MEGA-GUARD Ship Automation Systems

Engineering Guide

MEGA-GUARD
PRODUCT
TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTION
OWS/ PCU / SPC/ PMS
BMS / PCM

ENGINEERING GUIDE

MEGA-GUARD Ship Automation System

Title: Engineering Guide Date: 8 May 2014

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1 TABLE OF CONTENT

1 TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................................................... 2

2 ABOUT THIS MANUAL ................................................................................................................. 7

3 OPERATOR WORK STATION SETUP OVERVIEW ..................................................................... 8

3.1 CONFIGURATION....................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 BASIC NETWORK LAYOUT .......................................................................................................... 8
3.3 W INDOWS FILE SHARING SECURITY .......................................................................................... 9
3.4 W INDOWS XP TO 7 CONNECTION .............................................................................................. 9
3.5 CONNECTING SHIP NETWORK TO MEGA-GUARD NETWORK....................................................... 11
3.6 W IFI CONNECTION TO SHIP PC AND MEGA-GUARD .................................................................. 11
3.7 INTERNET CONNECTION TO SHIP PC AND MEGA-GUARD........................................................... 12
4 PAL CHANNEL SETUP ............................................................................................................... 14
4.1 GENERAL SETUP INFORMATION ............................................................................................... 15
4.1.1 The Tree Area .................................................................................................................. 16
4.1.2 The SETUP Area ............................................................................................................. 17
4.2 CHANNEL, TABLE, NUMBERING................................................................................................ 17
4.2.1 Channel Numbering ......................................................................................................... 17
4.2.2 Interface with 1131 application code ............................................................................... 18
4.2.2.1 PAL 1131 channel list .......................................................................................................... 18
4.2.2.2 Functions in 1131 ................................................................................................................. 18
4.2.3 Table Numbering ............................................................................................................. 19
5 PAL1131 SET-UP......................................................................................................................... 20
5.1 PAL1131 OVERVIEW.............................................................................................................. 20
5.1.1 Startup menu tools ........................................................................................................... 20
5.1.2 Menu and toolbar ............................................................................................................. 20
5.1.3 View ................................................................................................................................. 21
5.1.4 Project .............................................................................................................................. 22
5.1.5 Environment options ........................................................................................................ 23
5.1.5.1 Projects ................................................................................................................................ 24
5.1.5.2 Editing .................................................................................................................................. 24
5.1.5.3 Colors ................................................................................................................................... 24
5.1.5.4 Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................................... 25
5.1.5.5 Compiler ............................................................................................................................... 25
5.1.6 Global settings ................................................................................................................. 26
5.1.6.1 Communications .................................................................................................................. 26
5.1.6.2 User interface ....................................................................................................................... 26
5.1.6.3 Update.................................................................................................................................. 27
5.2 EXAMPLE NEW PROJECT – START_STOP ............................................................................. 27
5.2.1 Example Project diagrams ............................................................................................... 27
5.2.2 Create a project ............................................................................................................... 28
5.2.2.1 New file ................................................................................................................................ 29
5.2.2.2 Project name ........................................................................................................................ 29
5.2.3 Global variables ............................................................................................................... 31
5.2.3.1 Global variable list ................................................................................................................ 31
5.2.3.2 Replace, Remove ................................................................................................................. 33
5.2.4 Program ........................................................................................................................... 33
5.2.5 Task ................................................................................................................................. 35
5.2.6 Save project in XML file ................................................................................................... 37
5.2.7 Compilation ...................................................................................................................... 37
5.2.7.1 Error and warnings ............................................................................................................... 37
5.2.8 Save and close the project .............................................................................................. 38
5.3 LIBRARY TIMERS ............................................................................................................... 39
5.3.1 Delayed switching ............................................................................................................ 39
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5.3.2 Open existing project ....................................................................................................... 40

5.3.3 IEC_61131 standard library ............................................................................................. 40
5.4 EXTENSION OF START_STOP PROJECT ................................................................................ 42
5.4.1 Declare and use variable of Type TON and TOF ............................................................ 42
5.4.1.1 Auto complete ...................................................................................................................... 43
5.4.2 Individual declaration of global variable ........................................................................... 43
5.4.3 Project report ................................................................................................................... 44
5.4.3.1 Sorting .................................................................................................................................. 45
5.4.3.2 HTML report file ................................................................................................................... 46
5.5 PROJECT SIMULATION...................................................................................................... 46
5.5.1 Run PAL1131Sim simulator ............................................................................................. 47
5.5.2 Simulator window ............................................................................................................. 48
5.5.3 PAL1131 Simulation menu .............................................................................................. 49
5.5.4 Simulation Toolbar ........................................................................................................... 49
5.5.4.1 Start, stop and pause ........................................................................................................... 49
5.5.5 Variable list ...................................................................................................................... 50
5.5.6 Variable views (individual windows) ................................................................................ 51
5.5.7 Group panels ................................................................................................................... 52
5.5.8 Program options............................................................................................................... 53
5.6 EXAMPLE PROJECT RTC CLOCK ............................................................................................. 55
5.6.1 Problem description ......................................................................................................... 55
5.6.2 Analog input ..................................................................................................................... 56
5.6.3 RTC project ...................................................................................................................... 56
5.6.4 Simulation ........................................................................................................................ 58
5.7 USER–DEFINED LIBRARY ................................................................................................. 58
5.7.1 Library as a project .......................................................................................................... 58
5.7.2 New project ...................................................................................................................... 59
5.7.3 FB_AVERAGE ................................................................................................................. 60
5.7.4 FB_PULSE....................................................................................................................... 61
5.7.5 Library export ................................................................................................................... 63
5.8 TESTING ................................................................................................................................ 66
5.8.1 Simulation ........................................................................................................................ 67
5.8.2 Library extension ............................................................................................................. 67
5.9 1131 ST LANGUAGE OVERVIEW ....................................................................................... 67
5.9.1 IEC 61131-3 standard ...................................................................................................... 67
5.9.1.1 Programming languages ...................................................................................................... 67
5.9.1.2 Language components ......................................................................................................... 67
5.9.1.3 POU units ............................................................................................................................. 67
5.9.1.4 Configuration elements ........................................................................................................ 68
5.9.1.5 Structure of POUs ................................................................................................................ 68
5.9.1.6 Identifiers (names) ............................................................................................................... 68
5.9.1.7 Data types and variables ...................................................................................................... 68
5.9.2 Programming in ST .......................................................................................................... 72
5.9.2.1 Programs, function blocks and functions .............................................................................. 72
5.9.2.2 ST language statements ...................................................................................................... 72
5.9.2.3 ST language operators ......................................................................................................... 74
5.9.2.4 Single–dimensional arrays ................................................................................................... 74
5.9.2.5 Functions.............................................................................................................................. 75
5.9.3 FUNCTION BLOCK LIBRARIES ..................................................................................... 78
5.9.3.1 IEC_61131 library ................................................................................................................ 78
5.9.3.2 Basic_blocks library ............................................................................................................. 79
5.9.3.3 System blocks ...................................................................................................................... 82
5.10 SUPPLEMENTS .................................................................................................................. 83
5.10.1 Correcting variable list ................................................................................................. 83
5.10.2 Filling empty areas ...................................................................................................... 84
5.10.3 Marks ........................................................................................................................... 84
5.10.4 Errors, warnings, hints ................................................................................................. 85
5.10.5 Compiler directives ...................................................................................................... 86
5.10.6 Simulation session....................................................................................................... 86
5.10.7 Save results ................................................................................................................. 87
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5.10.8 PAL1131 files .............................................................................................................. 88

5.11 SOURCE CODES OF STANDARD BLOCKS ...................................................................... 88
6 MIMIC PAGES (GRAPHICS) ....................................................................................................... 91
6.1 CREATE MIMIC ....................................................................................................................... 91
6.1.1 Graphic Editor .................................................................................................................. 91
6.1.1.1 Graphic Editor Background Information ............................................................................... 92
6.1.1.2 Graphic Editor Pull Down Menu: .......................................................................................... 92
6.1.1.3 Graphic Editor Toolbars: ...................................................................................................... 93
6.1.1.4 Graphic Editor Dynamic Information .................................................................................... 95
6.1.1.5 Pick action dialogs ............................................................................................................... 99
7 PAL SETUP ................................................................................................................................ 102
7.1 GROUP PAGES ..................................................................................................................... 102
7.1.1 General Settings ............................................................................................................ 102
7.1.2 Logging .......................................................................................................................... 102
7.1.2.1 Compact flash logging ........................................................................................................ 103
7.1.3 Trending ......................................................................................................................... 104
7.1.4 Add / Delete Channels ................................................................................................... 104
7.2 JOB AND LANGUAGE ............................................................................................................. 105
7.2.1 General Settings ............................................................................................................ 105
7.2.2 Client Texts .................................................................................................................... 105
7.3 PASSWORDS ........................................................................................................................ 106
7.3.1 Main Screen Privileges .................................................................................................. 106
7.3.2 Channels / Average Lay-Out Privileges ......................................................................... 108
7.3.2.1 Privilege Level ‘0’ ............................................................................................................... 108
7.3.2.2 Privilege Level ‘1’ ............................................................................................................... 109
7.3.2.3 Privilege Level ‘2’ ............................................................................................................... 111
7.3.2.4 Privilege Level ‘3’ ............................................................................................................... 111
7.4 PRINTERS ............................................................................................................................ 112
7.4.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 112
7.4.2 Printers – Alarm Log ...................................................................................................... 114
7.4.3 Printers - Periodic Log ................................................................................................... 114
7.4.4 Printers – Order Log ...................................................................................................... 116
7.5 REMOTE DATA ..................................................................................................................... 116
7.5.1 XP setup ........................................................................................................................ 117
7.5.1.1 General module setup ........................................................................................................ 117
7.5.1.2 Communication settings ..................................................................................................... 118
7.5.1.3 Add and delete XP’s and Modules ..................................................................................... 119
7.5.2 DIN type XP table setup ................................................................................................ 120
7.5.2.1 General settings ................................................................................................................. 121
7.5.2.2 Miscellaneous Table .......................................................................................................... 123
7.5.2.3 I/O Module setup ................................................................................................................ 124
7.5.2.4 Channel setup general ....................................................................................................... 124
7.5.2.5 Digital Input Channel Setup................................................................................................ 125
7.5.2.6 Analog Input Channel Setup .............................................................................................. 132
7.5.2.7 Pulse Input Channel Setup................................................................................................. 143
7.5.2.8 Average Channel Setup ..................................................................................................... 152
7.5.2.9 Digital Output Channel Setup ............................................................................................. 154
7.5.2.10 Analog Output Channel Setup............................................................................................ 156
7.5.2.11 Virtual Channels Setup....................................................................................................... 158
7.5.3 Conversion Tables ......................................................................................................... 161
7.5.3.1 Conversion Table setup ..................................................................................................... 161
7.5.3.2 Adding and Deleting Conversion Tables ............................................................................ 161
7.5.3.3 Conversion Table Setup ..................................................................................................... 162
7.5.4 Status Text ..................................................................................................................... 163
7.5.4.1 Digital Input Alarm Channels Status Description ................................................................ 163
7.5.4.2 Digital Input / Output Status Channels Status Description ................................................. 164
7.5.4.3 Analog and Pulse Input Alarm Channels Status Description .............................................. 164
7.5.4.4 Analog and Pulse Input Status Channels Status Description ............................................. 165
7.6 DIAGNOSTICS ....................................................................................................................... 166
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7.6.1 System Diagnostics ....................................................................................................... 166

7.6.2 I/O Module diagnostics .................................................................................................. 166
7.6.2.1 Earth fault detection ........................................................................................................... 167
7.7 PERMISSIONS ....................................................................................................................... 168
7.7.1 Permissions - Fieldbus .................................................................................................. 168
7.7.2 Permissions – General .................................................................................................. 168
7.7.3 Permissions – Client ...................................................................................................... 168
7.8 MENU INTERFACE ................................................................................................................. 169
7.9 MASTER CLOCK INTERFACE ................................................................................................... 170
7.9.1 Master clock hardware connection and protocol ........................................................... 170
7.9.2 Master clock configuration ............................................................................................. 170
7.9.3 Master clock pulse rate and error conditions ................................................................. 172
7.10 SPECIAL FUNCTIONS............................................................................................................. 173
7.10.1 Show Changes .......................................................................................................... 173
7.10.2 Check Database ........................................................................................................ 173
7.10.3 Print Labels ................................................................................................................ 174
7.10.4 Calc Processor Load ................................................................................................. 174
7.10.5 Split/Merge Database ................................................................................................ 175
7.10.6 Channel Cross Reference List .................................................................................. 175
7.10.7 Document Database .................................................................................................. 176
7.11 SYSTEM PARAMETERS .......................................................................................................... 177
7.11.1 General Settings ........................................................................................................ 177
7.11.2 Diagnostics General Texts ........................................................................................ 178
7.11.3 Clustering .................................................................................................................. 178
7.11.4 Display Conversion.................................................................................................... 178
7.11.5 Engineering Units ...................................................................................................... 181
7.11.6 Horns ......................................................................................................................... 182
7.12 HOUR COUNTERS ................................................................................................................. 183
7.12.1 WARNING ................................................................................................................. 185
7.12.2 CAUTION .................................................................................................................. 185
7.12.3 General Settings ........................................................................................................ 186
7.13 EXTENSION ALARM SYSTEM .................................................................................................. 186
7.13.1 Hardware Interface Signals ....................................................................................... 187
7.13.2 Extension Alarm System General Setup ................................................................... 188
7.13.2.1 EAS text setup ................................................................................................................... 188
7.13.2.2 General Engineer Alarm / Deadman Alarm Setup .............................................................. 190
7.13.2.3 Cabin Page Setup .............................................................................................................. 192
7.13.2.4 Mess room page setup ....................................................................................................... 195
7.13.2.5 LOP Setup.......................................................................................................................... 195
7.13.2.6 LOP node number setup .................................................................................................... 198
7.13.2.7 LED Panel Setup ................................................................................................................ 198
7.13.3 Attended / unattended switching confirmation .......................................................... 199
7.13.3.1 Along side / Sailing setting ................................................................................................. 200
7.13.4 Watch entrance unit................................................................................................... 200
7.13.4.1 Attended mode ................................................................................................................... 201
7.13.4.2 Unattended mode ............................................................................................................... 201
7.13.4.3 Automatic Start of the Deadman Timer with an alarm ........................................................ 201
7.13.4.4 Engineer Calling with Engineers Name Indication .............................................................. 202
7.13.4.5 Header Line of the LOP...................................................................................................... 202
7.13.5 Language Packs for the EAS Panel and Alt Font Support ........................................ 204
8 DOCUMENTATION WITH DOCGEN ......................................................................................... 204
8.1 USING DOCGEN ................................................................................................................... 204
9 ALT LANGUAGE FOR EAS AND TFT PANELS ...................................................................... 208
9.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ........................................................................................................ 208
9.2 LANGUAGE PACKS ................................................................................................................ 208
9.2.1 Generating CJK Language Packs ................................................................................. 208
9.3 FOR TFT ............................................................................................................................. 208

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9.3.1 PAL1131G ..................................................................................................................... 208

10 NETWORK CONFIGURATION .................................................................................................. 211
10.1 REDUNDANT NETWORK PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION .................................................................. 211
10.2 INITIALIZATION WITH REDNETWORK.EXE ................................................................................. 212
10.2.1 Change Rednetwork configuration ............................................................................ 213
10.2.2 Configure IP settings of Windows ............................................................................. 214
10.3 THE ICON ON THE TASKBAR ................................................................................................... 215
10.3.1 The popup menu ....................................................................................................... 216
10.4 THE STATUS INFORMATION DIALOG........................................................................................ 216
10.4.1 System management dialog ...................................................................................... 217
10.5 EVENT LOGGING AND TROUBLE SHOOTING ............................................................................. 218
10.5.1 Event logging ............................................................................................................. 218
10.5.2 Error status table ....................................................................................................... 219
10.5.3 Problems & solutions ................................................................................................. 219
11 WORKSTATION CONFIGURATION ......................................................................................... 220
11.1 CLIENT PROPERTIES............................................................................................................. 220
11.1.1 Group Access ............................................................................................................ 220
11.1.2 Permissions ............................................................................................................... 221
11.1.3 Show .......................................................................................................................... 223
11.1.4 Printing ...................................................................................................................... 224
11.1.5 Demand Log Groups ................................................................................................. 225
11.1.6 Clustering .................................................................................................................. 226
11.1.7 Dimming .................................................................................................................... 227
11.1.8 Miscellaneous ............................................................................................................ 228
11.1.9 Set Channel Ack Groups ........................................................................................... 229
11.2 BUTTON CONFIGURATION ...................................................................................................... 230
11.3 MIMIC CONFIGURATION ......................................................................................................... 231
11.4 KEY ASSIGNMENT ................................................................................................................. 232
12 DOCUMENT INFORMATION ..................................................................................................... 233

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2 ABOUT THIS MANUAL

This manual describes the information to be used for the engineer to set-up a MEGA-
GUARD Ship Automation System. This system can be configured according
requirements for a specific vessel. These requirements can be configured
beforehand during the engineering phase and on board of the vessel using an OWS
(Operating Work Station).

The manual is split up in chapters for the configuring different aspects of the system.
The chapter “General Channel Setup” describes how I/O points can be configured.
Chapter “PAL1131” describes how value processing calculations can be
programmed. Chapter “Mimic Setup” describes how user interface via graphical
screens (graphical pages or mimics) can be drawn and configured. Chapter
“Documentation with DocGen” explains how documentation can be created from the
data in the configuration. Finally the chapter “Network Configuration” explains how
the different Work Stations can be configured.

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3 OPERATOR WORK STATION SETUP OVERVIEW

3.1 Configuration
An engineer can configure a Mega-Guard Ship Automation System with a pointing
device and a normal PC compatible keyboard connected to any Workstation of the
system. The system can also be configured "Off-line" on any standard PC running
Windows 7 operating system. The Mega-Guard SET-UP information is stored in an
MS-ACCESS compatible database and configuration files.

3.2 Basic network layout

Mega-Guard System peripherals consist of Operator Work Stations (OWS) that are
connected to Control Processors (XP) via Ethernet. The Control Processors are
connected to I/O Modules via CanBus. The hardware input and output points are
connected to the I/O Modules.

Up to 24
WS 1 WS 2 WS n

RSTP SWITCH RSTP SWITCH

Up to 99
XP 01 XP 02 XP n

IOM IOM IOM

IOM IOM IOM

Up to 8

IOM IOM IOM

Up to 25
LOP 01 LOP 02 LOP n

Figure 1: System Schematic Overview

Local Operator Panels (LOP) of the EAS are also connected to the Work Stations via
Ethernet. Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) switches are used to make Ethernet
redundant. Each XP is connected to the other via a chain of Ethernet cables that
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form a loop. RSTP is used to find the best route for the information to be transferred
to the server which is running on an OWS.

3.3 Windows File Sharing Security

The folder shares that are available for other PC’s to connect to is secured using
name and passwords:
Read only usage:
User name: readonly
Password: 0
Full Read/Write usage:
User name: readwrite
Password: 5255
The MPC Administrator user also has password 5255.
These Administrator account is already created. To create the readonly account
please follow these steps:

 Go to: Start – Administrative Tools – System Tools – Local Users and

Groups
 Click on the ‘Users’ folder
 Right click somewhere in the right part of the screen. (drop-down menu
will show)
 Fill in a user name and password and set the checkboxes “User cannot
change password” and “Password never changes”.

See also these screen shots:

3.4 Windows XP to 7 connection

To allow Windows XP to connect to Windows 7 the several settings must be
changed. These are the steps to change them:
1. Go to 'Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network and Sharing Center'
2. click 'Change advanced sharing settings'
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3. Check these settings:

 Network Discovery: Turn on (Is default setup)
 File and printer sharing: Turn on (Is default setup)
 Public folder sharing: Turn on (Is default setup)
 Media sharing: Leave as default setup.
4. Correct these settings (Not default setup):
 Password protected sharing: Turn off password protected sharing
 HomeGroup connections: Set to “Use user accounts and passwords to
connect to other computers”

For step 4, also see these screen prints:

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3.5 Connecting Ship network to Mega-Guard Network

Under some conditions it may be desired to connect the network of the ship to the
Mega-Guard network. On this manner log files can be copied from Mega-Guard
server workstation. Via tablet or PC on the ship network with Mega-Guard installation
it is possible to monitor the Mega-Guard system.

Take precautions! Connecting Ship network to one or more Mega-Guard

MPC’s can also make way for virus and other malware to infect Mega-Guard

workstations. To prevent this enable the firewall and do not browse the web
on Mega-Guard MPC.

In the following figure is displayed how a ship LAN switch can be connected to the
Mega-Guard system.

VNC: Virtual Network Computing protocol for remote view of MPC display
Configuration
 Install a VNC viewing (server) application on the VNC MPC with default
settings. Installation of software package TightVNC is recommended.
 Install a VNC viewing application on the pc that is used for remote viewing. Also
here, TightVNC is recommended.
 Configure the IP address of the MPC on the viewing PC, preferably with easy to
understand text label (such as “MEGA-GUARD”)

The VNC software is installed with default settings. VNC uses port 5800. Passwords
for administration and using the viewer should be entered special per project / per
vessel.

3.6 Wifi connection to Ship PC and Mega-Guard

To connect wireless devices such as tablets or laptops to Mega-Guard the following
setup can be used:

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VNC: Virtual Network Computing protocol for remote view of MPC display
WiFi: Wireless network routing device

The number of WIFI routers depends on the locations where you require access to
the system. Generally one WIFI access point per room is advised.
Configuration
 Install a VNC viewing (server) application on the VNC MPC with default
settings. TightVNC is preferred and delivered.
 Install a VNC viewing application on the tablet.
 Configure the IP address of the MPC on the tablet, preferably with easy to
understand text label (such as “MEGA-GUARD”)

3.7 Internet connection to Ship PC and Mega-Guard

It is possible to view the Mega-Guard system via Internet using the MPC with VNC.
This PC has a view only Mega-Guard Client installed as described in previous
paragraph. Using the VNC remote display connection on this PC will enable Mega-
Guard connection via internet. The layout can be as displayed here:

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VNC: Virtual Network Computing protocol for remote view of MPC display
Shipview: Central contact for PC with viewer and MPC with VNC display

Configuration
 On MPC used for remote access, switch on the Windows firewall. Then test
internet connection by giving ping command to shipview.praxis-autmation.nl:

ping shipview.praxis-automation.nl

 Install a VNC viewing (server) application on the VNC MPC with default
settings. TightVNC is preferred and delivered.
 Enable Local Loopback on VNC MPC.
 Include batch file with this command in startup:

plink.exe -C -v -l vnc -pw praxis5255 -N

-R 0.0.0.0:xxxx:127.0.0.1:5900 shipview.praxis-automation.nl

This command must be on 1 line. The xxxx must be replaced with a unique number
for this ship within the range 5901..5999
 Install a VNC viewing application on the pc used via internet (outside of the
vessel)
 Also on this PC, configure the address “shipview.praxis-automation.nl” with the
unique number xxxx, preferably with easy to understand text label (such as
“MEGA-GUARD”)
 The connection from the ship network to internet is made via Satellite modem. It
does not require Mega-Guard software. Enable the Windows firewall and do
not use a web browser on the MPC with VNC to prevent virus or control
takeover from internet.

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4 PAL CHANNEL SETUP

Several set-up levels are available (refer to paragraph 7.3 Passwords, page 106)
each with their own password. The engineer set-up level is level 0. By entering the
appropriate username and password, the set-up is entered with the corresponding
level.
When F12 (SET-UP) is pressed the following appears on the screen:

If the User Name and Password is correct the system will show the User Name and
privilege level on the Status Bar on the bottom of the screen.
Example below indicates the reaction of the system when a wrong password is
supplied.
After 3 seconds the system will display the default page (usually ALARM PAGE).
The SET-UP key must be pressed anew:

The default username is an empty string and the default password is '0' for the
engineer level (level'0'). In this document the engineer level (level '0') is described.
You can enter set-up when the correct password is entered (default '0'). The system
will clear the screen and the following is displayed (operator levels allow restricted
set-up):
When the SET-UP program is closed the system will return to the default page
(usually ALARM PAGE).
In case of bad input the system will show an error message.

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4.1 General Setup Information

In the next image the PAL is displayed:

The following general rules apply to such a configuration page. The easiest way to
maneuver between the different items and fields on the screen is by using a pointing
device like a Trackball or a mouse, however setup can be performed by using the
following keys on a QWERTY keyboard.

 Setup can only be performed by the use of an QWERTY keyboard

The items:
 Switching between the Tree Area and the Set-up area can be done by
sing the key F6 on the QWERTY keyboard or by a left click on the area
with the pointing device.
 Selecting pull down menus from the Menubar can be done by pressing the
Alt key together with the letter key which is underline in the menu bar. Or
by a single left click on the menu item. To move the focus back to either
the Tree Area or the Set-up area press the TAB key on the keyboard or
left click on the area.
 Selecting the items from the Button Toolbar can only be performed with
the pointing device, by a left click on the button. Of course all items of the
Button Toolbar can also be selected via the pull down menus from the
Menubar.

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4.1.1 The Tree Area

 In the Tree Area you can select the different maps by using the arrow keys
or by a single click from the pointing device. If a map is closed it is shown
as follows and if a map has a symbol on the left, it indicates that there
are setup items within this map, which are not shown at this moment. If a
map is open it is shown in the following way if such a map has a
symbol on the left it, the setup items are shown in the tree.
 To open the map you can double left click on it with the pointing device or
with a single left click on the symbol. If the map has no symbol you
can not open this map. Opening a map from the keyboard can be done by
pressing the + sign when the map is selected.
 To close map you can double left click on the open map symbol or by a
single left click on the symbol. Closing a map from the keyboard can be
done by pressing the - sign when the map is selected.
 Adding setup items to a map (when applicable) can be done by a right
click with the pointing device or by pressing the context menu key on
the keyboard when the map is selected. With this action a context menu
will appear and you can select insert to add a setup item.
 Selecting the item and pressing the Delete key on the keyboard will delete
setup items in a map.

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4.1.2 The SETUP Area

Field

Checkbox
Group of fields

 The set-up area is a form with several fields to define the set-up of the
system. To go to the next field or group of fields use the 'TAB' key. To go
to the previous field with use the 'Shift'+TAB' key. Within a group of fields
you can use the arrow keys to go from one field to another field in that
group. With 'Enter' you go to the next field and validate (modified) data.
 The checkbox can be changed by a single left click with the pointing
device or by pressing the SPACE-Bar on the keyboard.
 Enter a new value by just typing from the keyboard.
 (Use 'Esc' at any time to restore a field to its former value, i.e. the value
before selecting the field.)
 For each form context sensitive help will be available.
 Fields, which can be modified, are shown in white. Fields, which cannot be
modified, are grayed out and will be bypassed.

