Contest 1a

1. A moth tends to be short, stout, and less colorful, whereas a butterfly is

usually long, thin, and brightly colored.
True

2. Moths are more active during the day than Butterflies

False

3. Butterflies usually have larger wings than moths

True
……………………………………………………
Contest 1b
1. A frog can look forward without turning its head
True

2. A frog can look sideways without turning its head

True

3. A frog can look behind without turning its head

True
……………………………..
Contest 2a
State whether the following statements are true or false with respect to a man who
is heterozygous for blood type A and marries a woman who has blood type AB.
1. They cannot have a child who is heterozygous A
False

2. They can have a child who is heterozygous B.

True

3. They stand 50% chance of having a child with blood type A

True
Contest 2b
State whether the following examples of adaptation are true or false.
1. A cactus has a thick cover to hold water
True

2. A plant has green leaves

False

3. A plant grows bright red flowers to attract pollinators

True
…………………………………………
Contest 3a
1. Animals are primary consumers of carbon dioxide.
False

2. The carbon cycle begins with photosynthesis in plants

False

3. Humans are either primary consumers of carbon dioxide or secondary

consumers
False
……………………………………………………………………….
Contest 3b
1. In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two ventricles
that operate in a single circulatory system
False

2. The Ventricles have thicker walls than atria but generatelower blood
pressures
False

3. In mammals, the left ventricle has thicker walls than the right ventricle
True
Contest 4a

1. The inheritance of human blood types is controlled by two alleles

False

2. The inheritance of human blood types is controlled by same alleles

False

3. The inheritance of human blood types is controlled by multiple alleles

True
…………………………..
Contest 4b

1. In terms of surface area, the skin is the third largest organ in the human body
True

2. The thickness of the skin varies considerably over all parts of the body
True

3. The human skin has a high permeability; that is, most foreign substances are
able to penetrate and diffuse through the skin
False
………………………..
Contest 5a
Sate whether the following are true or false about the functions of xylem

1. Conduction of manufactured food

False

2. Reduction of water
False

3. Strengthening the stem

True
Contest 5b
1. Euglena may be classified as a plant because it has a gullet.
False

2. Euglena may be classified as a plant because it possesses a flagellum

False

3. Euglena may be classified as a plant because it lives in a pond

False
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Contest 6a

1. A germinating cowpea seed requires oxygen for converting carbohydrate

into glucose
False

2. A germinating cowpea seed requires oxygen for transporting energy from

part of the embryo to another
False

3. A germinating cowpea seed requires oxygen for the formation of water

molecules within the embryo
False
…………………………….
Contest 6b
1. Bats are the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight
True

2. Although bats may fly like birds, they are actually cold blooded mammals
False

3. Like all true mammals, newly born bats are nourished with milk from their
mothers
True
Contest 7a
1. Bryophytes grow primarily in damp environments but can be found growing
in diverse habitats ranging from deserts, the artic, and high elevations
True

2. Like vascular plants Bryophytes depend on root structures for nutrient

uptake which enables them to survive various environments
False

3. Bryophytes are unique compared to many other plant species in that they
remain in the sporophyte stage for long period
False
…………………………………
Contest 7b
1. The majority of animal species are invertebrates
True

2. The largest number of described invertebrate species are crustaceans

True

3. Invertebrates possess vertebral column which is not derived from the

notochord
False
……………………….
Contest 8a
1. Cyanobacteria were mistaken for algae in the past, so cyanobacterial blooms
are sometimes also called algal blooms
True

2. When phosphates are introduced into water systems, higher concentrations

cause increased growth of algae, insects and plants
False

3. Algal blooms may be observed in freshwater aquariums when fish are

overfed and excess nutrients are not absorbed by plants
True
Contest 8b
1. All ribs are attached to the scapula.
False

2. All ribs are attached to the clavicle

False

3. All ribs are attached to the sternum

False
……………………………………
Contest 9a
1. Enzymes are polymers of fatty acids
False

2. Enzymes are polymers of hexose sugars

False

3. Enzymes are polymers of amino acids

True
………………………….
Contest 9b

1. Hinge joint occurs between the humerus and pectoral girdle

False

2. Pivot joint occurs between the atlas and the axis vertebrae
True

3. Saddle joint occurs between carpels and metacarpels of the thump

True
Contest 10a

1. The ear ossicles transmit sound wave from the inner ear to the ear drum
False (From the ear drum to the inner ear)

2. The incus is the smallest bone in the human body

False (Stapes).

