audience could well be listening to the same songs, but
There is a full practice exam included on pages
different versions. On the other hand, while we can see that
106—129 of the C1 Advanced Exam Trainer. There are
there is a band onstage at the concert, so they are probably
also two full practice exams included in the Digital
playing rock music, we can’t tell what genre of music the girls
resources. For further practice, you can use Speaking
might be listening to. As for how memorable the moments
Part 2.
might be, I guess the girls possibly enjoy music in the car
regularly, whereas concerts tend to be pricey and people
don’t go that often. In which case they are more likely to
remember the experiences they have when they do go.
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WRITING — Part 2 Formal email or 1 Put students into pairs to do the quiz and compare their
letter pp88—89 answers. Find out how many they got right.
Answers
LESSON OVERVIEW
1 Greece 2 New Zealand 3 16
• Topic: Coming of age 4 1991 5 18 6 1918
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EXAM FOCUS 7 Put students into pairs to discuss the questions. Take
feedback as a class. Take a vote on the age restriction that
5 Explain to students that they are going to do a Writing should be changed as soon as possible, and what the
Part 2 Formal email or letter task. Go through the Exam change should be.
focus with the class. You could ask students to make more
suggestions for formal phrases under the three headings. Answers
You could also go back to the example letter they read in Students’ own answers
Ex 4 and ask them to identify any examples of useful
language. 8 Put students into pairs to discuss ideas for their
letter. After five minutes, take general feedback. Remind
Answers students of the importance of grouping their ideas in clear
Paragraph breaks — break the first paragraph at ‘I started paragraphs to make their letter clear and coherent.
driving’; break the second paragraph at ‘If road safety
concerns’ Answers
Cut clause to reduce sentence length — remove ‘and’ before Students’ own answers
‘I also find’
Formality — change abbreviations ‘I’d’ to ‘I would’, ‘doesn’t’
to ‘does not’, ‘I’ve got to say’ to ‘I have to say’ EXAM TASK
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Extra practice
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SPEAKING SUCCESS CRITERIA
The following information aims to help teachers and students gain a better understanding of what Cambridge Advanced
candidates need to do in order to achieve a pass in the exam (Solid), or higher grades (Good and Acing it!) in the Speaking
paper. The categories are based on the marking criteria for the Cambridge Advanced exam. These tables can be used by
teachers when assessing speaking, or by students when peer- or self-assessing their performance in speaking tasks. They can
also use them to set goals to help them advance their speaking skills.
ACING IT!
GOOD
SOLID
GRAMMATICAL RESOURCE
Range Uses simple and some complex + Uses a good range. + Uses a wide range.
structures (e.g. relative/noun
clauses (e.g. It looks as if he’s
someone who enjoys what he
does for a living), contrast of
tenses (They might have just
received some good news, or
perhaps they’re looking forward
to something about to happen),
passive forms (e.g. The children
are being taught about cooking.)).
Accuracy Uses grammar to convey meaning + Only minor errors or slips. + Only very minor errors or slips.
with a good level of accuracy.
LEXICAL RESOURCE
Function Speculates, compares, contrasts + Uses a range of phrases + Uses a wide range of phrases
and gives opinions about the appropriately and accurately appropriately and accurately (e.g.
photos. (e.g. It looks as if … ; Both photos It looks as if … ; Both photos show
show … ; While the person in this … ; While the person in this photo
photo … , the person in the … , the person in the other … ;
other … ; What strikes me about What strikes me about this photo
this photo is that …). is that …).
Range and Uses a range of vocabulary + Uses a good range + Uses a wide range
accuracy appropriately to talk about familiar appropriately. appropriately.
and unfamiliar topics related to
the photos e.g. words, collocations
(e.g. laughing hysterically; a sense
of community), fixed expressions
(e.g. having a go at something;
bear in mind that).
DISCOURSE MANAGEMENT
Fluency Can talk about the photo for an + Often speaks with ease. + Consistently speaks with ease.
extended stretch with very little
hesitation.
Relevance and The content is relevant to the + Content is coherent or varied. + Content is coherent and varied.
organisation photos and ideas are organised.
Cohesion Uses a range of cohesive devices + Uses a good range. + Uses a wide range.
to connect ideas about the photos
(e.g. Having said that, on top of
that, as a result), discourse markers
(e.g. you know, you see, I mean,
anyway), related vocabulary
(e.g. I was cycling home when I got
a puncture and had to use a pump)
and referencing/substitution (e.g.
it, this, one).
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Speaking success criteria
PRONUNCIATION
Clarity of Sounds are pronounced clearly; + Pronunciation is used to help + Pronunciation is used to help
pronunciation stress is placed correctly in words convey meaning. convey and make meaning
and sentences; intonation is clearer.
appropriate. Overall, the speaker
is intelligible to the listener.
INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION
Response Listens and responds to the + Refers to something their + The response is fully related to
examiner’s question about their partner said, e.g. As Ana said … their partner’s description, e.g.
partner’s two photos. Ana said … and that’s why I’d
choose … because I agree with
her that …
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Part 4 Discussion
+ = Solid plus whatever is in the Good or Acing It! box.
ACING IT!