4.2 Channel, Table, Numbering

4.2.1 Channel Numbering

All channels have a 5 digit number XPBCC:

XP = Processor number (1..99)
B = I/O Module number (0..8)
CC = Channel number (0..99)
E.g.: the 21st I/O channel on module 4 on processor 3 is 03421, the 2nd channel on
module 5 on processor 21 is 21502.
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When a channel is required as a set-up parameter:

 Enter the full 5-digit number for an absolute reference, i.e. the channel
may be located on the same or another module.
 For channels the automatic assigned tag name can be entered instead of
the channel number.

4.2.2 Interface with 1131 application code

4.2.2.1 PAL 1131 channel list

To interface with the 1131 code the PAL 1131 channel list must be configured. In this
list a channel is connected to an 1131 variable:

The 1131 Variables can have names according iec61131-3{ed2.0}. These names
must start with a character, may contain numbers and underscores ‘_’, but no spaces
or other characters. A lowercase name is different then an uppercase name: C001 is
not the same as c001. To prevent making mistakes it is advised to always use
uppercase.

4.2.2.2 Functions in 1131

Functions are optional. Once the 1131 editor has started formula’s can be entered
directly. Small applications can be made this way. Functions can be used to organize
larger applications. Functions must be named according iec61131-3{ed2.0}.
Re-using functions to other processors can be done in 2 ways:
1. Copy the function from one XP to the next XP.
2. Put the function in a library.
For more information about programming in 1131 please check the official IEC 1131
document: iec61131-3{ed2.0}.

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4.2.3 Table Numbering

All tables have a 2 digit number CC:

CC = table number
E.g.: the 15th table on an XP is 15, the 2nd table on an XP is 02.

When a table is required as a set-up parameter:

 Enter the number for a reference, i.e. the table will be located on the same
module where the set-up resides.

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5 PAL1131 SET-UP

5.1 PAL1131 Overview

5.1.1 Startup menu tools

PAL1131 starts automatically if Launch PAL1131 is selected during installation. Start
menu or desktop icon trigger standard startups.

Nonstandard startups with additional parameters can be executed

 from directory in which PAL1131 is installed. Otherwise error of loading
external modules appears.

The startup displays PAL1131 interface window whose left part will present project
tree, middle one program code, and bottom part compiler messages.

5.1.2 Menu and toolbar

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Menu and toolbar functionality are typical for Windows.

File Menu Edit menu

Some of the items remain inactive until a project is open. Print prints project report
and source codes (print preview has not been implemented yet.) Copy and Paste,
besides standard text operations, handle items from project tree (POU units, global
variables, etc.). Find looks for text written in the toolbar cell.

5.1.3 View
Press Alt+0 to get quickly to project tree, Alt+1 to program window, and Alt+2 to
message list.

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5.1.4 Project
The option handles final stages of the project. Build compiles open project or its
element. Clear removes intermediate files created automatically during compilation,
leaving only two necessary (.xml, .xmc; see Supplements). Simulator and hardware
configurer can be run after compilation. Item adds, removes, etc. project elements.

Export, Import deal with libraries (.lcp) or external files with ST programs (.cst). Tools
edit list of global variables, present compilation report, and open project folder in
Windows explorer.

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Contents of the last three options look as follows:

Tools Window Help

Tools configure environment, determine global settings, and run compiler, simulator
and configurer standalone for working with external files (.cst, .dcp, .dcp or .xmc).
Window arranges interface. Help accesses programming instruction, information
materials with function, function blocks, and notes For advanced users. It also
indicates whether PAL1131 has been updated.

5.1.5 Environment options

Configuration window with a few tabs is displayed:

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5.1.5.1 Projects
Path to a file with Virtual Machine specification (runtime) is provided. Use… option
must remain selected (default) for single task VM. Optimization level 1 is normal (ev.
see For advanced users).

The tab also indicates which libraries should be automatically imported into new
projects. Button [+] adds library from Libraries folder. Button [-] removes selected
library.

5.1.5.2 Editing

Single and Double colorable modes show keywords in different colors. Single
(default) provides additional autocomplete help to finish names of variables,
functions, etc. (Supplements). Auto synchronization… unifies names of the same
elements in different parts of the project.

5.1.5.3 Colors
Scheme of editor colors, text attributes, etc., together with example of colored code,
is shown below.

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5.1.5.4 Miscellaneous
Size of Recent files list is determined. Bold characters distinguish active project for
selected POU. Ask, or not, before opening the stored report in default browser.
Replace Virtual Machine specification file by default (from Projects tab). For a global
variable the project tree may show type, addresses and comment.

5.1.5.5 Compiler
Align addresses avoids overlapping of variables. C++ type comments and nested
comments may be accepted.

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5.1.6 Global settings

They affect two PAL1131 programs, i.e. compiler and simulator. Selection of Global
settings (in Tools) opens PAL1131 package configuration window with three tabs.

5.1.6.1 Communications
PC port for communication with the controller is configured according to
Communication settings. If the controller is connected via USB, Windows Device
manager determines port number. SMC controller settings define controller number
for PC and parameters for communication with distributed I/O modules or other field
devices. The 8N1 mode denotes 8 data bits, odd parity (N) and 1 stop bit.

5.1.6.2 User interface

Interface language of PAL1131 package is chosen

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5.1.6.3 Update
The tab determines configuration to check whether new version of PAL1131 has
appeared on the update server.

Passwords of the update and proxy users are not encoded so should be

erased after checking the update.

5.2 Example New Project – START_STOP

The objective is to turn a motor on and off. Sample control diagrams are shown
below.

5.2.1 Example Project diagrams

Function block diagram:

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Ladder diagram:

START, STOP and ALARM inputs are acquired by the controller from binary input
module. MOTOR output is sent from the controller to binary output module. The
following addresses are assigned to variables.

START 0000 MOTOR 0008

STOP 0001
ALARM 0002

The adjacent three addresses indicate that START, STOP and ALARM will be read
in one command or message. All signals correspond directly to hardware, so they will
be declared as global variables.

The START_STOP system can also be implemented by means of RS


flip–flop, with START connected to S input and STOP plus ALARM to R.

5.2.2 Create a project

First open a new folder, e.g. START_STOP, for all files of the project. Steps
executed by PAL1131 are then as follows:
1. Create a new file
2. Give name to the project
3. Declare global variables
4. Enter the program
5. Declare task
6. Compile the program
7. Save the source code in XML file
8. Close the project
Entering the program may precede declaration of variables. Closing the project saves
all files in the project folder including binary code (.xcp) and data file (.dcp) for
simulator and configurer.

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5.2.2.1 New file

Use menu: File > New (Ctrl+N) or keys Control + N

Alternatively you can select in the toolbar.

5.2.2.2 Project name

The project is given the name START_STOP entered in Project properties window.
In Project tree > Select the project (NoName0)
Project properties can be opened in four ways:
1) Right Trackball button / Context menu > Properties :

2) In Menu: Project > Options :

3) In Menu: Project > Item > Properties :

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4) Keyboard: Alt + Enter

Enter the name and eventually fill other information cells of Project properties
(created and compiled are filled automatically). The name must be correct identifier in
ST, so without spaces inside or digits at the beginning (see ST language overview).

After OK the new name appears in the project tree.

The contents of Version, Manager and Company cells will be downloaded to the
controller together with the program. By reading it back you can always find out what
program is executed.

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5.2.3 Global variables

Global variables can be used in all programs of the project. Fore ways of declaration
are available:
1) Global variable list
2) Add channels to PAL1131 Connection list
3) Individual declaration of each variable
4) VAR_GLOBAL declaration before the program.
The first way is most common. Individual declarations are described in the next
section. VAR_GLOBAL before program, requires changes of a few options (see For
advanced users).

5.2.3.1 Global variable list

Open the list in one of two ways:
1) Select Global variables (project tree) > Context menu >
Edit variable list

2) Project > Tools > Global variables

In following dialog an empty list is displayed:

 Name and Type

The group consists of variables of the same type with adjacent addresses, so
START, STOP and ALARM here. Names are entered in Name cell, Type selected
from drop–down list or typed in (type first characters, press the arrow ↓ and the editor
will match the rest).

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 STRING, USINT, UINT, UDINT and ULINT types are not implemented yet.

 Address
Selection of Address option automatically fills the cell with first unoccupied address,
so 0000 here. For types other than BOOL, the address begins with the sign % and
size prefix (ST language overview). If Address is not selected, the variables are
located automatically.

Setting the address is optional and demonstrated here for example usage. If

your project does not require specific address usage, leave this option empty.

 Constant, retain
Attribute CONSTANT declares a variable which does not change during program
execution, and RETAIN a variable whose last value is kept in memory despite power
failure.

 Initial value
If the option is not selected, the variable is set initially to default value (usually zero).
For RETAIN variable the initial value applies for cold start only (i.e. after downloading
the program). In case of warm restart (power resumed), the last value kept in
memory is used. Non RETAIN variables are set to initial values both during cold start
and warm restarts.

 Comment
Text from the cell is displayed in the project tree and in auto-complete hints
(Ctrl+space).

 Add
Pressing the button fills the list with declared variables. If the Address option is not
selected, text auto appears in the last column.

 OK closes the window. START, STOP and ALARM appear in Global variables
section of the project tree.

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The variables involve type, physical and logical addresses (or auto) and comment.

 MOTOR variable
It could not be declared in the previous group since its address is not adjacent
(0008). Select Address and enter 0008 instead of initial 0003.

After Add and OK, MOTOR shows up in the project tree.

5.2.3.2 Replace, Remove

Selecting a variable in the list recreates its name, type and attributes in the upper
cells. To make corrections, enter new data and press Replace. Remove deletes
selected variable. Selection of a few variables (Shift or Ctrl) recreates only those
parameters which are the same. New entry and Replace makes change in all
selected variables.

The PAL1131 package provides first free address for the group being
declared, but does not check whether the whole group fits into the area

before variables placed further down (if any). In case of collision the
overlapping variables are shown in red.

5.2.4 Program
Name of the program is entered in Program properties window.
Program name and preview
Select the project > Context menu > Add item > Program

The window can also be opened by:

 Select POU > Context menu > Add > Program
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Enter program name, here PRG_START_STOP (initial PRG is left to distinguish

program from the project). Due to Auto synchronization of project names
(Environment options) the name appears simultaneously in the line 001 of the code
field.

 OK. The project tree involves PRG_START_STOP in POU section.

 Double click PRG_START_STOP.

The program window in edit mode is displayed (Automatically unlock window for
editing).

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 Enter the code

Code of PRG_START_STOP is shown below. VAR_EXTERNAL declarations
indicate that the global variables START, STOP, ALARM and MOTOR are used in
the program. Body involves single assignment statement with expression
corresponding to control diagrams at the beginning.

While entering the code, functionally different elements are shown in different colors
and ev. bold. The editor is equipped with a number of useful shortcuts
Supplements).

 The code can also be entered in Program properties window.

Preview vs. editing

Program and other elements of the project may be inspected in preview mode,
protected against modifications. Preview is activated by:
Select the program > Project > Item > Lock (Ctrl+D)

Return to edit mode is similar.

Project > Item > Unlock (Ctrl+E)

5.2.5 Task
Single task is available in the current version of PAL1131. Name of the task and
programs are declared in Task properties window.
 Select the project > Context menu > Add item > Task

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 Task name and type. Cycle time

Fill appropriate cells, i.e. with TSK_START_STOP, Cyclic and 200 ms here. As soon
as possible means that the next execution begins immediately after completing
previous one (so–called PLC mode).

Select PRG_START_STOP from Available programs and with upper buttons transfer
it to Executed programs.

OK, TSK_START_STOP appears in Tasks section of the project tree.

Programs stored in linked libraries (if any) appear in Available


programs. A program repeated in Executed programs is executed more often.

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5.2.6 Save project in XML file

New project must be saved in XML file before compilation. Recall that the
START_STOP folder has been opened at the beginning for all files of the project.
Current code is saved in Start–Stop.xml file in that folder.

File > Save (Ctrl+S) or

XML extension is provided automatically in Windows XP.

5.2.7 Compilation
The program is compiled to universal executable code in binary format for virtual
machine (runtime).
 Select the project (or any element of it) > Project > Build (F6)

Message window shows compilation results:

Global variables declared without addresses obtain physical addresses seen in the
project tree, in parentheses. Logical addresses are still denoted by auto.

5.2.7.1 Error and warnings

Error is indicated by red cross with corresponding description. Double click the
description and program code is displayed with cursor in the line with the error (most
probably). Errors caused by other reasons than violation of ST syntax are indicated
at the beginning (line 0 or -1).

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Yellow ”road” sign indicates warnings. For instance; if ALARM were assigned the
address 0001 (as STOP) then following warning would appear.

Double click the warning to open Global variable properties individual window for
ALARM.

The address must be replaced and accepted.

Group correction of global variable list is also possible (Supplements).

5.2.8 Save and close the project

The project is saved both in binary format (.xcp) and semi–compiled form (.dcp) for
simulation and hardware configuration. Some intermediate files are also saved.
 Select the project > File > Save (Ctrl+S)
 File > Close
PAL1131 – closing the project window is displayed with Save changes question and
information on file location.

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The question is asked even if no changes have been made (see For advanced users
to remove it).

The START_STOP project will be extended in the next section, so it is closed


here solely for demonstration.

5.3 LIBRARY TIMERS

5.3.1 Delayed switching

The START_STOP system will be extended by turning a pump on and off 5 seconds
after the motor. The IEC 61131–3 standard defines a set of function blocks including
three timers. Two of them will be used here:
TON – on–delay
TOF – off–delay
Input/output symbols, types and time diagrams are shown below.

Let the instances of TON and TOF be declared as ON_DELAY and OFF_DELAY.
The former program will be extended by statements implementing cascade
connection of the following blocks.

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The PUMP signal will be sent to the same binary output module as MOTOR, so its
logic address is 0009.

5.3.2 Open existing project

File > Open (Ctrl+O) or

Find START_STOP folder and open Start_Stop.xml file.

The project tree appears in interface window.

5.3.3 IEC_61131 standard library

The timers TON, TOF are stored in PAL1131 IEC_61131 library (linked to the project
by Environment options > Projects).

Library content is displayed by unfolding the tree (above) or opening Library

properties window.
Select IEC_61131 library > Context menu > Properties

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 Time of the last compilation of the library is given in Version.

Buttons
− selects a library (transfers to Libraries folder)
− reverses selections of all objects
− shows declaration of selected object
− reverses selections of function blocks
− as above, for programs, functions and global variables
respectively.

The button is active only while exporting or importing the library (Project >
Export/Import > Library).

Timers TON, TOF

Remove selections of other blocks than TON, TOF.

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Compiler links only those objects which are selected.

5.4 Extension of START_STOP project

5.4.1 Declare and use variable of Type TON and TOF

The PRG_START_STOP program will be extended and variable PUMP declared.
Program
Double click the program PRG_START_STOP in the project tree.
Supplement the code with:
– declarations of the instances ON_DELAY, OFF_DELAY
– declaration of the use of global variable PUMP
– statements corresponding to the cascade connection of the blocks and assignment
to PUMP.

Optional directives (*$READ*), (*$WRITE*) assure ”read–only” and ”write–only”

properties of declared variables. Input/output structure of function block can be
recalled as tip in the project tree, or in the main window by selecting the block and
clicking Enter.

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The two lines 18, 19 in the program code can be replaced by single

one by using internal assignment Q=>PUMP.

5.4.1.1 Auto complete

Name of type, function, variable, etc. may be automatically completed after writing at
least one character, but only if the project at current stage has been compiled to
acquire the names (Build). Pressing Ctrl + space generates list of names with the
same beginning.

New global variable

Select Global variables > Context menu > Edit variable list
Fill in upper cells and press Add.

Compilation
 Select START_STOP project
 Project > Build

5.4.2 Individual declaration of global variable

The variable PUMP can be also declared individually, what may be more convenient
sometimes.
Two methods are available:
1) Select START_STOP project > Context menu > Add item > Global variable
2) Select Global variables > Add variable
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Upper part of Global variable properties window should be filled in as before, lower
part is updated automatically.

Recall that this window is also used to correct overlapping addresses.

 After OK the project tree is supplemented with PUMP.

5.4.3 Project report

From menu choose:
Project > Tools > Report

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Full name column involves variable names preceded by project name (also in case of
tasks).

5.4.3.1 Sorting
Initial order of variables in the report corresponds to declarations. This may be
changed by clicking header of a column what shows the sign of increasing or
decreasing sorting. Depending on the column, the sorting may be either alphabetic or
numeric. The first one is shown below.

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5.4.3.2 HTML report file

Click Save to file in the previous window to save the report in HTML format.

Project save
 File > Save (Ctrl+S)

The window indicating the path is not called up now since location of the file

has been determined already (previous Save).

5.5 PROJECT SIMULATION

The purpose is to check operation of the project before final implementation. Both
off–line and on–line tests can be carried out.

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5.5.1 Run PAL1131Sim simulator

Three ways are available:
1) PAL1131 menu: Project > Run simulator
2) PAL1131 menu: Tools > Simulator
3) Start

2) PAL1131 menu: Tools > Simulator

3) Start menu: PAL1131 > PAL1131Sim

The first way is used directly after compilation (Project > Build), what creates .dcp file
read automatically by Pal1131Sim. The next two ways require opening the .dcp file
from PAL1131Sim window.

Open file for simulation

 File > Open DCP file or (PAL1131Sim menu or toolbar, see below)

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If the project has been simulated already and session data saved, the

question “Do you want to open saved session as well?” is displayed.

5.5.2 Simulator window

The window consists of two parts:
– variable tree
– view area

The variable tree differs a little from the project tree before. The view area presents
initially the list of global variables or collection of individual windows for such
variables (also called variable views). Panels for groups of variables or additional lists
can also be placed in the view area. Scroll bars provide access to components
outside (if any).

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5.5.3 PAL1131 Simulation menu

File Trace

View Tools Window

Simulation session data can be saved in a file to repeat it later. Trace controls
PAL1131Simulation operation, so starts or stops it reads (Supplements) or logs
variables, and selects data source, i.e. either Simulator (off–line) or Modbus–SMC
(on–line). Window > Arrange places individual windows side–by–side.

5.5.4 Simulation Toolbar

5.5.4.1 Start, stop and pause

 Trace > Start or
Simulation begins from initial values of variables (as first start after downloading
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the program into the controller). View area shows the results.

Bottom bar indicates simulation progress.

Trace > Stop or
This corresponds to power brake in real controller, so last values of RETAIN
variables are saved.
Another Trace > Start or
Warm restart after power brake is simulated, so RETAIN variables are set to last
values and non–RETAINs to initial.
Pause or resume trace
Simulation stops and resumes without any change of variable values.
Trace > Cold start or
This represents cold start, so simulation begins from initial values of all variables (as
first start after downloading).

5.5.5 Variable list

Enter value or variable
– Select corresponding cell
– Click for editing
– Enter new value, press Enter

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Values after 5 seconds since 1 has been entered for START are shown below.
MOTOR and PUMP are turned on.

Add variable
Select variable in the tree, drag it to the list and drop (keeping pressed left key of the
mouse).
Remove variable
Select line > Context menu > Remove

5.5.6 Variable views (individual windows)

Add view
– Select variable in the tree.
– View of the variable can be opened in three ways:
1) Drag–and–drop the variable in view area.
2) Menu: View > Variable view.
3) Context menu: Variable view.
Variable view for MOTOR is shown below.

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New values are entered in the same way as in the list.

Close view, Click
Additional information on variable
Click to show lower part of the variable view, with type, address and full name.

5.5.7 Group panels

Two kinds of group panels are available:
– control panels
– variable lists.
Variable lists look the same as the list of global variables before. Panels with control
elements are created as follows:
View > Group panel or
Panel properties window is displayed.

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Enter name, select Control elements, press OK.

Empty panel with the name (INPUTS) appears in the view area.

Fill in the panel with appropriate variables by drag–and–drop from the tree. Panel
grows automatically. Boolean variables are represented by rectangles, variables of
other types by text cells.

Panel in trace mode

Colors of rectangles depend on values. Click the rectangle to reverse value.

5.5.8 Program options

Selecting Tools > Program options opens the window with four tabs.

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Session
The option Open global variable view automatically opens either the list (default) or
collection of individual windows. The number of such windows may be limited for
large projects. The question “Do you want to open saved session as well?” asked at
the beginning is dropped if the option Always open SCP session file … is selected.
Open variable views in advanced mode opens lower parts of individual windows.

Input file
The tab defines .inp file for simulation controlled automatically (Supplements). Path
to the file can be chosen by pressing or entered directly.

Output file
Simulation results may be recorded in .out file (default name as project file name). If
the file exists already, its content may be overwritten or appended.

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Data source
The tab is equivalent to Tracking > Data source in the menu, so it selects either off–
line simulation or on–line commissioning (for SMC controller). Communication
parameters can be checked by pressing Configure.

5.6 Example project RTC Clock

5.6.1 Problem description

Temperature in an apartment must be kept at given level SP (Set Point), higher
during the day, e.g. 22 C, lower at night, 18 C. Actual temperature PV (Process
Variable) is measured by analog input. If SP>PV, heating furnace is turned on by
Control Variable CVF (CV Furnace) from binary output, and if SP>PV the furnace is
turned off. However, to avoid frequent switching, the furnace can be turned on again
only if the temperature PV drops below SP by at least 0.5 C (hysteresis). Circulation
pump, controlled by the output CVP (CV Pump), is turned on all time during the day,
and at night when the furnace is on and between the hours 23.00 and 1.00, no matter
whether the furnace is on or off (the day is understood as the period between 6.00
and 20.00).

 Sample diagrams

T = Temperature, F=Furnace, P=Pump

 Control system
The controller CNT measures the temperature PV and controls the furnace and
pump by the outputs CVF, CVP. It also communicates with PC computer, which:
– sets the set point SP,
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– monitors the variables PV, CVF, CVP.

Temperatures at the controller side are denoted by SP, PV and at PC side by SP_,
PV_ (different formats).

5.6.2 Analog input

Temperature in the range 0...100°C is measured by a transmitter with voltage output
0...10V. A/D converter converts the voltage to REAL number PV in 0.0…10.0.

Communications

Assume that PC and the controller can exchange data of the types BOOL and INT
only. So the temperatures SP_, PV_ at PC side are INT variables. Accuracy 0.1 °C is
required, so the range of SP_, PV_ corresponding to 0...100°C, is 0...1000
(SP=SP_/100, PV_=PV · 100). For instance, the set point 20 °C is represented by
SP_=200 in PC and by SP=2.0 in the controller.

5.6.3 RTC project

Global variables

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Note that corresponding pairs of variables can be declared as groups.

Set point temperature SP_ received from PC is declared as RETAIN, with initial value
200. So SP_ will be kept in memory despite power failure (warm restart) or
communication brake. From SP_=200 (20 ºC) the controller will begin operation after
downloading the program (cold start).

Program
PRG_RTC program of RTC project is shown below. Comments seen in the project
tree are entered during declaration of variables. The task TSK_RTC is executed
every 200 ms.

The directive (*$AUTO*) after VAR_EXTERNAL automatically includes Global

variable list into compiled program. Two local variables, C_DATE and C_TIME, are
declared.
Statements in the lines
11: conversion of INT value received from PC into REAL, followed by adjustment of
the range.
13: setting current date–and–time C_DATE to value returned by system function
GET_TST() which reads the controller’s RTC clock when the task begins (Get Task
Time). Separation of current time C_TIME from C_DATE by DT_TO_TOD()
conversion (Day_and_Time To Time_of_Day).
15: determination of the furnace control CVF by comparison of measurement
PV and set point SP temperatures, taking into account 0.5 ºC drop after turning
the furnace off.
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17: determination of the pump control CVP, switched on all time during the day, at
night between 23.00 and 1.00 and when the furnace is on.
21: conversion of REAL to INT after adjustment of the range, to be read by PC.

5.6.4 Simulation
The window shown below corresponds to 9 a.m. The measured temperature 16 C is
lower than the set point 20C, so the furnace is turned on. Pump is also on (daytime).
Individual window for the set point SP (controller side) is shown under the list.

5.7 USER–DEFINED LIBRARY

5.7.1 Library as a project

A library with two function blocks will be created:
FB_AVERAGE – average of three inputs

FB_PULSE – single pulse after time T since rising edge appeared at the input

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Pulse may be generated by the following block diagram:

User library is created as a new project with programs, function blocks,


functions and global variables (or only some of them).

5.7.2 New project

File > New
NoName appears in the project tree.
NoName > Context menu > Properties
Enter name in Project properties, for instance PROJ_MY_BLOCKS.

New function block

POU > Context menu > Add > Function block

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5.7.3 FB_AVERAGE
Name
Enter FB_AVERAGE. OK inserts the block into project tree.

Code
Double click FB_AVERAGE to open editor window. Directive (*$COMMENT*) is
particularly useful for user libraries.

Compilation
Project > Build
Correct errors, if any.
Function instead of a block
Since FB_AVERAGE does not store internal state, it may be replaced by a function

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Remaining steps are the same.

5.7.4 FB_PULSE
Blocks from IEC_61131 library will be used to implement the diagram shown at the
beginning.
Code – part I
Local declarations define block instances.

Input/output names
Sometimes you may need to recall declarations of library blocks for input/output
names. This can be done in two ways:
1) Select block in the library folder in project tree. Tip with input/output declarations is
briefly presented.
2) Select the block and press Ctrl+I to get permanent window with the declarations.

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Code – part II
While entering the code, auto complete option of PAL1131 editor is available. Ctrl +
space opens auto complete list.

Compilation of the project after declarations is needed to build up the list (see
Supplements). Enter inserts selected word and closes the list; you may also click the
word or click outside. Esc closes the list as well.

Final code of FB_PULSE is shown below.

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Compilation
You could now write a test program as additional POU unit and run it using
 simulator. However, it will be more natural from user viewpoint if we first
export the project as a library, and test it later in another project.

5.7.5 Library export

The project will be exported as semi–compiled library.
Project > Export > Library

Project name is temporarily used as library name.

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Library name
Enter proper name, here My_blocks, version number and eventually fill in other
cells (menu path is reserved for future use in FBD diagrams).

Library file location

– Click
– Select target folder, usually Libraries, enter name of library file with .lcp
extension, here My_blocks.lcp, and save.

Filename may be the same as library name (but does not have to)
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Objects for export

Options on the left side select exported objects (both here). Button Toggle all toggles
selected/non–selected, Interface recalls input/output declarations, four buttons below
select function blocks, programs, functions, and global variables.

Semi–compilation
OK compiles selected objects into semi–compiled from (.lcp extension; Project >
Build produces binary code). Warnings on non–imported dependencies are not
relevant.

If no error occurs, My_blocks.lcp is saved in Libraries folder.

File > Save

The original project PROJ_MY_BLOCKS is saved in .xml file, for instance in
Proj_My_blocks.xml here.
Library source code as XML file with original project should be saved for

future use.

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5.8 Testing
Separate project, here Test_My_blocks, is created. The block FB_AVERAGE will be
tested by sample input data and FB_PULSE by counting number of pulses with CTU
standard counter.
Global variable list

A, B, C are inputs and D output of FB_AVERAGE, E input to FB_PULSE, and F

output of CTU.

