DHANALAKSHMI SRINIVASAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

ECR, MAMALLAPURAM, CHENNAI-603 104

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK(REG 2013)

SUBJECT: Resource Management Techniques

SUBCODE: CS6704
SEM/YEAR: IV/VII

UNIT-I
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
PARTA
1. Define operation research.
2. Discuss the origin and development of operations research with a suitable classification.
3. Define model.
4. List the steps of modelling.
5. Discuss the scope or applications of operations research.
6. What is the necessity of operations research in industry?
7. How operation research is used in decision making? List the advantages.
8. List the phases of operation research.
9. Define following terms. i) Solution ii) Feasible solution iii) Optimum solution iv)
Degenerate solution v) Basic solution vi) Unbounded solution
10. Explain the term. i) Non negative restrictions ii) Objective function iii) Feasible region
11. What are basic & non basic variables?
12. State the formulation of simplex method.
13. What is degeneracy in case of LPP?
14. What are the two forms of a LPP?
15. What do you mean by standard form of LPP?
16. What do you mean by canonical form of LPP?
17. What are the limitations of LPP?
18. What are the slack and surplus variables?
19. What is meant by decision variable?
20. Define artificial variable.
21. What are the methods used to solve an LPP involving artificial variables?
22. How sensitivity analysis can be carried out?

PART-B
1. Under what condition is it possible for an LPP to have more than one optimal solution?
What do these optimal solution represent?
2. What is unbound solution, and how does it occur in graphical method?
3. (a) Explain the scope of OR.
(b) List the phases of OR and explain them.
 4. (a) A company manufactures two products A and B. Each unit of B takes twice as long to
produce as one unit of A and if the company were to produce only A it would have time
to produce 2000 units per day. The availability of the raw material is sufficient to
produce 1500 units per day of both A and B combined. Product B requiring a special
Ingredient only 600units can be made per day. If A fetches a profit of Rs.2 per unit and
B a profit of Rs.4 per unit, Formulate the optimum product min.

(b)A paper mill produces 2 grades of paper namely X and Y. Because of raw material restrictions, it cannot
produce more than 400 tonnes of grade X and 300 tonnes of grade Y in a week. There are 160 production hours
in a week. It requires 0.2 and 0.4 hours to produce a ton of products X and Y respectively with corresponding
profits of Rs.200 and Rs.500 per ton. Formulate the above as a LPP to maximize profit and find the optimum
product mix.

5. (a) A company produces 2 types of hats. Every hat A require twice as much labor time as
the second hat be. If the company produces only hat B then it can produce a total of 500
hats a day. The market limits daily sales of the hat A and hat B to 150 and 250 hats. The
profits on hat A and B are Rs.8 and Rs.5 respectively. Solve graphically to get the
optimal solution.
(b) Use Graphical method to solve the following LP problem
Maximize Z= 15x1+10x2
Subject to the constraints:4x1+6x2≤360
3x1+0x2≤180
0x1+5x2≤200 ; x1, x2≥0
6. Use simplex method to solve the following
LPP Maximize Z = 4x1+10x2
Subject to the constraints
2x1+x2≤ 50,
2x 1+5x2≤ 100,
2x 1+3x2≤ 90,
x 1, x2 ≥0
7. Solve the following problem by simplex method
Minimize Z = x1-3x2+2x3
Subject to the constraints
3x1-x2+2x3 ≤ 7, -
2x1+4x2≤ 12, -
4x1+3x2+8x3 ≤ 10,
x1, x2, x3 ≥0
8. Apply Simplex method to solve the LPP.
Maximize Z = 3X1 + 5X2 Subject
to the constraints
3X 1 + 2X2 ≤ 18
0 ≤ X1 ≤ 4, 0 ≤ X2 ≤ 6
9. Use simplex method to solve the LPP.
Maximize Z = 4X1 + 10X2
Subject to the constraints
2X 1 + X2 ≤ 50
2X 1 + 5X2 ≤ 100
2X 1 + 3X2 ≤ 90 and X 1, X2 ≥ 0.
10. Apply graphical method to solve the following
LPP. Maximize Z = 3X1 + 4X2
Subject to the constraints
X 1 + X2 ≤ 450
2X 1 + X2 ≤ 600
X 1, X2 ≥ 0.

11. Consider example and solve it by simplex method and generate the optimal table.
Maximize Z=6X1+8X2 Subject to constraints
5 X1+10X2 ≤ 60
4X1+4X2 ≤ 40
X1 and X2 ≥ 0
Carry out sensitivity analysis under following conditions:
(a). if the right-hand side constants of constraint 1 and constraint 2 are changed from 60 and 40
to 40 and 20, respectively.
(b). if the right-hand side constants of the constraints are changed from 60 and 40 to 20 and 40
respectively.