GOOD
SOLID
GRAMMATICAL RESOURCE
Range Uses both simple and complex + Uses a good range. + Uses a wide range.
structures, e.g. relative/noun clauses
(e.g. Whatever we do on social media,
it’s in the public domain), contrast of
tenses (Before messaging apps had
been created, everyone used email),
passive forms (e.g. The internet was
invented as a communication tool).
Accuracy Uses grammar to convey meaning + Only minor errors or slips. + Only very minor errors or slips.
with a good level of accuracy.
LEXICAL RESOURCE
Function Gives and justifies opinions + Uses a range of phrases + Uses a wide range of phrases
in response to the questions; appropriately and accurately appropriately and accurately
speculates, agrees and disagrees. (e.g. As far as I’m concerned; (e.g. As far as I’m concerned;
It could be that …). It could be that …).
Range Uses a range of vocabulary + Uses a good range. + Uses a wide range.
appropriately to talk about the
prompts, e.g. words, collocations
(e.g. be of central importance; come
to an agreement), fixed expressions
(e.g. come to mind; so to speak).
DISCOURSE MANAGEMENT
Fluency Talks for an extended stretch + Often speaks with ease. + Consistently speaks with ease.
with very little hesitation; ideas
and opinions are developed and
organised.
Relevance and Content is relevant to the discussion. + Content is coherent or varied. + Content is coherent and
organisation varied.
Cohesion Uses cohesive devices to connect + Uses a good range. + Uses a wide range.
ideas (e.g. Having said that, on top
of that), discourse markers (e.g. you
know, you see, I mean), related
vocabulary (e.g. Social media helps
people create a network of contacts
online) and referencing/substitution
(e.g. it, this, one).
PRONUNCIATION
Clarity of Sounds are pronounced clearly; + Pronunciation is used to help + Pronunciation is used to help
pronunciation stress is placed correctly in words convey meaning. convey meaning and make
and sentences; intonation is meaning clearer.
appropriate. Overall, the speaker is
intelligible to the listener.
INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION
Initiation and Starts discussion and responds to + Usually interacts with ease. + Consistently interacts with
response partner’s contributions appropriately ease.
which sustains interaction, e.g. by
agreeing or disagreeing, adding a
further point or asking a follow-up
question.
Negotiation Discusses the question and + Widens and develops the + Widens and develops the
negotiates towards an outcome, e.g. interaction. interaction fully.
agreement or disagreement.
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WRITING SUCCESS CRITERIA
The following information aims to help teachers and students gain a better understanding of what Cambridge Advanced
candidates need to do in order to achieve a pass in the Writing paper (Solid), or higher grades (Good and Acing it!). The
categories are based on the marking criteria for the Cambridge Advanced exam. This information can be used by teachers when
marking written work, or by students when peer- or self-assessing written work. They can also use it to set goals to help them
advance their written skills.
Part 1 Essay
The examples given in this table come from the example Solid, Good and Acing it! essays that follow.
+ = Solid plus whatever is in the Good or Acing it! box.
ACING IT!
GOOD
SOLID
CONTENT
Task fulfilment Discusses two of the points, + Develops the ideas in sound + Develops the ideas in good
explains which point is more depth. depth. The reader is fully
important and why. The reader is informed.
generally informed.
Relevance The content is relevant to the + Few irrelevances or omissions. + No irrelevances or omissions.
question.
COMMUNICATIVE ACHIEVEMENT
Introduction Starts with an introduction + States what the essay will + Gives some background
which introduces the topic (e.g. discuss (e.g. A change in food information to the topic and states
Leading a healthy lifestyle can be labelling and healthy eating what the essay will discuss (e.g.
challenging.). lessons in schools will persuade Living a healthy lifestyle when fast
people to eat more healthily.). food is everywhere is a challenge.;
It would be possible to persuade
people to eat more healthily by …).
Conclusion Ends with a conclusion which + Summarises both stated options + Leaves the reader with a final,
states the most important option and reasons why (e.g. To sum lasting impression (e.g. Should
and the main reason why (e.g. I up, …). this be achieved, the cycle of
believe the lessons will be more unhealthy eating within families
effective …). described above would be
broken; a vital goal.).
Tone Uses formal or neutral language to + Tone is mostly consistent + Tone is consistent throughout
present opinions and reasons e.g. throughout the essay. the essay.
by avoiding the use of we/I through
use of the passive (e.g. a new
system is needed), not using
contractions (e.g. it is not easy),
using noun phrases (e.g. A new
system of food labelling could help).
Conveying ideas Conveys straightforward ideas + Conveys some complex ideas + Consistently conveys complex
clearly; holds the reader’s clearly. ideas; easily holds the reader’s
attention. attention.
ORGANISATION
Paragraphing The text is organised well into + The text is almost a coherent + The text is a coherent whole,
paragraphs which are in turn whole, i.e. ideas flow logically i.e. ideas flow logically from
logically organised. from beginning to end. beginning to end.
Cohesion Sentences are linked through + The linking is usually + The linking is almost always
the use of linkers (e.g. However), appropriate and accurate. appropriate and accurate.
organisational patterns (e.g. It is for
this reason that), referencing and
substitution (e.g. All of these things;
that system; more likely to do it).
