Name: _______________________________________ Grade 8 - _________________ _____1. The scientist credited with devising the first periodic A.

Dmitri Mendeleev
Science 8 Quarter 3 Module 4 Periodic Table of Elements table similar with the one we use today B. John Newlands
MELC. Trace the development of the periodic table from observations based on _____2. Whose work led to a periodic table based on C. Henry Moseley
similarities in properties of elements (S8MT-IIIg-h-11) increasing atomic number D. Lothar Meyer
Directions: Read the module carefully. _____3. He proposed the Law of Octaves E. William Ramsay
A. INTRODUCTION All the known chemical elements are arranged on The Periodic Table _____4. Identified lanthanides and actinides. F. John Dobereiner
of Elements in an informative array. There are already 118 elements discovered as of _____5. Developed the Law of Triads G. Glenn Seaborg
2019. These elements are arranged from left to right and from top to bottom in an _____6. Discovered the noble gases neon, krypton and xenon
increasing order of atomic numbers. _____7. He came up with the same conclusion as Dmitri Mendeleev.
This lesson will help you find out more about the properties of elements. You Arrangement of Elements
will see that majority of them are metals, some are non-metals, and few are metalloids. The modern periodic table organizes elements in such a way that information
Learning Task 1 Find Me! A B C D E F G H I J N K about the elements and their compounds are easily revealed. The vertical columns of
Directions: Find the names L M N M E N D E L E E V of the periodic table, called groups, identify the principal families of elements. Some
the scientists who made O P Q O R S T U V W W X families have their special names.
contributions in the Y Z A S B C D E F G L H Refer to the figure on the right,
development of the D O B E R E I N E R A I Group 1 is named as the alkali
periodic table of elements. J K L L M N O P Q R N S metals, Group 2 as the alkaline
B. DEVELOPMENT T U V E W X Y Z A B D C earth metals, Group 17 as the
The development D M E Y E R E F G H S I of halogens and Group 18 as the
the Periodic table could be traced back in 1817 to the work of Johann Dobereiner, a noble gases. Groups 13 to 16 are
German chemist who formed the triads of elements with similar properties like the triad of named based on the first element
calcium, barium and strontium. In 1863, John Newlands, an English chemist proposed the found in their families. Thus
Law of Octaves. He based his classification of elements on the fact that similar properties Group 16 is called the Oxygen
could be noted for every eight element when they are arranged in order of increasing Group.
atomic masses. Around 1869 two scientists determined a way to put the elements in The horizontal rows or periods are numbered from the top to bottom. For
order. Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev both came up with periodic tables that showed example, the elements lithium (Li) across neon (Ne) form Period 2. There are 7 horizontal
how elements should be grouped. It is interesting to note that these two scientists did not rows or periods in the periodic table. The elements are grouped into blocks or series in
personally know each other, yet they came up with the same conclusions. Both scientists the periodic table. In the later grades, you will learn how elements were grouped in
were teachers living and working in different places. Meyer lived and worked in Germany blocks. Refer to the figure above, Group 3 to Group 12 constitutes one block wherein
while Mendeleev in Russia. Both arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic elements in this block are referred as the transition elements. The lanthanides and
mass while putting in groups those with similar properties. Both of them also left blank actinides are special series of elements but are also part of the transition block; they are
spaces in their tables, believing that these spaces would be filled later with elements yet also called the inner transition elements. Elements from the taller columns (groups 1, 2,
to be discovered. William Ramsay (1894) was a British chemist who discovered four and 13 through 18) are called the representative elements or main groups of the periodic
noble gases (neon, krypton, and xenon) and showed that those gases (together with table.