3. The three ear ossicles form a chain of lever extending from tympanic
membrane to inner ear
True
………………………………………………………….
Contest 10b
1. Catalysts differ from enzymes in being proteinaceous
False

2. Catalysts differ from enzymes in having high rate of diffusion

False

3. All known enzymes are catalysts, but not all catalysts are enzymes.
True
………………………………………………….
Contest 11a
1. Antheridia and archegonia are sex organs of spirogyra
False

2. Antheridia and archegonia are sex organs of Mucor species

False

3. Antheridia and archegonia are sex organs of moss plants

True
Contest 11b
4. Feedback inhibition of an enzyme is influenced by the substrate
False

5. Feedback inhibition of an enzyme is influenced by the end product

True

6. Feedback inhibition of an enzyme is influenced by the enzyme itself.

False
………………………….
Contest 12a
1. Compared with the gametophyte of the bryophytes, the gametophyte of
vascular plants tend to be smaller but have larger sex organs
False

2. Compared with the gametophyte of the bryophytes, the gametophyte of

vascular plants tend to be larger with larger sex organs
False

3. Compared with the gametophyte of the bryophytes, the gametophyte of

vascular plants tend to be larger but have smaller sex organs
False
(Smaller with smaller sex organs)
……………………………………………………..
Contest 12b
1. Biochemical oxygen demand in river water remains unchanged when algal
bloom occurs
False

2. Biochemical oxygen demand in river water gives a measure of the amount

fish in the river
False

3. Biochemical oxygen demand in river water decreases when sewage gets

mixed with river water
False (Increases)
Contest 13a
1. The gametophytes of ferns are nutritionally parasitic
False

2. The gametophytes of ferns are nutritionally saprophytic

False

3. The gametophytes of ferns are nutritionally photosynthetic

True
……………………………….
Contest 13b
1. The concentration of DDT fluctuates randomly as it moves up a food chain,
False

2. The concentration of DDT remains constant as it moves up a food chain,

False

3. The concentration of DDT decreases as it moves up a food chain

False (Increases)
…………………………………….
Contest 14a
1. Carbon monoxide emitted by vehicles prevents the transport of oxygen to
body tissues by changing oxygen to carbon dioxide
False

2. Carbon monoxide emitted by vehicles prevents the transport of oxygen to

body tissues by destroying haemoglobin
False

3. Carbon monoxide emitted by vehicles prevents the transport of oxygen to

body tissues by forming a stable compound with haemoglobin
True
Contest 14b
1. Competition is less severe between two distantly related plant species
growing in the same habitat
True

2. Competition is more severe between two closely related plant species

growing in different niches
False

3. Competition is most severe between two closely related plant species

growing in the same habitat
True
……………………………………………..
Contest 15a
1. Chloroplasts use energy from the cell to convert water into carbon dioxide
and water.
False

2. Chloroplast give leaves the green colour

True

3. Chloroplast convert energy from one form to another through photosynthesis

True
………………………………………
Contest 15b

1. Ribosomal RNA is synthesized in the Golgi bodies of the cytoplasm of

eukaryotes
False

2. Ribosomal RNA is synthesized in the nucleus of the ribosomes of

eukaryotes
False

3. Ribosomal RNA is synthesized in the nucleus of the nucleolus ofeukaryotes

False
Contest 16a
1. Fossils can provide evidence of climate change in the world
True

