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    P Block Nurture 9 16

    Uploaded by

    Tanishka Mahajan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    P Block Nurture 9 16

    Uploaded by

    Tanishka Mahajan
    11 views8 pages

    Original Title

    p_block_Nurture_9_16_03a0ebfe-8f4a-464a-9cf0-e886160425e1

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    Copyright:

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    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views8 pages

    P Block Nurture 9 16

    Uploaded by

    Tanishka Mahajan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    P Block

    BACK BONDING
    F
    e–deficient species
    B
    F F
    B–F bond length is less than expected but bond energy & bond strength are
    more than expected in BF3 molecule and it can be explained by back bonding.
    Conditions of B.B. -
    1. Both covalently bonded atoms must belongs to 2nd period.
    OR
    1 atom belongs to 2 period and the other atom belongs to 3rd period.
    nd

    2. 1 covalently bonded atom must have lone pair and the other atom
    must have vacant orbital (V.O)
    BACK BONDING
    Effects of B.B -
    Ex : B – 2s2 2P1
    1. Bond length decreases.
    G.S. –
    2. Hybridisation may change ES1 –
    3. Bond angle may change s s s
    F F F
    4. Geometry may change
    5. Acidic and basic nature of molecule F
    B F
    F
    pp - pp p
    F F F
    s B B F B F
    s F F F
    F s
    2p 2p 4 = 1.33
    B.O = —
    F 3
    (V.O) (L.P) B F
    F
    Note - Back bond is a type of p Co-ordinate bond.
    BACK BONDING
    • Bond bonding is a type of sideway overlapping in which there is a slight
    transfer of e– from e– rich species to e– deficient atom.

    • As a result the e– deficiency of e– deficient atom gets slightly compensated


    so BF3 do not form dimer.

    • In BF3 molecule there is no change in hybridisation, geometry, shape


    and bond angle but bond length decreases.

    Extent of B.B -

    2p–2p > 2p – 3p > 2p – 4p > 2p – 5p

    Ex : BF3 > BCl3 > BBr3 > BI3


    BACK BONDING
    Q. Compare Bond Length, Bond Strength, Bond Energy Bond Order,
    Hybridisation and % s-character.
    BF3 BF4– (BF3 + F – )
    –
    F
    F F
    B F B.B B F B.B
    F F
    4
    B.O = 1.33 3 B.O = 1

    B. Strength / B. Energy -
    B. Length -
    Hybridisation - sp2 sp3
    % s-character - 33.3% 25%
    Bond Angle -
    Geometry - Trigonal planar Tetrahedral
    BACK BONDING
    Q. Compare Lewis Basic Strength Between Trimethyl Amine & Trisilyl Amine.

    N(CH3)3 N(SiH3)3
    (Trimethyl amine) (Trisilyl amine)
    ..
    N H3Si ..
    N SiH3
    CH3 CH H3Si
    CH3 3
    (pp - dp)

    Hybridisation - 3s + 1LP = 4 = sp3 3s + 0LP = 3 = sp2


    Geometry - Tetrahedral Trigonal planar
    Shape - Pyramidal Trigonal planar
    Trimethyl amine is a better Lewis base than Trisilyl amine because lone pair is
    free to donate in trimethyl amine but lone pair is busy in trisilyl amine in B.B.
    BACK BONDING
    Applications of Back Bonding :

    1. Back Bonding explains the abnormal bond length, bond energy, bond

    strength of B-F bond in BF3.

    Q. In which of the following B-F bond length is minimum.

    (1) BF4– (2) BF3

    (3) BF3  NH3 (4) All B-F Bond Lengths are same

    Ans. (2)
    BACK BONDING
    2. Back Bonding explains the Lewis acidic nature of molecules :

    (i) BF3 BCl3 BBr3 BI3


    2p-2p 2p-3p 2p-4p 2p-5p

    Size of B.B. e-deficiency L.P. accepting L. Acidic


    orbital of Boron tendency nature

    (ii) BeF2 BeCl2 BeBr2 BeI2


    2p-2p 2p-3p 2p-4p 2p-5p

    Size of B.B. e-deficiency L.P. accepting L. Acidic


    orbital of Boron tendency nature

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