The project Test_My_blocks uses two libraries, IEC_61131 and My_blocks. The first
one is required by the second as dependent library. FB_PULSE and CTU are
connected by local variable P2C.

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5.8.1 Simulation
Compile Test_My_blocks, run PAL1131Sim, enter 1, 2, 3 for A, B, C, and set E five
times alternately to 0, 1. The variable list of the simulator looks then as follows:

5.8.2 Library extension

It is done by supplementing the library source code (Proj_My_Blocks.xml) with new
components. Export of the extended library is repeated by Project > Export >
Libraries. Previous content of semi–compiled file (My_blocks.lcp) is replaced by the
new one in Libraries.

5.9 1131 ST LANGUAGE OVERVIEW

This overview is for the readers with some experience in high level language
programming (C, Pascal, scripts). More on ST can be found in John K. H. and
Tiegelkamp M.: IEC 61131–3: Programming Industrial Automation Systems,
Springer, 2001, or elsewhere.

5.9.1 IEC 61131-3 standard

5.9.1.1 Programming languages

The IEC 61131-3 standard (IEC below) defines five languages for controller
programming:
– structured text ST – function block diagram FBD
– instruction list IL – sequential function chart SFC
– ladder diagram LD
ST, a high level language similar to Pascal, is a basis for PAL1131 package.

5.9.1.2 Language components

Common components of the five languages are the following:
– data types, e.g. BOOL, INT, REAL
– program organization units POU
– configuration elements.

5.9.1.3 POU units

Three kinds of POUs are defined in IEC:
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– programs – functions blocks – functions

Whereas a function for the same input data always yields the same output, output of
a block may be different, as it depends on actual state of this block. Therefore
declaration of block instance to allocate memory for the state must precede usage of
the block.

5.9.1.4 Configuration elements

Installation and configuration of programs is supported by:
– configuration – tasks – access paths
– resources – global variables
Configuration is called a project in PAL1131. Tasks and global variables are sufficient
for configuration of single controller. Programs belong to tasks.

5.9.1.5 Structure of POUs

Structure of programs, functions and function blocks is the same, i.e.:
– POU type and name
– declaration of variables and function block instances
– program code
PROGRAM, FUNCTION BLOCK and FUNCTION keywords define POU type. Global
and local variables are declared separately. Block instances are declared together
with local variables (within VAR…END_VAR).

5.9.1.6 Identifiers (names)

They begin with a letter or underscore sign _. IEC standard does not make difference
between lower and upper case letters, even in keywords. So the following identifiers
(names) are the same: 1) START, Start, start (variable), 2) THEN, Then, then, 3)
END_VAR, end_var.
PAL1131 automatically converts lower case letters into upper case (although the
editor still shows them as originally entered).

Identical names in different libraries

Names must be unique within a project or library. If the same name, e.g. TON,
denotes another block in another library than IEC_61131, declarations of
corresponding instances in the program must indicate the library, so:
IEC_61131.TON Another_lib.TON
Otherwise multiple name found or Ambiguous... error appears. Actual name
preceded by name of the project or library is called full name in PAL1131.

5.9.1.7 Data types and variables

 Elementary data types

No. Name Data types Size and range

1 BOOL Boolean 1B (FALSE, TRUE⇔ 0,1)
2 BYTE byte 1B (0 ... 255)
3 WORD word 2B (0 ... 65535)
4 DWORD double word 4B (0 ... 232-1)
5 LWORD long word 8B (0 ... 264-1)
6 SINT short integer 1B (-128 ... 127)
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7 INT integer 2B (-32768 ... 32767)

8 DINT double integer 4B (-231 ... 231-1)
9 LINT long integer 8B (-263 ... 263-1)
unsigned short
10 USINT integer 1B (0 ... 255)
11 UINT unsigned integer 2B (0 ... 65535)
unsigned double
12 UDINT integer 4B (0 ... 232-1)
unsigned long
13 ULINT integer 8B (0 ... 264-1)
14 REAL real 4B, IEEE-754 format
15 LREAL long real 8B, IEEE-754 format
4B (-T#24d20h31m23s648ms... T#0s...
16 TIME duration #24d20h31m23s647ms)
17 DATE date 4B (0001-01-01 ... 9999-12-31)
18 TIME_OF_DAY time of day 4B (00:00:00.00... 23:59:59.99)
8B (connection of DATE and TIME_OF_DAY
19 DATE_AND_TIME date and time types)
20 STRING character string variable length

STRING, USINT, UINT, UDINT and ULINT types are not implemented in

PAL1131 yet..

 Universal types
Groups of elementary types collected according to applications are called universal.

 Constants (literals)
Examples of constants of the types used most often are given below:
Constant type Value
BOOL TRUE, BOOL#1
INT 13, INT#-1
REAL 4.1415, REAL#18, 1.2E-6
TIME T#1m3s250ms
TIME_OF_DAY TOD#06:00:00

Single numerical constant without the dot is of type INT, whereas constant

with the dot is of type REAL.

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Other types than INT, REAL are chosen by putting type name and sign # before the
number, e.g. DINT#-13, REAL#1.

Non decimal numbers

Format of non decimal number involves: 1) base of numerical system, e.g. 2, 8, 16,
etc., 2) sign #, 3) alphanumeric string as value. For instance, 2#11111111, 8#377,
16#FF denote 255 decimal. WORD#16#00FF is another option (leading zeroes are
not necessary).

 Initial values
Default initial values are in the table:

Data type Initial value

ANY_BIT, ANY_INT 0
ANY_REAL 0.0
TIME T#0s
DATE D#0001-01-01
TIME_OF_DAY TOD#00:00:00
DAY_AND_TIME DT#0001-01-01-00:00:00
STRING '' (empty)

Other initial values are declared by means of assignment sign :=, for instance
lamp: BOOL := TRUE;
Attributes
PAL1131 package supports two attributes of variables:
RETAIN CONSTANT
RETAIN declares a retentive variable whose value is kept in memory during power
brake (for warm restart). CONSTANT variable cannot be changed. Initial value of
retentive variable applies for cold start only, whereas initial value of non–retentive
one is also used for warm restart.
Declarations of variables
IEC standard defines a few kinds of variable declarations:
VAR VAR_IN_OUT VAR_ACCESS
VAR_INPUT VAR_EXTERNAL
VAR_OUTPUT VAR_GLOBAL
VAR declares local variables and function block instances. VAR_INPUT,
VAR_OUTPUT and VAR_IN_OUT are used in function blocks and functions.
VAR_EXTERNAL declares usage of variables defined in Global variable list (or,
equivalently, by VAR_GLOBAL; see For advanced users). END_VAR terminates
each kind of declaration.
Declarations VAR_EXTERNAL are allowed in programs only (not in function blocks
or functions). RETAIN attribute may appear in Global variable list (or VAR_GLOBAL),
in VAR and VAR_OUTPUT. VAR_ACCESS is not supported by PAL1131.
Allocation of global variables
Allocation of single variable is determined by AT keyword followed by concatenation
of the sign %, size prefix and logical address, e.g.:
pump AT %B0009 : BOOL;

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Global variable list involves Address option instead of AT. Size prefixes are shown in
the table.

Prefix Data types Size

Prefix Data types Size

B, X, none BOOL, BYTE, SINT, USINT 1B
W WORD, INT, UINT 2B
D DWORD, DINT, UDINT, REAL, 4B
TIME, DATE, TIME_OF_DAY
L LWORD, LINT, ULINT, LREAL, 8B
DATE_AND_TIME

Prefixes B, X and leading zeroes of the address may be dropped (as %9 for the
pump
above). Group declaration
A, B, C AT %W0000:INT;
is equivalent to three individual declarations
A AT %W0000:INT; B AT %W0001:INT; C AT %W0002:INT;
The keyword AT cannot be used for local variables which are located automatically.
Memory addresses
Compiler determines number of bytes from size prefix and assigns memory for the
variable beginning from the byte with address
byte address := logical address * size,
(logical address from Global variable list or AT declaration). For instance, declaration
counter AT %W0007: INT;
means that counter occupies 2 ·7=14th byte (and 15th). So the addresses of first
bytes where variables are located have the following properties

Addresses of variables are needed to configure communication with host


computer. They are shown in Project report.

If global variable is declared without selecting Address option in Global variable list
(or without AT) the compiler locates it automatically filling empty spaces. Text auto
appears in the list.
If variables are declared in groups, some of the addresses may overlap since the
compiler checks whether address for first variable is free, and not the area for the
whole group. Warning appears in case of overlapping.

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Function block declaration

As mentioned before, instances of function blocks are declared locally within VAR ...
END_VAR. For instance, if DELAY is going to be an instance of the TON block, it
must be declared by:
DELAY : TON;

5.9.2 Programming in ST

5.9.2.1 Programs, function blocks and functions

The following keywords begin and terminate declarations of POU units:

A program may call (invoke) function blocks and functions; function block may call
other blocks or functions. Recursive calls are not allowed.

5.9.2.2 ST language statements

They involve assignment, selections, loops, exits, function and function block calls
(invocations).
Assignment: variable := expression;
Statements is terminated by semicolon ;.
Selections: IF, CASE

IF
IF A>B THEN Semicolons are not necessary after
B := A; END_IF, END_VAR and other ENDs.
ELSIF A<B THEN
A := B;
ELSE A := 0; B:= 0;
END_IF

CASE
CASE A OF Selection variable must by of integer type
1: B:=1; A:=2; (ANY_INT, BYTE, WORD...). Entries are
2..10: A:=A+1; constant values (or CONSTANT
B:=A*1000; variables) of selector type, otherwise
11,13,15..21: A:=A+2; Cannot match primitive function... error
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B:=A*10; appears (in line 0).

ELSE A:=1; B:=9999;
END_CASE

Loops : FOR, WHILE, REPEAT

FOR WHILE REPEAT

counter := 0; WHILE st1 OR st2 REPEAT
FOR i:=1 TO 10 DO DO B := B+1;
counter:= pump := FALSE; UNTIL B>10
counter+i; alarm := TRUE; END_REPEAT
END_FOR END_WHILE

If control variable of FOR loop must be increased by other number than 1, then
BY… component is included into the statement, as in
FOR i:=1 TO 10 BY 2 DO ... END_FOR
FOR i:=10 TO 1 BY –1 DO ... END_FOR
(BY must be followed by a constant or CONSTANT variable).

Exits : EXIT, RETURN

EXIT interrupts FOR, WHILE or REPEAT loop. RETURN provides early exit from a
function or function block (before END).

EXIT RETURN
WHILE i>0 DO FUNCTION LINE: REAL
l := l+1; VAR_INPUT
IF l>MAX_l THEN a,x,b: REAL;
EXIT; END_VAR
END_IF LINE:=a*x+b;
i := i-1; RETURN;
END_WHILE END_FUNCTION

Function
Standard and system functions (next chapter) are called directly. To call user–
defined functions corresponding libraries must be imported. Function call statement
may look as follows:
Y := LINE(A1,X1,B1);

Function block
Suppose DELAY denotes instance of the standard timer TON. The following
statements invoke DELAY and transfer its outputs:
DELAY(IN:=_input, PT:=t#5s);
motor := DELAY.Q;
bargraph := DELAY.ET;
The outputs can also be transferred directly in the call statement by means of the
sign =>, i.e.:
DELAY(IN:=_input, PT:=t#5s, Q=>motor, ET=>bargraph);
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Order of inputs and outputs does not matter in the call.

5.9.2.3 ST language operators

Expressions consist of operators and operands. The following table lists operators
with priorities in descending order.

Symbol Description Function

() parentheses –
F(x) function evaluation F(x)
** exponentiation EXPT
- arithmetic negation NEG
NOT Boolean negation NOT
* multiplication MUL
/ division DIV
MOD modulo MOD
+ addition ADD
- subtraction SUB
<, >, <=, >= comparison LT,...,GE
= equality EQ
<> inequality NQ
AND, & Boolean multiplication AND
XOR exclusive OR XOR
OR Boolean sum OR

The operators separated above by the dashed lines have the same priority, so they
are executed in the order defined by expression (from left to right). Operators can be
replaced by functions given in the table, as in:
x1 AND x2 AND(x1,x2)

5.9.2.4 Single–dimensional arrays

Program part
VAR Compiler accepts single–dimensional arrays declared
T:ARRAY[0..5] OF as local variables. The arrays cannot be used as
INT; inputs or outputs.
END_VAR Program on the left implements moving average filter
FOR I:=1 TO 5 DO for variable A.
T[I-1]:=T[I];
END_FOR
T[5]:=A; S:=0;
FOR I:=0 TO 5 DO
S:=S+T[I];
END_FOR
S:=S/I;

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5.9.2.5 Functions
IEC standard defines large set of functions divided into groups. Most of IEC functions
are available in PAL1131 (several data types are not supported, e.g. STRING).

Mathematic and logic functions

Group Name Operation I/O types

ADD* Add
SUB subtract
Arithmetic MUL* multiply ANY_NUM
DIV divide
MOD modulo
EXPT exponentiation
NEG negation SINT, INT, DINT LINT, REAL
Numeric ABS Absolute value
SQRT square root
LN natural logarithm
LOG logarithm base 10 REAL, LREAL
EXP natural exponential
SIN sine
COS cosine
TAN tangent
ASIN arc sine
ACOS arc cosine
ATAN arc tangent
Boolean AND* logic product
OR* logic sum
XOR* exclusive OR ANY_BIT
NOT complement
Bit shift SHL shift left, zero–filled
SHR shift right, zero–filled BYTE, WORD
ROL left–rotated, circular DWORD,
ROR right–rotated, circular LWORD
Comparison GT greater
GE greater or equal ANY
EQ equal
LT less
LE less or equal
NE not equal
Time ADD add TIME
SUB subtract

Explanations
– Star * after function name indicates varying number of arguments (up to 15).
– Bit shift functions have two arguments, ANY_BIT (without BOOL) and INT.
– Other operations on TIME data can be executed by conversion to REAL or DINT.
– Additional function RANDOML (not listed above) returns REAL number in 0.0...1.0
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for rectangular probability distribution.

Selection functions
All elementary types are allowed (ANY).

MUX may switch up to 15 inputs.

Conversions
If the following table does not include a particular conversion, two steps are needed
with some intermediate type.

Input Function name

INT INT_TO_REAL, INT_TO_DINT, INT_TO_BOOL, INT_TO_WORD
REAL REAL_TO_INT, REAL_TO_TIME, REAL_TO_LREAL, TRUNC,
ROUND
DINT DINT_TO_REAL, DINT_TO_TIME, DINT_TO_DWORD,
DINT_TO_INT
TIME TIME_TO_DINT, TIME_TO_REAL
BYTE BYTE_TO_SINT
WORD WORD_TO_INT
BOOL BOOL_TO_INT
SINT SINT_TO_BYTE
LREAL LREAL_TO_REAL, TRUNC ROUND
LINT LINT_TO_LWORD
DWORD DWORD_TO_DINT
LWORD LWORD_TO_LINT

Depending on argument type, TRUNC and ROUND convert either to DINT or

 LINT. DEPR_INT_TO_DINT (not listed) converts INT to DINT by repeating
MSB bit.

Real time
PAL1131 package provides:
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– system time as TIME data

– RTC clock read and write
– daytime and date components
– days of the week.
System time and RTC functions are given in the table. CUR_TIME increments
system time up to 24 days (a little more), then resets it to „negative” 24 days, and so
on. Time interval is determined as the difference between two CUR_TIME readings.

Explanations
– READ_RTC, WRITE_RTC and GET_TST functions operate on DATE_AND_TIME
data. WRITE_RTC returns status flag of RTC update operation (RTC functions
depend on hardware platform).
– Task start time returned by GET_TST is used more often than the time returned by
READ_RTC.
– TASK_CYCLE returns value set in the project (Task properties window).

Daytime and date components

Structure of DATE_AND_TIME data in shown below. Successive bytes denote: CC –
hundredth parts of a second, SS – second, NN – minute, HH – hour, DD – day, MM –
month, YY+YY – year.

Functions from GET_HUNDSEC to GET_YEAR return INT value. Two types of

input arguments are supported.

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Status word
Bits of status word returned by GET_STATUS_WORD1 denote

5.9.3 FUNCTION BLOCK LIBRARIES

PAL1131 package involves two libraries with function blocks, IEC_61131 and
Basic_blocks.

5.9.3.1 IEC_61131 library

Symbols of inputs and outputs are as in the IEC standard, so:
R – reset input (logic)
S – set input
CLK↑ – rising edge at CLK input
Q – output of BOOL type
Initial values of all inputs are zero.

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Recall that READ_RTC, WRITE_RTC and GET_TST functions handle


RTC clock in PAL1131

5.9.3.2 Basic_blocks library

Notation:
R – reset input for arithmetic and logic, or to set another value
S – selection or switching input, set input for flip–flops
IN↑ – rising edge at IN input; edge at t0 is denoted by t0:IN↑
Q – output of BOOL type
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OUT – output of REAL,TIME or other type.

Initial values of all inputs are zero.

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ASWI, BSWI and LIMT blocks can be replaced by SEL and LIMIT functions

(see earlier). SEL automatically recognizes type of inputs.

5.9.3.3 System blocks

They are ”always available”, so no library is needed.
Alarms
R – reset input
Q – alarm output
Alarm condition is indicated by TRUE at the output Q. Setting R to TRUE cancels the
alarm.

Cold start is also initiated when memory test detects data error. Global variables
are then set to initial values.

Example
Declarations
VAR
STATE:APON; RESET:BOOL; ALARM:BOOL;
END_VAR;
Usage
RESET:=FALSE; STATE(R:=RESET); ALARM:=STATE.Q;

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5.10 SUPPLEMENTS

5.10.1 Correcting variable list

Suppose the Global variable list looks initially as follows:

 Incorrect address
New group of two variables, MOTOR and PUMP, is declared, the first one with wrong
address 0002. Clicking Add supplements the list with the two variables, however the
line MOTOR is shown in red indicating address collision.

As in the START_STOP project, MOTOR and PUMP should be located at 0008,

0009.

 Group selection
Select the lines to be corrected, the second one with Shift or Ctrl. Names of
variables, types and addresses appear in the upper cells (cell Type would be empty
for different types).

 Corrections
Selection of Address option automatically displays first free address for the
colliding MOTOR, so 0004 here.

If you pressed Replace now, PUMP would remain at 0003 and MOTOR placed at
0004. However, we want 0008 instead of 0004.
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Pressing Replace corrects the variable list accordingly.

Note that five bytes from 0003 to 0007 remain empty.

5.10.2 Filling empty areas

Suppose we need another REAL variable called ANALOG. Enter name and type,
select Address option. First free address D0001 is then indicated.

Since ANALOG occupies four bytes (REAL), so the address of its first byte is
0001*4=0004. Pressing Add displays the following list

Former empty area is almost full now.

5.10.3 Marks
Small rectangles with digits indicating portions of large programs, to improve clarity
and navigation, are called marks (or bookmarks). Portion of a code with two marks is
shown below.

The following shortcuts handle marks:

 Shift + Ctrl + 0,...,9 – create a mark 0,...,9 at the line indicated by the cursor •
Ctrl + 0,...,9 – place cursor at the line with mark 0,...,9

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Shortcuts Operation Shortcuts Operation

Ctrl+Up Scroll line up Shift+Ctrl+I Block indent
Ctrl+Down Scroll line down Shift+Ctrl+U Block unindent
Ctrl+PgUp Scroll screen up Ctrl+M Break line
Ctrl+PgDown Scroll screen down Ctrl+H Insert line
Ctrl+Home Editor top Ctrl+T Delete word
Ctrl+End Editor end Ctrl+G Delete line
Ins Toggle insert/enter Shift+Ctrl+Y Delete till end of
mode line
Ctrl+Ins Copy selected part Ctrl+0,...,9 Go to mark 0,...,9
Shift+Del Delete selected part Shift+Ctrl+0,...,9 Set mark 0,...,9
Shift+Ins Paste from clipboard Shift+Ctrl+N Select by lines
Ctrl+Bksp Remove last word Shift+Ctrl+C Select by columns
Alt+Bksp Undo Shift+Ctrl+L Select full lines
Shift+Alt+Bksp Redo Shift+Ctrl+B Match brackets

5.10.4 Errors, warnings, hints

Message list
Bottom area of interface window may show the following messages:

Icons from left table are used by the compiler. An error interrupts compilation,
warning indicates possibility of erroneous code (or another reason, e.g. outdated
library). A hint may point out that global variable is hidden by local one with the same
name.

Message format:
[icon] filename.cst@code_line message text
Context menu clears message list or removes some of its components.
Right table is reserved for future use in languages supported by .NET (e.g. C#).
Code line
A .cst file indicated in a message involves program code in ST language created by
Project > Build. Double clicking the message opens POU editor with cursor at
erroneous line. Sometimes however, the error may be somewhere else. If the
compiler is unable to find erroneous line, it indicates the line with number 0 or -1 (for
instance, when task is not declared).

Omitting erroneous objects

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The compiler operates similarly to a stack. So an error in a component of IF

instruction in a function block generates three messages:
1) error in the component,
2) error in IF,
3) error in function block.
In addition, if the option Omit erroneous POU objects during compilation has been
selected, fourth message warns that the next object is being compiled without
completing the previous one. In this next object, even for correct code, an error may
be detected due to omitting the earlier code.

Autocomplete
Compilation of the project is a condition to display autocomplete list. It is convenient
to compile the project after declaration of POUs to include datatype names, standard
functions, etc. into the list. Second compilation should follow declaration of variables
(clear message list before).
Library update
While opening an old project a warning may appear with information that library
version of the project is different than the one being now used by PAL1131. The
library
reference will be automatically updated if, while closing the project, you answer Yes
to the question Save changes in the project ...

5.10.5 Compiler directives

Directives are optional commands for the compiler to simplify coding, determine
access to variables, save comments, etc. Format is the same as for standard
comments except additional sign $ after initial (*. Four most useful directives are
described below.

Directive Meaning
(*$AUTO*) Declaration VAR_EXTERNAL (*$AUTO*) END_VAR
automatically inserts declarations from Global variable list into
the program.
(*$READ*) Variable declared in a program, as e.g. START: BOOL
(*$READ*), is considered read only in this program. Other
programs may write into it, however.

(*$WRITE*) Variable declared in a program, as e.g. PUMP: BOOL

(*$WRITE*), is considered write only in this program. Other
programs may read it, however.
(*$VMASM*) Part of a program written in Virtual Machine language.

Other directives govern internal operations of the compiler. Directives are highlighted
by the editor.

5.10.6 Simulation session

All data for simulation, i.e. variable list, individual windows and control panels, can be
saved in a file to repeat simulation session in future.

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File > Save session or click

Save as window involves default filename with .scp extension.

Resuming the session

File > Open session or click

Session may be also resumed while opening .dcp file (provided that .scp is in the
same folder). Answer Yes to the question Do you want to open saved session as
well? One of PAL1131Sim Program options enables automatic resuming.

5.10.7 Save results

Simulation results may be saved in an .out file by selecting Trace > Log output data.
Filename is determined in Program options (Output file tab with and Path).
Symbol in the status bar indicates logging. The .out file is a text file with variable
values written in successive cycles. Variables from individual windows are logged
only. Logging may be stopped by clicking the variable window with right button.
A part of Start_Stop.out file is shown below. START is set in 2nd and STOP in 11th
second.

Time is given in milliseconds (200 ms task cycle). Columns are separated by Tab.
The file can be processed by MS Excel.

Simulation controlled automatically

By selecting Trace > Read input data the simulator automatically sets values of
variables from .inp file indicated in Program options (Output file tab). It is a text file
(prepared earlier) of the same format as .out. Negative time terminates simulation.

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5.10.8 PAL1131 files

Programs and libraries of PAL1131 package exchange data through files
withextensions given in the table. Name of .xml basic file is default name for the
others.

Extension Content
.xml Basic file of the project
.cst Program code in ST language (text file)
.hcp Project header created during compilation
.dcp Intermediate file for simulator and configurer created during
compilation
.xcp Binary code of compiled program for virtual machine VM
(runtime)
.lcp Semi–compiled library
.scp Simulation session
.inp Input data for session executed automatically (text file)
.out Session results (text file), e.g. for MS Excel
.xmc Communication parameters (for SMC controller)
.html Project report
.htm Communication report (for SMC: parameters, task table)

The .cst and .xcp files are created automatically during compilation. Recall that at the
beginning it is convenient to create project folder for all files.

5.11 SOURCE CODES OF STANDARD BLOCKS

Implementations of IEC 61131–3 standard blocks are presented below, one for each
of four groups. They may be of some help while learning ST programming using
PAL1131.
SR flip–flop

FUNCTION_BLOCK SR
VAR_INPUT
S1: BOOL; (* set input *)
R: BOOL; (* reset input *)
END_VAR
VAR_OUTPUT
Q1: BOOL; (* output *)
END_VAR
Q1 :=S1 OR (NOT R AND Q1);
END_FUNCTION_BLOCK

R_TRIG rising edge detector

FUNCTION_BLOCK R_TRIG
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VAR_INPUT
CLK : BOOL; (* input *)
END_VAR
VAR_OUTPUT
Q : BOOL; (* output *)
END_VAR
VAR
CLKp : BOOL := FALSE; (* previous value of CLK input *)
END_VAR
Q := CLK AND NOT CLKp;
CLKp := CLK;
END_FUNCTION_BLOCK
CTU up–counter

FUNCTION_BLOCK CTU
VAR_INPUT
CU : BOOL; (* up–count input *)
R : BOOL; (* counter reset *)
PV : INT; (* preset value – upper limit *)
END_VAR
VAR_OUTPUT
Q : BOOL; (* output set when limit reached *)
CV : INT; (* current value *)
END_VAR
VAR
CUp : BOOL := FALSE; (* previous value of CU input *)
END_VAR
IF R THEN (* if R = TRUE *)
CV := 0;
ELSE
IF (CU AND NOT CUp) THEN (* if rising edge at CU input *)
IF (CV < PV) THEN
CV := CV + 1; (* increment *)
END_IF
END_IF
END_IF
Q := CV >= PV; (* if CV >= PV, then Q := TRUE *)
CUp := CU; (* save CU as previous *)
END_FUNCTION_BLOCK
 TP pulse timer (pulse of preset duration)

FUNCTION_BLOCK TP
VAR
stime: TIME; (* start time *)
END_VAR
VAR_INPUT
IN: BOOL; (* input *)
PT: TIME; (* preset time *)
END_VAR
VAR_OUTPUT
Q: BOOL; (* output *)
ET: TIME; (* elapsed time *)
END_VAR
IF NOT Q THEN (* state 0 or 2: *)
IF IN THEN (* if rising edge at IN or waiting for IN=0 *)
IF ET = t#0s THEN (*if rising edge at IN *)
IF PT > t#0s THEN (* state 1: pulse time count *)

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stime := CUR_TIME(); (* save start time *)

Q := TRUE; (* set the output Q *)
END_IF
ELSE (* state 2: wait for IN=0 *)
Q := FALSE; (* reset Q *)
END_IF
ELSE (* state 0: wait for rising edge at IN *)
ET := t#0s; (* reset elapsed time *)
END_IF
ELSE (* state 1: pulse time count *)
ET := CUR_TIME() - stime; (* elapsed time update *)
IF ET >= PT THEN (* if preset value reached *)
Q := FALSE; (* reset Q *)
ET := PT; (* elapsed := preset *)
END_IF
END_IF
END_FUNCTION_BLOCK

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6 MIMIC PAGES (GRAPHICS)

6.1 Create Mimic

To create Graphic Page (also referred to as Mimic) you can activate the graphic
builder by selecting '*Mimic' from the tree menu, or by double click on one of the
already created graphic pages:

The graphic builder will be started with the selected mimic. If the '*Mimic' is selected it
will start with a new mimic:

6.1.1 Graphic Editor

The building of a graphic is based on two steps:

1. Background information
2. Dynamic information

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6.1.1.1 Graphic Editor Background Information

The Graphic Editor can create a background picture. This editor is based on vector
graphics (bitmapped graphic images of the type *.jpg or *.gif can be used within the
background picture).