2. For most fossils to form, an organism’s body must be buried in shells.

False (Sediments)

3. The process by which bones turn into stones is known as petrification

True
…………………………………………………
Contest 16b
1. Glycogen can be found mainly in vertebrate lung and kidney cells.
False

2. Glycogen can be found mainly in cells that make up vascular and cardiac
tissue.
False

3. Glycogen can be found mainly in liver and muscle cells

True
……………….
Contest 17a
1. White blood cells are always able to kill pathogens before the pathogens
start to reproduce in the human body
False

2. The circulatory system works with the immune system to prevent and fight
pathogens
True

3. Many white blood cells are produced in blood vessels

False
Contest 17b
1. The direction and the rate of water movement from cell to cell is based on
wall pressure
False

2. The direction and the rate of water movement from cell to cell is based on
turgor pressure
False

3. The direction and the rate of water movement from cell to cell is based on
diffusion pressure deficit
True
……………………………
Contest 18a
1. Molecules can be transported through the plasma membrane by passive
transport
True

2. Molecules can be transported through the plasma membrane by simple

diffusion
True

3. Molecules can be transported through the plasma membrane by active

transport
True
…………………………………………………………….
Contest 18b
1. Redundant DNA is a hybrid DNA from two or more sources
False

2. Plasmid DNA is a hybrid DNA from two or more sources

False

3. Recombinant DNA is a hybrid DNA from only one source

False (two or more sources)
Contest 19a
1. Animals that display radial symmetry are diploblasts.
True

2. The endoderm gives rise to the lining of the digestive tract and the
respiratory tract.
True

3. The mesoderm gives rise to the central nervous system

False
……………………………………..
Contest 19b
1. In vertebrates, the coelom allows muscles to grow independently of the body
wall
True

2. All invertebrates possess a body cavity known as coelom

False

3. The coelom provides a hydrostatic skeleton and also can act as shock
absorber.
True
………………………………..
Contest 20a
1. Ferns and mosses and are found in moist and shady places because both do
not need sunlight for photosynthesis
False

2. Ferns and mosses are found in moist and shady places because both require
the presence of water for fertilization
True

3. Ferns and mosses are found in moist and shady places because both form
ecological associations with organisms that are in such environments
False
Contest 20b
1. The small intestine is the organ where the digestion of protein, fats, and
carbohydrates is completed
True

2. The large intestine is a long tube-like organ with a highly folded surface
containing finger-like projections called the villi.
False

3. Absorption of fatty acids also takes place in the duodenum.

True
………………………………………….
Contest 21a
In a fully turgid plant cell, the wall pressure is zero
False

1. In a fully turgid plant cell, diffusion pressure deficit is zero

True

2. In a fully turgid plant cell, the turgor pressure is zero

False
………………………………………….
Contest 21b
1. In humans, the right ventricle is thicker and longer than the left ventricle
False

2. In humans, the ventricles are thin walled chambers and are separated by thin
inter-ventricular septum
False

3. In humans, the left ventricle receives deoxygenated blood from left atrium
and pumps the blood to aorta.
False
Contest 22a
1. Xylem vessels are unicellular with very narrow lumen
False

2. The tracheids of xylem are unicellular with very wide lumen

False

3. The tracheids of xylem are multicellular with very narrow lumen

False
……………………………………………
Contest 22b
1. Lungs are the main respiratory organs in reptiles.
True

2. All reptiles have a backbone, which means they are vertebrates.

True

3. Reptiles are ectothermic or cold-blooded, which means they cannot control

their own body temperature.
True
………………………………………………….
Contest 23a
1. Phytoplankton serve as the base of the aquatic food web, providing an
essential ecological function for all aquatic life
True

2. The presence of phytoplankton in an aquatic environment is an indication

of high water quality
False

3. The absence of phytoplankton in an aquatic environment is an indication of

the absence of sunlight
True
Contest 23b
1. The liver is the largest lymphatic organ
False (spleen)

