Apb Interview Questions

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1. Why APB instead of AHB?

The APB is simpler than the AHB. APB is sometimes optimized for reduced interface
complexity and minimal power consumption for supporting peripheral functions.

2. Difference between APB and AHB ?

AHB stands for Advanced High-performance Bus and APB sands for Advanced Peripheral
Bus. AHB uses a full duplex parallel communication whereas the APB uses massive
memory-I/O accesses. When comparing the usage, the APB is simpler than the AHB. APB
has no pipelining. The APB is mainly proposed for connecting to simple peripherals.
The APB comes with a low power peripheral. AHB has a single edge clock protocol,
several bus masters, split transactions, single-cycle bus master handover, burst
transfers, large bus widths and non-tristate implementation. In AHB, the
transaction consists of an address phase and a data phase. In case of AHB, there is
only one Bus master at a time. But APB is only used for low bandwidth control
accesses. Though the APB has an address phase and data phase as like that of the
AHB, it comes with a list of low complexity signals.

3. What is the difference between SPLIT and RETRY responses in AHB?

Ans:
Both the Split and Retry responses are used by slaves which require a large number
of cycles to complete a transfer. These responses allow a data phase transfer to
appear completed to avoid stalling the bus, but at the same time indicate that the
transfer should be re-attempted when the master is next granted the bus. The
difference between them is that a SPLIT response tells the Arbiter to give priority
to all other masters until the SPLIT transfer can be completed (effectively
ignoring all further requests from this master until the SPLIT slave indicates it
can complete the SPLIT transfer), whereas the RETRY response only tells the Arbiter
to give priority to higher priority masters. A SPLIT response is more complicated
to implement than a RETRY, but has the advantage that it allows the maximum
efficiency to be made of the bus bandwidth. The master behaviors is identical to
both SPLIT and RETRY responses, the master has to cancel the next access and re-
attempt the current failed access.

4. What value should be used for HTRANS when an AHB master gets a RETRY response
from a slave in the middle of burst?

Whenever a transfer is restarted it must use HTRANS set to NONSEQ and it may also
be necessary to adjust the HBURST information (usually just to indicate INCR).

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