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Writing success criteria
LANGUAGE
Vocabulary Uses common and less common + Uses it accurately. + Uses it effectively and
vocabulary appropriately (e.g. accurately.
lead a longer life; healthy lifestyle;
food product; food ingredients;
healthier options; healthy diet;
change the habits).
Grammar Uses a range of grammar mostly + Uses a range of complex + Uses a wide range of grammar
accurately (e.g. It is for this reason grammar mostly accurately and fully accurately and flexibly (e.g.
that a new system is needed; so flexibly (e.g. may claim to be; which claim to be; Should this
they understand it better; about which can then help; it is far easier be achieved); errors are related
what a healthy diet is). to influence); errors don’t affect to less common language or are
understanding. only minor slips.
Essay task
Your class has listened to a debate about ways that encourage people to eat more healthily.
You have made the notes below:
• advertising rules
• food packaging
• education in schools
Some opinions expressed in the discussion:
‘It’s not always easy to understand food labels.’
‘It’s hard to know what’s in food these days.’
‘People could learn how to cook at school.’
Write an essay for your teacher discussing two of the ways to encourage people to eat more healthily in your notes. You
should explain which way would be more effective, giving reasons in support of your answers.
Examiner comments
Content Discusses two points and says why one would be more effective but the food labelling idea isn’t developed
fully (what kind of system?) and there’s some repetition (make better choices when shopping/choose better).
Some of the information in the introduction is irrelevant as it does not specifically talk about diet (People sit at
a desk all day/move around less).
Communicative There’s an introduction, a main body and a conclusion. The introduction introduces the topic but doesn’t state
achievement what the essay will say. The conclusion states the most important option and a reason why. The tone is usually
formal but it is not always consistent (as regards the use of contractions, choice of words, objectivity (e.g. a bit
of, aren’t, It’s).
Organisation The essay is divided into paragraphs but the information within the paragraphs could be organised better.
Ideas are generally linked within paragraphs (e.g. In addition, It is for this reason that, it has high amounts of
sugar in it) but paragraphs themselves aren’t linked (e.g. paragraphs 2 and 3) and the conclusion could be
introduced more clearly (e.g. To conclude).
Language A range of simple structures and some complex structures (e.g. what a healthy diet is); some collocations
(e.g. healthy diet, leading a healthy lifestyle, food labelling, low fat, make better choices); errors don’t affect
communication (e.g. All of this such things, aware on it).
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Writing success criteria
Example answer — Acing it!
Healthy eating is desirable as it leads to a longer life. However, in today’s society, living a healthy lifestyle is a challenge
as people are attracted by less healthy fast food. It would be possible to persuade people to eat more healthily if food
labelling laws were changed, and healthy eating lessons were introduced into schools.
A new system of food labelling could ensure consumers makes more informed choices when food shopping. Food
products which claim to be low fat, for example, often contain large amount of sugar but a traffic light system on
packaging allows consumers to see when a product is healthy (green label) and unhealthy (red label). Such packaging
could influence consumers’ purchasing habits, and subsequently their eating habits.
In addition to this, schools could deliver healthy eating lessons for primary age children in order to educate them about
healthy diets. Currently, some parents are uneducated about this themselves and pass this poor education onto their
children. Healthy eating lessons would enable children to grow up with greater awareness of eating healthily.
To conclude, initiatives such as a new food labelling system and heathy eating lessons in schools are likely to result on
better educated people who make better choices about the food they eat. It is the opinion of this writer that education in
schools would have a greater impact as it is easier to influence the habits of children than the habits of adults. Should this
be achieved, the cycle of unhealthy eating described above would be broken; a vital goal.
Examiner comments
Content Discusses two points and says why one would be more effective. These ideas are developed well. All the
information is relevant to the task.
Communicative There’s an introduction, a main body and a conclusion. The introduction introduces the topic, gives
achievement background knowledge about the topic and states what the essay will say. The conclusion restates the two
ideas, says why they could be effective, says which idea will be most effective and why, and leaves the reader
with a lasting impression (breaking the cycle). The tone is formal throughout (as regards the use of objective
language (e.g. It is the opinion of this writer that), no contractions, passive forms (e.g. Should this be achieved)
and selection of vocabulary (e.g. desirable, enable).
Organisation The essay is divided into paragraphs and each paragraph has a topic statement and then supporting points.
Ideas are linked within paragraphs and also between paragraphs (e.g. subsequently, Such packaging).
Language A wide range of simple structures and complex structures (e.g. It would be possible to, which claim to be,
Should this be achieved); a range of collocations (e.g. purchasing habits, poor education, greater impact). The
errors are very minor and don’t affect communication (e.g. large amount of sugar, consumers makes, result on).
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Writing success criteria
ACING IT!
GOOD
SOLID
CONTENT
Task fulfilment Responds accordingly to the + Develops the ideas in sound + Develops the ideas in good
information in the email prompt depth (e.g. Congratulations on depth (e.g. Congratulations on
and covers all the points (e.g. getting into university. It’s great getting into university. It’s great
Congratulations on getting into news! You’ll learn loads and make news! You’ll learn loads and make
university. It’s great news!). new friends too.). new friends too. It might be hard
to move away but I’m sure you
won’t regret going.).
