PETIT SEMINAIRE SAINT ALOYS SCHOOL YEAR 2021/2022

Date:
CYANGUGU CATHOLIC DIOCESE
B.P: 05 CYANGUGU SENIOR 5 MCB
TIMING: 3:30 Hours
THIRD TERM BIOLOGY WELCOME TEST ON 155 MARKS
INSTRUCTIONS: -This paper consists of TWO sections: A and B
Section A: Attempt all questions. /125 MARKS
Section B: Attempt any three questions. /30 MARKS
Underline after each question
Put the numbering on each of the answer sheets
SECTION A:
1. The figure below is a drawing of an organelle from ciliated cell as seen with an electron
microscope (5 marks)

a. Label the parts of that organelle

b. Name the organelle shown
c. State the function of this organelle.
d. State why ciliated cells contain relatively large numbers of these organelle
e. Calculate the actual length of the organelle as shown by the line AB .Express your
answer in micrometer and show your working
2. State three ways you can prevent cholera (3marks)
3. Give the procedure of testing reducing sugars in the food and give the color when they
are present (3marks)
4. A. write the ring form of β-glucose in the space below.(2 marks)

B. using palmitic acid (c16) as fatty acid show a triglyceride is formed (3 marks)

5. State two proteins and their functions of proteins in human body. (2 marks)

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6. Here is a list of vitamins:A;B1;K;B3;B12;E;C ;B5;K .B6 Group them according to their
solubility(5 marks)

WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

7. Enzyme are specific. Explain. (3 marks)

8. List four similarities between DNA and RNA. (2 marks)

9. Between an elephant and a rat which animal is expected to have a big surface area to
volume? Why? (2 marks)
10. Give three functions of abscissic acid in the plant (3 marks)
11. Endosymbiont theory, “endo” means “inside” and a “symbiont” is an organism
which lives in a mutually beneficial relationship with another organism. In 1960s it was
discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts are, in effect, ancient bacteria which now
live inside the larger cells typical of the animals and plants. State four evidences that
may support this theory. (2marks)
12. The micrograph below shows cell organelle(s).

(a) Identify the type of electron microscope used to produce the micrograph above.
(1marks)
(b)The figure below shows a section in an animal cell

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(i) Identify the organelles represented by the letters A, B, C and D?
(2maks)
(ii)Describe two functions of the organelle labeled D.
(2maks)
(iii)Name the process that is taking place at E?
(1mark)
13. Use the equation below to answer the following questions;

Glucose + Glucose Process X Maltose + water

Maltose +Water Enzyme Y Glucose + Glucose

Process P
(i) Name enzyme Y, processes X and P (3marks)
(ii) Name another substance that can have the same effect as enzyme
Y. (1mark)
(c)(i) Why is glycogen sometimes referred to as animal starch? (1mark)
(d)What are the roles of HCl and NaHCO3 while testing non reducing sugar?
(2marks)
14. A culture of yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been conducted in banana
juice 7 days at 30 celcius degree.The table below shows the number of yeast I those
days
Time/days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 2 6 16 20 20 8

(a)Plot a curve to show growth of yeast population(2marks)

(b)Describe the trend of graph you have plotted in Q21.a(2marks)

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(c)Explain the role of banana juice in this experiment (1mark)
(d)State any two conditions that should be kept constant in this experiment (2mark)
15. The diagrams below show examples of some types of specialized cells from the
human body.

The cells are not drawn to the same scale. (μm = micrometer)

(a) Put letters in the boxes below to arrange the cells in order of increasing size
(3marks).

16. a) Different conditions affect how enzymes work. Name one condition that might
vary between one organelle and another. (1mark)
b) The enzymes that control a pathway are often attached to the inner
membrane of a cell organelle in a very precise sequence. Suggest why
enzymes are attached in a very precise sequence. (2marks)
c) The figure below represents an enzyme and its substrate. Of the other four
molecules shown, one is a competitive inhibitor and one is a non-
competitive inhibitor of the enzyme.

i. What is the number of the molecule is a competitive

inhibitor? (1mark) ii. What is the number of the molecule
being a non-competitive inhibitor? (1mark)
17. Study the provided diagram below

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a) What do this diagram represent/1mark
b) What does the letter W stands for/1mark
c) From this diagram, Name two closely related species and two unrelated species/4marks
d) Name two main features organisms in the same species shares in common/1marks
18. a) What are the three basic components of a nucleotide? (3 marks)

b) In terms of the structure of the DNA molecule, explain why the base
pairings are adenine with guanine and thymine with cytosine. (2 marks)
c) Suggest a reason why the base pairings of adenine with cytosine and guanine
with thymine do not occur. (2 marks)
d) The bases on one strand of DNA are TGGAGACT, what is the base sequence on
the other strand? (2 marks)
e) If 19.9% of the base pairs in human DNA is guanine, what is the percentage of
human DNA is thymine. Show your reasoning. (2 marks)

19. a) An ecosystem may be as a pond or as large as a forest. Some scientists consider that
the whole biosphere is an ecosystem.

