CAM MCQ

830 l Theory of Machines
acceleration of the follower at a point where straight flank merges into the circular nose.
[Ans. 17.5 mm ; 304.5 m/s2]
16. Following is the data for a circular arc cam working with a flat faced reciprocating follower :
Minimum radius of the cam = 30 mm ; Total angle of cam action = 120° ; Radius of the circular arc
= 80 mm ; Nose radius = 10 mm.
1. Find the distance of the centre of nose circle from the cam axis ; 2. Draw the profile of the cam
to full scale; 3. Find the angle through which the cam turns when the point of contact moves from
the junction of minimum radius arc and circular arc to the junction of nose radius arc and circular
arc ; and 4. Find the velocity and acceleration of the follower when the cam has turned through an
angle of θ = 20°. The angle θ is measured from the point where the follower just starts moving
away from the cam. The angular velocity of the cam is 10 rad/s.
[Ans. 30 mm ; 22°; 68.4 mm/s ; 1880 mm/s2]
17. The suction valve of a four stroke petrol engine is operated by a circular arc cam with a flat faced
follower. The lift of the follower is 10 mm ; base circle diameter of the cam is 40 mm and the nose
radius is 2.5 mm. The crank angle when suction valve opens is 4° after top dead centre and when
the suction valve closes, the crank angle is 50° after bottom dead centre. If the cam shaft rotates at
600 r.p.m., determine: 1. maximum velocity of the valve, and 2. maximum acceleration and retarda-
tion of the valve.
[Ans. 1.22 m/s ; 383 m/s2, 108.6 m/s2]
[Hint. Total angle turned by the crankshaft when valve is open
= 180° – 4° + 50° = 226°
Since the engine is a four stroke cycle, therefore speed of cam shaft is half of the speed of the crank
shaft.
∴ Total angle turned by the cam shaft during opening of valve, 2 α = 226/2 = 113° or
α = 56.5°].
18. The following particulars relate to a symmetrical circular cam operating a flat-faced follower :
Least radius = 25 mm ; nose radius = 8 mm, lift of the valve = 10 mm, angle of action of cam =
120°, cam shaft speed = 1000 r.p.m.
Determine the flank radius and the maximum velocity, acceleration and retardation of the follower. If
the mass of the follower and valve with which it is in contact is 4 kg, find the minimum force to be
exerted by the spring to overcome inertia of the valve parts.
[Ans. 88 mm ; 1.93 m/s, 690.6 m/s2, 296 m/s2 ; 1184 N]
DO YOU KNOW ?
1. Write short notes on cams and followers.
2. Explain with sketches the different types of cams and followers.
3. Why a roller follower is preferred to that of a knife-edged follower ?
4. Define the following terms as applied to cam with a neat sketch :-
(a) Base circle, (b) Pitch circle, (c) Pressure angle, and (d) Stroke of the follower.
5. What are the different types of motion with which a follower can move ?
6. Draw the displacement, velocity and acceleration diagrams for a follower when it moves with simple
harmonic motion. Derive the expression for velocity and acceleration during outstroke and return
stroke of the follower.
7. Draw the displacement, velocity and acceleration diagrams for a follower when it moves with uni-
form acceleration and retardation. Derive the expression for velocity and acceleration during out-
stroke and return stroke of the follower.
8. Derive expressions for displacement, velocity and acceleration for a tangent cam operating on a
radial-translating roller follower :
Chapter 20 : Cams l 831
(i) when the contact is on straight flank, and
(ii) when the contact is on circular nose.
9. Derive the expressions for displacement, velocity and acceleration for a circular arc cam operating a
flat-faced follower
(i) when the contact is on the circular flank, and
(ii) when the contact is on circular nose.
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. The size of a cam depends upon
(a) base circle (b) pitch circle (c) prime circle (d) pitch curve
2. The angle between the direction of the follower motion and a normal to the pitch curve is called
(a) pitch angle (b) prime angle
(c) base angle (d) pressure angle
3. A circle drawn with centre as the cam centre and radius equal to the distance between the cam
centre and the point on the pitch curve at which the pressure angle is maximum, is called
(a) base circle (b) pitch circle
(c) prime circle (d) none of these
4. The cam follower generally used in automobile engines is
(a) knife edge follower (b) flat faced follower
(c) spherical faced follower (d) roller follower
5. The cam follower extensively used in air-craft engines is
(a) knife edge follower (b) flat faced follower
(c) spherical faced follower (d) roller follower
6. In a radial cam, the follower moves
(a) in a direction perpendicular to the cam axis
(b) in a direction parallel to the cam axis
(c) in any direction irrespective of the cam axis
(d) along the cam axis
7. A radial follower is one
(a) that reciprocates in the guides (b) that oscillates
(c) in which the follower translates along an axis passing through the cam centre of rotation.
(d) none of the above
8. Offet is provided to a cam follower mechanism to
(a) minimise the side thrust (b) accelerate
(c) avoid jerk (d) none of these
9. For low and moderate speed engines, the cam follower should move with
(a) uniform velocity (b) simple harmonic motion
(c) uniform acceleration and retardation (d) cycloidal motion
10. For high speed engines, the cam follower should move with
(a) uniform velocity (b) simple harmonic motion
(c) uniform acceleration and retardation (d) cycloidal motion
11. Which of the following displacement diagrams should be chosen for better dynamic performance of
a cam-follower mechanism ?
(a) simple hormonic motion (b) parabolic motion
(c) cycloidal motion (d) none of these
832 l Theory of Machines
12. For a given lift of the follower of a cam follower mechanism, a smaller base circle diameter is
desired.
(a) because it will give a steeper cam and higher pressure angle.
(b) because it will give a profile with lower pressure angle
(c) because it will avoid jumping
(d) none of the above.
13. The linear velocity of the reciprocating roller follower when it has contact with the straight flanks of
the tangent cam, is given by
(a) ω ( r1 − r2 )sin θ (b) ω (r1 − r2 ) cos θ
(c) ω ( r1 + r2 )sin θ sec 2θ (d) ω ( r1 + r2 )cos θ cosec2θ
where ω = Angular velocity of the cam shaft,
r1 = Minimum radius of the cam,
r2 = Radius of the roller, and
θ = Angle turned by the cam from the beginning of the displacement for contact
of roller with the straight flanks.
14. The displacement of a flat faced follower when it has contact with the flank of a circular arc cam, is
given by
(a) R (1 − cos θ) (b) R (1 − sin θ)
(c) ( R − r1 )(1 − cos θ) (d) ( R − r 1)(1 − sin θ)
where R = Radius of the flank,
r1 = Minimum radius of the cam, and
θ = Angle turned by the cam for contact with the circular flank.
15. The retardation of a flat faced follower when it has contact at the apex of the nose of a circular arc
cam, is given by
(a) ω2 × OQ (b) ω2 × OQ sin θ
(c) ω2 × OQ cos θ (d) ω2 × OQ tan θ

where OQ = Distance between the centre of circular flank and centre of nose.
ANSWERS
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d)
6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (c) 14. (c) 15. (a)

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830 l Theory of Machines

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

(c) ω2 × OQ cos θ (d) ω2 × OQ tan θ

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