12. (a). A firm manufactures two types of products A and B and sells them at profit of Rs 2 on
type A and Rs 3 on type B. Each product is processed on two machines M1 and M2.Type A
requires 1 minute of processing time on M1 and 2 minutes on M2 Type B requires 1 minute
of processing time on M1 and 1 minute on M2. Machine M1 is available for not more than 6
hours 40 minutes while machine M2 is available for 10 hours during any working day.
Formulate the problem as a LPP so as to maximize the profit.
(b). Write the Procedure for solving Linear Programming Problem using Simplex Method.

UNIT-II
DUALITY AND NETWORKS
PART-A
1. What is Dual Simplex method?
2. State the feasibility and optimality condition in dual simplex method.
3. What is two phase method?
4. State the algorithm of two-phase method.
5. State the formulation of duality problem.
6. Define Big M Method.
7. Define transportation problem.
8. Define feasible and basic feasible solution.
9. Provide a definition for optimal solution in transportation problem.
10. Write the methods used in transportation problem to obtain the initial basic feasible
solution.
11. Can you provide the basic steps involved in solving a transportation problem?
12. What do you understand by degeneracy in a transportation problem?
13. What is balanced transportation problem & unbalanced transportation problem?
14. How do you convert an unbalanced transportation problem into a balanced one?
15. Explain how the profit maximization transportation problem can be converted to an
equivalent cost minimization transportation problem.
16. Define transshipment problems.
 17. What differences exist between Transportation problem & Transshipment Problem?
18. What is assignment problem?
19. Define unbounded assignment problem and describe the steps involved in solving it.
20. Describe how a maximization problem is solved using assignment model.
21. What do you understand by restricted assignment? How do you overcome it?
22. How do you identify alternative solution in assignment problem?
23. Illustrate the traveling salesman problem.
24. Can you say how a minimization problem is solved using assignment model?
25. Can you propose which method is best for finding initial basic feasible solution in
transportation problem?
26. Show the mathematical formulation of assignment model.
27. What is the shortest path problem?
28. Give some practical applications of the shortest path problem.
29. What is minimum spanning problem? What are its practical applications?
30. State maximal flow problem and give its practical applications.

PART-B
1. Solve the following LP problem using dual simplex method:
Minimize Z=X1+2X2+3X3
Subject to
2X1-X2+X3 ≥ 4
X1+X2+2X3 ≤ 8
X2-X3 ≥ 2 X1,X2
and X3 ≥ 0
2. Write the dual of the following LP
problem: Minimize Z=3X1-2X2+4X3
Subject to
3x1+5x2+4x3≥7
6x1+x2+3x3≥4
7x1-2x2-x3≤10
X1-2x2+5x3≥3
4x1+7x2-2x3≥2
X1,X2 and X3≥0
3. Use Big M method to
Maximize Z = 3x1+2x2
Subject to the constraints
2x1+x2≤ 2,
3x 1+4x2≥ 12,
x 1, x2 ≥0

4. Convert the following problem in dual problem & solve by Simplex Method
Maximize (Z) = 300x1+400x2
Subject to Constraints 5x1+4x2≤200
3x1+5x2≤150
5x1+4x2≥100
8x1+4x2≥80
x1 , x2≥0

5. Explain Transportation problem? Explain degeneracy in transportation problem.

6. Explain in detail ‘Stepping stone method’ for transportation problem with illustration.
7. Explain the steps used to solve transportation problem using MODI method.
8. What is unbalanced transportation problem? Does any extra cost required to considered in
case of such type of problem?
9. Write down the steps of North West Corner Method for solving transportation problem.
10. Explain with example how Initial Basic Feasible Solution for transportation problem using
Least Cost Method.

11. Explain the steps of Vogel’s Approximation Method with example.

12. Solve by North West Corner Method
Warehouses Supply
W1 W2 W3 W4
Plants
P1 6 2 6 12 120
P2 4 4 2 4 200
P3 13 8 7 2 80
Demand 50 80 90 180 400
13. What are Assignment problems? Describe mathematical formulation of an assignment
problem?
14. Enumerate the steps in the “Hungarian Method” used for solving assignment problem.
15. A departmental head has four subordinates and four task for completion. The subordinates
differ in their capabilities and tasks differ in their capabilities and tasks differ in their work
contents and intrinsic difficulties. His estimate of time for each subordinate and each task is
given the matrix below
Tasks Subordinates
I II III IV
Processing Times (Hrs.)
A 17 25 26 20
B 28 27 23 25
C 20 18 17 14
D 28 25 23 19
How should the tasks be assigned to minimize requirements of man-hours?
16. Consider the assignment problem as shown in the following table. In this problem, 5 different
jobs are to be assigned to 5 different operators such that the total processing time is
minimized. The matrix entries represent processing times in hours. Solve the example using
Hungerian method.
 Operator
1 2 3 4 5
1 10 12 15 12 8

Job 2 7 16 14 14 11
3 13 14 7 9 9
4 12 10 11 13 10
5 8 13 15 11 15
17. Explain the steps of the following algorithms:
(a). Dijkstra’s algorithm (b). Floyd’s algorithm (c). PRIM algorithm (d). Kruskal’s algorithm
18. Explain the matrix method for the maximal flow problem with an example.