Relevance The content is relevant to the + Few irrelevances or omissions. + No irrelevances or omissions.
question and clear to the reader.
COMMUNICATIVE ACHIEVEMENT
Opening and Opens and closes the letter As Solid. As Solid.
closing appropriately (e.g. Dear Mr Smith;
Hi Kerry; Yours sincerely; All the
best). The purpose for writing is
made clear (e.g. I am writing to
apply for …; I’ve got some exciting
news for you).
Tone Selects an appropriate tone, + The tone is mostly consistent + The tone is consistent
depending on the writer’s throughout the letter/email but throughout the letter/email.
relationship to the reader (e.g. I there may be some
wish to complain about a product inconsistencies.
sold at your store (formal); You’ll
never guess what happened to me
last week! (informal)).
Functions Uses phrases to convey functions + The phrases are mostly used + The phrases are always used
such as complaining, thanking, appropriately and accurately. appropriately and accurately.
suggesting where appropriate
(e.g. I am very concerned about …;
Many thanks for the gift you sent;
The best thing you can do is …).
Conveying ideas Conveys straightforward ideas + Conveys some complex ideas + Consistently conveys complex
clearly; holds the reader’s clearly. ideas; easily holds the reader’s
attention. attention.
ORGANISATION
Paragraphing The text is organised well, e.g. + The text is almost a coherent + The text is a coherent whole
into paragraphs which are in turn whole i.e. ideas flow logically from i.e. ideas flow logically from
logically organised. beginning to end. beginning to end.
Cohesion Sentences are linked through + The linking is mostly + The linking is always
the use of linkers (e.g. Anyway, appropriate and accurate. appropriate and accurate.
Mind you), organisational patterns
(e.g. One such advantage is …),
referencing and substitution (e.g.
it, this, one).
LANGUAGE
Vocabulary Uses common and less common + Uses it accurately. + Uses it effectively and
vocabulary appropriately. accurately.
Grammar Uses a range of grammar, mostly + Uses a range of complex + Uses a wide range of grammar
accurately. grammar, mostly accurately fully accurately and flexibly;
and flexibly; errors don’t affect errors are related to less common
understanding. language or are only minor slips.
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Writing success criteria
Email or letter task
Your town or region has applied to be included in an international database on language learning. You have been asked
by the president of the local council to write a letter to the person in charge of the database, explaining why your town or
region should be included. You should explain:
• what languages are spoken in your town or region and why they are important.
• what facilities there are for learning these languages.
• what opportunities there are for leisure and cultural activities to help students practise these languages.
Write your letter in 220—260 words in an appropriate style.
Examiner comments
Content All bullet points are addressed although there are minor omissions — namely, why Italian is important for the
town’s cultural heritage and how Italian is practised in the summer events. On the whole, however, the reader
is informed.
Communicative The letter is laid out appropriately and is generally formal throughout with no contractions and more formal
achievement language selected (e.g. I look forward to hearing from you, I very much hope). There are a few inconsistences
(e.g. keep going, it’s) but in general though, the letter holds the reader’s attention.
Organisation The letter is divided into paragraphs. It would be normal to separate the first sentence of the letter from the
rest of that paragraph. However, the information is generally organised clearly. It is also linked appropriately
but with minor errors (e.g. As a consequent and an unclear use of ‘it’— You can also see it on bilingual signs).
The lack of linking in the final sentence makes the ending less effective.
Language A range of simple structures and some complex structures are used. There are examples of less common
vocabulary (e.g. refer to). There is occasional poor word choice (e.g. an amount of) and some spelling errors
(i.e. officiel, billingual, wonderfull) but these don’t affect communication.
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Writing success criteria
Example answer — Acing it!
Dear Sir or Madam,
As requested, I am writing to you to provide further information about our town Azana and why it should be included in
your language learning database. French is the official language of our town and it is vital for everyday communication.
However, as we are significantly close to the Italian border, there are a large number of Italian speakers here too. For that
reason, Italian is important for both communication and our cultural heritage.
Both Italian and French are taught from a young age. This is to ensure everyone in the community can communicate and
we can also converse when we travel just a short time to Italy. By the time students enter their teenage years, they can
usually speak Italian to a good degree. Because of our heritage, Italian is actually used in official documents alongside
French, and many signs are in both languages too.
As well as learning Italian, there are annual cultural events that brings in both our French and Italian history. These include
a summer festival where our costumes marry French and Italian culture. We also play games from both cultures. In
addition to this festival, our town has a twin town in Italy which means that people from both communities meet regularly
and speak both languages.
Azana is a fantastic town where language helps us to maintain our history and communicate with each other successfully.
I believe its inclusion will benefit your database. I hope you agree and I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Maria Cours
Examiner comments
Content All bullet points are addressed, the content is fully relevant to the task and the reader is fully informed.
Communicative The letter is laid out appropriately with a formal tone which is appropriate throughout. The letter holds the
achievement reader’s attention with ease.
Organisation The letter is divided into paragraphs. There are a variety of cohesive devices including linkers and discourse
markers (e.g. As requested, For that reason) and the use of other organisational devices such as pronouns
(e.g. This is to ensure everyone …). These are all used well.