6.1.1.2 Graphic Editor Pull Down Menu:

File - This menu item is used for:

- creation of a new mimic.
- open an existing mimic.
- saving of a mimic .
- printing of a mimic.
- print preview.
- printer setup.

Edit - This menu item is used for:

- undo of the last (drawing) action.
- cut the selected object(s).
- copy the selected object(s).
- paste the cut or copied object(s).
- delete the selected object(s).
- insert a picture (.jpg or .gif format).
- select all objects of the current mimic.

Transform - This menu item is used for:

- grouping of the selected object(s).
- un-grouping of the selected object.
- move to front of the selected object(s).
- move one level up of the selected object(s).
- move one level down of the selected object(s).
- move to back of the selected object(s).
- mirror the selected object(s).
- flip the selected object(s).
- rotate right by 90o.
- rotate left by 90o.

View - This menu item is used for:

- Show/hide Toolbars.
- Show/hide Status bar.
- Show/hide grid.

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Dynamics - This menu item is used for (refer to paragraph 6.1.1.4 Graphic Editor
Dynamic Information, page 95:
- Creation of a bar graph.
- Creation of a process point.
- Creation of Time/Date value.
- Creation of digital selector.
- Creation of button.
- Creation of pick action (popup).

Play - This menu item is used for (refer to paragraph 6.1.1.4 Graphic Editor
Dynamic Information, page 95:
- Switching ON/OFF of dynamic test-mode.

Help - This menu item gives you information about the graphic configuration
program.

6.1.1.3 Graphic Editor Toolbars:

The toolbars are dockable toolbars, which means that you can drag and drop the
toolbar wherever you would like to have it on the screen. The following toolbars (and
action buttons) are available in the system:

File Toolbar:

- Create a new mimic.

- Open existing an mimic.
- Save a mimic.

Edit Toolbar:

- Cut selected object(s).

- Copy selected object(s).
- Paste copied or cut object(s).

Print Button:

- Print active mimic.

Help Button:

- This button gives you information about the graphic configuration

program.

Transform Toolbar:

- Move one level up of the selected object(s).

- Move one level down of the selected object(s).
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- Move selected object(s) to the front.

- Move selected object(s) to the back.

- Mirror the selected object(s).

- Flip the selected object(s).
- Rotate left 90o the selected object(s).
- Rotate right 90o the selected object(s).

- Un-group selected object.

- Group selected objects.

- Bottom alignment of the selected objects.

- Top alignment of the selected objects.
- Vertical center alignment of the selected objects.
- Left alignment of the selected objects.
- Right alignment of the selected objects.
- Horizontal center alignment of the selected objects.

Drawing Toolbar:

- Draw a rectangle or a square. To draw a square press the Shift key

at the moment you drag.
- Draw an ellipse or a circle. To draw a circle press the Shift key at the
moment you drag.
- Draw a line by clicking the left mouse button and dragging the line. If
you release the mouse button the line is created.
- Draw a (closed) polyline by clicking the left mouse button. Drag to
create the first line-segment of the polyline, press the left mouse
button again the line segment is created. Drag the mouse to create
the next line segment and click the left mouse button again etc. To
end (close) the polyline click the right mouse button.
- Draw a (open) polyline by clicking the left mouse button. Drag to
create the first line-segment of the polyline, press the left mouse
button again the line segment is created. Drag the mouse to create
the next line segment and click the left mouse button again etc. To
end the polyline click the right mouse button.
- Draw a (closed) spline object by clicking the left mouse button. Drag
to create the first line-segment of the spline, press the left mouse
button again the line segment is created. Drag the mouse to create
the next line segment and click the left mouse button again etc. To
end (close) the spline click the right mouse button.
- Draw a (open) spline object by clicking the left mouse button. Drag to
create the first line-segment of the spline, press the left mouse button
again the line segment is created. Drag the mouse to create the next
line segment and click the left mouse button again etc. To end the
spline click the right mouse button.
- Insert text in the mimic.
- Insert a bitmap graphic into the mimic (.jpg or .gif format).
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- Insert an object from a library file.

- Import a .DXF R12 format file.

Dynamics Toolbar (refer to paragraph 6.1.1.4 Graphic Editor Dynamic Information,

page 95):

- Creation of a bar graph.

- Creation of a process point.
- Creation of Time/Date value.
- Creation of digital selector.
- Creation of button.
- Creation of pick action (popup).

6.1.1.4 Graphic Editor Dynamic Information

The following Dynamic Objects can be used:

1. Bar Graph:

Creating a bar graph: Drag a rectangle or square (refer to paragraph 6.1.1.1

Graphic Editor Background Information, page 92). Leave the
rectangle or square selected and press the button or
select Bargraph via the pull down menu.
The system will show you the following menu:

Location on the mimic: Pixel oriented. Object can be placed and moved by selecting
it by the left mouse and dragging it to its location. Pressing
the arrow keys will move the selected object by one pixel.
Connection types: Channel value (type channel number)
Parameter value (type parameter number)
Function Block Connection Scheme Output value (select via
a drop down list the Function Block Connection Scheme
Name and Output Name)
Direction selectable: Vertical-up (default)
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Horizontal-right
Horizontal-left
Range: High and low engineering range is automatic retrieved from
channel (default), but can be overwritten by entering manual
other range(s)
Background color: Selectable from color pallet (default black)
Normal color: Selectable from color pallet (default green)
Limit type: NONE (default)
Low/None
None/High
Low/High
Low/Very Low
High/Very High
Limit types selectable: Limit type(s) automatic from channel (default if connection
type is channel value)
Limit type(s) manual entered during configuration
Limit 1 color: Selectable from color pallet (default blue)
Limit 2 color: Selectable from color pallet (default red)
Color implementation: Stacked:
Bargraph vertical-up Type: L Type: H Type L/H Type L/VL Type H/VH

Process point:

Creating a process point: Click the process point button or select from the
dynamics pull down menu. The system will respond with the
following menu:

Location on the mimic: Pixel oriented. Object can be placed and moved by selecting
it by the left mouse and dragging it to its location. Pressing
the arrow keys will move the selected object by one pixel.
Font: Any true type font (default Arial)
Font color: Selectable from color pallet (default white)
Background color: Selectable from color pallet (default black)
Font size: Sizeable as standard within Windows (default 10)

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Connection types: Channel value (type channel number), if Digital channel

value (Field length automatic set to 1 and number of decimal
places automatic set to 0)
Parameter value (type parameter number)
Function Block Connection Scheme Output value (select via
a drop down list the Function Block Connection Scheme
Name and Output Name)
Field length in characters: From 1 to 7, if the value exceeds the field length, the
indication will be made by + signs (example: if the field length
is 5 and the decimal places is 1 a too big value will be
indicated by: +++.+)
Decimal places: Select fixed decimal:
0. xxxxxxx
1. xxxxx.x
2. xxxx.xx
3. xxx.xxx
4. xx.xxxx
5. x.xxxxx

Select floating decimal:

With small values if the field length allows the number of
characters necessary for the displaying, the value will be
displayed with one decimal.
Special Format (future): Select:
(Related to NMEA Latitude (gives you the format 0°00.00N)
interface values) Longitude (gives you the format 0°00.00E)

Time Date Value:

Create a Time/Date value: Click the Time/Date button or select from the dynamics
pull down menu. The system will respond with the following
menu:

Location on the mimic: Pixel oriented. Object can be placed and moved by selecting
it by the left mouse and dragging it to its location. Pressing
the arrow keys will move the selected object by one pixel.
Font: Any true type font (default Arial)
Font color: Selectable from color pallet (default white)
Background color: Selectable from color pallet (default black)
Font size: Sizeable as standard within Windows (default 10)
Connection types: Time:
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- hh:mm
- hh:mm:ss
Date:
- yy-mm-dd
- dd/mm/yy
- dd/mm/yyyy
- mm/dd/yy
Time Date:
- hh:mm:ss yy-mm-dd

Digital Selector:

Create a digital selector: Create multiple (drawing) objects. Deselect all objects and
click digital selector button or select from the dynamics
pull down menu. The system will respond with the following
menu:

Select the object you want to connect to the selected state

(or Default (if no state(s) is (are) active, this object is shown).
Select the other state(s) and connect the drawing object etc.
If objects have a different size you may use the auto-size
feature by selecting a rectangle (square) before clicking the
digital selector button . The selected square is now used
as area and all objects, which you connect to the different
states of this digital selector, will be resized within the area.
Location on the mimic: Pixel oriented. Object can be placed and moved by selecting
it by the left mouse and dragging it to its location. Pressing
the arrow keys will move the selected object by one pixel.
Maximum states: Value between 1 and 8 (default 1)
Default object: Enter the graphical object. This object will be shown, if none
of the other objects are selected. If no filename is specified
for the default object the background will be shown if none of
the objects are selected.
Valid graphic objects are: 1. Graphical objects created by LooxWin.
2. Bitmapped graphic images imported from *.jpg and *.gif
files.
Object/state selection: For each state (defined by the maximum number of states)
the customer can fill in a channel number, function output or
parameter and select the graphic object. If multiple states are
activated at the same time, the object with the lowest active

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state number will be presented on the screen. If no state is

activated, the default object will be shown.
Connection types: Digital channel value
Function block output value (True is value<>0; false is
value=0)
Parameter value (True is value<>0; false is value=0)

Button: A button can be configured to open another mimic page.

Pick action: To give commands using the mouse (for opening valves,
etc.) a Pick action can be used. Objects in a graphic can be
assigned as a pick action object by drawing a pick action
rectangle (or square) around the object. The Pick action
configuration dialog appears to input the channel numbers
that change value on mouse command.
See next paragraph to build Pick Action dialogs special for
your project.

6.1.1.5 Pick action dialogs

The Pick Action configuration can be found in the tree area just below the Graphic Pages (Mimics),
see the following image of the tree area:

On selection of a pick action the next dialog appears in the right side PAL window area. See Example
of Pick Action in next image:

The top part of this dialog contains general settings. The list below that contains settings for the
controls in the pick action dialog.

General Settings:
Type: 0 - Pick Action (normal),
1 - Message Box (for warning or confirm selections), Set
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2 - NumPad (special pick action, a value input by pressing buttons 0..9)

3 - Set Latitude (special pick action, for NMEA Input to set manually a x-position)
4 - Set Longitude (special pick action, for NMEA Input to set manually a y-position)

Title: Title Bar Text of Dialog

Alt Title: Title Bar Text of Dialog when using alt. language option
Width: Width of Pick Action Dialog
Height: Height of Pick Action Dialog
Pre-Warning A messagebox is shown before the pick action dialog,
MessageBox:
Select: for selection the pre-warning messagebox
when pressing on
'Test Dialog'

See next paragraph for dialog control settings

Controls on Pick Action Dialog

Type: BUTTON - normal button
OK - button for accept the action of dialog
CANCEL - button for cancel the action of dialog
EDIT - input of value
STATIC - display a static text
COMBO - for selection an option
COLOR - for selection a color
TEXT - display a text
DTEXT - display a text which could be changed
CHECK - checkbox (yes/no) selection
PUSHBUTTON - button who shows it's state like a pressed up or pressed down
state
Text: text which is shown on control
Alt Text: text which is shown on control when using alt. language option
Pos X: position of x-coordinate of control on dialog box
Pos Y: position of y-coordinate of control on dialog box
Width: width of control on dialog box
Height: height of control on dialog box
Close Action: 0 or 1, when pressing a button, dialog could be closed directly
remark: only usable at Type "Button" (OK and Cancel will closed directly too)
Func Nr: special data, used for example at NumPad pick action
Func Data: special data, used for example at Set Latitude pick action
Confirm: for selection a messagebox dialog after a button is pressed

Example of MessageBox:

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Func Nr: for displaying an icon

0: Icon Information
1: Icon Question
2: Icon Warning
3: Icon Error
4: Icon Windows Logo

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7 PAL SETUP

7.1 Group Pages

After selecting ‘Groups’ and 1 – Group Description

Description Text for description or name of this group

Display group To show this group on a Client.
Default checked. Rarely unchecked (For example, uncheck
for usage in Extended Alarm System).

7.1.1 General Settings

Select ‘Groups’ and ‘General Settings’

Maximum number of Indicates the size on disk what could be use for logging
KB for all logging
files

7.1.2 Logging

Logging: Possibility to turn on logging for this group

Event Logging: Log status changes of channel(s) belonging to this group
(Alarm Summary per group)
Allow Logging Is the user allow to turn off logging for this group
Control:
Cycle Storage: Remove oldest log files
Log OnChange: Log Channels and only log a new line when at least one of
the channel value(s) is changed (group Can NOT be used
to display Trending!).
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Sample Rate in (s): Time in seconds (default 5)*

Disk Storage rate (s): Time in seconds to store in memory, after this time the
memory will be written to disk.
Start/Stop Channel Channel which its value could start/stop logging process
Log history (days) Number of days to keep log files
Remark: If cycle storage is not checked then after this number of files the logging will
be stopped automatically.

* For a list with more then 10 channels the sample rate is 5 or more, if a channel list
contains 10 or less channels a sample rate of 1 sec is the minimum.

Warning: while configuring channel list with more than 1,000 channels for logging will
slow down the complete system, and possibly it will stop. Please check the windows
task manager for sufficient processor time for writing the files.

Maximum usage of disk/memory per day (KB) gives an indication about the
maximum ever to be used KB if logging for group is on.
Memory requirements for logging
General header 152 Bytes
Header per channel 90 Bytes
Per channel 8 Bytes
Sample time stamp 21 Bytes
Number of bytes in file header 692 Bytes

Example:
One day (60 seconds * 60 minutes * 24 hours) has 86400 seconds.

86400 / 5 = 17280 (=times taking a sample for all these channels in this group)

(12 channel values * 8 bytes) + 21 bytes (date + time) = 117

17280*117 = 2021760 bytes = 1974 KB = 1.92 MB

90 bytes (header info per channel) * 12 channels + 152 bytes (header general) =
1232

Results in total of (2021760+1232) / 1000 = 2022.9 (disk)

(117 * 300 (=nr of samples to disk)) / 1000 = 35.5 (memory)

7.1.2.1 Compact flash logging

The space on the compact flash is limited for logging. It is preferred to log on a hard
disk. If the compact flash is used for logging the following must be taken into
consideration:

With a 1 GB Flash card approximately 200MB Flash remains available for logging.

The Flash can perform 300.000 write actions before failure may occur. This allows
3.4 write actions per hour for a 10 year lifetime (300.000 / (10 * 365 * 24)). To ensure

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a MTBF of 10 year (mean time between failure) the logging must be setup to write
only once per hour.

Example for calculating RAM memory requirements:

To write once per hour with 5 seconds per sample: 3600 / 5 = 720 samples.
For 12 channels 720 samples require (12 * 8 + 21) * 720 = 49.6 KB

7.1.3 Trending

Trend Replay: Check box to turn on possibility to do a trend replay of this

group
Timespan (hh - mm): Time span hours (default) - Time span minutes (default)
High Limit: Max. value which is to be displayed (default)
Trend Memory: Check box to turn on possibility to trend in Memory
Sample Rate (ms): Sample Rate Memory Trending in ms.
Low Limit: Min. value which is to be displayed (default)

The message “Data Log file size too big for trend replay” is displayed when the
“maximum usage of disk per day” bigger is than 1.44 MB.

7.1.4 Add / Delete Channels

Type Channel, Tagname, Description, Range, All, Empty Line

Channel / Channel number, Tagname, filter of description, Range starting
Tagname / Filter / from a channel number to another channel number (should be
From To* ascending)
Channel List List of Channels in this Groups, Remark: a channel should be
existing and its source must not “Not Installed”
* Depends on the chosen “Type”

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Buttons
Browse: Add channels from list with available channels
Add: After a given channel/tagname/range of channels, add the
channel(s) to this group
Insert: After a given channel/tagname/range of channels, insert the
channel(s) to this group
Delete: After a given channel/tagname/ range of channels, delete the
channel(s) from this group
Sort: Sorting all the channels in this group, on channel number or tag
name

7.2 Job and Language

7.2.1 General Settings

After selecting ‘Job and Language’ and ‘General Settings’

Job Message Title display on Client, up to 18 characters long

Use Alt. Language If you like to use besides English another language, check this
box, now new fields are available, like Alt. Job Message and
Alt. Description at a single Group or Channel configuration.
Alt. Job Message Alt. title display on Client, up to 18 characters long
Font Button to choose a font which alt. language texts will use. You
need to choose a font which your preferred language
supports!

7.2.2 Client Texts

Selecting ‘Job and Language’ and ‘Client Texts’ and one of its items:

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A table is shown with language text "English" and "User Defined". "User Defined" text
can be adapted. These texts are shown inside a Client, when the Client is setup to
used Alternative Language.

7.3 Passwords

Press F12 (SET-UP) and the following screen will appear:

Supply the correct username (up to 12 characters, mind you that the input is case
sensitive) and password (up to 12 characters, mind you that the input is case
sensitive) to enter the set-up. The Mega-Guard System has 3 Levels of Security.
Each level giving access to a certain number or all parameters of the system. For
each level you can setup a list of (max 32) user with their passwords.

7.3.1 Main Screen Privileges

After entering a username and password of level ‘0’ (highest degree of accessibility)
the system will clear the screen and the main set-up menu of the selected unit is
displayed. (See the Product Technical Description of the Mega-Guard station for
details on this procedure). All items in the list below can be selected and configured:

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Figure 2: Main Setup Screen Privilege Level '0'

Entering a wrong password, will indicate the following popup window on the screen
and the system will return to the normal operating mode:

Privilege level '0' gives access to all items.

Privilege level ‘1’ gives you access to the following items:

1. PLUGINS / FIELDBUS / CHANNELS (refer to paragraph 7.3.2.2)
2. GROUP PAGES AND TRENDING
3. PERIODIC PRINT-OUT
4. TIME AND DATE
5. JOB AND LANGUAGE/TEXT
6. EXTENSION ALARM SYSTEM
7. PASSWORD
8. SHOW CHANGED CHANNELS

Privilege level ‘2’ gives you access to the following items:

1. PLUGINS / FIELDBUS / CHANNELS (refer to paragraph 7.3.2.3)
2. GROUP PAGES AND TRENDING
3. PERIODIC PRINT-OUT
4. TIME AND DATE
5. PASSWORD
6. SHOW CHANGED CHANNELS

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Privilege level ‘3’ gives you access to the following items:

1. PLUGINS / FIELDBUS / CHANNELS (refer to paragraph 7.3.2.4)
2. PASSWORD
3. SHOW CHANGED CHANNELS

7.3.2 Channels / Average Lay-Out Privileges

7.3.2.1 Privilege Level ‘0’

In the items mentioned in the Main Setup Screen(s), only the Channel Setup has
different accessibility to the parameters (in this item) with the different Privilege
levels. Below you will find the Channels / Conversion Tables / Stored Pulse Counters
for level ‘0’. All items are accessible.

Figure 3: Tree view Level ‘0’

If you have enter the Setup with the Level ‘0’ password and you select the
CHANNELS the system will respond for example with the following Setup Screen:

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Figure 4: Channel Setup Screen Level '0'

All Highlighted (Black on White) are accessible.

7.3.2.2 Privilege Level ‘1’

If you enter the Setup with the Level ‘1’ password and you select the system will
respond with the following Setup Screen:

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Figure 5: Channel Setup Screen Level ‘1’

Only the highlighted (Black on White) items can be modified, all other fields are not
accessible.

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7.3.2.3 Privilege Level ‘2’

If you enter the Setup with the Level ‘2’ password and you select the CHANNELS the
system will respond with the following Setup Screen:

Figure 6: Channel Setup Screen Level '2'

Only the highlighted (Black on White) items can be modified, all other fields are not
accessible.

7.3.2.4 Privilege Level ‘3’

If you enter the Setup with the Level ‘3’ password and you select the CHANNELS the
system will respond with the following Setup Screen:

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Figure 7: Channel Setup Screen Level '3'

Level 3 is read only. All fields are not accessible.

7.4 Printers

The system offers several ways to generate printouts of life data on the system
printer. One is called periodic log, which will start at a certain time and will be
repeated, at predefined time intervals. The other way to create a printout is by
activation of the 'Demand log'. The printout will include date and time in the header of
the printout and for each channel will be printed the tag name, description, high and
low alarm limit(s), actual value and the status. If you select the following item on the
tree it will give you the parameters for the setting of the periodic log. Remark:
Demand Log is setup inside Client.

7.4.1 General

After selecting ‘Printer’ and ‘Printer - xx’

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Printer Driver Select lineprint.dll for OKI matrix printer, and winprint.dll for
Windows printers.
Share Name Network printer share name. Required if printer is placed on a
(network) client station. This client must be on during startup of server.
Printer Name For example OKI or HP. Take care while inputting this because
default init strings will created different depending on printer
name
Use Alt. Select this option to print in alternative language. If this language
Language On does not use the Roman alphabet (for example Russian), a
Printer special IC must be placed inside the printer.
CodePage Only for alternate language, choose code page matching your
language.

Init Strings:

Header String will be send to printer before a header is printed to set

up font
Normal Status Line String will be send to printer before a normal status line is
printed to set up font
Alarm Line String will be send to printer before an alarm line is printed to
set up font
Reset reset code of printer

Initializing strings can be adapted, but is not recommended, use default values which
will be filled in automatically after setting the printer name.

Remark: An alarm line will be printed when a channel comes in alarm. After the
channel alarm is solved a normal or status line will be printed.

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7.4.2 Printers – Alarm Log

After selecting ‘Printer’ and ‘Printer - xx’, and Alarm Log

Alarm Log Check box to turn on/off alarm log for this printer
Add/Sort/Delete Buttons to insert/delete groups which needed to be logged
Groups Group of which channels need to be Logged

Remark: For alarm logging normally group 0 (All Channels) is inserted.

7.4.3 Printers - Periodic Log

After selecting ‘Printer’ and ‘Printer - xx’, and Periodic Log

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Periodic Log Check box to turn on/off periodic log for this printer
Add/Sort/Delete Buttons to insert/delete groups which needed to be logged
First Log Time After start of system, logging will be start at certain time (in
hours:minutes)
Log Interval Time After a certain interval (in hours:minutes)
Channel for disable / Channel to Enable the Periodic Log Printout (0 if None)
enable periodic log
Periodic Log Start / Channel to Start / Stop the Periodic Log Printout (0 if None)
Stop Channel Note This channel is Available per Group and defined in It’s
Group.
Example of a set-up of periodic log parameters
Periodic printout Deselect checkbox if no periodic printout is required
required?: Select checkbox if periodic printouts are required. If
this field is selected to 'Yes' automatically two other
parameters can be entered.
First log time (hr:min): Enter the time in hours and minutes when the first
periodic log should be printed.
Log interval time (hr:min): Enter the interval time in hours and minutes when the
periodic log printout will be repeated after the first log
time.
Groups to include in the Insert the groups that should be included in the log
periodic and alarm log: printout(s). The maximum number of groups to
include is limited to 255
Channel for disable / If Channel is Active or channel number = 0, the
enable Periodic log Periodic Log will be Logged, if the channel is not
active the log will be skipped.
Periodic Log Start / Stop If the group Channel is Active or channel number = 0,
Channel the Group of the Periodic Log will be printed.
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7.4.4 Printers – Order Log

After selecting ‘Printer’ and ‘Printer - xx’, and Order Log

Order Log Check box to turn on/off Order log for this printer
Add/Sort/Delete Buttons to insert/delete groups which needed to be logged
Groups Group of which channels need to be Logged

7.5 Remote Data

Plugins are software modules (DLL's), that are used to establish communication with
the connected hardware in- and outputs. Here we use the following link Type:
- Remote Data (Indicated in the tree with RDx where x can be 1 to 32)
For the configuration of the plugin(s) select the following item on the tree:

Plugins:
 Adding a plugin:
 Select the Remote Data folder in the tree and click with the right
pointing device key or press the context menu key on the keyboard.
Select 'Insert' from the context menu and a new plugin will be
created. you will be asked for the definition of the name (max 50
characters) and the link(type) for this plugin.
 Deleting a plugin:

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 Select the specific plugin which should be deleted and press the
delete key on the keyboard.

Once the plugin is created the following SET-up Fields Area will be displayed:

 Name:
 This field contains the user name of the plugin. This name is also
shown in the tree area.
 Switch Link ON/OFF
 This field indicates whether the communication to/from the hardware
is enabled or not. Changing the value can done by clicking on this
field or by selecting the item and pressing the Space-bar of the
keyboard.
 Use On Backup
 This field indicates whether the communication to/from the hardware
is enabled or not when the IOServer is running as Standby (Not the
Active IOServer). Changing the value can done by clicking on this
field or by selecting the item and pressing the Space-bar of the
keyboard.
 Filename:
 Select filename of the DLL.
 Remote Data:
 Select this type whenever this plugin has to establish the
communication with third party interface (E.g. ModBus, NMEA etc.)
 Comment:
 This field contains complementary information for describing the
plugin. This field is only used for documentary reason.

7.5.1 XP setup

7.5.1.1 General module setup

General settings are located in the tree area just above the processor position table;
see the following image of the tree area

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It is strongly advised to leave all settings in this page on their default values.

General Setup Input Channels

 General Setup Input Channels:

Delay before return to ‘Normal’ of digital inputs:
Delay time used when a digital channel status becomes "Normal" after an
"Alarm" is solved. Delay to Normal for all digital input channels of this link.
Range of 0.0-99.0 sec in tenth of seconds.
 Alarm on Sensor/Wire Failures (YES/NO), default YES:
Flag if Sensor Failure has to be handled as an alarm
 Handle analog value on Sensor Failure:
Channel Update Flag in case of sensor failure.
o freeze last valid; display ' ---- '
o freeze last valid; display last valid
o update, display update
o update, display ' ---- '
 Two Wire PTD:
Enables configuration option in analog input channel dialog. Switch it on if you
need to correct PTD values.
 System Common Mode Rejection (Hz):
Select the Frequency to be handled for Common Mode Rejection (50 or 60 Hz
can be used).