19. Consider the details of a distance network as shown below:

Arc Distance Arc Distance
1-2 8 3-6 6
1-3 5 4-5 8
1-4 7 4-6 12
1-5 16 5-8 7
2-3 15 6-8 9
2-6 3 6-9 15
2-7 4 7-9 12
3-4 5 8-9 6
a. Construct the distance network.
b. Find the shortest path from node 1 to node 9 using the systematic method.
c. Find the shortest path from node 1 to node 9 using Dijkstra’s algorithm.
20. Consider the details of a distance network as shown below:
Arc Distance
1-2 3
1-3 8
1-4 10
2-3 4
2-4 7
3-4 2
3-5 8
4-5 6
a. Construct the distance network.
b. Apply Floyd’s algorithm and obtain the final matrices, D5and P5.
c. Find the shortest path and the corresponding distance for each of the following :
(i) from node 1 to node 5
(ii) from node 2 to node 5.
21. Consider the details of a distance network as shown below:
Arc Distance Arc Distance
1-2 6 5-6 13
1-3 7 5-8 9
1-4 10 6-7 5
2-3 8 6-8 4
2-5 4 6-9 8
3-4 6 6-10 3
 3-5 11 7-9 10
3-6 3 8-10 10
3-7 5 9-10 9
4-7 7
a. Construct the distance network.
b. Find the minimum spanning tree using PRIM algorithm.
c. Find the minimum spanning tree using Kruskal’s algorithm.

UNIT-III
INTEGER PROGRAMMING
PART-A
1. What do you mean by integer programming problem?
2. What are the applications of zero-one integer programming?
3. Define a mixed integer programming problem.
4. Differentiate between pure and mixed IPP.
5. What are the methods used in solving IPP?
6. Explain Gomorian constraint (or) Fractional Cut constraint.
7. Where is branch and bound method used?
8. What is dynamic programming?
9. Define the terms in dynamic programming: stage, state ,state variables
10. Give a few applications of DPP.
11. State Bellman’s principle of optimality.
12. What are the advantages of Dynamic programming?
13. Explain the importance of the L.P.P.
14. Explain the importance of Integer programming problem.
15. Illustrate some of the applications of IPP.
16. Can you provide various types of integer programming?
17. What is Zero-one problem?
18. Why not round off the optimum values instead of resorting to IP?
19. What is cutting Plane method?
20. What do you think about search method?
21. Write about Branch and Bound Technique.
22. Construct the general format of IPP.
23. Write an algorithm for Gomory’s Fractional Cut algorithm.
24. What is the purpose of Fractional cut constraints?
25. A manufacturer of baby dolls makes two types of dolls, doll X and doll Y. Processing of
these dolls is done on two machines A and B. Doll X requires 2 hours on machine A and 6
hours on Machine B. Doll Y requires 5 hours on machine A and 5 hours on Machine B.
There are 16 hours of time per day available on machine A and 30 hours on machine B. The
profit is gained on both the dolls is same. Format this as IPP?
26. Explain Gomory’s Mixed Integer Method.

PART-B
1. Solve the following mixed integer programming problem by using Gomory’s cutting plane
method.
Maximize Z = x1+x2
Subject to the constraints
3x1+2x2≤ 5,
x2≤ 2
x1, x2 ≥0 , x1 is an integer
2. Find an optimum integer solution to the following LPP.
Maximize Z = x1+2x2
Subject to the constraints
2x2≤ 7,
x1+x2≤ 7
2x 2≤ 11
x1, x2 ≥0 , x1, x2 are integers

3. Solve the following integer programming

problem. Maximize Z = 2x1+20 x2-10x3
Subject to the constraints
2x1+20x2+4x3 ≤15,
6x 1+20x2+4x3 =20,
x 1, x2, x3 ≥0 and are integers
4. Solve the following all integer programming problem using the Branch and bound method.
Minimize Z = 3x1+2.5x2
Subject to the constraints
x1+2x2≥20,
3x 1+2x2≥ 50 and x1, x2 are nonnegative integers
5. Use Branch and Bound technique to solve the following.
Maximize Z = x1+4x2
Subject to the constraints
2x1+4x2≤ 7,
5x1+3x2≤15
x1, x2 ≥0 and are integers
6. A student has to take examination in three courses X,Y,Z. He has three days available for
study. He feels it would be best to devote a whole day to study the same course, so that he
may study a course for one day, two days or three days or not at all. His estimates of grades
he may get by studying are as follows.

