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    2.ME2033 - P2-Boys Gas Calorimeter

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    aruthlugnesha2001
    The document describes an experiment to determine the higher and lower calorific values of liquid petroleum gas using a Boy's gas calorimeter. The experiment involves measuring parameters like gas volume, pressure, temperature and cooling water properties to calculate the calorific values. Key steps include conducting the experiment at steady state, taking measurements, performing calculations using equations, and comparing results to published data.

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    2.ME2033 - P2-Boys Gas Calorimeter

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    The document describes an experiment to determine the higher and lower calorific values of liquid petroleum gas using a Boy's gas calorimeter. The experiment involves measuring parameters like gas volume, pressure, temperature and cooling water properties to calculate the calorific values. Key steps include conducting the experiment at steady state, taking measurements, performing calculations using equations, and comparing results to published data.

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    The document describes an experiment to determine the higher and lower calorific values of liquid petroleum gas using a Boy's gas calorimeter. The experiment involves measuring parameters like gas volume, pressure, temperature and cooling water properties to calculate the calorific values. Key steps include conducting the experiment at steady state, taking measurements, performing calculations using equations, and comparing results to published data.

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    2.ME2033 - P2-Boys Gas Calorimeter

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    aruthlugnesha2001
    The document describes an experiment to determine the higher and lower calorific values of liquid petroleum gas using a Boy's gas calorimeter. The experiment involves measuring parameters like gas volume, pressure, temperature and cooling water properties to calculate the calorific values. Key steps include conducting the experiment at steady state, taking measurements, performing calculations using equations, and comparing results to published data.

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    ME2033 [Thermodynamics of Heat and Work Transfer Devices] Department of Mechanical Engineering – University of Moratuwa

    DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

    FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
    UNIVERSITY OF MORATUWA

    Batch : 21 Course : BSc Eng Hons

    Session : 2024- S4 Thermodynamics of Heat and Work Transfer


    Module Title :
    Devices
    Module Code : ME - 2033 Laboratory : : Thermodynamics Laboratory

    Practical Code : ME2033-P2 Practical Title : Boy’s Gas Calorimeter

    1. Instructions:

    • Discuss the importance of studying the calorific values of fuels with the group members and the
    instructor.
    • Conduct the experiment and obtain the measurements from the test rig as instructed by the
    instructor while following the safety guidelines.

    2. Introduction:

    The calorific value of a fuel is defined as the energy produced per unit quantity of fuel when it is burned
    at a constant pressure, the combustion products being the same temperature as the reactants (fuel and
    air). If the H2O in the products is condensed, then the higher or gross calorific value (HCV) is
    determined and if the H2O in the products remains in the vapor phase (or corrections are made to this
    effect) then the lower or net calorific (LCV) is determined. Knowing the calorific value is very
    important to select the best fuel for different heat engines.

    3. Learning Objectives:

    To determine the higher and lower calorific values (HCV and LCV) of liquid petroleum gas (LPG).
    Sometimes, HCV and LCV are also referred to as the gross calorific value and the net calorific value.

    4. Apparatus:

    Boy’s gas calorimeter, manometers, thermometers, water circuit, LPG.

    5. Testing Procedure:

    The pressure of the gas is determined by a manometer, while its volume at this pressure and ambient
    temperature are measured in the gas meter. The meter is leveled with three foot-screws and filled with
    water to a fixed level so that the gas passes through the water at a constant pressure. The instrument
    serves as a pressure regulator and gives an even flow of the gas ensuring steady combustion. To ensure
    steady conditions, the observations are made only after the apparatus has been in use for about 30 mins.
    The two-way cup is directed under the exit tube to collect the circulating water and is directed off after
    3 or 4 complete revolutions of the meter pointer. The thermometers are read at regular intervals, the
    water is collected alternatively in two jars, while the total condensation for the whole test is recorded.

    1
    ME2033 [Thermodynamics of Heat and Work Transfer Devices] Department of Mechanical Engineering – University of Moratuwa

    Repeat the experiment with slightly different rates of gas and water flows. Take the measurements and
    readings once the system reaches a steady state condition.

    6. Observations:

    Test No.
    Gas parameters
    Volume of gas
    Gauge pressure
    Absolute pressure
    Inlet temperature
    Exhaust temperature
    Elapsed time
    Corrected volume (27oC, 1.023bar)
    Volume flow rate (27oC, 1.023bar)

    Cooling water parameters


    Volume of coolant
    Elapsed time
    Mass collected
    Inlet temp
    Outlet temp
    Specific heat capacity

    Condensate
    Volume collected
    Elapsed time

    Ambient temperature
    Ambient pressure

    7. Calculations:

    Calculate the HCV and the LCV of the fuel using the following equations respectively.

    𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟


    𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 (𝑎𝑡 270 𝐶, 1.023 𝑏𝑎𝑟)} = { ∗ 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
    ∗ 𝐻𝐶𝑉 ∗ 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟

    2
    ME2033 [Thermodynamics of Heat and Work Transfer Devices] Department of Mechanical Engineering – University of Moratuwa

    (𝐻𝐶𝑉 − 𝐿𝐶𝑉) 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑒


    } = { ∗ 𝐿𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
    ∗ 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

    Where the volume of the fuel used, and the mass of water are measured over the same time interval
    (with the aim of calculating the mass flow rate)

    The latent heat of water at a temperature of 27oC should be used. This may be determined from
    tables.

    8. Results:

    Compare the calculated HCV and LCV values from this experiment vs values obtained from the
    published materials.

    9. Discussion:

    • Why this lab exercise is useful? Where can the results be used in engineering design/industry?
    • Is it correct to use the latent heat of steam at 25oC in calculating the lower calorific value? Why?
    • What are the relative merits of the use of HCV and LCV in power plant thermal efficiency
    definition?
    • Are the calorific values from your measurement using the low and high gas flow rate different
    with the quoted value in the reference material? Why?
    • What can you conclude from this experiment? Can the experiment set-up be used to measure the
    HCV/LCV of other fuels? Why?

    3
    ME2033 [Thermodynamics of Heat and Work Transfer Devices] Department of Mechanical Engineering – University of Moratuwa

    Figure 1: Boy’s Gas Calorimeter

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