7.5.1.2 Communication settings

The following dialog appears when in the tree of the previous paragraph the
‘Communication Settings’ has been selected:

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Server Settings:
 Control Processor (XP) life check time out (active link timer):
Wait time in seconds between the point that XP’s missing and the system
reports diagnostic error and actually switches to standby link.
 Control Processor (XP) life check time out (inactive link timer):
Wait time in seconds between the point that XP’s missing and the system
reports diagnostic error and actually switches to standby link.
 Send download if XP is empty:
When XP has no set-up information it will automatically ask to IO-Server give
me my setup information. XP will always do this, with this flag IO-Server can
be set not to answer to this call.
 Value to zero if XP is not present:
When XP becomes not present the channel values will be set to zero if this
flag is set to Yes, if set to No the values will Freeze.

7.5.1.3 Add and delete XP’s and Modules

 Adding an XP:
 Group:
 Select the Product Group to be used for the XP.
 Nr / P:
 Enter the XP number in the field ‘Nr’ in the table. This number
represents the unique number for each XP. Valid entries are
from 1 until 99.
 Panel:
 Enter module type by selecting the area the system will offer a
dropdown list to select the desired module type.

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 SwID:
 Enter module type by selecting the area the system will offer a
dropdown list to select the desired module type.
 Module type:
 Select this area in the module table. The system will offer a
dropdown list to select the desired module.

There can be up to 8 hardware or virtual (‘NoHW’) I/O modules

installed on one I/O processor. LCD (PMS) panels can have up
to 5 hardware or virtual modules.

 Deleting (a) module(s):

 Select the specific type. And select ‘None’ in the dropdown list. The
related module(s) will be deleted from the table.

 Modules connected to a processor must be continues. No gaps in the address

numbers are allowed. For example, if module 3 is set to "None", and module 4
is a "NoHW", then the setup will not work. Module 4 should be moved to the
position of 3.

7.5.2 DIN type XP table setup

Each DIN type I/O processor has a table for the connection of local system functions
to local I/O channels, the location of these tables is in the tree area just below the
module table, see the following image of the tree area:

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By selecting one of the XP the setup area will show the settings at the right side of
the tree.

7.5.2.1 General settings

This setup enables setting the tag creation, communication and several other
functionalities:

 Name: The name of the XP which can be used in other fields (such as
Automatic Tag Creation)
 Automatic Tag Creation: The format for the tags that the channels on
this XP will be created by the system. Several special keywords can be
used which will change per channel.
The <XP> keyword will be replaced for a 2 digit XP number.
The <B> keyword will be replaced for a 1 digit Module number.
The <CH> keyword will be replaced for a 2 digit Channel number.
 Automatic Display Deviation:
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 When checked: display deviation will hidden at channel configuration,

and automatically set at highest precision.
Example: nr of decimals = 1, display deviation = 0.1.
 Mini-Guard Panel – No Download
 When this processor is configured as Mini-guard Panel like: Fire-Alarm
Panel this checkbox should be turned on. There will be no
configuration settings downloaded to the panel by the IOServer
(Marine-PC). This type of panels have their own configuration and
needs configured by the panel itself. But the system (IOServer /
Camclient) needs some configuration to know the panel is present and
for display the channels values from this Mini-Guard panels.
 Use Processor Range:
 When having a configuration where several processors which have
exactly the same configuration.
And local channels needs to send/receive to other processor with
same configuration, this feature needed to be used.
For Example: a PMS having 3 generators with the same configuration
(XP61..XP63):
1) download XP61 to first Panel (address XP 61)
2) download XP61 to second Panel (power down first panel, make
address also XP 61 on second panel)
3) download XP61 to third Panel (power down first and second panel,
make address also XP 61 on third panel)
4) change address on second Panel (address should be made XP 62)
5) change address on third Panel (address should be made XP 63)
 IP Address: This field is for information purpose only. The IP address
must be used as automatic defined by the system (can not be changed).
 Port: This field is for information purpose only. The Port must be used as
automatic defined by the system, it cannot be changed
 Use order printer: The order printer will print alarms.
 ComPort: The Comport Nr. To be used for Order Printer.
 Use local time on order printer: The System will take time zone into
consideration and print local time instead of GMT (Universal Time).
 Use Master clock update: Master clock pulse inputs connected to XP will
update the system time.
 Remote data: Add or remove Remote Data DLL’s to this XP.
 Folder name: Set name of the folder in which the XP must be grouped in
the tree.
 Status text set number: Select which set of status texts are used for
channels on this XP
 Document Database:

 Description: For generating IOList with MsExcel a program is created

with name DocGen.exe; for its output it is possible to document with PAL.
For each processor it's location and it's function description can be
documented.

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 Location: For generating IOList with MsExcel a program is created with

name DocGen.exe; for its output it is possible to document with PAL. For
each processor it's location and it's function description can be
documented.

7.5.2.2 Miscellaneous Table

This setup enables XP functions that can be connected to local I/O channels:

The local system functions can be defined as follows:

 Acknowledge Input:
 The digital input channel will, when active, acknowledge the active
alarms of this XP.
 Stop Horn Input:
 The digital input channel will, when active, de-activate the local Horn
Output of this XP.
 Lamp Test Input:
 The digital input channel will, when active, activate all alarm
indicators (and digital outputs with 'lamptest' on) of this XP.
 System On Output:
 The digital output channel will be activated when the XP is switched
on and is running.
 Horn Output Follows Channel:
 The digital input channel, will force the Horn output of this XP.
 System fail:
 The system fail LED input channel, is used to set the XP in system
fail.
 1131 Restart:
 The configured digital input channel connected to this function
will restart IEC-1131 program of this I/O Processor.
 1131 Restart Exit LCD Parameter:

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 The configured digital input channel connected to this function

will restart IEC-1131 program of this I/O Processor. This will only be
done after LCD Menu is used on this I/O Processor.
 Enter LCD Parameter Menu:
 The configured digital input channel connected to this function
will have status "ON" when LCD Menu is being use on this I/O
Processor.
 Exit LCD Parameter Menu:
 The configured digital input channel connected to this function
will have status "ON" after LCD Menu is used on this I/O Processor.

7.5.2.3 I/O Module setup

Expanding the tree area on the specific module will give you for example the
following image:

If you select the module in the tree area the system will show you the right setup
area.

For each module you can setup channels (hardware or virtual), conversion tables,
function block implementations, parameter layout and eventual stored pulse
counters.

The following setup can be entered for the selected type:

 Name:
 Enter the name for this XP. This field is used for documentary
reasons only. The Name will be used in the tree area.
 Type:
 Module type selected when inserting. This field cannot been changed
afterwards.
 Number:
 Module number defined at insertion. This field cannot been changed.
 Disable Board – No Alarms and No Download:
 If this is checked the alarming of the IOBoard will not be done.

7.5.2.4 Channel setup general

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Selecting the 'Channels' folder in the tree area will expand the tree with all channels
for that specific module. Selecting a channel will give you the specific setup fields of
the selected channel. The setup fields are related to the channel type of that specific.
The following channel types are supported:
 Analog input
 Digital input
 Analog output
 Digital output
 Pulse input
 Average

7.5.2.5 Digital Input Channel Setup

If you select a channel with the channel-type set to Digital input the system will
provide you with the following setup fields:

7.5.2.5.1 Standard Set-up Digital Input Channel

 Tag Name: Enter any tag up to 10 characters. Tags must be unique. The
system will automatically assign a tag number based on the settings in the
General XP setup.
 Description: Enter any descriptive text up to 40 characters.
 Type:
 For digital hardware inputs: select ‘Digital Input’.

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 For analog hardware inputs: select ‘Digital Input'. If you use this
option, in some cases you will need a digital input Sensor Adapter on
the module for this channel (Refer to project related I/O list for
Sensor Adapter Type).
 If you select a Type which does not correspond with the physical
hardware related to that channel (for example 'ANALOG' for a real
hardware digital input channel) the channel will behave as a virtual
channel of that selected type (See paragraph Virtual Channels , page
158).
 Skip:
 Select ‘NO’ (channel is processed).
 Select ‘YES’ (channel is NOT processed).
 Source:
 Select ‘Not Installed’ to set this channel as 'Not Installed, the value of
this channel is undefined.
 Select 'Hardware Input', to use the value of the physical hardware
input.
 Select 'Other Channel', to use the status information from another
channel.
 Select ‘Mimic’, to use the value of a Mimic.
 Select ‘Mimic Pulse’, to use the value of a Mimic Once (Requires IEC
– 1131).
 Select 'Remote Data', to use this digital value to be driven by an
external device.
 Select ‘IEC – 1131’, to use this digital value to be driven by IEC –
1131.
 Norm.Cond.:
 Select ‘OPEN’ for a, default Normally Open, contact on the input or
normal value from source = 1.
 Select ‘CLOSED’ for a, default Normally Closed, contact on the input
or normal value from source = 0.
 Fail Detect:
This is an option to enable 'Wire Failure' detection on the sensor. If a
Failure is detected it will be reported as an alarm message line on the
printer and on the 'ALARM PAGE' on the monitor and if the value of this
channel is used in a Graphic Page the value will change its color to red.
 For digital hardware inputs:
 Select ‘NONE’ if no wire failure detection is required (hardware
wire failure detection circuitry is not available for this type of
input).
 For analog hardware inputs, set-up to be used as digital input, set
one of the following options:
 Select 'NONE' if no wire failure detection is required.
 Select 'SENSOR' if wire failure detection is required. (For
connection of sensors, refer to 'Typical Signal and Sensor
Connection Diagram' in the project related drawings).

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 Select ‘Channel’, to use the Sensfail status of this channel.

 Select ‘Channel Status’, to use the Limit status of this channel.
 Report:
The Report option is to select what alarm report feature(s) will be activated
if the alarm, or status change is detected. The following selections are
possible:
 EMERGENCY
General emergency alarm. An alarm given in the case of an
emergency to all persons on board summoning passengers and
crew to assembly stations.
Fire alarm. An alarm to summon the crew in the case of fire.
Water ingress detection main alarm. An alarm given when
the water level reaches the main alarm level in cargo holds or
other spaces on bulk carriers or single hold cargo ships.
Those alerts giving warning of immediate personnel hazard,
including:
Fire-extinguishing pre-discharge alarm. An alarm
warning of the imminent release of fire- extinguishing
medium into a space.
Power-operated sliding watertight door closing alarm.
An alarm required by SOLAS regulation II-1/15.7.1.6,
warning of the closing of a power-operated sliding
watertight door.
For special ships (e.g., high-speed craft), additional alarms
may be classified as emergency alarms in addition to the
ones defined above.
 ALARM
If the Report Option ''ALARM' is selected the system will post an
alarm message line on the printer and the 'ALARM PAGE' and it will
activate the HORN output.
The return to normal condition will change the alarm status text on
the alarm message line on the 'ALARM PAGE' and it will post an
alarm message line to the printer with the actual channel information.
Machinery alarm. An alarm which indicates a malfunction or other
abnormal condition of the machinery and electrical installations.
Steering gear alarm. An alarm which indicates a malfunction or
other abnormal condition of the steering gear system, e.g.,
overload alarm, phase failure alarm, no-voltage alarm and
hydraulic oil tank low-level alarm.
Control system fault alarm. An alarm which indicates a failure of an
automatic or remote control system, e.g., the navigation bridge
propulsion control failure alarm.
Bilge alarm. An alarm which indicates an abnormally high level of
bilge water.
Water ingress detection pre-alarm. An alarm given when the water
level reaches a lower level in cargo holds or other spaces on bulk
carriers or single hold cargo ships.

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Engineers’ alarm. An alarm to be operated from the engine control

room or at the maneuvering platform, as appropriate, to alert
personnel in the engineers’ accommodation that assistance is
needed in the engine-room.
Personnel alarm. An alarm to confirm the safety of the engineer on
duty when alone in the machinery spaces.
Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System (BNWAS). Second and
third stage remote audible alarm as required by resolution
MSC.128(75).
Fire detection alarm. An alarm to alert the crew in the onboard
safety centre, the continuously manned central control station, the
navigation bridge or main fire control station or elsewhere that a
fire has been detected.
Fixed local application fire-extinguishing system activation
alarm. An alarm to alert the crew that the system has been
discharged, with indication of the section activated.
Alarms indicating faults in alert management or detection systems
or loss of their power supplies.
Cargo alarm. An alarm which indicates abnormal conditions
originating in cargo, or in systems for the preservation or safety of
cargo.
Gas detection alarm. An alarm which indicates that gas has been
detected.
Power-operated watertight door fault alarms. Alarms which
indicate low level in hydraulic fluid reservoirs, low gas pressure or
loss of stored energy in hydraulic accumulators, and loss of
electrical power supply for power-operated sliding watertight
doors.
Navigation-related alarms as specified in the Revised Performance
Standards for Integrated Navigation Systems (INS) (resolution
MSC.252(83), appendix 5).
For special ships (e.g., high-speed craft), additional alerts may be
classified as alarms in addition to the ones defined above.
 WARNING
Refer to chapter 10 Alert and Indicator Locations of IMO Resolution
A.1021(26); Adopted on 2 December 2009.
 CAUTION
Refer to chapter 10 Alert and Indicator Locations of IMO Resolution
A.1021(26); Adopted on 2 December 2009.
 STATUS
The Report Option 'STATUS ' signifies that the signal is not activating
an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and is not activating the
HORN output. But it will activate the posting of a status message line
on the printer if the input changes (The Print Status option is set to
'Both').
Note: If the Sensor Failure is used and the Sensor Failure is
activated, it will create an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and
it will post an alarm message line on the printer.
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 ALARM NO HORN
The Report Option 'ALARM NO HORN' signifies that the signal is
activating an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and is not activating
the HORN output on the DIN Module.
 Area Groups:
Each channel can be included in up to 8 Area Groups. Area Groups can
be used as 'GROUP PAGE' for display (Max 128 'GROUP PAGES') and/or
it can be configured to activate (an) LED indicator(s) on a Bridge Group
Panel, Mess room Panel or Cabin Panel and it will activate the Horn
Output of the corresponding Panel. In the system we have a maximum of
256 Area Groups:
 Print Status:
Note: Alarm message lines are always sent to the printer.
The following selections are possible for status information:
 With Report Option 'OFF', you can select:
 No posting of status message lines on the printer for this
channel.
 With Report Option 'ACTIVE ONLY', you can select:
 Posting a status message line on the printer each time a status
change from 'OFF' to 'ON' is detected for this channel.
 With Report Option 'BOTH', you can select:
 Posting a status message line on the printer each time a status
change is detected for this channel.
 Alarm Delay: Enter 0 to 99 sec (seconds) or min (minutes) before an
alarm condition is to be reported.
 Inhibitor.: Type '0' to select ‘NONE’ if no alarm inhibit is desired, or enter
the channel number(refer to paragraph 4.2 Channel, Table, Numbering,
page 17) which must inhibit the alarming of this channel.
 Inhib Delay: Enter 0 to 99 sec (seconds) or min (minutes) before the
inhibition is released after the inhibiting channel reverts to default.
 Status Texts: Depending on the Report setting the system will show you
either Alarm Text Messages or Status Text Messages. Select from 16
groups of texts and associated (text) colors shown in the window, to
represent the channel’s status. (Texts themselves can be modified from
another menu (page 163).

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7.5.2.5.2 Status Source Other Channel

A digital and a virtual input can be configured, to be driven by another channel’s

status. This channel can be a digital in- or output, or an analog input:

 Type:
Select ‘Digital Input’, to use this channel as a digital channel.
 Source: Select ‘Other channel’ to use the status information from another
channel.
 Norm.Cond.: Select ‘OPEN’ or ‘CLOSED’ for the default signal from the
other channel.
 From Chan: Enter the channel (see paragraph 4.2.1 Channel Numbering,
page 17) whose status to use as input.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.5.1 Standard Set-up
Digital Input Channel, page 125.

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7.5.2.5.3 Status Only With Logging Option

When no alarming is desired, a channel can be used for monitoring only. In this case
you can still log the channel to a printer:

 Report:
Select 'Status'
 Print Status:
Select 'Both' to log the status changes to the printer, 'Off' Otherwise. If you
select 'Active Only' this channel will only be reported on the printer if the
value changes from zero to one.
Note: If the Fail Detect is set to 'Sensor' or 'Channel' or ‘Channel Status’
and there is an active failure signal, this will be reported on the Alarm
Page (and printer).

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.5.1 Standard Set-up
Digital Input Channel, page 125.

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7.5.2.6 Analog Input Channel Setup

If you select a channel with the channel-type set to Analog input the system will
provide you with the following setup fields:

Prior to setting up an analog input a hardware analog input module must be

configured. This module can be setup in the Processor Position table.

7.5.2.6.1 Standard Set-Up Analog Input Channel

 Tag Name: Enter any tag up to 10 characters. Tags must be unique.

 Description: Enter any descriptive text up to 40 characters.
 Type:
 Select ‘ANALOG INPUT’ for a hardware analog input channel.
Analog channels can be set-up and used as Digital inputs, refer to
paragraph 7.5.2.5 Digital Input Channel Setup, page 125.
 If you select a Type which does not correspond with the physical
hardware related to that channel (for example 'DIG-OUT' for a real
hardware analog input channel) the channel will behave as a virtual
channel of that selected type (See paragraph 7.5.2.11, page 158).
 Skip:
 Select ‘No’ (channel is processed),
 Select ‘Yes’ (channel is NOT processed).
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 Source:
 Select from the drop down list to set-up this channel (see below),
 Select Not used to set this channel as 'Not Used', the value of this
channel is undefined.
 Scan Rate: Select a time at which interval the channel must be
processed.
 Fail Detect:
This is an option to enable 'Failure' detection on the sensor. If a Failure is
detected it will be reported as an alarm message line on the printer and on
the 'ALARM PAGE' on the monitor and if the value of this channel is used
in a Graphic Page the value will change its color to red.
 Select 'None' if no failure detection is required.
 Select 'Sensor' if failure detection is required. The detection is
activated if one of the measurable limits are exceeded. (For
connection of sensors, refer to 'Typical Signal and Sensor
Connection Diagram' in the project related drawings).
 Select ‘Channel’, to use the Sensorfail status of this Channel.
 Select ‘Channel Status’, to use the limit status of this Channel.
 Filter Samples: Enter the number of samples (Scans) which has to be
used to calculate the running average. Valid entries are from 1 until 8. The
running average will be used for displaying and alarming.
 Displ. Deviat: Enter the minimal deviation of the value from the last
update, to exceed before the value is updated (on the screen) again.
 Limit Type: Select from 6 options on which condition(s) an alarm must be
generated.
 Nr Of Dec: Enter the number of decimals and this will be used for display.
When this item is changed the display deviation will change automatically
also.
 Lowest Limit: Enter value for the lower alarm limit.
 Highest Limit: Enter value for the higher alarm limit.
 Rate Alarm:
 Enter a value change (in ‘Eng Unit’ per scan) which must generate
an alarm if exceeded.
 Select ‘NONE’ if no rate alarm is desired.
 Report:
The Report option is to select what alarm report feature(s) will be activated
if the alarm, or status change is detected. The following selections are
possible:

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 EMERGENCY
 General emergency alarm. An alarm given in the case of an
emergency to all persons on board summoning passengers and
crew to assembly stations.
 Fire alarm. An alarm to summon the crew in the case of fire.
 Water ingress detection main alarm. An alarm given when the
water level reaches the main alarm level in cargo holds or other
spaces on bulk carriers or single hold cargo ships.
 Those alerts giving warning of immediate personnel hazard,
including:
o Fire-extinguishing pre-discharge alarm. An alarm
warning of the imminent release of fire- extinguishing
medium into a space.
o Power-operated sliding watertight door closing alarm.
An alarm required by SOLAS regulation II-1/15.7.1.6,
warning of the closing of a power-operated sliding
watertight door.
 For special ships (e.g., high-speed craft), additional alarms may
be classified as emergency alarms in addition to the ones
defined above.
 ALARM
If the Report Option ''ALARM' is selected the system will post an
alarm message line on the printer and the 'ALARM PAGE' and it will
activate the HORN output.
The return to normal condition will change the alarm status text on
the alarm message line on the 'ALARM PAGE' and it will post an
alarm message line to the printer with the actual channel information.
Machinery alarm. An alarm which indicates a malfunction or other
abnormal condition of the machinery and electrical installations.
Steering gear alarm. An alarm which indicates a malfunction or
other abnormal condition of the steering gear system, e.g.,
overload alarm, phase failure alarm, no-voltage alarm and
hydraulic oil tank low-level alarm.
Control system fault alarm. An alarm which indicates a failure of an
automatic or remote control system, e.g., the navigation bridge
propulsion control failure alarm.
Bilge alarm. An alarm which indicates an abnormally high level of
bilge water.
Water ingress detection pre-alarm. An alarm given when the water
level reaches a lower level in cargo holds or other spaces on bulk
carriers or single hold cargo ships.
Engineers’ alarm. An alarm to be operated from the engine control
room or at the manoeuvring platform, as appropriate, to alert
personnel in the engineers’ accommodation that assistance is
needed in the engine-room.
Personnel alarm. An alarm to confirm the safety of the engineer on
duty when alone in the machinery spaces.

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Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System (BNWAS). Second and

third stage remote audible alarm as required by resolution
MSC.128(75).
Fire detection alarm. An alarm to alert the crew in the onboard
safety centre, the continuously manned central control station, the
navigation bridge or main fire control station or elsewhere that a
fire has been detected.
Fixed local application fire-extinguishing system activation
alarm. An alarm to alert the crew that the system has been
discharged, with indication of the section activated.
Alarms indicating faults in alert management or detection systems
or loss of their power supplies.
Cargo alarm. An alarm which indicates abnormal conditions
originating in cargo, or in systems for the preservation or safety of
cargo.
Gas detection alarm. An alarm which indicates that gas has been
detected.
Power-operated watertight door fault alarms. Alarms which
indicate low level in hydraulic fluid reservoirs, low gas pressure or
loss of stored energy in hydraulic accumulators, and loss of
electrical power supply for power-operated sliding watertight
doors.
Navigation-related alarms as specified in the Revised Performance
Standards for Integrated Navigation Systems (INS) (resolution
MSC.252(83), appendix 5).
For special ships (e.g., high-speed craft), additional alerts may be
classified as alarms in addition to the ones defined above.
 WARNING
Refer to chapter 10 Alert and Indicator Locations of IMO Resolution
A.1021(26); Adopted on 2 December 2009.
 CAUTION
Refer to chapter 10 Alert and Indicator Locations of IMO Resolution
A.1021(26); Adopted on 2 December 2009.
 STATUS
The Report Option 'STATUS ' signifies that the signal is not activating
an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and is not activating the
HORN output. But it will activate the posting of a status message line
on the printer if the input changes (The Print Status option is set to
'Both').
Note: If the Sensor Failure is used and the Sensor Failure is
activated, it will create an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and
it will post an alarm message line on the printer.
 ALARM NO HORN
The Report Option 'ALARM NO HORN' signifies that the signal is
activating an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and is not
activating the HORN output on the DIN Module.
 Area Groups:

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Each channel can be included in up to 8 Area Groups. Area Groups can

be used as 'GROUP PAGE' for display (Max 128 'GROUP PAGES') and/or
it can be configured to activate (an) LED indicator(s) on a Bridge Group
Panel, Mess room Panel or Cabin Panel and it will activate the Horn
Output of the corresponding Panel. In the system we have a maximum of
256 Area Groups:
 Print Status:
Note: Alarm message lines are always sent to the printer.
The following selections are possible for status information:
 With Report Option 'OFF', you can select:
 No posting of status message lines on the printer for this
channel.
 With Report Option 'ACTIVE ONLY', you can select:
 Posting a status message line on the printer each time a status
change from 'OFF' to 'ON' is detected for this channel.
 With Report Option 'BOTH', you can select:
 Posting a status message line on the printer each time a status
change is detected for this channel.
 Alarm Delay: Enter 0 to 99 sec (seconds) or min (minutes) before an
alarm condition is to be reported.
 Dead Band: Enter the band (% of ‘Eng Unit’ range) below an alarm limit in
which the alarm condition must remain.
 Inhibitor.: Type '0' to select ‘NONE’ if no alarm inhibit is desired, or enter
the channel number(refer to paragraph 4.2 Channel, Table, Numbering,
page 17) which must inhibit the alarming of this channel.
 Inhib Delay: Enter 0 to 99 sec (seconds) or min (minutes) before the
inhibition is released after the inhibiting channel reverts to default.
 Status Texts: Depending on the Report setting the system will show you
either Alarm Text Messages or Status Text Messages. Select from 16
groups of texts and associated (text) colors shown in the window, to
represent the channel’s status. (Texts themselves can be modified from
another menu (page 163).

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7.5.2.6.2 Pre-defined Thermocouple

An analog hardware input can be configured as a pre-defined thermocouple sensor:

Sensor: Select the corresponding thermocouple sensor.
Cold Junction: Enter the channel (refer to paragraph 4.2.1 Channel Numbering, page
17) to compensate for ambient temperature.

7.5.2.6.3 Pre-defined RTD

An analog hardware input can be configured as a pre-defined RTD sensor:

Sensor: Select the corresponding RTD sensor.

7.5.2.6.4 User Defined Sensor

An analog hardware input can be configured for a user defined sensor:

Enter the following settings:
 Sensor: Select the corresponding sensor.
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 Convert Table: Select 'None’: a linear range can now be set-up (see
next).
 Eng Unit Low: Enter the low end of the linear range.
 Eng Unit High: Enter the high end of the linear range.
 Eng Unit Type: Enter up to 4 characters to represent the unit type of the
range.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.6.1 Standard Set-Up
Analog Input Channel, page 132.

It is also possible to choose from one of 16 user defined linearization tables, e.g. a
tank table. The tables themselves can be modified from another menu, see
paragraph 7.5.3 Conversion Tables, page 161).

Enter the following settings:

 Source: Select the corresponding sensor (Not pre-defined Thermocouple
or pre-defined RTD).
 Convert Table: Select the required conversion table. The system will
automatically fill in the high- and low engineering unit range according to
the selected conversion table.
 Eng Unit Type: Enter up to 4 characters to represent the unit type of the
range.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.6.1 Standard Set-Up
Analog Input Channel, page 132.
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7.5.2.6.5 Value Source Other Channel

An analog and a virtual input can be configured to take as its input from another
analog input channel’s process value (e.g. to convert height into contents with a tank
table):

Enter the following settings:

 Type: Select ‘Analog Input’.
 Source: Select 'Other Channel Value' to select this option.
 From Chan: Enter the channel (see paragraph 4.2.1 Channel Numbering,
page 17) whose value to use as input.
 Fail Detect: ‘Sensor’ is not available.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.6.1 Standard Set-Up
Analog Input Channel, page 132.

7.5.2.6.6 Value Source 1131 Variable

An analog and a virtual input can be configured to follow the analog output of IEC -
1131:

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Enter the following settings:

 Type: Select ‘Analog Input’.
 Source: IEC - 1131 to select this option.
 Fail Detect: Select ‘Sensor’ to generate an alarm if the function value is
outside the ‘Eng Unit’ range, or choose ‘NONE'.
 Eng Unit Low: Enter the low cut-off end of the function value.
 Eng Unit High: Enter the high cut-off end of the function value.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.6.1 Standard Set-Up
Analog Input Channel, page 132.

