A PROPOSED MULTI-STOREY PARKING BUILDING FACILITY

IN CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT OF TARLAC CITY

The study is entitled “A proposed Multi-storey parking building facility in Central Business District
of Tarlac city.” The aim of this study is to brought out the importance of having a parking building in
that location. The place is surrounded by various establishments that are lacking of parking areas
specially F. tañedo st. and M.h delpilar st, thus vehicles are left to park alongside the road which can
cause traffic congestions and unsafe to both the vehicle and the owner. Other than that, vehicle owners
spend time and gasoline in finding a parking space resulting to delay in their transactions.

Recommendation

The present study thereby recommends this proposed three storey parking building to help lessen the
vehicles parking on streets and give vehicle owners lesshassle, more safety and less time finding a
parking space.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE STUDIES

© JUN 2023 | IRE Journals | Volume 6 Issue 12 | ISSN: 2456-8880 IRE 1704751 ICONIC RESEARCH
AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS 967

Proposed Multi-Storey Terminal Parking for PUJs To Alleviate Traffic

Congestion in Plaza Burgos, Guagua, Pampanga
QUIZON, MAY ANNE B.1 , BALUYUT, BRIZHA G.2 , CAPATI, ABY S.3 , GUEVARRA, ANGELA
MARIE A.4 , PEÑAFLOR, WINZHEL LYCA B.5 , SAGMIT, MADILAINE JIN C.6 , BELULIA,
CHRISTIAN MILAN IVAN H7 , CORONEL, CARL JAYSON A.

8 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Department of Civil Engineering, Don Honorio Ventura State University

Abstract— Plaza Burgos in Guagua, Pampanga has high demand for public transportation. However, the
space around it is not large enough to accommodate all vehicles. Having no permanent terminal for PUJs
forced them to park on the road shoulder, which caused the main road to be congested. Conducted Cordon
Volume Counts (CVC) and Short-Term Counts resulted in a low Peak Hour Factor (PHF), indicating
unstable traffic flow within the area. The Black Hole Theory of road investment, also known as Braess’
paradox, states that adding a road to a road network may restrict its flow. The solution is building more
parking lots, such as vertical infrastructures, to provide better facilities and relieve traffic congestion. The
researchers designed a three story terminal car parking conforming to codes in NSCP 2015, UBC 1997,
AISC, and ASEP with the aid of STAAD. The proponents concluded that designing a steel structure for
terminal parking is lightweight, and its structural components improve the structure's sustainability. These
building materials have advantages over other materials, including minimizing weight while maintaining
high mechanical strength, permitting modular pieces, improving quality control, making prefabrication
easier, eliminating moisture-related dimensional changes, and being inexpensive.

Port Harcourt Journal Of History & Diplomatic Studies | www.phjhds.com Vol.7 N0.2 June, 2020

Parking Pattern and Its Impact on Sustainable Urban Development in Akure Metropolis

By Babatope Andrew Ogundare, PhD ,Department of Geography ,College of Education

Ikere Ekiti

Email: ogundare.babatope@coeikere.edu.ng

Phone No: 08060860013 / 08067575508

Abstract

The provision of access and mobility is fundamental to economic and social activities such as agriculture,
manufacturing, commerce, recreation and tourism and the likes. However, parking facilities as an
important component of transportation infrastructure seems to be overlooked in the face of increasing car
ownership and increasing commuting activities which generate enormous parking demand. The paper
examined the parking patterns, problems and their causes in Akure urban with a view to reducing the
challenges. The data used were collected through direct field survey of selected road intersections
covering traffic volume and composition, traffic delay and causes and land use activities. On-street
parking surveys were also carried out along selected roads in the city while off-street parking surveys
were carried out at some selected locations. The analysis of data collected revealed that variations exist in
traffic flows and delays at the studied intersections while parking problems were found to be the greatest
causes of delays at the road intersections followed by traffic control problems in the city. Chi-square
method was employed to measure the relationship between parking demand and parking space capacity
per activity area. The result shows that while parking space demand is very high, the activity areas with
less parking facilities, receives less patronage. The study recommends off-street parking facilities and
discourages on-street parking to reduce traffic congestions and delays at road intersections.
Identifying key determinants for parking management to reduce road traffic congestion for
congested cities - A Structural Equation Modelling approach.

Source: Advances in Transportation Studies . Jul2021, Vol. 54, p143-158. 16p.