Helium and Radon) formed a new family of elements named Noble Gases. Later, in This arrangement
1914, Henry Moseley, an English physicist observed that the order of the X-ray allows us to study systematically
frequencies emitted by elements follows the ordering of the elements by atomic number. the way properties vary with the
This observation led to the development of the modern periodic law which states that the element’s position in the table.
properties of elements vary periodically with atomic number. Glenn Seaborg (1944) was Similarities and differences
an American chemist who identified lanthanides and actinides. among the elements are easier
C. ENGAGEMENT Learning Task 2 Direction: Match column A with column B. to understand and remember.
Column A Column B
 In the given figure, metals are located on the left side of the Periodic Table of Reactive and Nonreactive Metals
Elements. Most of the elements are metals which are solids at room temperature except The physical properties of metals include luster, malleability, ductility, and
Mercury. Elements that are found far right of the periodic table are called nonmetals which conductivity. Metals vary in reactivity. The most reactive metals will react even with
may be solids, liquids or gases. A stair-step line on the table separates the metals from cold water while the least will not react even with acid. The ease and speed with which a
nonmetals. The elements along this line are called metalloids. Metalloids exhibit the metal reacts with another substance is called its reactivity. The reactivity of metals can
properties of metals and nonmetals. The seven elements commonly regarded as cause deterioration of materials. The gradual wearing away of a metal due to interaction
metalloids are silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, and polonium. with other substances is called corrosion.
Learning Task 3 Complete the table below. Learning Task 6 Look at the Periodic Table of Elements and answer the given questions.
Classification Properties With respect to the position in the periodic table, metallic property increases from
Lustrous (shiny), malleable, hard, ductile, good conductors of heat and top to bottom and decreases from left to right.
electricity A. In a period, the reactivity of metals 1. __________________ (decreases or increases)
Dull in appearance, brittle Poor conductors of heat and electricity from left to right. Arrange the given elements in decreasing order:
Have some properties of metal but behave chemically like a nonmetal 2. Fe, K, Ca, and Cu - __________________ 3. Ra, Ba, Sr, Mg - ________________
in certain instances. Some are semiconductors, which means they will B. In a group, the reactivity of metals 4. ___________________ (decreases or increases)
insulate and conduct electricity from top to bottom. Arrange the given elements in increasing order:
Learning Task 4. The Missing Element Fill in the missing information below by using the 5. Na, K, Li, and Rb - __________________ 6. Al, Ga, In, Tl - __________________
Periodic Table of Elements A reaction does not always happen between a metal and a compound. In this
case, the reaction of metals with acid, like HCl, produces bubbles of hydrogen and a
colorless solution of the metal chloride. There is an existing definite order of reactivity
existing among metals and hydrogen according to their ability to displace one another.
This arrangement is called the metal reactivity series or activity series of metals. The
activity series is an arrangement of metals according to decreasing order of reactivity, as
shown below. Learning Task 7 Refer to the table on the left to answer
the following questions:
A. Which will be more reactive with acid
in the following pairs of metal?
1. Mg or Na - _____ 2. Ag or Al - ____
Learning Task 5 Fill me Up! Directions: Fill in the blanks with missing word/s. 3. Fe or Zn - ______4. Pb or Li -____
Elements within the modern periodic table are organized in the simplest way B. Arrange the following metals in the
so that information about the elements and their compounds are easily revealed. The order of their decreasing reactivity.
vertical columns of the periodic table are called 1._____________. It identifies the 5. Fe, Cu, Al, Zn - ______________
2._____________ of elements. The horizontal rows of the periodic table, called 6. Ca, K, Ag, Pt - _______________
3._____________ are numbered from top to bottom. There are 18 groups in the Periodic 7. Au, Pb, Na, Fe - _____________
Table of Elements. Group 1 is named as Alkali Metals, Groups 2 as 4._______________, C. Arrange the following metals in the
and Group 16 as 5._______________. Groups 3-12 are called as 6.________________. order of their increasing reactivity.
The lanthanides and actinides are special series of elements but are also part of the 8. Li, Sn, Cu, Fe - _________________
transition block. They are also called as inner transition elements. Groups 1, 2, 13-18 are 9. Sn, Mg, Pb, Al - ________________
called as representative elements. There are three classifications of elements, namely: D. ASSIMILATION Think about the changes that you have observed around you,
metals, 7._______________, and metalloids. The majority of the elements on the left side particularly those involving metals.
of the periodic table are 8._____________. The nonmetals are confined to the right side 1. What harmful effects could happen when a metal mixes with acids? _______________
of the table. 9.______________show both properties of metals and nonmetals. The 2. What are some ways of preventing metals from corrosion? ______________________
physical properties of metals include luster, and 10._________________. _______________________________________________________________________