7.5.2.6.7 Failure Forced By 1131

Any type of analog input can be forced into a failure status according to the digital
output of another channel:

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Enter the following settings:

 Fail Detect: Enter the function connection scheme name and function
output (see paragraph 4.2.2 Interface with 1131 , page 18) to use as
failure signal.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.6.1 Standard Set-Up
Analog Input Channel, page 132.

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7.5.2.6.8 Status Only With Logging Option

When no alarming is desired, a channel can be used for monitoring only. In this case
you can still log the channel to a printer:

Enter the following settings:

 Report: Select ‘Status'.
 Print Status:
Select 'Both' to log the status changes to the printer, 'Off' Otherwise. The
setting 'Active Only' will only report this channel on the printer if the value
changes from zero to one.
Note: If the Fail Detect is set and there is an active failure signal, this will
be reported on the Alarm Page (and printer).

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.6.1 Standard Set-Up
Analog Input Channel, page 132.

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7.5.2.7 Pulse Input Channel Setup

When a pulse-input channel is selected the following appears on the screen, for
example:

7.5.2.7.1 Standard Set-Up Pulse Input Channel

Tag Name:
 Enter any tag up to 10 characters. Tags must be unique.
Description:
 Enter any descriptive text up to 40 characters.
Type:
 Shows ‘Pulse Input’ as information only.
Skip:
 Select ‘No’ (channel is processed).
 Select ‘Yes’ (channel is NOT processed).
Source:
 Select 'Not Installed' to remove this channel from set-up.
 Select 'Frequency Counter' to use this input as a frequency counter.
 Select 'Pulse Counter' to use this channel as a pulse counter.
 Select 'Cascaded Frequency' to use this channel as a cascaded frequency
counter.
 Select 'Speed Counter' to use this channel as a speed counter (interrupt
driven)

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 Select 'Up/Down Counter' to use a channel of this module as an Up- Down

Counter
 Select 'Stored Pulse Counter' to use this cannel for stored pulse counting
Fail Detect:
 Select ‘None’ (fail detection is not available).
 Failure detection can be driven via an output of a function block
connection scheme.
Eng Unit Type:
 Enter up to 4 characters to represent the unit type of the range.
Displ. Deviat:
 Minimal deviation of the value from the last update, to exceed before the
value is updated again. This is used for all updates, between XP’s and
between XP and server.
Limit Type:
 Select from 6 options on which condition(s) an alarm must be generated.
Nr Of Dec:
 Enter the number of decimals and this will be used for display. When this
item is changed the display deviation will change automatically also.
Lowest Limit:
 Enter value for the lower alarm limit.
Highest Limit:
 Enter value for the higher alarm limit.
Rate Alarm:
 Enter a value change (in ‘Eng Unit’ per scan) which must generate an
alarm if exceeded. Select ‘None’ if no rate alarm is desired.
Report:
The Report option is to select what alarm report feature(s) will be activated
if the alarm or status change is detected. The following selections are
possible:
 EMERGENCY
 General emergency alarm. An alarm given in the case of an
emergency to all persons on board summoning passengers and
crew to assembly stations.
 Fire alarm. An alarm to summon the crew in the case of fire.
 Water ingress detection main alarm. An alarm given when the
water level reaches the main alarm level in cargo holds or other
spaces on bulk carriers or single hold cargo ships.
 Those alerts giving warning of immediate personnel hazard,
including:
o Fire-extinguishing pre-discharge alarm. An alarm
warning of the imminent release of fire- extinguishing
medium into a space.
o Power-operated sliding watertight door closing alarm.
An alarm required by SOLAS regulation II-1/15.7.1.6,
warning of the closing of a power-operated sliding
watertight door.

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 For special ships (e.g., high-speed craft), additional alarms may

be classified as emergency alarms in addition to the ones
defined above.
 ALARM
If the Report Option ''ALARM' is selected the system will post an
alarm message line on the printer and the 'ALARM PAGE' and it will
activate the HORN output.
The return to normal condition will change the alarm status text on
the alarm message line on the 'ALARM PAGE' and it will post an
alarm message line to the printer with the actual channel information.
Machinery alarm. An alarm which indicates a malfunction or other
abnormal condition of the machinery and electrical installations.
Steering gear alarm. An alarm which indicates a malfunction or
other abnormal condition of the steering gear system, e.g.,
overload alarm, phase failure alarm, no-voltage alarm and
hydraulic oil tank low-level alarm.
Control system fault alarm. An alarm which indicates a failure of an
automatic or remote control system, e.g., the navigation bridge
propulsion control failure alarm.
Bilge alarm. An alarm which indicates an abnormally high level of
bilge water.
Water ingress detection pre-alarm. An alarm given when the water
level reaches a lower level in cargo holds or other spaces on bulk
carriers or single hold cargo ships.
Engineers’ alarm. An alarm to be operated from the engine control
room or at the manoeuvring platform, as appropriate, to alert
personnel in the engineers’ accommodation that assistance is
needed in the engine-room.
Personnel alarm. An alarm to confirm the safety of the engineer on
duty when alone in the machinery spaces.
Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System (BNWAS). Second and
third stage remote audible alarm as required by resolution
MSC.128(75).
Fire detection alarm. An alarm to alert the crew in the onboard
safety centre, the continuously manned central control station, the
navigation bridge or main fire control station or elsewhere that a
fire has been detected.
Fixed local application fire-extinguishing system activation
alarm. An alarm to alert the crew that the system has been
discharged, with indication of the section activated.
Alarms indicating faults in alert management or detection systems
or loss of their power supplies.
Cargo alarm. An alarm which indicates abnormal conditions
originating in cargo, or in systems for the preservation or safety of
cargo.
Gas detection alarm. An alarm which indicates that gas has been
detected.

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Power-operated watertight door fault alarms. Alarms which

indicate low level in hydraulic fluid reservoirs, low gas pressure or
loss of stored energy in hydraulic accumulators, and loss of
electrical power supply for power-operated sliding watertight
doors.
Navigation-related alarms as specified in the Revised Performance
Standards for Integrated Navigation Systems (INS) (resolution
MSC.252(83), appendix 5).
For special ships (e.g., high-speed craft), additional alerts may be
classified as alarms in addition to the ones defined above.
 WARNING
Refer to chapter 10 Alert and Indicator Locations of IMO Resolution
A.1021(26); Adopted on 2 December 2009.
 CAUTION
Refer to chapter 10 Alert and Indicator Locations of IMO Resolution
A.1021(26); Adopted on 2 December 2009.
 STATUS
The Report Option 'STATUS ' signifies that the signal is not activating
an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and is not activating the
HORN output. But it will activate the posting of a status message line
on the printer if the input changes (The Print Status option is set to
'Both').
Note: If the Sensor Failure is used and the Sensor Failure is
activated, it will create an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and
it will post an alarm message line on the printer.
 ALARM NO HORN
The Report Option 'ALARM NO HORN' signifies that the signal is
activating an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and is not
activating the HORN output on the DIN Module.
Area Groups:
Each channel can be included in up to 8 Area Groups. Area Groups can
be used as 'GROUP PAGE' for display (Max 128 'GROUP PAGES') and/or
it can be configured to activate (an) LED indicator(s) on a Bridge Group
Panel, Mess room Panel or Cabin Panel and it will activate the Horn
Output of the corresponding Panel. In the system we have a maximum of
256 Area Groups:
Print Status:
Note: Alarm message lines are always sent to the printer.
The following selections are possible for status information:
 With Report Option 'OFF', you can select:
 No posting of status message lines on the printer for this
channel.
 With Report Option 'ACTIVE ONLY', you can select:
 Posting a status message line on the printer each time a status
change from 'OFF' to 'ON' is detected for this channel.
 With Report Option 'BOTH', you can select:

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 Posting a status message line on the printer each time a status

change is detected for this channel.
Alarm Delay:
 Enter 1 to 99 sec(onds) or min(utes) before an alarm condition is to be
reported.
Dead Band:
 Enter the band (% of ‘Eng Unit’ range) below an alarm limit in which the
alarm condition must remain.
Inhibitor.:
 Select ‘None’ if no alarm inhibit is desired, or enter the channel
number(refer to paragraph 4.2 Channel, Table, Numbering, page 17)
which must inhibit the alarming of this channel.
Inhib Delay:
 Enter 1 to 99 sec(onds) or min(utes) before the inhibition is released after
the inhibiting channel reverts to default.
Status Texts:
 Select from 16 groups of texts shown in the window, to represent the
channel’s status. (Texts themselves can be modified from another menu
(See paragraph 7.5.4 Error! Reference source not found., page 163).

Note: The maximum input frequency for pulse inputs is approximately 4kHz.

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7.5.2.7.2 Pulse Input Channel used as Frequency Counter

A pulse input can be used as frequency counter (Select Sensor Type 'Frequency
Counter'). In this case the hardware counter will count the pulses during the Scan
Rate interval and process the accumulation at the end of Scan Rate interval.

 Pulse / Scan: Enter a value between 1 and 3000 to indicate the number of pulses
per Scan Rate (interval)
 Scan Rate: Processing interval on which the counter value will be evaluated
(processed)
 Range: Range limit when during the Scan Rate the number of Pulses / Scan are
counted.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.7.1 Standard Set-Up
Pulse Input Channel, page 143.

Example:

A flow meter that gives a frequency of 0-40 Hz for a flow of 0-500 Liter.
In the above sample the value will be processed each 5 seconds (Scan Rate). If we
count 150 pulses (equal to 30Hz) within this interval the value of this channel will
indicate

150(input)
 500(range)  375Liter .
200( Pulses / Scan)

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7.5.2.7.3 Pulse Input Channel used as Pulse Counter

A pulse input can be used for pulse counting (Select Sensor Type 'Pulse Counter'). In
this case the hardware counter will count pulses starting at the moment that the Start
Count input will change from ‘False’ to ‘True’. The counting will stop at the moment
the Stop Count will change from ‘False’ to ‘True’. The counter will reset at the
moment the Reset Count will change from ‘False’ to True’. The following screen view
will give you an example:

 Pulse / Range: Enter a value between 1 and 3000 to indicate the number of
pulses to be counted to set the output to 100% of the range. During counting the
output will be equal to:
Countervalue
xRange  Output
Pulse / Scan
 Range: Range limit for the output value.
 Start Count: Transition from ‘False’ to ‘True’ on this channel will start the
counting process. This channel must be a local channel on this I/O module.
 Stop Count: Transition from ‘False’ to ‘True’ on this channel will stop the counting
process. This channel must be a local channel on this I/O module.
 Reset: Transition from ‘False’ to ‘True’ on this channel will reset the counter. This
channel must be a local channel on this I/O module. If the reset is defined as the
pulse input channel itself, it will execute the reset command as soon as the output
has passed the highest limit.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.7.1 Standard Set-Up
Pulse Input Channel, page 143.

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7.5.2.7.4 Pulse Input Channel used as a Speed Counter (Interrupt driven)

The use of a pulse input as speed counter:
The following screen view shows you the setup

 Teeth/Rev.: Enter the number of teeth on the flywheel for one revolution.
Nr. Cylinder: Enter the number of cylinders for this engine
 Range: Range limit.
 Oversp. Teeth: Enter the detection level on the number of teeth per cylinder
when we have to detect the over speed.
 Overspeed RPM: Enter the limit for detection of over speed on RPM of the
engine.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.7.1 Standard Set-Up
Pulse Input Channel, page 143.

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7.5.2.7.5 Pulse Input Channel used as an Up- Down Counter

This setup is valid for the 6018-610 I/O module type. Pulse input channel xxx13 until
xxx15 can be used as an Up- Down counter. The UP or DOWN detection is realized
via the phase shift of two pulse inputs (channel xxx09 and channel xxx11) and is
automatically setting the count direction. Channels xxx09 and xxx11 must be setup
as cascaded counter (See paragraph Error! Reference source not found. Error!
Reference source not found., page Error! Bookmark not defined.). Channel
xxx10 is used for can only be used as a digital input to be able to read back the
status ‘UP’. Channel xxx12 is used for can only be used as a digital input to be able
to read back the status ‘DOWN’, detected by the hardware on this module. The
following screen view gives you an overview of the setup of such a counter:

 Pulse / Range: Enter a value between 1 and 3000 to indicate the number of
pulses to be counted to set the output to 100% of the range. During counting the
Countervalue
output will be equal to: xRange  Output
Pulse / Range
 Range: Range limit for the output value.
 Start Count: This field can be set to ‘UP’ to start the counter by the detection of
up counting (internal bit, see above). If this field is set to ‘DOWN’ the counter will
start counting by the detection of the status down counting (internal bit, see
above).
 Stop Count: This field can be set to ‘UP’ to stop the counter by the detection of
up counting (internal bit, see above). If this field is set to ‘DOWN’ the counter will
stop counting by the detection of the status by down counting (internal bit, see
above).

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 Reset: This field can be set to ‘UP’ to reset the counter by the detection of up
counting (internal bit, see above). If this field is set to ‘DOWN’ the counter will
reset counting by the detection of the status by down counting (internal bit, see
above).

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.7.1 Standard Set-Up
Pulse Input Channel, page 143.

Note: The Limit Type is not configurable and the reset channel is automatically set to
the current channel (not configurable), if the counter reaches the 'Highest Limit' the
counter will be reset and the counting continues.

7.5.2.8 Average Channel Setup

To guard engine cylinder temperatures the average channel is available. An average
channel is the average of multiple analog channels measuring the temperature of
each cylinder. The average channel can give an alarm when one of the channels
differs to much from the average.

Average channel setup dialog has the following fields:

Alarming:
 Select ‘YES’ to generate an alarm on any channel from the list, which deviates
too much from the average (average alarm). Select ‘NO’ for average value
calculation only.
Low Limit:
 Enter the limit, in engineering units above which the average must be to
evaluate average alarms.
Enter the deviation from the average, in engineering units, beyond which an average
alarm is generated:
Deviation (at Low Limit):
 Enter here the deviation at the ‘Low Limit’.
High Range:
 Enter a high range value if a non-linear deviation is desired.
Deviation at (High Range):
 Enter here the deviation at the ‘High Range’.
Note: For a linear deviation (you can enter ‘0’) both the High Range and
corresponding Deviation fields are not shown unless the cursor is on these fields. In
this case the High Range has no meaning and both Deviation fields hold the same
value.
Status Texts:
 Select from 16 groups of texts shown in the window, to represent the
channel’s status. (Texts themselves can be modified from another item).
Groups:

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Each alarm can activate up to 8 Group Alarms. Which will activate an LED indicator
on a Group Panel and it will activate the Horn Output of the corresponding Group
Panel. In the system we have a maximum of 256 Groups:
Table Enter the channel list:
CHANNEL:
 Enter the channels. Enter a blank field to remove a channel; enter ‘0’ to create
a new field. When getting beyond the last displayed channel, all channels are
scrolled one upwards (the ‘<<<’ sign shows more channels are present).
When getting beyond the first displayed channel, all channels are scrolled one
downwards (the ‘>>>’ sign shows more channels are present). An out of
memory message is displayed when all channels are used.
BIAS:
 Enter for each channel in the second field the bias, in engineering units, with
which the channel’s value is compensated before evaluating any average
alarm.
An Average Channel can be setup from channel number 37 and higher.
The low limit will inhibit alarming if the average temperature is lower then the low
limit.
The deviation at low limit will care that an alarm is set when the difference of between
the different channels is higher then the deviation at low limit.
With "High range" a different deviation can be used when the average is at this high
range. The deviation between the "low limit" and "high range" is calculated.
Example:
 Eng Unit = DegC
Low Limit = 0
Deviation at Low Limit = 30
High Range = 500
Deviation at High Range = 20
Now if the average temperature is 250 degrees, the deviation may be
250 / (500-0) = 0.5 (temperature is 50% of High range-Low limit)
20 - 30 = 10 (deviation difference is 10)
10 * 0.5 = 5 (50% of 10 is 5)
20 + 5 = 25 (deviation at 250 DegC is 25 DegC)
The BIAS factor is added to the channel value before it is used in average
calculation. A negative BIAS factor can be used to subtract values.

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7.5.2.9 Digital Output Channel Setup

A digital output channel (relay) can be driven by one of several selectable conditions.
When a digital output channel is selected the following appears on the screen, for

7.5.2.9.1 Standard Set-up Digital Output Channel

 Tag Name: Enter any tag up to 10 characters. Tags must be unique.
 Description: Enter any descriptive text up to 40 characters.
 Type: Shows ‘Digital Output' as information only.
 Source:
 Select ‘Not Installed’ to remove this channel from setup.
 Select ‘Multiple Channel' to activate the output on the status of one
or more channel(s). Maximal 125 channels can be setup in a multiple
channel.
 Select ‘Mimic’, to activate this output from a Mimic.
 Select ‘Mimic Pulse’, if the value is to be set from a Mimic and to be
used Once (requires IEC – 1131).
 Select 'Remote Data' (e.g. MODBUS) to activate this output via a
protocol.
 Select ‘IEC – 1131’, to activate this output via IEC – 1131.
 Norm. Status:
 Select ‘De-energized' for a, default Normally Open, contact on the
output.
 Select ‘Energized’ for a, default Normally Closed, contact on the
output.
 Print Status:
The following selections are possible for status information:
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 With Report Option 'OFF', you can select:

 No posting of status message lines on the printer for this
channel.
 With Report Option 'ACTIVE ONLY', you can select:
 Posting a status message line on the printer each time a status
change from 'OFF' to 'ON' is detected for this channel.
 With Report Option 'BOTH', you can select:
 Posting a status message line on the printer each time a status
change is detected for this channel.
 NO-ACK Pulse:
 Select ‘Yes’ if the output has to pulsate when the ‘Act. Cond.’
becomes true. In this case the output reverts to a continuous signal
when the condition is acknowledged.
 Select ‘No’ for continuous signal anyway.
 Status Texts: Select from 16 groups of texts shown in the window, to
represent the channel’s status. (Texts themselves can be modified from
another menu (page 163).
 Area Groups: Each channel can be included in up to 8 Area Groups. Area
Groups can be used as 'GROUP PAGE' for display (Max 128 'GROUP
PAGES') and/or it can be configured to activate (an) LED indicator(s) on a
Bridge Group Panel, Mess room Panel or Cabin Panel and it will activate
the Horn Output of the corresponding Panel. In the system we have a
maximum of 256 Area Groups:

7.5.2.9.2 Digital output activated on Multiple Channel Status

A number of channels can be allocated to one output. A channel can be a digital or

analog input or a digital output. The output is made active when any channel gets the
‘ALARM’ or ‘ON’ status.
 Activation Type:
 For repetitive average alarm: select ‘Average’. The output reverts to
default when no channel has an average alarm.
 For repetitive limit alarm: select ‘Limit’. The output reverts to default
when no channel has the ‘ALARM’ or ‘ON’ status.
 For repetitive not acknowledged limit alarm: select ‘Limit/ACK’. The
output reverts to default when no channel has on not acknowledged
‘ALARM’ or ‘ON’ status.
 For UMS average + limit + sensfail alarm: select ‘UMS’. The output
reverts to default when all channels are acknowledged.
 For repetitive average alarm including sensfail: select ‘Average +
Sensor Failed'. The output reverts to default when no channel has an
average alarm or sensor failure.
 For repetitive limit alarm including sensfail: select ‘Limit + Sensor
Failed'. The output reverts to default when no channel has the
‘ALARM’ or ‘ON’ status or sensor failure.

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 For repetitive not acknowledged limit alarm including sensor failure:

select ‘Limit + Sensor Failed/ACK’. The output reverts to default
when no channel has a not acknowledged sensor failure, ‘ALARM’ or
‘ON’ status.
 Pulse on next:
 Select ‘Yes’ when the output is to revert to default for a 2 sec. pulse,
when a 2nd or any further channel gets the ‘ALARM’ or ‘ON’ status
(not available for average).
 CHANNEL LIMIT:
 Enter the channels (see paragraph 4.2.1 Channel Numbering, page
17). Select the row by clicking on the row number and press delete to
remove a channel; press 'ALT Insert' to create a new field in the
table. Maximal 125 channels can be setup in a multiple channel.
 For analog input / pulse channels select in the second field the active
condition:
 Dig/Both:
Both limits (i.e. LOW + HIGH or HIGH + VERY HIGH, according
to channel set-up).
 Very Low:
Very low limit (this and next should correspond to channel set-
up).
 Low: Low limit
 High: High limit
 Very High: Very high limit
 For digital channels the second field should always be Dig/Both
(= digital).

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.9.1 Standard Set-up
Digital Output Channel, page 154.

7.5.2.10 Analog Output Channel Setup

Analog input channels can be redirected to analog output channels. When an analog
output channel is selected the following appears on the screen, for example:

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7.5.2.10.1 Analog Output Standard Setup

 Tag Name: Enter any tag up to 10 characters. Tags must be unique.
 Description: Enter any descriptive text up to 40 characters.
 Type: Select ‘Analog Output'.
 Input Type:
 Select 'Other Channel', to use this channel driven by another channel
 Select ‘Remote Data', to use this channel to be driven by a protocol (e.g.
MODBUS)
 Select ‘Mimic’, to use this channel to be driven by a Mimic.
 Select ‘IEC – 1131’, to use this channel to be driven by IEC – 1131.
 Select 'Not Installed' to remove this channel from set-up.
 Output: Select ‘0-20’ or ‘4-20’ mA.
 Displ. Deviat: Minimal deviation of the value from the last update, to exceed
before the value is updated (on the screen) again.
 Nr Of Dec: Enter the number of decimals and this will be used for display.
When this item is changed the display deviation will change automatically
also.
 Eng Unit Low: Enter the low end of the output range (0/4 mA).
 Eng Unit High: Enter the high end of the output range (20 mA).
 Eng Unit Type: Enter up to 4 characters to represent the unit type of the
range.
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 Area Groups: Each channel can be included in up to 8 Area Groups. Area

Groups can be used as 'GROUP PAGE' for display (Max 128 'GROUP
PAGES') and/or it can be configured to activate (an) LED indicator(s) on a
Bridge Group Panel, Mess room Panel or Cabin Panel and it will activate the
Horn Output of the corresponding Panel. In the system we have a maximum of
256 Area Groups:

7.5.2.10.2 Analog Output Channel driven by another channel

The following screen view gives you an example to use this channel to be driven by
the output of another channel:

 Input Type: Select 'Other Channel’.

 From Chan: Enter the channel number from the channel that will drive this
analog output.

For all other entries of this screen refer to paragraph 7.5.2.10.1 Analog Output
Standard Setup, page 157.

7.5.2.11 Virtual Channels Setup

Virtual channels have the same functionality as real (hardware based) channels, but
lack any physical I/O. They can be used for calculated input values, intermediate
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output results, alarming and logging purposes. The Sensor field determines where
the data is coming from.
When a virtual channel is selected the following appears on the screen, for example:

 Type: Select ‘Digital Input’, ’Analog Input’, ‘Digital Output' or ’Analog

Output'.

For the setup of a virtual channel refer to setup of the relevant channel type of
physical I/O channels.

7.5.2.11.1 Virtual Channels to be driven from a MODBUS Slave Device

It is possible to setup for a (virtual) channel to be driven by a MODBUS Slave Device.

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7.5.2.11.2 Virtual Channels to be driven from a NMEA / ATC-T Device

It is possible to setup for a (virtual) channel to be driven by a NMEA / ATC-T Device.

7.5.2.11.3 Virtual Channels to be driven from an External Caterpillar Device

It is possible to setup a virtual channel driven by an External Caterpillar Device.

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7.5.3 Conversion Tables

7.5.3.1 Conversion Table setup

Expanding the tree area on the specific board will give you for example the following
image:

For each board you can setup channels (hardware or virtual), conversion tables,
function block implementations, parameter layout and eventual parameters for stored
pulse counters.

7.5.3.2 Adding and Deleting Conversion Tables

 Adding a conversion table:

 Select in the related Field I/O Plugin folder, the I/O Board folder and
than the Conversion Table folder in the tree and click it with the right
pointing device key or press the context menu key on the keyboard.
Select 'Insert' from the context menu and the following menu will
appear:

 Name:
 Enter the user definable field to describe the username for this
table. This field is used for documentary reason only. This user
name will be used in the tree area.

 Deleting a table:
 Select the specific table in the tree area that should be deleted and
press the delete key on the keyboard.

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7.5.3.3 Conversion Table Setup

User defined linearization tables (e.g. tank table) can be set-up for analog input
channel conversion. Up to 16 tables can be setup for each I/O board. Select the
desired Conversion Table from the Tree area or create a new table on an I/O board.
The following screen will appear:

 Name: Enter the name of the table. This name will be used as indication in
references to this table and in the Tree Area.
 Using Engineering Unit for X-Values:
If checkbox is checked, two additional fields will appear to setup the X-
Value low and the X-Value high in engineering units. These values are
used to 'clip' the input if desired.
 X & Y Table:
In the 'X' column enter values between 0 and 1000.0 per mille; they span
the range of the input sensor. You must start from 0.0 (fixed!) and
conclude with 1000.0 (for the 16th -last possible- entry fixed!).
In the 'Y' column enter the corresponding value in engineering units. All
values within one table must be either pro- or regressive.
In this example half sensor scale evaluates to 250 and e.g. 98% sensor
scale to 540 (m3).

Note: The graphic area gives a preview of the defined curve. And is just for
indication.

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7.5.4 Status Text

Up to 16 groups of status texts can be defined for four types of channels each. A
status appears as the last field on e.g. Alarm Page and Demand Print. These
descriptions can be changed depending on the channel type. E.g.: ‘NORMAL-
ALARM!’, ‘OFF-ON’, ‘AUS-EIN’, ‘ARRET-MARCHE’, ‘FERMA-IN MAR’. For each
supported channel a selection can be made from the appropriate 16 user definable
possibilities.
To setup the status text, open the corresponding folder in the Tree Area:
Be aware that Status Texts are part of XP separated parts. Status Texts under tree-
item System Parameters (5.10) are only used for diagnostic channels.

7.5.4.1 Digital Input Alarm Channels Status Description

The colors and text strings of row Nr 1 is fixed. For row 2 - 16 text of normal (Default)
and alarm (Active) status and of wire failure status can be changed. Colors can be
modified, but advisable is that the default colors will be used. Any not acknowledged
status appears in flashing red.

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7.5.4.2 Digital Input / Output Status Channels Status Description

Text strings and color(s) of off (Default) and on (Active) status can be changed. Text
of wire failure can be changed. For row 1 the text strings and colors are fixed as
shown. Any not acknowledged wire failure status appears in flashing red. For the
wire failure status the color can be modified, but advisable is that the default color will
be used. (N.B.: wire failure applies to digital input channels only.)

7.5.4.3 Analog and Pulse Input Alarm Channels Status Description

Row Nr 1 is fixed. For row 2 - 16 text of normal (Default), lower (Low) and higher
(High) status and for sensor failure status can be changed. . Colors can be modified,
but advisable is that the default colors will be used. Any not acknowledged status
appears in flashing red.

