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Section A (40 Marks)

The document is a marking scheme for a biology exam containing multiple choice and structured questions covering topics like cells, classification of organisms, digestion, transport systems in plants, microscopy and experiments on osmosis and enzymes. It provides the answers or marking points for 20 questions across two sections.

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Bryan Will
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44 views

Section A (40 Marks)

The document is a marking scheme for a biology exam containing multiple choice and structured questions covering topics like cells, classification of organisms, digestion, transport systems in plants, microscopy and experiments on osmosis and enzymes. It provides the answers or marking points for 20 questions across two sections.

Uploaded by

Bryan Will
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ZERAKI ACHIEVERS’ EXAMINATIONS (2023)

Term 3 - 2023
BIOLOGY
FORM ONE
MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (40 MARKS)

1. a) Cytology-Study of cells;
b) Churning-Mixing of food and digestive juices in the gut/stomach/ileum/intestines;
c) Diffusion-Movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of
low concentration;

2. a) Panthera pardus;
b) They cant interbreed to get a fertile/viable offspring;

3. a) Resolution;
b) Increasing Magnification power; Using a stain;

4. Through Collaborative research on vaccines/drugs for HIV & AIDS/Malaria/Ebola;


Through co-ordinated fight against SARS/Covid-19/Ebola; Through signing of Treaties to
manage resources/endangered species; Signing International agreements for environmental
conservation/Saving Ozone layer e.g Kyoto Protocol; Using the same system of naming
organisms/Binomial nomenclature; Mark 1st 2

5. a) Does not Grow and Develop; Does not Reproduce; Does not shoe irritability
b) Involves change in position of the whole body;

6. a) Places organisms into specialized groups/taxa by use of their evolutionary relationship


and structural similarities/differences; ACCEPT Classifies/Groups and names organisms;
b) Developed Binomial nomenclature; Came up with the Modern/Natural Classification;

7. Efficient breakdown of food; to increase surface area for enzyme action;

8. a) Red blood cell/Erythrocyte gains water molecules by osmosis from hypotonic


solution/distilled, enlarges then bursts; REJECT Animal cell/Cell alone
b) Place the plasmolysed cell in distilled water/hypotonic solution (for some time);

9. i) Chitin; ii) Cellulose;

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10. a)
SAMPLE EXPECTED OBSERVATION

Distilled Water Blue;

Glucose Solution Green/Yellow/Orange/Brown; ACCEPT Correct Sequence B-G-Y-O-B

b) Benedict’s (solution); REJECT Benedicts/benedict’s/Benedict

11. a) I 0/4 c 0/0 pm 3/3 m 2/3; REJECT Capital letters/Wrong Sequence


b) Lack incisors in the uppers jaw; (REJECT has Horny pad)
Lack canines (REJECT has Diastema)

12. Photosynthesis uses light energy while Chemosynthesis uses chemical energy;

13. a) Gingivitis; Pyorrhea; MARK 1st 1


b) Regular brushing of teeth; Regular dental check up; Eat foods rich in Vit A, C and D;
Use teeth for proper purpose; Avoid eating too much; Exerice teeth by eating hard foods;
MARK 1st 2

14. a) i) Fructose; ii) Sucrase;


b) Ileum;
c) Hydrolyse food; Offers medium for metabolic reactions; Is a solvent/dissolves
nutrients/wastes; Transportation of nutrients/wastes; Osmoregulation; coolant/temperature
regulation; MARK 1st 1

15. a) Revolving nose piece;


b) Excludes dust; Keeps specimen in position; Prevent dessication/Drying up of specimen;
MARK 1st 2

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SECTION B (40 MARKS)

16. a)i) Peristalsis; ii) Movement of food along the ileum; Mix food with intestinal juice;
b) Makes food bulky; Enhancing grip on food by intestinal walls for efficient
peristalsis/movement;
c) Sub-lingual
d) Saliva;
e) Has ptyalin/salivary amylase that breaks down starch to maltose; has water that dissolves
soluble foods; Has mucus that lubricates food for easy swallowing; is alkaline to offer
optimum pH for efficient action of amylase; MARK 1st 2

17. a)i) E-Stoma; ii) F-Sub-stomatal air space;


b) D has chloroplast; Has differentially thickened walls/bean-shaped/Inner and Outer wall
have different thickness;
c) i) E-Allows entry of Carbon (IV) Oxide that is a raw material for photosynthesis;
ii) G- Transparent to allow easy passage of light rays into the leaf/palisade; Is thin to
allow easier penetration of light to photosynthetic cells;
d) Closer to source of light; More chloroplasts; Closely packed thus maximum light
absorption; MARK 1st 2

18. a) Bright/Illuminated circular area under a light microscope where images are seen/formed;
b) 4mm; ACCEPT 4000micrometers
c) 4mm÷10cells; ₌ 0.4 mm
1mm = 1000micrometers
0.4mm = (0.4mm X 1000micrometers) ÷ 1mm;
= 400micrometers;
Accept
Accept 4×1000= 4000
4000÷10 = 400
400÷0.02= X2000

d) Total Mag = Image length ÷ Actual length


= 400micrometers ÷ 0.02 micrometers;
= X2000;
e) Cells have different sizes; Cells are not linearly arranged in the tissues; MARK 1st 1

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19. a) Determine effect of heat on osmosis (in potato cells);
b) D;
c)i) B - Water level reduced/Sugar solution level increased in the potato cup; Sugar
solution is hypertonic thus a concentration gradient was created enabling gain of water
molecules by osmosis (through the potato cells from the surrounding water);
ii) D – No observable in level of water/Sugar solution; Boiling destroyed the cell
membrane/denatured the protein layer thus loss of permeability leading to no osmosis;
d) Osmoregulation/Regulation of osmotic pressure; Absorption of water molecules in the
ileum; Re-absorption of water molecules in the kidneys/nephrons; MARK 1st 2

20. a) i) A- No protein/blue colour of Copper (II) Sulphate retained; since all proteins were
digested/ broken down (to peptides);
ii) B- Protein present/Purple colour seen; boiling denatured the pepsin/enzymes (thus no
protein breakdown);
b) i) Offer optimum pH for pepsin/enzyme;
ii) To provide optimum temperature to pepsin/enzyme;
iii) Control (experimental set up);
c) Presence of mucus that coats the inner stomach lining (thus little contact between the
acid and stomach lining);

END

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