2. Like red blood cells, white blood cells travel through veins and vessels
False

3. The lymphatic system is an important part of the respiratory system.

False
………………………………………………..
Contest 24a
1. The hypodermis of the skin protects the underlying organs
True

2. The hypodermis of the skin helps maintain body temperature

True

3. The hypodermis of the skin is a source of blood vessels in the epidermis

False
……………………….
Contest 24b
1. Colourless plastids that are found in storage parenchyma and other
colourless tissues are referred to as leucoplasts.
True

2. Proplastids are small vesicular structures present in meristematic cells

True

3. All plastids containing different coloured pigments are grouped under

chromoplasts
True
Contest 25a
1. Phospholipids are important components of the ring structure of steroids
False

2. Phospholipids are important components of the waxy covering on leaves

False

3. Phospholipids are important components of the double bond in hydrocarbon

chains
False
……………………….
Contest 25b
1. In photosynthesis, the use of RUBISCO to form 3-PGA is described as
carbon fixation
False

2. In photosynthesis the production of carbohydrate molecules from G3P is

described as carbon fixation
False

3. In photosynthesis the use of ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2is described as

carbon fixation
False
……………
Contest 26a

1. The base of the energy pyramid indicates the energy available

within primary producers
True

2. In a food web, the second trophic level consists of secondary consumers

False

3. In an energy pyramid, the width of each bar represents the units of energy
available within each trophic level
True
Contest 26b
1. The Haversian canal is arranged as rods or plates
False

2. The Haversian canal contains the bone’s blood vessels and nerve fibers
True

3. The Haversian canal is responsible for the lengthwise growth of long bones
False
…………………………………………………….
Contest 27a

1. White blood cells can be classified as granulocytes or agranulocytes

True

2. White blood cells can defend the body against bacteria and viruses
True

3. White blood cells are also called leucocytes

True
…………………
Contest 27b
A scientist self-crossed a monohybrid heterozygous F1 generation. Indicate if the
following statements are true or false about the phenotypic ratio of the F2
generation.
1. The F2 generation will be in a ratio of 1:1
False

2. The F2 generation will be in a ratio of 4:0

False

3. The F2 generation will be in a ratio of 3:1

True
Contest 28a
1. Blood in the pulmonary vein is deoxygenated.
True

2. Blood in the inferior vena cava is deoxygenated

True.

3. Blood in the pulmonary artery is deoxygenated.

False
…………..
Contest 28b
1. Mitochondria are organelles in eukaryotic cells that are the site of the Krebs
cycle
True

2. Mitochondria are organelles in eukaryotic cells that produce oxygen as a by-

product of ATP production.
False

3. Mitochondria are organelles in eukaryotic cells that produce ATP by

transferring electrons through electron transport system
True
………………………………………………..
Contest 29a
1. Vesicles and vacuoles are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
False

2. Cell wall is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

True

3. Ribosomes are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

True
Contest 29b
1. The nucleus is a component of the eukaryotic nucleolus
False

2. The nucleolus is formed around specific chromosomal regions and it is made

up of DNA, RNA and associated proteins
True

3. Human muscle cells contain more than one nucleus and red blood cells
contain no nucleus.
True
………………………………………………………
Contest 30a
1. The movement of molecules within and across the cell membrane through
the concentration gradient, without using ATP is called active transport.
False

2. Endocytosis, exocytosis, diffusion and sodium potassium pumps are types of

passive transport
False

3. Oxygen, monosaccharides, water, carbon dioxide, lipids are the few soluble
materials which are transported by active transport
False
………………………….
Contest 30b
1. Adventitious roots can be either underground or aerial.
True

2. Adventitious roots cannot survive in drought and will dry out easily, but
quick in absorbing surface and irrigation water.
True

3. Adventitious root system occurs in both monocots and dicots.

False
Contest 31a
1. Viviparous organisms are known to lay eggs, which can be fertilized or
unfertilized.
False