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7.5.4.4 Analog and Pulse Input Status Channels Status Description

Text and color of normal (Default), lower (Low) and higher (High) status can be
changed. Text for sensor failure can be changed. For the sensor failure status the
color can be modified, but advisable is that the default color will be used. Any not
acknowledged sensor failure appears in flashing red.

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7.6 Diagnostics

For signaling system statuses diagnostics are there. Diagnostics can be placed at its
XP or at the system parameters.

7.6.1 System Diagnostics

At middle of the screen, you will find:

By selection of category and it’s message, it needed to setup a diagnostic.

Sometimes is it necessary to fill in extra details, like XP number or remote data
number. After selection is made automatically changes is made inside the description
field.

 With ‘Copy or Move Channel Range’ is possible to setup a lot diagnostics very
fast. Open ‘Copy Channel Range’ dialog, fill in From 00001, To 00002 / 00030.
Press Ok. Now copy is made from channel 00001 to a range of 00002 to
00030 where last parameter (like board number) is increased every time

For extensive description of other items on this form refer to paragraph 7.5.2.5.1
Standard Set-up Digital Input Channel, page 125.

7.6.2 I/O Module diagnostics

Location of the “I/O Module diagnostics” is in the tree area under “Processor Position
table”, # “Advanced Features”. See the following image of the tree area:

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By selecting one of the XP the setup area will show diagnostics of equipment that
can be connected to local processor:

This function is for setting up specific diagnostics in case special functionality is

running on that processor. The special functionality can be anything from a protocol
to the usage of Analog Input module which has earth failure diagnostics.

7.6.2.1 Earth fault detection

Earth fault detection can be switched on by selecting it from the diagnostic list with a
configured virtual channel. The channel that is used to store the diagnostic must be
setup as a virtual remote data channel on one of the boards in the control processor.

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7.7 Permissions

7.7.1 Permissions - Fieldbus

Besides passwords another kind level of protection is introduced. At the Fieldbus it is

possible to configure a level of access. Distinguish are levels 0,1,2,3 and M (master
level). This field could only be adapted at Administrator level.

7.7.2 Permissions – General

After selecting ‘Passwords’ and ‘Permissions - General’

Besides passwords another kind level of protection is introduced. It is possible to

configure a level of access. Distinguish are levels 0,1,2,3 and M (master level). This
field could only adapted at Administrator level.

7.7.3 Permissions – Client

After selecting ‘Passwords’ and ‘Permissions - Client’

Besides passwords another kind level of protection is introduced. Distinguish are

levels 0,1,2,3 and M (master level). This field could only be adapted at Administrator
level.

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7.8 Menu interface

The LCD Panel can be configured to hold menu’s to change values of settings.

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7.9 Master clock interface

7.9.1 Master clock hardware connection and protocol

In the below figure is shown how to connect master clock to XP:

On the right of this figure is show how the signal protocol specified.

7.9.2 Master clock configuration

The system supports updating of the Marine PC Local Time zones (LTZ), system
clock will not be changed. The Master clock interface must be connected to the pulse
inputs of a control processor (6049, via 91.6.040.500). These pulse inputs should be
configured on channels 65 and 66 on the first board (LBB65 and LBB66) of the
control processor in question. Both channels should be setup as follows:

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In this example the first processor on Link 3 is configured to load the first board. The
following switch should be checked to turn on master clock updating to windows
system clock:

To switch off the master clock interface the box must be unchecked, and the
processor (XP) must be reset (switched off and on).

To get a diagnostic if the master clock interface is not functional any diagnostic
channel can be setup as follows:

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After download of this setup the Windows time zone will be updated according
master clock.

7.9.3 Master clock pulse rate and error conditions

The first input is the pulse counting input. For changing time zone the interval time
between 2 pulses is 0.5 second. The second input commands to move time zone
forward or backward. See below table for examples:

Pulses with 0.5 second interval Action

Less then 1 pulse per 45 seconds Diagnostic alarm as configured above
1 - 59 pulse (forward) No action
60 – 119 pulse (forward) Time zone + 30 minutes
120 – 179 pulse (forward) Time zone + 1 hour
180 – 239 pulse (forward) Time zone + 1 hour and 30 minutes
240 – 299 pulse (forward) Time zone + 2 hour
Etcetera, and similar for setting time zone backward:
116 – 120 pulse (backward) Time zone - 1 hour

Note: The system waits for 3 seconds after last pulse before updating time zone.

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7.10 Special Functions

7.10.1 Show Changes

After selecting ‘Special’ and ‘Show Changes’

Inside text file is stored what all channel changes are. So it will always be possible to
track down what has changed and when that was done.

7.10.2 Check Database

After selecting ‘Special’ and ‘Check Database’

A text file is generated where configuration errors are displayed.

This list is built per PAL session. Press F5 for re-check database, be sure that caret
(focus) is blinking inside the text form.

Example:

************No existing conversion tables are used with************

Channels - Conversion Tables List:
20239(1),
Comments: if you go channel 20239, and see that Convert Table = %Table1, what
means there is no table1

************No existing function implementations are used with************

Channels Function Output - Function List :
20319(-0),
Comments: if you go channel 20319, and see that source is function output, but
there is no function output chosen

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************No existing elements are used with Clustering************

Boards List:
106(1-8),
Comments: if you go cluster 01, and look at table line 8, there is board configured
which is not exists.

7.10.3 Print Labels

After selecting ‘Special’ and Print Labels

Three types of output are possible, by pressing one of these buttons:

1. Print Labels – Boards
2. Print Labels – Processors
3. Print Labels – PMS Boards

Insert at range how many boards needed to be printed.

Check Boxes:
- Processor Number (output 2), use processor number instead first board number
- Skip not installed channels (output 1 + output 3), empty not installed channels
- Tag name (output 1+output 3) use tag name, will be placed before description

Text fields will be placed on the output. These texts could be changed, but changes
will not be stored and only be used on direct output.

7.10.4 Calc Processor Load

After selecting ‘Special’ and Calc Processor Load

A text file is generated where all items who are responsible for an extra bus load
(=data traffic between processors (among themselves)). It is recommended keeping
this bus load as low possible.

Example output file:

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Result of Calculation of Processor Load

---------------Estimate Load of Fieldbus ---------------

Number of Channels As Inhibitor / Other Channel / Cold Junction 10
Number of Channels As Function Input / Output or Fail Detect Function 50
Number of Channels in Multiple Channel / Average 10
Number of Parameters As Channel / Conversion Table / Parameter 100
Number of Function Implementations Inputs As Channel 30
Number of Function Implementations Inputs As Function Implementations 0

7.10.5 Split/Merge Database

After selecting ‘Special’ and Split/Merge Database

Be sure that in same path as Config.mdb the following file(s) exists:

 EmptyConfig2000.mdb
 EmptyConfig97.mdb
These files are coming with every release of PAL.

By pressing on ‘Split Main File into 4 New Files’, database is split into four new files.
These are name config01.mdb, config02.mdb, config03.mdb and config04.mdb.

This functionality is be used at configuration level where more one person are
configuring at the same setup.

Do not use this function when complete system (running IOServer) is on-
line.

7.10.6 Channel Cross Reference List

After selecting ‘Special’ and Channel Cross Reference List

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Insert a board range of what an output is wanted. By pressing on ‘Print’ button a list
is generated where ‘Other Channel’ is used in that given board range. This feature is
normally used for configuring IEC-1131.

7.10.7 Document Database

After selecting ‘Special’ and Document Database

Insert several items for document database. Only available if the file ‘doc.mdb’ is
same path as config.mdb. This form shows project related information such as,
project number, vessel, owner, yard and built number.

Create Default Layout creates default sensor information, if you go to the fast
channel setup, see last columns.

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7.11 System Parameters

7.11.1 General Settings

To enable the Stores Pulse Counter you have to select the System Parameter Setup\
General Settings in the Tree Area:

The following setup window will be shown:

General:
 Select ‘Yes’ for automatic acknowledge of channels (for testing purpose only)
 Check for Redundant I/O Server (for single server should be "off") and (for
main and backup server should be "on")

Server redundancy settings:

 Server switch hold time:
After a switch between from main to backup or vice versa the server will not
switch for this period. For example, if on the main link of processor 1 fails, the
system will switch to backup. It switches only to the backup when the backup
has a less number of link errors. After the switch stay on backup for at least 20
seconds, even if in the meantime the backup has more failures then the main.
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 Server switch delay time:

Delay time before a server performs a switch from active link to standby link.
For example: If more boards are available on standby link the server waits 2
seconds and tests again if more boards are on the standby link. If this is the
case, it switches.

 Server switch idle time:

Time that server remains active after switching standby server on. Or the
server waits this time before it sets itself to standby. This is done for giving
other side some time to become active. On this manner the Channel data will
be taken over more fluently.

7.11.2 Diagnostics General Texts

It’s possible to change diagnostic default texts, only for Alt. Language.

7.11.3 Clustering

To make groups (=clusters) with LOPs/LEDs panel and/or boards which to define
when horn output should be stopped in case of accept pressed.

7.11.4 Display Conversion

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Sometimes is preferred to display another engineering unit. Example is like: A

thermal couple is delivering its value into °C but on display is °F required. In that case
display conversion functionality can be helpful.

Unit1 original measure value in engineering unit 1

Unit2 display value in engineering unit 2
Formula re-calculation formula

Display Alternate Engineering Unit If turned on, it is possible to use display

conversion*
Test Formula a button to test the new inserted formula, it will
be tested with three values: -100, 0 and 100

*by going to a channel Analog Input/Analog Output or Pulse Input a new field is
shown ‘Unit Conversion’. Herewith is it possible to setup for that channel another
engineering unit for display.

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7.11.5 Engineering Units

By clicking on ‘Update From Channel Database’ all different engineering unit types
are displayed.

Example:
If you go analog input channel, dropdown list with all already used engineering unit
types is shown.

Change Engineering Units can be found at the Special menu. An example:

After this action is everywhere in channel setup where ‘degC’ is used, will be
changed into ‘DegC’.

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7.11.6 Horns

Use EAS (cabin/mess) Groups which are setup at cabin or mess panel and also
setup at here, If on one place (cabin setup or horn setup) a group like that is
removed, it’s automatically removed from the other place too, (if checkbox is
checked)
Add/Sort/Delete Buttons to insert/delete groups which needed to be signaled
horn outputs

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7.12 Hour counters

Hour counter has the following fields:

Channel
 the channel number, can’t be changed
TagName
 Enter any tag up to 10 characters. Tags must be unique.
Description
 Enter any descriptive text up to 40 characters
Alt. Description
 Enter any descriptive text up to 40 characters for support a secondary
language, if you like to use a another language you should fill in here your
description, especially when your language is not based on Roman
alphabet, so when using Chinese, Korean or Japanese Texts, please use
this field
Type
 Type of the channel, Analog Input (fixed)
Source:
Choose a selection from the combo box to set-up this channel (see below),
 Not Installed
 Counter
Choose ‘Not Installed’ to set this channel as 'Not Used', the value of this
channel is undefined.
Report:
 EMERGENCY
 General emergency alarm. An alarm given in the case of an
emergency to all persons on board summoning passengers and
crew to assembly stations.
 Fire alarm. An alarm to summon the crew in the case of fire.
 Water ingress detection main alarm. An alarm given when the
water level reaches the main alarm level in cargo holds or other
spaces on bulk carriers or single hold cargo ships.
 Those alerts giving warning of immediate personnel hazard,
including:
o Fire-extinguishing pre-discharge alarm. An alarm
warning of the imminent release of fire- extinguishing
medium into a space.
o Power-operated sliding watertight door closing alarm.
An alarm required by SOLAS regulation II-1/15.7.1.6,

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warning of the closing of a power-operated sliding

watertight door.
 For special ships (e.g., high-speed craft), additional alarms may
be classified as emergency alarms in addition to the ones
defined above.
 ALARM
If the Report Option ''ALARM' is selected the system will post an
alarm message line on the printer and the 'ALARM PAGE' and it will
activate the HORN output.
The return to normal condition will change the alarm status text on
the alarm message line on the 'ALARM PAGE' and it will post an
alarm message line to the printer with the actual channel information.
Machinery alarm. An alarm which indicates a malfunction or other
abnormal condition of the machinery and electrical installations.
Steering gear alarm. An alarm which indicates a malfunction or
other abnormal condition of the steering gear system, e.g.,
overload alarm, phase failure alarm, no-voltage alarm and
hydraulic oil tank low-level alarm.
Control system fault alarm. An alarm which indicates a failure of an
automatic or remote control system, e.g., the navigation bridge
propulsion control failure alarm.
Bilge alarm. An alarm which indicates an abnormally high level of
bilge water.
Water ingress detection pre-alarm. An alarm given when the water
level reaches a lower level in cargo holds or other spaces on bulk
carriers or single hold cargo ships.
Engineers’ alarm. An alarm to be operated from the engine control
room or at the manoeuvring platform, as appropriate, to alert
personnel in the engineers’ accommodation that assistance is
needed in the engine-room.
Personnel alarm. An alarm to confirm the safety of the engineer on
duty when alone in the machinery spaces.
Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System (BNWAS). Second and
third stage remote audible alarm as required by resolution
MSC.128(75).
Fire detection alarm. An alarm to alert the crew in the onboard
safety centre, the continuously manned central control station, the
navigation bridge or main fire control station or elsewhere that a
fire has been detected.
Fixed local application fire-extinguishing system activation
alarm. An alarm to alert the crew that the system has been
discharged, with indication of the section activated.
Alarms indicating faults in alert management or detection systems
or loss of their power supplies.
Cargo alarm. An alarm which indicates abnormal conditions
originating in cargo, or in systems for the preservation or safety of
cargo.

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Gas detection alarm. An alarm which indicates that gas has been
detected.
Power-operated watertight door fault alarms. Alarms which
indicate low level in hydraulic fluid reservoirs, low gas pressure or
loss of stored energy in hydraulic accumulators, and loss of
electrical power supply for power-operated sliding watertight
doors.
Navigation-related alarms as specified in the Revised Performance
Standards for Integrated Navigation Systems (INS) (resolution
MSC.252(83), appendix 5).
For special ships (e.g., high-speed craft), additional alerts may be
classified as alarms in addition to the ones defined above.

7.12.1 WARNING
Refer to chapter 10 Alert and Indicator Locations of IMO
Resolution A.1021(26); Adopted on 2 December 2009.

7.12.2 CAUTION
Refer to chapter 10 Alert and Indicator Locations of IMO
Resolution A.1021(26); Adopted on 2 December 2009.

 STATUS
The Report Option 'STATUS ' signifies that the signal is not activating
an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and is not activating the
HORN output. But it will activate the posting of a status message line
on the printer if the input changes (The Print Status option is set to
'Both').
Note: If the Sensor Failure is used and the Sensor Failure is
activated, it will create an alarm message on the 'ALARM PAGE' and
it will post an alarm message line on the printer.
Groups:
Each alarm can activate up to 8 Group Alarms. Which will activate an LED
indicator on a Group Panel and it will activate the Horn Output of the
corresponding Group Panel. In the system we have a maximum of 256
Groups:
Print Status:
The Print Status option is only visible (and can be set-up) on certain
Report options. With Report Options: 'ALARM' and 'ALARM NO HORN'
the Print Status option is not visible.
Note: In that case alarm message lines are always sent to the printer.
The following selections are possible for status information:
 With Report Option 'STATUS', you can select:
 Select 'TO ACTIVE ONLY’ for posting a status message line on the printer
each time a status change from 'OFF' to 'ON' is detected for this channel.
 Select 'BOTH’ for posting a status message line on the printer each time a
status change from 'OFF' to 'ON' or ‘ON’ to ‘OFF’ is detected for this
channel.
 Select 'OFF' to disable printing of status changes for this channel.
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Status Texts:
 Select from 16 groups of texts shown in the window, to represent the
channel’s status. (Texts themselves can be modified from another menu).
Start Channel:
 Enter a channel number, which start hour counter counting
Stop Channel:
 Enter a channel number, which stop hour counter counting
On Status:
 Dig/Both, information only
Display Format:
 HH, HH:MM, HH:MM:SS, hours, minutes, seconds
Initial Value:
Button, a new dialog is shown, which enables to reset hour counter values:

The hour counters file is set with a new value.

7.12.3 General Settings

File path and filename of the hour counters file is set.

7.13 Extension Alarm System

The Operator Workstation: OWS Workstation has an interface with the

EAS Extension Alarm System. For a detailed description of the Extension Alarm
System refer to the relevant product technical description. The interface with the
Local Operator Panel(s) and the LED Panels is achieved via the EAS Plugin. The
following picture shows the tree area:

 Adding a LOP (Local Operator Panel) or LED (Light Emitting

Diode)Panel:

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 Select the Plugin folder in the tree and click with the right pointing
device key or press the context menu key on the keyboard. Select
'Insert' from the context menu. The system will ask to select the type
of panel and the number (Panel type including number should be
unique), a new LOP or LED Panel will be created.
 Deleting a LOP (Local Operator Panel) or LED (Light Emitting
Diode)Panel:
 Select the specific LOP or LED Panel which should be deleted and
press the delete key on the keyboard.

The maximum number of panels on the Extension Alarm System is defined as

follows:
- Up to 25 LOP (Local Operator Panels),
- Up to 16 LED panels.
A Local Operator Panel can be used / configured as part of the EAS system. If the
Local Operator Panel is used / configured as one of the following EAS panels it is
counted as an EAS panel. The following EAS panels can be defined:

 Cabin Panel (1 - 8) [LOP, 8-LED or 2-LED panel]

 Mess-room Panel [LOP, 8-LED or 2-LED panel]
 Group Panel [LOP, 8-LED or 2-LED panel]

On the EAS panels you can define a number of indicators:

 For LED panel(s) indicator x = LED x
 For LOP panel(s) indicator x = a line in the EAS page

A LOP panel can be defined as a:

 Alarm Display [LOP panel (allow system accept / stop horn function)]

7.13.1 Hardware Interface Signals

Via the I/O Server the following input signals are applied to the system:

- Reset Timer/Watch OFF

- Attended input
- Unattended input

The Reset/Watch OFF input will in active mode reset the patrol timer. The Reset-
Timer switches are momentary switches. The Watch-OFF switch is a key protected
switch on the entrance unit.
The Attended / Unattended input is activated via the watch entrance unit.
On the top of the screen the system displays if the engine room is attended or not. It
also gives an indication what engineer is 'On Duty' in case the engine room will be
unattended and the time when the 27-minute timer will be elapsed.

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The system will provide the following outputs on the I/O Server Board:

- Patrol Timer Expired output

- General Engineers Alarm output
- Attended Engine Room output
- Unattended Engine Room output

The Patrol Timer Expired output will be activated at:

- The moment that the pre-warning timer is elapsed.

The General Engineer Alarm output will be activated on the following conditions:

- If the 'On-Duty' engineer did not accept the alarm(s) in the ECR within a specified
time.
- If no reset timer button is pressed within time-out time.
- If the GEA input on the I/O Server was activated

The Attended Engine Room output will be activated at:

- The moment the Attended Engine Room input was activated

- The moment the 'Accept Horn' input was activated (see paragraph 7.13.2.2
General Engineer Alarm / Deadman Alarm Setup page 190).
- The moment the 'Accept' input was activated (see paragraph 7.13.2.2 General
Engineer Alarm / Deadman Alarm Setup page 190).

The Unattended Engine Room output will be activated at:

- The moment the Unattended Engine Room input was activated

7.13.2 Extension Alarm System General Setup

The following picture gives an overview of the general settings of the Extension
Alarm System:

7.13.2.1 EAS text setup

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The EAS text setup is used to define the text strings on the top rows of the system
and for the strings send to the EAS page of the Local Operator Panel indicator(s)

If alternate language (See Jobs) is enabled, a second column is shown for the input
of the alternate language EAS Cabin descriptions.

Text used for the Status Indication Buttons (button color is yellow) and LOP
indicator(s):

 Selected On Duty Engineer status:

The status indication button / LOP indicator can indicate the following text (max
10 characters):

 Cabin1 - CHIEF ENG.

 Cabin2 - 1-ST ENG.
 Cabin3 - 2-ND ENG.
 Cabin4 - 3-RD ENG.
 Cabin5 - 4-TH ENG.
 Cabin6 - 5-TH ENG.
 Cabin7 - 6-TH ENG.
 Cabin8 - 7-TH ENG.

 Attended / unattended status:

The status indication button / LOP indicator can indicate the following text (max
10 characters):

 ATTENDED
 UNATTENDED

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The positions for these two status indication buttons are the two most right
locations. If one of these buttons is pressed the system will show the `On duty`
(mimic) page.

7.13.2.2 General Engineer Alarm / Deadman Alarm Setup

The following screen gives you an overview of the alarm handling for General
Engineers Alarm, Deadman Alarm and how to configure the Attended State of the
ECR. The GEA is an alarm which will be activated if the (On Duty) engineer did not
acknowledge the engine room alarm within a predefined time. A Deadman Alarm is
initiated from a manned ECR. It occurs if the timer of the Patrol Alarm Unit (Timer
Unit) has expired, or if the engineer in the ECR presses the ‘GEA’ button on the
Patrol Alarm Unit.

The following parameter setup area determines the general EAS setup:

General Engineer Alarm Setup:

 Function:
This field can be set to the following values:
- None: Indicate that no condition will activate the General Engineer
Alarm

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- Unattended: The GEA will only be activated in case the Engine Room is
unattended.
- Both: The GEA will be activated regardless if the Engine Room is
attended or unattended (Default).
 Tag Name:
This is the text you can enter to indicate in the ‘TAG’ field on the Local Operator
Panel(s) and OWS Operator Work Station(s) if a GEA is activated. Maximum
number of characters is 10. Remind you if you change the text and you ask for
this entry in setup, it will indicate you the new string.
 Current Accept:
This field can be set to the following values:
- NONE: No functionality assigned to the Acknowledgement of alarms on
the I/O server(s) in the ECR.
- ACK: The Acknowledgement of alarms in the ECR will acknowledge
the GEA.
- STOP HORN: The Stop Horn action in the ECR will acknowledge the GEA.
- BOTH: The Acknowledgement of alarms and/or Stop Horn action in the
ECR will acknowledge the GEA (Default).
 Time –Out for accept of ER ALARM before General Engineers Alarm (GEA):
This is the time between the activation of an engine room alarm and the pressing
of the Accept button in the ECR. Default value is 180 seconds. Valid entries are
between 0 and 9999 seconds.
 Description:
This is the text you can enter to indicate in the ‘Description’ field on the Local
Operator Panel(s) and OWS Operator Work Station(s) if a GEA is activated.
Maximum number of characters 40. Remind you if you change the text and you
ask for this entry in setup, it will indicate you the new string.
 Alt. Description:
This is the text you can enter to indicate in the ‘Description’ field on the Local
Operator Panel(s) and OWS Operator Work Station(s) if a GEA is activated.
Maximum number of characters 40. Remind you if you change the text and you
ask for this entry in setup, it will indicate you the new string if the Alt Language is
Active.

Dead Man Alarm Setup:

 Function:
This field can be set to the following values:
- None: Indicate that no condition will activate the Dead Man Alarm
- Attended: The Dead Man Alarm will only be activated in case the Engine
Room is Attended.
- Both: The Dead Man Alarm will be activated regardless if the Engine
Room is attended or unattended (Default).
 Tag Name:
This is the text you can enter to indicate in the ‘TAG’ field on the Local Operator
Panel(s) and OWS Operator Work Station(s) if a DEADM is activated. Maximum
number of characters 10. Remind you if you change the text and you ask for this
entry in setup, it will indicate you the new string.
 Accept key to signal ENGINE ROOM ATTENDED

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- NONE – The ‘ECR Attended’ state will not be activated by pressing either the
Acknowledge button or the STOP HORN button in the ECR.
- ACK – By pressing the Acknowledge button in the ECR, the ‘ECR Attended’
state will be activated.
- STOP HORN – By pressing the STOP HORN button in the ECR, the ‘ECR
Attended’ state will be activated.
- BOTH – By pressing either the STOP HORN or the Acknowledge button in the
ECR, the ‘ECR Attended’ state will be activated (Default).

 Prewarning (min):
This is the time between the activation of a Deadman alarm and the pressing of
the Accept button in the ECR. Default value is 27 min. Valid entries are between 1
and 60 minutes.
 Time-Out (min):
This is the time between the activation of a Deadman alarm and the pressing of
the Accept button in the ECR. Default value is 30 min. Valid entries are between 1
and 60 minutes.
 Description:
This is the text you can enter to indicate in the ‘Description’ field on the Local
Operator Panel(s) and OWS Operator Work Station(s) if a DEADM is activated.
Maximum number of characters 40. Remind you if you change the text and you
ask for this entry in setup, it will indicate you the new string.
 Alt. Description:
This is the text you can enter to indicate in the ‘Description’ field on the Local
Operator Panel(s) and OWS Operator Work Station(s) if a DEADM is activated.
Maximum number of characters 40. Remind you if you change the text and you
ask for this entry in setup, it will indicate you the new string if the Alternate
Language is Active.

7.13.2.3 Cabin Page Setup

Within the general setting you can define the Cabin Page Layout. This layout will be
used for all cabin (type) panels on board of the ship. Selecting the Cabin setup folder
from the tree will give you the following setup area:

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Indicator Settings

 Description:
 Descriptive text for the selected function. This text is transmitted to the
EAS page of the Local Operator Panel in case this panel is setup as
cabin unit.
 Alt. Description:
 Alt. Descriptive text for the selected function. This text is transmitted to
the EAS page of the Local Operator Panel in case this panel is setup as
cabin unit.
 Function:
 The indicator can be activated with the following alarm functions:
NONE No activation of this indicator.
Group xx The indicator will be activated as soon as one or
more channels in this group is(are) going into
the alarm state. The group number is specified
in the second column of the function.
GEA The indicator will be activated in case of a
General Engineer Alarm.
DEADMAN The indicator will be activated in case of a
Deadman Alarm.
GEA or DEADMAN The indicator will be activated in case of a
General Engineer Alarm or/and Deadman
alarm.

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 The indicator can be activated with the following status functions:

ATTENDED The indicator will be activated in case of an
attended state of the engine room.
UNATTENDED The indicator will be activated in case of an
unattended state of the engine room.
ON DUTY & The indicator will be activated in case of an
UNATTENDED unattended state of the engine room and when this
cabin is selected to be the on duty engineer.
ON DUTY on The indicator will be activated in case that the duty
SELECTED selection x is selected.
CALL FROM The indicator will be activated in case that the
ECR engineer is called from the Engine Control Room.
CALL FROM The indicator will be activated in case that the
BRIDGE engineer is called from the bridge.
CALL ALL The indicator will be activated in case that all
FROM ECR engineers are called from the Engine Control
Room.
CALL ALL The indicator will be activated in case that all
FROM engineers are called from the bridge.
BRIDGE

 Mode:
 The mode is a setting to indicate when the function will activate the
indicator. The following modes can be selected:
- ON DUTY The indicator will only be activated by the
selected function if the cabin unit is selected On
Duty.
- ATT The indicator will only be activated by the
selected function if the engine room is attended.
- UNATT The indicator will only be activated by the
selected function if the engine room is
unattended.
- BOTH The indicator will only be activated by the
selected function if the engine room is attended
or unattended.