Language A range of simple structures and some complex structures are used (e.g. By the time students enter their
teenage years). There are examples of less common vocabulary (e.g. to a good degree, marry French and
Italian culture). There are very minor errors (i.e. significantly close, events that brings in) but these don’t affect
communication.
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Writing success criteria
Part 2 Proposal
+ = Solid plus whatever is in the Good or Acing it! box.
ACING IT!
GOOD
SOLID
CONTENT
Task fulfilment Makes one or more suggestions, + Develops the ideas in sound + Develops the ideas in good
depending on the task, and depth (e.g. An after-school depth (e.g. An after-school
supports them with persuasive volleyball club will encourage volleyball club will encourage
reasons and factual information more students to take up sport. more students to take up sport.
(e.g. An after-school volleyball This will provide them with This will provide them with
club will encourage more students opportunities to be fit and opportunities to be fit and healthy,
to take up sport.). healthy.). as well as develop vital life skills
such as teamwork and working
towards a goal.).
Relevance The content is relevant to the + Few irrelevances or omissions. + No irrelevances or omissions.
question and clear to the reader.
COMMUNICATIVE ACHIEVEMENT
Introduction Starts with an introduction to + Is mostly organised coherently + Is organised coherently so the
introduce the topic, state what so the reader understands it. reader fully understands it.
is being proposed and states
the proposal aim (e.g. There
is a significant lack of sports
facilities at our school. It has been
suggested that a volleyball club
will help to solve this issue. This
proposal will outline two key
reasons why such a club will be
beneficial to the school.).
Conclusion and Ends with a conclusion which + Is mostly organised coherently + Is organised coherently so the
recommendations restates what is being proposed so the reader understands it. reader fully understands it.
and why, and makes further
recommendations (e.g. It is highly
recommended that … ; As stated
earlier, …).
Tone Uses a formal, neutral tone (e.g. + The tone is mostly consistent + The tone is consistently formal
The purpose of this proposal is throughout the proposal but there throughout the proposal.
to …). may be some inconsistencies.
Recommending Uses phrases to politely + The phrases are mostly used + The phrases are always used
and suggesting recommend and suggest (e.g. It is appropriately and accurately. appropriately and accurately.
highly recommended that …).
Conveying ideas Conveys straightforward ideas + Conveys some complex ideas + Consistently conveys complex
clearly; holds the reader’s clearly. ideas; easily holds the reader’s
attention. attention.
ORGANISATION
Heading/ The proposal has a heading (e.g. + The sections and subheadings + The sections and subheadings
subheadings Proposal for the creation of a …). are mostly appropriate and are always appropriate, describe
The proposal is divided into describe what is in the section. what is in the section and are
sections, with each section sitting consistent across the proposal.
under a subheading (e.g. Benefits,
Costs, Things to consider.).
Paragraphing The text is organised well, e.g. into + The text is almost a coherent + The text is a coherent whole
sections/paragraphs which are in whole i.e. ideas flow logically from i.e. ideas flow logically from
turn logically organised. beginning to end. beginning to end.
Cohesion Sentences are linked through the + The linking is mostly + The linking is always
use of formal linkers (e.g. However, appropriate and accurate. appropriate and accurate.
Furthermore), organisational
patterns (e.g. The key reasons are
as follows. Firstly …), referencing
and substitution (e.g. it, this, one).
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Writing success criteria
LANGUAGE
Vocabulary Uses common and less common + Uses it accurately. + Uses it effectively and
vocabulary appropriately. accurately.
Grammar Uses a range of grammar mostly + Uses a range of complex + Uses a wide range of grammar
accurately. grammar mostly accurately fully accurately and flexibly;
and flexibly; errors don’t affect errors are related to less common
understanding. language or are only minor slips.
Proposal task
Your local council is looking for ways to increase the volume of visitors to the centre of your town or city so that more
people make greater use of shops, restaurants, cafés and entertainment facilities there. Submit a proposal for the local
council. Suggest how they can bring more people into the town or city, giving reasons and explaining how this will
benefit the area.
Write your proposal in 220—260 words.
Parking
One problem in our town is the parking. The only car park is always super busy which means the roads are full of drivers
looking for somewhere to park. If the town council built a car park on the edge of town, people would not need to drive
into the town centre. They would have a place to park and the roads in the town would be relatively quieter. Parking
spaces could go to local residents.
Shopping area
Because the main shopping street sees considerable traffic congestion, the experience for shoppers isn’t always very
positive. It can be hard to cross the road and the noise from the traffic can create a stressful environment. Visitors do not
always stay for long time. If we made this street for pedestrians and cyclists only, it would be a much quieter area.
Conclusion
It is recommended that the town council erect a multi-storey car park just outside the town and lower the number of cars
in the town centre to stop the centre from being so busy. This will persuade more visitors to come to the area which is
what the local council would like.
Examiner comments
Content All points are addressed, although the link between getting visitors to the area and them spending money is
mentioned only in the introduction and not developed elsewhere. The point about parking spaces for local
residents is irrelevant. The reader is generally informed, however.
