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    A Brief History of Science

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    lucabezdik
    The document provides a brief history of science from prehistoric times through the 21st century, highlighting major discoveries and advancements in fields like astronomy, physics, chemistry, genetics, and medicine made during different eras including the 1200s, 1400s, 1500s, 1600s, 1700s, 1800s, 1900s, and 2000s.

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    A Brief History of Science

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    lucabezdik
    10 views2 pages
    The document provides a brief history of science from prehistoric times through the 21st century, highlighting major discoveries and advancements in fields like astronomy, physics, chemistry, genetics, and medicine made during different eras including the 1200s, 1400s, 1500s, 1600s, 1700s, 1800s, 1900s, and 2000s.

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    The document provides a brief history of science from prehistoric times through the 21st century, highlighting major discoveries and advancements in fields like astronomy, physics, chemistry, genetics, and medicine made during different eras including the 1200s, 1400s, 1500s, 1600s, 1700s, 1800s, 1900s, and 2000s.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    10 views2 pages

    A Brief History of Science

    Uploaded by

    lucabezdik
    The document provides a brief history of science from prehistoric times through the 21st century, highlighting major discoveries and advancements in fields like astronomy, physics, chemistry, genetics, and medicine made during different eras including the 1200s, 1400s, 1500s, 1600s, 1700s, 1800s, 1900s, and 2000s.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    A brief history of science

    The earliest evidence of science can be found in prehistoric times, such as the discovery of
    fire, invention of the wheel and development of writing. Early tablets contain numerals and
    information about the solar system. Science became decidedly more scientific over time,
    however.

    1200s: Robert Grosseteste developed the framework for the proper


    methods of modern scientific experimentation, according to
    the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. His works included the
    principle that an inquiry must be based on measurable evidence that is
    confirmed through testing.

    1400s: Leonardo da Vinci began his notebooks in pursuit of evidence


    that the human body is microcosmic. The artist, scientist and
    mathematician also gathered
    information about optics and
    hydrodynamics.

    1500s: Nicolaus Copernicus advanced the


    understanding of the solar system with his discovery of
    heliocentrism. This is a model in which Earth and the
    other planets revolve around the sun, which is the
    centre of the solar system.

    1600s: Johannes Kepler built upon those observations with


    his laws of planetary motion. Galileo Galilei improved on a
    new invention, the telescope, and used it to study the sun
    and planets. The 1600s also saw advancements in the study
    of physics as Isaac Newton developed his laws of motion.

    1700s: Benjamin Franklin discovered that lightning is


    electrical. He also contributed to the study of oceanography
    and meteorology. The understanding of chemistry also evolved during this century as
    Antoine Lavoisier, dubbed the father of modern chemistry, developed the law of conservation
    of mass.
    1800s: Milestones included
    Alessandro Volta's discoveries
    regarding electrochemical series,
    which led to the invention of the
    battery. John Dalton also
    introduced atomic theory, which
    stated that all matter is composed of atoms that combine to form molecules. The basis of
    modern study of genetics advanced as Gregor Mendel unveiled his laws of inheritance. Later
    in the century, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered X-rays, while George Ohm's law
    provided the basis for understanding how to harness electrical charges.

    1900s: The discoveries of Albert Einstein, who is best known for his theory of relativity,
    dominated the beginning of the 20th century. Einstein's theory of relativity is actually two
    separate theories. His special theory of relativity, which he outlined in a 1905 paper, "The
    Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies," concluded that time must change according to the speed
    of a moving object relative to the frame of reference of an observer. His second theory of
    general relativity, which he published as "The Foundation of the General Theory of
    Relativity," advanced the idea that matter causes space to curve.

    Medicine forever changed with the development of the polio vaccine in 1952 by Jonas Salk.
    The following year, James D. Watson and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA,
    which is a double helix formed by base pairs attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone,
    according to the United States National Library of Medicine.

    2000s: The 21st century saw the first draft of the human genome completed, leading to a
    greater understanding of DNA. This advanced the study of genetics, its role in human biology
    and its use as a predictor of diseases and other disorders.

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