2. Fertilization in ovoviviparous organisms can be internal or external

True

3. In ovoviviparous organism, the developing embryo receives nutrients from

the egg yolk.
True
…………………………………….
Contest 31b
1. Interfascicular cambium is involved in secondary growth of
monocotyledonous plants.
False

2. Interfascicular cambium is a type of protoderm

False

3. Interfascicular cambium is a type a primary meristematic tissue

False
………………………………..
Contest 32a
1. Estrogen is the type of female hormone which triggers the development and
in function of the secondary sexual characters like mammary glands and
uterus,
True

2. Progesterone, is the hormone which induces the changes like the formation
of the placenta, nurturing the embryo, attachment of the embryo to the
uterine wall during pregnancy
True

3. Progesterone is released by the ovaries before ovulation

False
Contest 32b
1. The carrying capacity of an ecosystem is the number of secondary producers
that an ecosystem can sustainably support.
False

2. When an organism exceeds the environment’s carrying capacity, it is

instantly corrected.
False

3. An ecosystem’s carrying capacity depends on an interplay of many

variables, such as weather, soil type, what food species are available,
False
……………………………………………………..
Contest 33a
1. In the alveolus of humans, water enters the blood and carbon dioxide exits
the blood
False

2. In the alveolus of humans, water enters the blood and oxygen exits the blood
False

3. In the alveolus of humans, Carbon dioxide enters the blood and oxygen exits
the blood.
False
…………………………………….
Contest 33b
1. Amphibians have a three-chambered heart.
True

2. Reptiles have a five-chambered heart, but their ventricle is further divided

through a septum
False

3. Reptiles are one of the cold-blooded animals, and can be oviparous or

viviparous.
True
Contest 34a
1. The tails of the phospholipids of the plasma membrane are composed of
phosphate groups and are hydrophobic
False

2. The tails of the phospholipids of the plasma membrane are composed of

fatty acid groups and are hydrophilic
False

3. The tails of the phospholipids of the plasma membrane are composed of

phosphate groups and are hydrophilic
False
……………………………
Contest 34b
1. When the eyeball gets elongated, there is reduction in the focal length of the
eye lens, resulting in the diversion of the light rays from the surface of the
retina.
True

2. The most common vision problem where closer objects are easy to see,
while further objects are blurry is known as long-sightedness.
False

3. Far-sightedness, also known as hyperopia, is a condition of the eye in which

light is focused behind, instead of on, the retina
True
……………………….
Contest 35a
1. The condition when neither of the alleles is dominant, rather combine and
display a new trait by mixing of the two alleles is called as co-dominance.
False (incomplete dominance)

2. Co-dominance is when there is a blending of the two alleles that results in a

third phenotype that doesn’t look like either of the parents.
False (Incomplete dominance)

3. Cows with the genotype BB are completely black, those with the genotype
WW are completely white, andwhen they are crossed, cows with the
genotype BW have black and white spots across their body. This is an
example of codominance.
True
……………………….
Contest 35b
1. In dicotyledonous roots, epidermis is single layered.
True

2. In dicotyledonous roots the pericycle gives rise to a portion of vascular

cambium that gives rise to secondary vascular tissues and phellogen
True

3. In dicotyledonous roots pith is either small or absent.

True
………………………………
Contest 36a
1. When viewing a specimen through a light microscope in the lab, scientists
use a beam of electrons to distinguish the individual components of cells.
False

2. When viewing a specimen through a light microscopein the lab, scientists

use radioactive isotopes to distinguish the individual components of cells.
False

3. When viewing a specimen through a light microscopein the lab, scientists

use high temperatures to distinguish the individual components of cells.
False
……………………………………
Contest 36b
1. Species with a limited distribution in a particular geographical area are
called endemic
True

2. A keystone species is one that does not influence the structure and function
of an ecological community
False

3. Habitat destruction is the most common cause of loss of biodiversity

True
………………………………………..