Communicative The proposal is divided into sub-sections with appropriate subheadings which describe the content of those
achievement sections. The tone is generally formal but there is the occasion less formal choice (e.g. super busy). The
proposal holds the reader’s attention.
Organisation The proposal is divided logically into sections and the information in each section is generally organised
appropriately. The ideas are generally linked well with the use of reference pronouns in particular (e.g. This
will …).
Language A range of simple and complex structures are used. There are examples of less common vocabulary
(e.g. considerable traffic congestion, erect a multi-storey car park). There are some errors in grammar and
vocabulary (i.e. visitors means, relatively quieter, stay for long time) but these don’t affect communication.
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Writing success criteria
Example answer — Acing it!
Introduction
The aim of this proposal is to suggest ways that our town council can encourage more visitors to our town. It will suggest
an increase in parking facilities and a greater area for pedestrians in the town centre.
Parking
One reason why people in the region avoid entering our town is the lack of parking facilities. Currently, there is only one
car park which is almost always full. As well as that, the traffic becomes extremely congested in the town centre when
vehicles travel through the town to reach the car park. It is therefore suggested that an additional, significantly larger car
park is built on the outskirts of the town and a bus service is provided to bring drivers into the centre. This will make the
town more accessible and attractive for visitors.
Pedestrianisation
Currently, only one street is pedestrianised and this is not our main shopping area. Shoppers have to deal with the noise
and pollution that traffic brings. It is recommended that the council invest in making the main street pedestrianised so
that only shoppers and cyclists are permitted to use it. It will significantly reduce noise pollution and make the experience
of shopping more enjoyable. Visitors will then remain in town for longer, using more facilities.
Conclusion
In conclusion, in order to attract more people to our beautiful town, we suggest making the experience more appealing
by creating a large car park and making more of the town pedestrianised. Visitors will then have the opportunity to enjoy
our facilities in peace and quiet.
Examiner comments
Content All points are addressed, the content is fully relevant to the task and the reader is fully informed.
Communicative The proposal is divided into sub-sections with appropriate headings which are consistent (i.e. one-word
achievement subheadings). The tone is formal throughout, and both simple and complex ideas are conveyed effectively
while holding the reader’s interest.
Organisation The proposal is divided logically into sections and the information in each section is organised appropriately.
The ideas are generally linked well using a range of devices — linkers (e.g. so), discourse markers (e.g.
Currently), other organisational patterns (e.g. This will make …).
Language A range of simple structures and complex structures are used. There are examples of less common vocabulary
(e.g. pedestrianised, in peace and quiet). There is the occasional high-level structure or punctuation which
could be more accurate (i.e. one car park which is almost always full, It is therefore suggested that an … is built)
but these are minor and don’t affect communication.
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Writing success criteria
Part 2 Report
+ = Solid plus whatever is in the Good or Acing it! box.
ACING IT!
GOOD
SOLID
CONTENT
Task fulfilment Includes all information required + Develops the ideas in sound + Develops the ideas in good
in the task, e.g. ‘Say what aims the depth. depth.
club has met, how it met them
and what you recommend for the
future’.
Relevance The content is relevant to the + Few irrelevances or omissions. + No irrelevances or omissions.
question and clear to the reader.
COMMUNICATIVE ACHIEVEMENT
Introduction Starts with an introduction which + Is mostly organised coherently + Is organised coherently so the
states the aim of the report and so the reader understands it. reader fully understands it.
how data was collected (e.g. The
aim of this report is to present an
analysis of the performance of our
club over the last year. In order to
prepare for the report, a survey
was administered to all students.).
Conclusion and Ends with a conclusion which + The conclusions and suggestions + The conclusions and
recommendations restates, draws conclusions and are mostly drawn from the main suggestions are fully drawn from
makes suggestions. body of the report. They are mostly the main body of the report so the
organised coherently so the reader report is a coherent whole. The
understands them. reader fully understands them.
Tone Uses a formal, neutral tone (e.g. + The tone is mostly consistent + The tone is consistently formal
This report is designed to evaluate throughout the report but there throughout the report.
the performance of …). may be some inconsistencies.
Evaluation Evaluates as well as describes e.g. + The evaluation is mostly + The evaluation is fully supported
benefits, issues, solutions. supported with examples and with examples and reasons.
reasons.
Conveying ideas Conveys straightforward ideas + Conveys some complex ideas + Consistently conveys complex
clearly; holds the reader’s clearly. ideas; easily holds the reader’s
attention. attention.
ORGANISATION
Heading/ The report has a heading (e.g. + The sections and subheadings + The sections and subheadings
subheadings Report evaluating the impact of …; are mostly appropriate and are always appropriate, describe
Report on the impact of …). The describe what is in the section. what is in the section and are
report is divided into sections, consistent across the report.
with each section sitting under a
subheading.
Paragraphing The text is organised well, e.g. + The text is almost a coherent + The text is a coherent whole
into paragraphs which are in turn whole i.e. ideas flow logically from i.e. ideas flow logically from
logically organised. beginning to end. beginning to end.
Cohesion Sentences are linked through the + The linking is mostly + The linking is always
use of formal linkers (e.g. However, appropriate and accurate. appropriate and accurate.