Study X Y Z
0 1 2 1
1 2 2 2
2 2 4 4
3 4 5 4
How should he plan to study so that he maximizes the sum of his grades?
7. The owner of a chain of four grocery stores has purchased six crates of fresh strawberries.
The estimated probability distribution of potential sales of the strawberries before spoilage
differ among four stores. The following table gives the estimated total expected profit at each
store when various number of crates are allocated to it. For administrative reasons, the owner
does not wish to split crates between stores. However, he is willing to distribute zero crates to
any of his stores. Find the allocation of six crates to four stores so as to maximize the
expected profit.
 Number of Stores
crates
0 0 0 0 0
1 4 2 6 2
2 6 4 8 3
3 7 6 8 4
4 7 8 8 4
5 7 9 8 4
6 7 10 8 4

8. Use dynamic programming to solve the following LPP.

Maximize Z = x1+9x2
Subject to the constraints
2x1+x2≤25
x 2≤11, x1, x2 ≥0

UNIT-IV
CLASSICAL OPTIMISATION THEORY
PART-A
1. Discuss the different types of nonlinear programming problems.
2. Explain the application areas of nonlinear programming problems.
3. State the Lagrangean model.
4. What is Newton Ralphson method?
5. State the equality constraints.
6. Define Jacobean method.
7. State the Kuhn-Tucker conditions.
8. What is bordered Hessian matrix? Give an example.

PART-B
1. Solve the following non linear programming problem using Langrangean multipliers method.
Minimize Z=4X12+2X22+X32-4X1X2
Subject to
X1+X2+X3=15
2X1-X2+2X3=20
X1,X2 AND X3 ≥0
2. Solve the following non linear programming problem using Kuhn-Tucker conditions.
Maximize Z=8X1+10X2- X12-X22
Subject to
3X1+2X2≤6
X1 and X2≥0
3. State and explain the Lagrangean method and steps involved in it with an example.
4. Explain the Kuhn-Tucker method and steps involved in it with an example.
5. Explain the Newton-Raphson method in detail and justify how it is used to solve the non
linear equations.
6. What is Jacobian method? Explain the steps how Jacobian matrix is generated.
 UNIT-V
OBJECT SCHEDULING
PART-A
1. Write difference between PERT Network & CPM Network.
2. Write a note on ‘activity and critical activity’.
3. What do you mean by project?
4. What are the three main phases of project?
5. What are the two basic planning and controlling techniques in a network analysis?
6. Write down the advantages of CPM and PERT techniques.
7. Differentiate between PERT and CPM.
8. Define network.
9. What do you mean Event in a network diagram?
10. Can you write about activity & Critical Activities?
11. Define Dummy Activities and duration.
12. Explain Total Project Time & Critical path.
13. What is float or slack?
14. Classify Total float, Free float and Independent float?
15. Can you list the characteristics of Interfering Float?
16. Define Optimistic time.
17. Show and define Pessimistic time.
18. How do you calculate most likely time estimation?
19. What is a parallel critical path?
20. Distinguish standard deviation and variance in PERT network?
21. Give the difference between direct cost and indirect cost.
22. What is meant by resource analysis?

PART-B
1. Critically comment on the assumptions on which PERT/CPM analysis is done for projects.
2. A project schedule has the following characteristics
Activity 0-1 0-2 1-3 2-3 2-4 3-4 3-5 4-5 4-6 5-6
Time 2 3 2 3 3 0 8 7 8 6
(i). Construct Network diagram.
(ii). Compute earliest time and latest time for each event.
(iii). Find the critical path. Also obtain the Total float, Free float and slack time and
Independent float.
3. Draw a network for the following project and number the events according to Fulkerson’s
rule:
A is the start event and K is the end event.
A precedes event B.
J is the successor event to F.
C and D are the successor events of B.
D is the preceding event to G.
E and F occur after event C.
E precedes event F.
 C restraints the occurrence of G and G precedes H.
H precedes J and K succeeds J.
F restraints the occurrence of H.
4. A project has the following time schedule:
Activity Predecessor Optimistic Time Most Likely Pessimistic
A - 4 4 10
B - 1 2 9
C - 2 5 14
D A 1 4 7
E A 1 2 3
F A 1 5 9
G B,C 1 2 9
H C 4 4 4
I D 2 2 8
J E,G 6 7 8
Construct PERT network diagram and find the expected duration and variance of each
activity. Find the critical path and expected project completion time.
5. What is critical path analysis? What are the areas where these techniques can be applied?
6. What is the significance of three times estimates used in PERT?