Author(s): Ujjwal, J.; Bandyopadhyaya, V.; Bandyopadhyaya, R.

Abstract: Road traffic congestion is a major concern worldwide, particularly in old cities with narrow
roads and mixed land-use. Increased parking demand is one of the major reasons for this problem. As
increasing infrastructure may not be feasible, managing available parking spaces efficiently and designing
measures discouraging personal vehicle use may reduce this problem. This work aims to assess the actual
parking demand-supply gap in a typical congested city of Patna, India and determine the factors important
for reducing this gap. To identify the factors, an exhaustive list of variables were identified from literature
and a structured questionnaire was developed. Perception survey was conducted in 5-point Likert scale
with 203 respondents from Patna using the questionnaire. It contained five variables related to awareness,
four related to ascription of responsibility, six related to social norm for self-driving, eleven related to
parking management and enforcement strategies and eight related to parking pricing effectiveness.
Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted with 120 responses for the five sets of measured
variables to identify the underlying factors. Four behavior measurement factors namely awareness,
responsibility, self-control and social-influence and five management and enforcement factors namely
infrastructure, differential pricing, penalty, general effect and personal effect were identified from EFA.
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted with remaining 83 responses using Structural
Equation Modeling. It could be observed from regression weights and covariance between identified
factors, obtained from CFA, that higher awareness about congestion problems lead to greater willingness
of people to accept responsibility and proactively act to reduce congestion. Thus, awareness programs
will have positive effects in reducing congestion. However, such programs are not likely to improve
acceptability of increased parking pricing. People's willingness to pay will increase with improved
parking facilities in congested places. The proposed survey may be used as a standard questionnaire for
survey in other places.

Designing of Parking Spaces on Parking Taking into Account the Parameters

of Design Vehicles
Miroslava Mikusova 1,* , Jamshid Abdunazarov 2 , Joanna Zukowska 3 and Juraj Jagelcak 1 1 Faculty of
Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, Department of Road and Urban Transport,
University of Zilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Zilina, Slovakia; juraj.jagelcak@fpedas.uniza.sk 2
Faculty of Auto Transport, Department of Land Transport Systems, Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute, Islam
Karimov Avenue 4, 130100 Jizzakh, Uzbekistan; jamshid1986_86@list.ru 3 Faculty of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-
233 Gda ´nsk, Poland; joanna.zukowska@pg.edu.pl * Correspondence: mikusova@fpedas.uniza.sk; Tel.:
+421-949-67-46-41 Received: 9 June 2020; Accepted: 29 July 2020; Published: 5 August 2020

Abstract: Nowadays, in all cities, there is an acute problem of a lack of parking spaces. The number of
vehicles is constantly increasing not only in big cities and megacities, but also in small towns of the
country, and there are not enough parking places—the pace of solving the problem is several times slower
than the growth rate of transport among citizens. The paper is dedicated to the determination of an
optimal size of a parking place for design vehicles in a parking space as an element of roads. In the
example of passenger cars and trucks, the optimal number of parking places is presented. The results of
the research on the dimensioning of parking spaces serve as recommendations and can be used for the
design of objects of transportation infrastructure. According to the research, authors introduce the term
“design vehicle” and provide its definition. They also figure out optimal parameters for each design
vehicle and recommend a special template for designing parking places. Keywords: passenger car; truck;
auto train; trajectory; parking space; software AutoTURN; vehicle turning

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Rationale of the Study

Parking building is a building designed for car parking and where there are anumber of floors or levels
on which parking takes place. It is essentially a stacked car park. It is a parking space inside a building
intended for short-term storage for vehicles.The design of a multilevel parking garage can be very
different. The most commondesign is a garage with ramps to move from one level to another. Less
common are parking garages that use lifts to go from level to level. Parking building applies
multipleaccess and exit system to avoid traffic congestion in and out of the building. (Khairunnur,2016)
There are two main reasons why parking is an important part of the transportation system: first, every
starting and end of a cars trip is a parking lot. Secondly, 95% of the car’s lifetime is spend on parking. The
Philippines have experienced a substantial growth that led to the increase in demand for residential,
commercial and office spaces.This improvement in growth invited more vehicles that produced a sudden
needfor more parking spaces and for parking policies. The lack of well-organized andauthorized off-
street parking facilities causes illegal parking on the carriageway thusresulting in traffic chaos,
congestion delay and accidents due to on street parking. Asmore number of vehicles increase the lack of
parking spaces also increases