Furthermore), organisational
patterns (e.g. The key reasons are
as follows. Firstly …), referencing
and substitution (e.g. it, this, one).
LANGUAGE
Vocabulary Uses common and less common + Uses it accurately. + Uses it effectively and
vocabulary appropriately. accurately.
Grammar Uses a range of grammar, mostly + Uses a range of complex + Uses a wide range of grammar
accurately. grammar, mostly accurately fully accurately and flexibly;
and flexibly; errors don’t affect errors are related to less common
understanding. language or are only minor slips.
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Writing success criteria
Report task
Your local council is conducting an enquiry into the volume of visitors to the centre of your town or city with a view to
encouraging more people to make greater use of shops, restaurants, cafés and entertainment facilities there. You agree
to write a report describing the existing situation, including factors which discourage people from coming to the city
centre and recommending ways of attracting more visitors.
Write your report in 220—260 words.
Recommendations
To encourage more people to come to our city regularly, the following recomendations are made. Firstly, to create a ‘park
and ride’ car park near the motorway so that visitors can park easily and take a short bus ride into the centre. Secondly, to
make this car park free so that drivers are persuaded to go there. Finally, to build a bus lane so that the bus can travel fast
from the car park to the city centre.
Examiner comments
Content All points are covered and the reader is informed, although the report begins with irrelevant information about
the writer’s views of the city centre, and the comment about the writer finding the information interesting in
the third section is not very appropriate for this kind of report.
Communicative The report is laid out appropriately with a clear introduction and conclusion in the form of recommendations.
achievement The final paragraph could lay information out in bullet points to make the points easier to read. However, they
are still clear to follow. The tone is generally consistent. It’s neutral rather than formal. It holds the reader’s
attention.
Organisation The report is organised appropriately, with linkers used to connect ideas. Articles and relative pronouns
(e.g. The people who …) help with this in particular.
Language There are examples of simple and complex structures in this report. There are examples of less common
vocabulary such as collocations (e.g. The main aims, high price). There are also a few small errors or poor word
choices (e.g. gain the information) although these don’t affect communication.
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Writing success criteria
Example answer — Acing it!
Visitors to our city centre
Introduction
The principal aims of this report are to provide an overview of the volume of visitors using services in our city centre and
to identify factors which deter people from using them. The final section makes recommendations as to how the situation
could be improved.
Current situation
I conducted interviews with a random selection of shoppers and customers in local restaurants and cafés. Fewer than half
visited the city centre regularly. Among those who did make frequent use of the facilities, most cited the pedestrianised
Holmes Square as their favourite area. Smaller numbers enjoyed shopping or dining around Mitchell Mall, with several
people say they found the traffic noise uncomfortable.
Recommendations
Clearly, more could be done to attract people to our city centre. I would make the following recommendations:
• Extend the pedestrianised area to include the streets surrounding Holmes Square so as to capitalise on what is already
an attractive area.
• Encourage shops, cafés and restaurants to offer discounts to regular customers.
• Maintain access to the pedestrianised areas for cyclists.
This final recommendation will encourage those who cycle currently into town to continue to do so, while reducing noise
and pollution from motor traffic.
Examiner comments
Content All points are addressed, the content is fully relevant to the task and the reader is fully informed.
Communicative The report is organised appropriately into sub-sections with appropriate headings. Bullet points are used to
achievement list ideas. Simple and complex ideas are conveyed well using a formal tone which is maintained throughout.
The reader’s interest is held with ease.
Organisation The report is organised logically throughout the report. The ideas are linked well, with some examples of
higher level linking (e.g. so as to, those who did so).
Language A wide range of simple structures and complex structures are used. There are many examples of less common
vocabulary (e.g. deter people from, a random selection of). There are a few very small errors which don’t affect
communication including a lack of punctuation (i.e. around on the other hand).
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Writing success criteria
Part 2 Review
+ = Solid plus whatever is in the Good or Acing it! box.
ACING IT!
GOOD
SOLID
CONTENT
Task fulfilment Includes all information required + Develops the ideas in sound + Develops the ideas in good
in the task, e.g. What did you learn depth. depth.
from the film? Did it help you to
understand the reasons for the
main characters’ actions?
Relevance The content is relevant to the + Few irrelevances or omissions. + No irrelevances or omissions.
question and clear to the reader.
COMMUNICATIVE ACHIEVEMENT
Target reader Ideas are selected with the target + Most of the ideas are relevant to + All of the ideas are relevant to
reader in mind. the target reader. the target reader.
Introduction Attracts the reader’s attention + Is mostly organised coherently + Is consistently organised
from the start by asking a so the reader understands it. coherently so the reader fully
rhetorical question or making a understands it.
bold statement (e.g. What’s the
greatest love story ever told?; The
greatest love story ever told is not
the one you think it is.).
Evaluation Evaluates as well as describes, i.e. + The evaluation and opinions are + The evaluation and opinions are
strengths and weaknesses, giving mostly supported with examples fully supported with examples and
personal opinions. and reasons. reasons.
