1.0.

Rationale:
.
Civil engineering structures are mainly made-up of column, Beam and Slabs and these
structures are subjected to axial as well as eccentric loading along with different end
conditions. The content on calculations of shear forces, bending moments, bendingstresses,
slope and deflections which are developed in various types of beams will be useful in
design of these members. Analysis of members for axial forces, slope, deflection, combined
direct. and bending stresses will be useful in safe design of various structural members.

1.1. Competency : -

The aim of this course is to help the student to attain the following industry identified
competency through various teaching learning experiences:

• Analyze structural components using different methods.

2.0.Aim/Benefits of micro project: Prepare a chart showing values of maximum slope

and deflection in various types of beams and loading condition”

3.0. Course outcome:

 Analyze slopeand Deflectionin beams underdifferent loadingconditions.

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4.0. Action Plan
Sr.no. Details of project Started plan Plan Finish Name of responsible group
date date members
1. Starting of micro- Shrushti Rajput
project Tanuja Avhale
10-02-2024 - Pranali Kale
Avinash Dhamone

2. Collection of canal data Shrushti Rajput

Tanuja Avhale
5-02024 25-02-2024 Pranali Kale
Avinash Dhamone
3. Getting data Shrushti Rajput
from google Tanuja Avhale
28-2-2024 10-03-2024 Pranali Kale
Avinash Dhamone
4. To study the uses of Shrushti Rajput
canal & its Tanuja Avhale
15-03-2024 20-03-2024 Pranali Kale
maintainance
Avinash Dhamone
5. Finalizing the project
Shrushti Rajput
22-03-2024 30-03-24 Tanuja Avhale
Pranali Kale
Avinash Dhamone
4.1. Resources Required
Sr.no. Name of resource Specifications Qty Remarks
1. Mechanics Of Structure ---------------------- 1 Per batch
2. Theory Of Structure ---------------------- 1 Per batch
3. Google ---------------------- 1 Per batch

Names of team members

Roll no.
1. Shrushti Rajput
2. Tanuja Avhale
3. Pranali Kale
4. Avinash Dhamone

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LITERATURE REVIWE:

1.INTRODUCTION

The slope of a Beam: The slope of a beam is the angle between deflected beam to the actual
beam at the same point.

Deflection of Beam: Deflection is defined as the vertical displacement of a point on a loaded

beam. Many methods determine the slope and deflection at a section in a loaded beam.

The maximum deflection occurs where the slope is zero. The maximum deflection position is
found by equating the slope equation to zero. Then the value of x is substituted in the deflection
equation to calculate the maximum deflection

A simply supported beam rests on two supports (one end pinned and one end on roller support)
and is free to move horizontally. The deflection and slope of any beam(not particularly a
simply supported one) primary depend on the load case it is subjected upon. If the load case
varies, its deflection, slope, shear force and bending moment get changed.

This article will help you find the deflection and slope developed at any point of a simply
supported beam, subjected to any load.

The formula used to find slope and deflection of the beam

The bending moment at any point of the beam section can be found using the double
integration formula, that is given below.`-

M is the Bending Moment at a particular section, which is a function of x

El is the flexural rigidity of the member

y represents the vertical deflection of the beam and x is the lateral direction.

dy/dx represents the slope of the beam at that particular point.

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Finding Deflection and Slope

There are multiple methods like double integration method, Macaulay's method, Conjugate
beam method, Castigliano's theorem, Principle of superposition which help us find the
deflection and slope of a beam.

Here we will use the double integration method, which is a simple, effective and straight
forward method, that can be used to solve any

type of question.

From the Euler-Bernoulli bending theory, at a point along a beam, we have:

1/R = M/EI

Where:
R:-is the radius of curvature of the

point M:-is the bending moment at that

point

El:-is the flexural rigidity of the member, E is Young's modulus of the beam material, I is the
second moment of area. The history of

Deflection of Beams is the representation of deflection of the structure from its original
unloaded position. Beams are widely used in different types of structures. Therefore, it is very
important to know how to predict the deflection of beams when different types of load and
their load combinations are applied.

It is very important to limit the deflection of beams as too much deflection might cause damage
to other parts of the structures. If too much deflection of the beam is allowed, it will fail the
serviceability criteria; even though the stresses acting in the beam are low and safe, the
structure will fail to serve the purpose of its construction

What is the Deflection of Beams

The deflection is measured from the beam's original neutral surface to the deformed beam's
neutral surface. The configuration assumed by the deformed neutral surface is known as
the elastic curve of the beam.

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CASE 1. Simply supported beam subjected to point load at a mid span

ΘA = W L 2 yc=ymax = -W L2
16EIL 48EI

CASE 2. Simply supported beam subjected to eccentric point load.

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ΘA = Wab(a+2b) yc= W a2.b2
6EIL 3EIL
L=a+b ymax = - Wb (L2 –b2 )3/2
EI=Flexural rigidity 3EIL 3

ΘB = Wab (2a+b) radians

6EIL

CASE 3. Simply Supported beam subjected to udl over entire span.

ΘA = W L 3 ymax= yc =yat center

24EI
Θb = W L 3 =- 5 wL4
24EI 384 EI
EI= Flexural rigidity EI= Flexural rigidity

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 CASE 4. Cantilever beam with point load w at free end

Slope at free end

2 y
Θb = WL b = W.L
3

2EI 3EI

CASE 5. Cantilever beam subjected to point load W at a distance L from fixed end.

y
Θb = WL2 c = W.L
3

2EI 3EI
y 3
B = W.L
3EI

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CASE 5. Cantilever beam subjected to point load W at a distance L from fixed end.

CASE 6. Cantilever beam subjected to udl over intire span

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CASE 7. Cantilever beam subjected to udl over a part (L1) of beam from fixed end.

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 6.0 Application

1. Most common uses of H Beams are for platforms, bridges, ship and dock
building. While I Beams are commonly used for typical commercial buildings or
any other lightweight application.
2. support usually offers technical support and human support. Technical support
relates to the maintenance of the app, software and other organization's
technological systems. Human support relates to helping the end-user understand
how to use the application or system and help solve any issues.

7.0 Conclusion: we study for the various types of method of slope and deflection. We
learn for actual their formule and uses in actual construction.

8.0 Skill developed / learning Outcomes of Micro-project

1. Communication.
2. Leadership.
3. Team management
4. Typing speed
5. Personal organization.
6. Risk management.
7. Time mamagement
8. Uses of plans on field

9.0. References

1) www.google.com

2) www.wikipedia.com

3). Theory of structure Khurmi.R.S

4) msbte learning material. Theory of structure (22402)

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