Give a detailed definition of the term ecosystem. You may use another example in your
answer. (3 marks)

b) In 1978, the American ecologist Paul Colinvaux published a book of essays with the title
Why Big Fierce Animals are Rare. Explain why big fierce animals are rare in ecosystems. (3
marks)

20. (a) Copy and complete the following table to distinguish between the processes of
transcription and translation. (5 marks)

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(b) The drawing shows a polyribosome.

(i) Name X, Y and Z. (1.5 marks)

(ii) In which direction are the ribosomes moving? Explain how you were able to decide on
their direction of movement. (2 marks)
21. The diagram shows three cells (labelled A, B and C) from a root tip which have been
stained to show chromosomes.

(a) Identify the stage of mitosis shown by each cell. (3 marks)

(b) Describe what is happening at each stage. (3 marks)
22. The diagram below shows different biochemical pathways involved in photosynthesis.

a) Name the molecule A. /1 mark

b) i) Explain how NADP is reduced in the light dependent reaction. /2 marks
ii) What is the function of NADP in the light dependent reaction? / 2 marks

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 c) The diagram below shows certain reactions that took place in the light independent
reactions of photosynthesis.

i) Name the substances represented by the letters X and Y. / 2 marks

ii) Explain the origin of NADPH + H+ and the ATP used in the light independent
reaction. /3 mark
d) What is produced from the splitting of water during the light-dependent reaction and
what is this process called? /3.5 marks
e) Describe what happens when sun light strikes chlorophyll. / 2 marks
23. The graph below shows the relationship between rate of transpiration and rate of water
uptake for a particular plant.

a. Define the term transpiration. (2 marks)

b. State the two environmental factors which are most likely to be responsible for the
changes in transpiration rate shown in the graph above. (2 marks)
c. Describe the relationship between rate of transpiration and rate of water uptake shown
in the graph above. (2 marks)
d. Explain the relationship. (2 marks)
SECTION B: ATTEMPT ONLY THREE QUESTIONS (30MARKS)
24. The graph below shows the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction of an
enzyme.

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 a) What is indicated by X? (2marks)
b) What temperature would X be for a mammalian enzyme? ( 2marks)
c) Explain what is happening in region A. ( 2marks)
d) Explain what is happening in region B. ( 2marks)
e) Enzymes are effective because they lower the activation energy of the
reactions they catalyze. Explain what is meant by ‘activation

25. (a) Stomata can be open and close. Describe the following theories which cause
the opening and closing of the stomata. (8marks)

(i) Photosynthesis theory in guard cells

(ii) Starch sugar interconversion theory
(iii) Glycolate metabolism theory
(iv) Potassium ions pump theory

(b)Explain how the above mechanisms lead to change turgidity of guard

cells. (1marks)
(C)Explain the main difference between hydrostatic pressure and osmotic
pressure both occurring in plant cells(1mark)

26. i)The figure below shows a number of bonds or links identified with the letters A to E,
which are involved in the formation of proteins and polysaccharides. C, D and E are all
covalent bonds or links.
a. Name the bonds A and B
(2mks)

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 With reference to the above diagram, use one of the letters A to E to indicate the
bond or link that is used:
b. to join glucose molecules in the formation of a polysaccharide.
(1mark)
c. to join adjacent amino acids in the primary structure of a protein.
(1mark)
d. only in the tertiary structure of a protein.
(1mark) ii) You are provided with a solid substance labelled M. You are also provided
with all materials and chemicals required for this test. Describe how you will know if
it contains a protein by carrying out a Biuret test.
(3marks)
e. Enzymes produced by microorganisms are responsible for spoiling food. Using this fact
and your knowledge of enzymes suggest a reason in each case why the following
procedures are carried out:
(i)Food is heated to a high temperature before being canned.
(1marks)
(ii)Some foods such as onions, are preserved in vinegar.
(1marks)
27. Describe the processes that are involved in protein synthesis. (10 marks)

END.