Summary and Ends with a summary of the + The summary and + The summary and
recommendation main points of the review and a recommendation mostly draw on recommendation fully draw on
recommendation (e.g. This is the the main body of the review. The the main body of the review.
best film I’ve ever seen. Make sure conclusion is mostly organised The conclusion is fully organised
you don’t miss it.). coherently so the reader coherently so the reader
understands it. understands it.
Tone Uses an informal tone to engage + The tone is mostly consistent + The tone is consistently informal
the reader through a variety throughout the review but there throughout the review.
of modifiers and adjectives, may be some inconsistencies.
emphasis and rhetorical questions
(e.g. The main character’s
motivations were totally unclear.
The impact was that we didn’t care
about her and yet it’s vital that we
care about the lead, isn’t it?).
Conveying ideas Conveys straightforward ideas + Conveys some complex ideas + Consistently conveys complex
clearly; holds the reader’s clearly. ideas; easily holds the reader’s
attention. attention.
ORGANISATION
Heading The review has a heading. + The heading is mostly + The heading is fully appropriate
appropriate to the content of the to the content of the review and
review and attracts the reader’s fully attracts the reader’s attention.
attention.
Paragraphing The text is organised well, e.g. + The text is almost a coherent + The text is a coherent whole
into paragraphs which are in turn whole i.e. ideas flow logically from i.e. ideas flow logically from
logically organised. beginning to end. beginning to end.
Cohesion Sentences are linked through the + The linking is mostly + The linking is always
use of informal linkers (e.g. What’s appropriate and accurate. appropriate and accurate.
more), organisational patterns
(e.g. Can you guess why that is?
It’s because …) referencing and
substitution (e.g. it, this, one).
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Writing success criteria
LANGUAGE
Vocabulary Uses common and less common + Uses it accurately. + Uses it effectively and
vocabulary appropriately. accurately.
Grammar Uses a range of grammar mostly + Uses a range of complex + Uses a wide range of grammar
accurately. grammar mostly accurately and fully accurately and flexibly;
flexibly; errors don’t affect errors are related to less common
understanding. language or are only minor slips.
Review task
The editor of your college English language magazine has asked you to write a review of two films you have seen
recently, saying why one of the films is likely to be of particular relevance and interest to students at the college and why
you believe the other is not worth watching.
Write your review in 220—260 words in an appropriate style.
Examiner comments
Content The points are addressed and the information is relevant to the task. The ideas are mostly developed, but the
opinion of the main characters’ conversations in ‘Life before Life’ could be explained further.
Communicative The style is fairly consistent although the use of contractions is probably not necessary. The reader’s interest is
achievement held although the introduction and final sentence could be more engaging.
Organisation The information is organised into paragraphs and information within the paragraphs is organised
appropriately. The ideas are linked sufficiently with linking words and the use of pronoun references.
Language There are examples of complex structures (e.g. If we want students relaxing …) and less common vocabulary
(e.g. had rave reviews) although there is not a particularly wide range. The accuracy is generally good with a
few minor errors that do not affect communication (e.g. want students relaxing and forgetting about exam).
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Writing success criteria
Example answer — Acing it!
End-of-course film night: my recommendations
Which would you prefer: a predictable comedy or a challenging thriller? That sums up two films that I’ve seen recently:
‘Star Spies’ and ‘Sounds of the Night’. While both have merits, I suggest that only one would be suitable for our
end-of-course film night.
‘Star Spies’ is a so-called sci-fi comedy which charts the adventures of a bunch of misfits as they travel across the galaxy.
Their mission is to go undercover and spy on various planet governments. While the film made me laugh out loud
sometimes, much of the humour was silly and childish. The story was predictable too, with little to keep my attention.
‘Sounds of the Night’ on the other hand, had me on the edge of my seat from start to finish. It’s a much more serious
tale of two children on the streets of an anonymous city when they search for their mum over the period of one night.
We follow them as they experience and try to escape from various dangers. The fact that this tale is based on real events
makes for an even more gripping experience.
Of course, some students will be keen to watch something mindless to celebrate the end of their exams, but I’d say
that ‘Sounds of the Night’ is more likely to engage all kinds of people, and despite its sombre nature, there is at least a
positive ending. It might not be as funny as ‘Star Spies’, but it’s certainly more thrilling and I found the time flew by in a
flash.
Examiner comments
Content The content fully informs the reader and is relevant to the task. There’s no irrelevant information and no
omissions.
Communicative The review has an appropriate tone which is consistent throughout. The introduction poses a question which
achievement gets the reader’s attention and that attention is then held easily until the end.
Organisation The review is organised into paragraphs with the information organised within each paragraph logically.
Sentences and ideas within sentences are linked using a variety of features (e.g. While both, much of the
humour, on the other hand).
Language A wide range of structures are used and there is evidence of a wide range of less common vocabulary too
(e.g. mindless, sombre nature, edge of my seat, chart the adventures). There are a few small errors in
vocabulary or grammar which do not affect communication (i.e. the use of sometimes in paragraph 2, planet
government instead of planetary government).
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Exam answer sheets
Answer Sheet Page 2
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Answer Sheet Page 1
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A B C D A B C D E F G H
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A B C D E F G H
Listening Answer sheet Reproduced with permission of Cambridge Assessment English © UCLES 2021
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Date
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Day:
Marks Awarded:
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