Horn Settings:

 Mode:
 The mode is a setting to indicate when the function will activate the
horn. The following modes can be selected:
- OFF The horn will never be activated by the selected
function.
- ATT The horn will only be activated by the selected
function if the engine room is attended.
- UNATT The horn will only be activated by the selected
function if the engine room is unattended.
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- BOTH The horn will only be activated by the selected

function if the engine room is attended or
unattended.
 Type:
 The type is a setting to determine what sound the horn will make.
The following modes can be selected:
- TONE The horn will make a continues sound
- PULSE The horn will make an intermittent sound.
 Reset:
 The reset is a setting to determine whether the horn should be
stopped or not when pressing the accept button. The following
modes can be selected:
- YES The horn will be stopped pressing the accept
button.
- NO The horn will not be stopped pressing the
accept button.

7.13.2.4 Mess room page setup

Within the general setting you can define the Mess room Page Layout. This layout
will be used for all mess room (type) panels on board of the ship. For setup of this
page, refer to the paragraph 7.13.2.3 Cabin Page Setup page 192.

Note: For setup of the mode of the indicator for the mess room page, the selection
'On Duty' is not available.

7.13.2.5 LOP Setup

Once the LOP is inserted the setup area will give you the following settings:

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 Local Operator Panel Number:

 Number of the LOP not changeable from this location.
 Panel type:
 The following panel types can be selected:
- Cabin x This selection will assign the pre-defined
functionality of the xth cabin to this LOP. Refer to
paragraph 7.13.2.1 EAS text setup page 188 to
see which engineer is related to what cabin panel.
- Mess This selection will assign the pre-defined
functionality of a mess room panel to this LOP.
- Group This selection will assign the functionality of a
group alarm panel to this LOP. Assignment of the
EAS indicator and horn activation can be selected
freely. For set up of indicator(s) and horn
functionality refer to paragraph 7.13.2.3 Cabin
Page Setup page 192.
- Alarm Display This selection will assign the functionality of an
alarm display panel to this LOP. There is no EAS
indicator setup available for this type of panel.

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 LOP selection key setup:

 On a LOP a number of keys can be assigned to specific functions. The
picture below shows you the front panel of the Local Operator Panel and
the location of these function keys:

The following key functions can be assigned to these keys:

- Channel Page Pressing this key will select the Channel Page.
You can now add channels to this page by
selecting the channel and pressing 'Enter'.
- Group # Page Pressing this key will display the Group Page
selection display. You can now enter a group
number and selecting this Group Page by
pressing 'Enter'.
- Up Pressing this key will display the previous 4 lines
of the selected display.
- Down Pressing this key will display the next 4 lines of the
selected display.

 Default Page on LOP:

 With this selection you can determine the default page to be displayed on
startup of the system. Possible selections are:
- None No page will be displayed at startup.
- Alarm Page The Alarm Page will be displayed at system
startup.
- Channel Page The Channel Page will be displayed at system
startup.
- EAS Page The EAS indicator page will be displayed at
startup.

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7.13.2.6 LOP node number setup

The functionality of the LOP is depending on a proper communication over the

Ethernet network with MPC running IOServer.exe. The LOP node number must be
setup according the number configured in PAL.

This node number is the IP address number used for communication, and it must be
unique. No other LOP in the EAS link can have the same node number.

The node number can be setup as follows:

 Switch on the LOP, Ethernet connection is not required at this point,
 Press “Accept”, “5255”, “Accept”, the node number setup dialog will be
shown,
 Enter node number and accept this.

7.13.2.7 LED Panel Setup

Once the LED Panel is inserted the setup area will give you the following settings:

 LED Panel Number:

 Number of the LOP not changeable from this location.
 Panel type:
 The following panel types can be selected:
- Cabin x This selection will assign the pre-defined
functionality of the xth cabin to this LOP. Refer to
paragraph 7.13.2.1 EAS text setup page 188 to
see which engineer is related to what cabin panel.
- Mess This selection will assign the pre-defined
functionality of a mess room panel to this LOP.
- Group This selection will assign the functionality of a
group alarm panel to this LOP. Assignment of the
EAS indicator and horn activation can be selected
freely. For set up of indicator(s) and horn
functionality refer to paragraph 7.13.2.3 Cabin
Page Setup page 192.
- Alarm Display This selection will assign the functionality of an
alarm display panel to this LOP. There is no EAS
indicator setup available for this type of panel.

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Note: If the LED Panel is of the type with two LEDs, the first two indicator lines will be
used of the table. If the LED Panel is of the type with eight LEDs, the first eight
indicator lines will be used of the table.

7.13.3 Attended / unattended switching confirmation

According rules for DNV (added in 2003 and 2004) it is required that the Bridge is
made aware when ECR / ER switches to unattended. This is implemented as follows:

Location Action
 ECR / ER Select to go unattended (via EAS mimic)
 ECR / ER Flashing lights on Watch entrance unit.
 Bridge Audible warning and unattended text is flashing.
 Bridge Accept or acknowledge button confirms to switch to unattended.
 ECR / ER System unattended indication is shown on display.
 Bridge System unattended indication is shown on display.
System is unattended.

Following settings in PAL must be changed to enable unattended switching

confirmation:

 Check the "Accept unattended selection" option.

This will set the system to go to unattended only when it is allowed from the Bridge.
On the Bridge a LOP or Workstation must be present to support this functionality.
The Workstation setting is explained in paragraph 7.1.2 "Permissions". The LOP
setting is set using PAL:

 Check the option "Accept unattended selection"

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The configured LOP is now enabled to allow unattended state.

 Unattended mode is only allowed if at least one LOP or Workstation is setup

and running.

7.13.3.1 Along side / Sailing setting

The system has functionality to disable attended / unattended switch confirmation
temporary. This is used when the ship is along side. This option is called Along side /
Sailing, and can be set as follows.

On the LOP:
 Press "General",
 if dimming appears, again press "General"
 "General page" appears (see image below)
 Select "Along side" page, the page appears
 "1" and Enter sets "Along side",
"2" and Enter selects "Sailing"
The setting is saved in registry. When the system is started for the first time (without
the setting) it will be in "Sailing" mode.

On the Workstation:
 Select EAS selection mimic (selpanel.ggg) (Watch Responsibility system)
 Press "Along side" or "Sailing" buttons to switch the system in appropriate mode.

 Alarm will not switch on the buzzer the bridge when the system is in along side
mode. The display will show alarm text flashing.

7.13.4 Watch entrance unit

The Watch entrance unit with patrol timer enables switching between attended and
unattended mode (key required) and activates the Deadman Timer (no key required).

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code number 93.0.371

7.13.4.1 Attended mode

When the ATTENDED mode is selected on the Watch Entrance Unit (or via the EAS
Page on the Workstation) the (Patrol) timer is activated. The lamp in the TIMER
ON/OFF (switch) on the Watch Entrance Unit is illuminated.
It is not possible to switch the timer off by means of the TIMER ON/OFF switch on
the Watch Entrance Unit. With the key switch on the Watch Entrance Unit the timer
can be switched off (override).
If the timer is expired (default after 27 minutes), the Timer Expired Output is
activated. If the Reset Timer Input is not activated within 3 minutes (default) the
system will generate a Dead Man Alarm.

7.13.4.2 Unattended mode

When the UN-ATTENDED mode is selected on the Watch Entrance Unit (or via the
EAS Page on the Workstation) the timer is in-active. Via the TIMER ON/OFF switch
on the Watch Entrance Unit the timer it can be switched ON (the lamp will be
illuminated) and OFF by pressing the switch again. With the key switch on the Watch
Entrance Unit the timer can be switched off (override).
The Timer Expired Output will be activated after the timer has expired (default after
27 minutes). If the Reset Timer Input is not activated within 3 minutes (default) the
system will generate a Dead Man Alarm.

7.13.4.3 Automatic Start of the Deadman Timer with an alarm

Automatic start of Patrol Timer is driven by the following setting:

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Option: Automatic start of the Patrol Timer with an alarm

If this setting is active, the timer will automatically be switched on with an alarm from
the AMS.
The setting ‘Function’ in the PAL (EAS Deadman Setup) should automatically switch
to both in this case and is not selectable anymore.

The default setting is: No Automatic start of the Patrol Timer with an alarm.

The default will be not active as this is compatible with systems without this option.

7.13.4.4 Engineer Calling with Engineers Name Indication

Multiple engineers can be called. Each call will occupy one line in the LOP. The
layout for the EAS PAGE is as follows:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2
E A S P A G E E C R : A T T E N D E D 2 2 : 2 3
O N - D U T Y E N G I N E E R : C h i e f E n g i n e e r

B R I D G E C A L L S E N G I N E E R 1
B R I D G E C A L L S E N G I N E E R 2
B R I D G E G R O U P 1 A L A R M !
B R I D G E G R O U P 7 A L A R M !
E C R C A L L S C H I E F E N G I N E E R

This is configured as displayed in following picture:

7.13.4.5 Header Line of the LOP

In the PAL you will be able to add the following header line setting for each LOP
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Option: EAS info in header line of LOP

If you setup new LOP’s (or upgrade the existing software) the default will be for
CABIN, MESS and Group LOP’s this setting will be activated; for ALARM LOP’s this
setting will be de-activated).

 If this setting is de-activated, the header information is compatible with the

previous software version(s).

EAS header line for LOP:

Page Indication Space Engine Room State Space On-Duty Space Time with
(3 characters) (2 (8 characters) (1 Engineer (1 flashing semi
characters) character) (20 character) column for
characters) running indication
(5 characters)
ALM (for ALARM ER:ATT DUTY:First HH:MM
PAGE) (for ATTENDED) Engineer
EAS ER:UNATT
(for EAS PAGE) (for UN-ATTENDED)
CHN (for
CHANNEL
PAGE)
GRP (for
GROUP PAGE)

EAS Header Line examples for EAS, Menu, Alarm and Group pages:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2
E A S P A G E E C R : A T T E N D E D 2 2 : 2 3
O N - D U T Y E N G I N E E R : C h i e f E n g i n e e r

M E N U P A G E E C R : U N A T T E N D E D 2 2 : 2 3
O N - D U T Y E N G I N E E R : C h i e f E n g i n e e r
A L A R M P A G E E C R : A T T E N D E D 2 2 : 2 3
O N - D U T Y E N G I N E E R : C h i e f E n g i n e e r

G R O U P P A G E E C R : A T T E N D E D 2 2 : 2 3
O N - D U T Y E N G I N E E R : C h i e f E n g i n e e r

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7.13.5 Language Packs for the EAS Panel and Alt Font Support

The EAS panel utilises language packs to properly display fonts. Currently there are
3 different language packs available.

For English and other languages that use the latin script, please use “lp-lcd-
english.bin”

For Cyrillic or Russian characters, please use “lp-lcd-russian.bin”

When the EAS is configured to display alternate language descriptions in large

character format, the EAS panels will use a different layout. Refer to section 6.6 in
the “PTD_Mega-Guard_E-Series_OWS” document, revision 1.22 and up for full
details on the layout.

If the alternate description contains Russian

8 DOCUMENTATION WITH DOCGEN

To provide a “fast way” to generate data reports of configuration of Error! Reference

source not found. System, now the DocGen program is being introduced. This
program requires a proper installed version of the application Microsoft Excel ‘97. Via
OLE-Automation Excel functionality is used to generate a Excel report. After this
report is created it will be stored to a file on hard-disk.
The generated file is according the Microsoft Excel 97 format. It is also required that
a printer is installed.

8.1 Using DocGen

After starting docgen.exe the following screen appear:

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The user has the choice of three types of reports. These are:

1. -IO List

After selecting the correct file paths of templates files and where to put generated
files, a report could be created. Press the "Start" button to do this.

The following templates files are used:

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If Document Generator is started on a Windows System without Microsoft Excel ’97

the above message is shown. The report could not be created.

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If a system has a large configuration it can take a few minutes to create the
 report. For your convenience a progress bar is added to the document
generator.
During time of generating the .xls file DO NOT OPEN EXCEL via explorer by
 clicking another .xls file.

After creating the report exit Document Generator and go via a program like explorer
to generated file.

“IO_List_FB1.xls” is new generated file.

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9 ALT LANGUAGE FOR EAS AND TFT PANELS

9.1 General Information

When a system is configured to display in “Alt language”.

9.2 Language Packs

Both EAS and TFT panels utilize language packs to display fonts. There are currently
3 different language packs available for each panel.

For English and other languages that write in Latin script use:
 “lp-english.bin” for TFT panels.
 “lp-lcd-english.bin” for EAS LCD panels.

For Cyrillic and Russian scripts use:

 “lp-russian.bin” for TFT panels.
 “lp-lcd-russian.bin” for EAS LCD panels.

For the Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) languages use:

 “lp-cjk.bin” for TFT panels.
 “lp-lcd-cjk.bin” for LCD panels.

9.2.1 Generating CJK Language Packs

In order to ensure that all CJK characters can be displayed from a system
configuration, a fresh language pack has to be generated. This can be done via the
“CJK EAS TFT Support Application”. Please refer to section 9.3 for further details on
how to use this program and generate the language pack.

In general, the support application should be used when the system is configured for
the first time and after every modification that occurs where descriptions are altered.

9.2.2 For TFT

If using the TFT in an “Alt language” configuration, the char “�” or a blank row is
displayed when a character cannot be found in the language pack. Ensure that the
proper language pack is uploaded to the TFT panel or generate a new language
pack if using CJK characters.

9.2.3 PAL1131G
PAL1131G checks against a chosen language pack in order to generate mimics. If
certain characters cannot be found, it will not be displayed on the generated mimic.
The configuration can still however be properly saved and generating a fresh
language pack afterwards will allow PAL1131G to properly display the desired texts.

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9.3 CJK EAS TFT Support Application

9.3.1 Introduction
The “CJK EAS TFT Support Application” is used to generate language pack files that
will enable the following products to display Chinese, Japanese and Korean
characters:

The application will support all Chinese, Japanese or Korean glyphs up until UTF-8
range 0xFFFF with a maximum character list of 1000 unique characters due to
memory restrictions.

9.3.2 When to Use the Application

The application will only know which characters to generate for the language packs
after a system has been configured. Please run this application when all
configurations to the system has been made.

The application should also be run whenever descriptions in the configuration have
been altered or there seem to be absent characters within a TFT or EAS panel.
Absent characters can be determined within the TFT panel when “�” character is
displayed, or when a non-coherent character is displayed on the EAS panel. The
application should also be run after configuring 1131G in order to generate proper
mimics.
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9.3.3
When the application is launched, ensure that the program is correctly pointed to the
System folder. The application should have already detected where the folder is
located. If a different folder needs to be used, clicking the “Browse…” button will
allow the application to be directed to the proper path.

There will be a section with two tabs, one labelled “EAS” and another “TFT”. Each
tab contains 4 buttons similarly labelled between tabs and containing a brief
description below it.

When generating a language pack, the application will create a folder in the
System\Setup directory. Depending on whether generating a language pack for the
EAS or TFT, the folders will be accordingly named “CJKEAS” and “CJKTFT”.
Successful generation of a language pack will also create in their respective folders
the following:

1.Language Pack binary file.

If creating a language pack for TFT panels, a backup of “lp-cjk.bin” will be

created in the Praxis Firmware folder and be replaced by the newly generated
language pack.

2.Binary file named “ExistingList.bin” storing Unicode values of the last generated
language pack.

3.If applicable another folder called “Excluded” containing a bitmap file will be
created should the character limit be exceeded.

9.3.3.1 “Full Generation” and “Generate Only”

If running this application for the first time, this is a good option to begin with. Both
options will generate a language pack regardless if the new language pack will
contain the same information as the previous one (if applicable).
The only exception is if there are no detectable characters to be created. If the
application can identify the I.P addresses of each panel, “Full Generation” will also
attempt to upload the according language pack files.

9.3.3.2 “Smart Generation”

“Smart Generation” will check against the “ExistingList.bin” file to determine if a new
language pack needs to be created. It will then attempt to upload the language pack
to the according panels if panel I.P addresses can be determined.

9.3.3.3 “Upload Only”

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“Upload only” will not attempt to generate a language pack. The application will only
search for and upload language packs to an appropriate panel.

Note: Language packs can also be uploaded to a panel by the “Updater” program.

9.3.4 Troubleshooting
If the application does not successfully generate a proper language pack, please
ensure the following:

1.If running this application for EAS support; language pack “lp-lcd-cjk.bin” should
be present within the Firmware folder.
2.If running this application for TFT Support; language pack “lp-cjk.bin” should be
present within the Firmware folder.
3.Microsoft TrueTypeFonts “SimSun” has to be installed on the working computer.

10 NETWORK CONFIGURATION

10.1 Redundant network principle of operation

The MPC’s are equipped with two Ethernet connections ports and the software uses
TCP/IP for communication with static IP addresses. The first Ethernet port is
connected to the main network; the second board is connected to the backup
network. Rednetwork is the Windows application that manages the redundant
network. This application creates a third “communication” network by adding an extra
IP address to the main or backup network.

This communication network is used by the applications. For this reason we call the
IP addresses of the communication network communication IP’s. Under normal
conditions the communication IP is added to the main (primary) network. If there are
problems with the primary network, the redundant network application will switch the
communication IP to the backup (secondary) network.

The status of the networks is send to the IOServer to generate failure diagnostics. To
check the status of the main and backup network the application uses the static IPs
(configured in Windows).

To install the redundant network application you have to do the following:

 Initialization with rednetwork.exe
 Change Windows IP settings
 Start rednetwork.exe

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10.2 Initialization with rednetwork.exe

Start the rednetwork.exe application in the “BIN” directory. If the application can not
find the registry settings the initialize dialog will be launched:

In the grid in the middle the ip addresses of each adapter is configured. Rednetwork
will check all IP addresses of the network interfaces until it finds these IP’s, and it will
add the communication IP to one of the networks. The other options are described
here:

 Nr of Switches: Enter the number of switches in the project.

 Nr of Servers: setup number of servers in the project
 Nr of Clients: setup number of clients in the project
 Pri. Subnet, Sec. Subnet, Com. Subnet and Mask: At Pri, Sec and Com.
Subnet and Mask for the IP subnet’s for the 3 networks (Main, Backup and
Communication).
 Use Gateway: Enables use for redundant communication with external
devices.
 Gateway: Input address of router for redundant communication with external
devices.
 (ms) Ping Delay: Default for ping delay: time in between 2 ping tests.
 SNMP Delay: Time for switching from one network to other. Setup to 30
seconds to prevent for false network alarms.
 Filter Samples: Determine when network switch will occur. In case of an error
on the main Rednetwork will switch after 3 filter samples (ping) with 200 ms
ping delay. This will take 400 milliseconds (sample, delay, sample, delay,
sample). After switching Rednetwork will continue to check the main network,
and switch back as soon as it is working again.

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 Auto start: Enables Rednetwork startup at computer startup. Changes

registry, write to disk required (see EWF).

 System menu access: status dialog shows system management button on

the status dialog.
 Com IP Enable/Disable button: Shows the button to enable or disable the
communication IP in the runtime dialog.
 Disable com IP at shutdown: Removes Communication IP when closing
system from Rednetwork dialog.
 Multiple Clients on same computer: Check if more then 1 CamClient.exe
are running on a workstation. This can occur if multiple systems are used, or if
multiple screens are connected to the workstation.
 Nr of multiple clients: Number of CamClient that will run on the workstation.
Default is 1, and for 2 screens 2 is advised.
 Show shutdown buttons: option will show system buttons in the system
management menu (it is possible to hide them to prevent stations from
stopping the system).
 Shutdown allowed: Shows button in Rednetwork to stop the system. This
also enables other applications to do a system shutdown by signaling
rednetwork.exe
 Sets event at shutdown: signals third party software to not start the
CAMclient.
 Shutdown delay: Wait time before closing IOServer.

If the application should startup automatically at log on check the checkbox “Auto
start” at the left bottom of dialog (4th from bottom).
Click on OK to save the settings and close initialization.

10.2.1 Change Rednetwork configuration

To change Rednetwork configuration after first initialization a shortcut can be created
with a special “/init” argument.

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Starting this shortcut will show the dialog in the previous paragraph.

10.2.2 Configure IP settings of Windows

Each MPC has two network cards which should both be configured according the
following table:

Computer Name IP address Main network IP address backup

(Primary) network
(Secudary)
Server_1 192.168.1.101 192.168.2.101
Server_2 192.168.1.102 192.168.2.102
Client_1 192.168.1.111 192.168.2.111
Client_n (n = 10 + client 192.168.1.100 + n 192.168.1.100 + n
nr)

The IP of the main network adapter matches with the IP in the Primary IP column of
the rednetwork dialogs. The IP of the backup network adapter matches with the IP for
this computer in the Secondary IP column. RedNetwork.exe uses the IPs of the
adapters to determine which server or client this computer is.

In the following picture is shown how to configure Windows network:

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Use a static (fixed) IP address with the “Use the following IP address” option.

If the computer has only 1 network interface it is possible to add both (main
and backup) IP addresses to this device via the “Advanced” option. In
Rednetwork this will appear as a redundant system.

After configuring the rednetwork.exe has to be started. It is recommended to check

the configuration status in the status information dialog.

10.3 The icon on the taskbar

The redundant network application will appear as an icon in the taskbar. Figure 8
shows the icon on the taskbar (The redundant network icon is encircled). The color
off the icon shows the connection of the communication IP.

Figure 8 Communication IP not added to an adapter

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Communication IP added to Main adapter (Icon is black)

Communication IP added to Backup adapter (Icon is red)

10.3.1 The popup menu

When you press your right mouse button above the redundant network Icon you get
the popup menu.

10.4 The Status information dialog

The redundant network application can show a status information dialog. You can
call up this dialog in several ways. The first one is choosing “Redundant Network
Status” in the popup menu. The second possibility is double click with the left mouse
button on the Icon on the taskbar. The last possibility is typing “NWD” in the debug
window of the CamClient. These options show the status information dialog:

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10.4.1 System management dialog

Redundant network supports a system management dialog, which you can use to
see at which computer a CAMClient or IOServer is running. The dialog also has a
general system shutdown feature to shut down the complete system. The system
management dialog is shown in the following picture:

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10.5 Event logging and trouble shooting

10.5.1 Event logging

The application logs several events in the Windows event log. These events you can
see in the “event viewer” application. The events are logged in the Application log.

The following events are logged:

Event Event type Message Occurs
box
Start RedNetwork Information - When the RedNetwork.exe is started
automatically or by a user.
RedNetwork initialized Information - RedNetwork initialization is done.
RedNetwork initialize cancelled Information - RedNetwork initialization is cancelled by the user.
RedNetwork closed Information - When the RedNetwork.exe is closed by the user
RedNetwork already started Warning - When the RedNetwork.exe detects that the
application is already started. The second
instance will be closed automatically
Could not configure as Server or Client Warning - The IP of the main network adapter does not
match with any primary IP in the registry and the
IP of the backup adapter does not match with any
secondary IP
Sockets init failed Error Yes The application could not start because the
initialization of sockets failed. This means that
there are serious problems with the installation of
Windows NT/2000.
PrimaryIP of servers\serverX not found in Error Yes Registry settings are not correct
registry
SecundaryIP of servers\serverX not found in Error Yes Registry settings are not correct
registry
CommunicationIP of servers\serverX not Error Yes Registry settings are not correct
found in registry
PrimaryIP of Clients\ClientX not found in Error Yes Registry settings are not correct
registry
SecundaryIP of Clients\ClientX not found in Error Yes Registry settings are not correct
registry
CommunicationIP of Clients\ClientX not Error Yes Registry settings are not correct
found in registry
IP conflict found in registry (IP:xx.xx.xx.xx) Error Yes Dupplicate IPs in registry settings
Conflict betweem pri/sec/com IP of
ClientX/ServerX and pri/sec/com IP of
ClientY/ServerY
Registry settings network adapters in Error Yes Registry settings of network adapters are not
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE are not found or found or incorrect
incorrect

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10.5.2 Error status table

Error Solution
ERR: The primary adapter in the registry is not found in the Initialize the network adapters again
computer
ERR: The secondary adapter in the registry is not found in the Initialize the network adapters again
computer
ERR: Number of adapters in registry not equal to number of A network adapter is added or removed. Initialize the network
adapters in computer adapters again
ERR: Adapters in registry are not equal to adapters in A network adapter is replaced by an other. Initialize the
computer network adapters again
ERR: The IP of the secondary adapter is different from IP in Change the IP in the windows TCP/IP settings or change the
the registry IP in the registry
ERR: The IP of the primary adapter is different from IP in the Change the IP in the windows TCP/IP settings or change the
registry IP in the registry
ERR: Adapter IPs not found in client server configuration in Change the IPs in the windows TCP/IP settings or change the
the registry. COULD NOT START ALGORITM IP in the registry

10.5.3 Problems & solutions

Problem Solution
The communication IP is disabled Start the System from the system management dialog or restart
rednetwork.exe. The disabling of the communication IP is done
at shutting down the system from the system management
dialog. If you don’t want this, initialize rednetwork and change
settings (see previous chapter)
The communication IP is not add to There are some reasons to do not add the
an adapter (Icon is gray) communication IP.
1. There are configuration errors. Check Configuration status
in the status dialog
2. There was an error during adding the communication IP,
because the IP already exist. Disable the network adapters
in the “Network and Dial-up connection” dialog of Windows
and enable them again. (Windows NT, restart the
computer). This problem occurs when you End the
rednetwork.exe process by the Windows task manager.
3. The communication IP is disabled by the general system
shutdown. You can check this on the status information
dialog. There will be a line “Com IP disabled”.

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11 WORKSTATION CONFIGURATION

11.1 Client Properties

The Ctrl A dialog is available to configure settings for one particular workstation. In
the Ctrl A dialog several Tab pages are available, through which many options can
be configured. In this chapter each tab will be discussed.

The settings from the Ctrl-A dialog are stored in the clientconfig.mdb database, and
in the registry. When Ctrl A (Client configuration) is pressed the following appears on
the screen:

After entering a correct name and password a dialog with tab pages appears which
are discussed here.

11.1.1 Group Access

With the Group Access tab page it is possible to show alarms from specific groups.
The alarms from the other groups are suppressed on this client station.

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Double click the box in front of the group number if alarms from that group should be
visible.

11.1.2 Permissions

The permissions tab enables or disables different functionality such as the possibility
to reset the General engineer’s alarm, or the possibility to acknowledge an alarm.

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With the option "Reset Unattended State with Acknowledge" it is possible to switch to
attended state when an alarm is acknowledged.
With the option "Accept unattended selection" it is possible to enable this workstation
to allow the ECR / ER to go unattended. This option is explained in paragraph 5.14.3.
xxx

Pressing Acknowledge will not put the system in attended state if no alarm is

present.

Stopping the Global Horn 1 will also stop the buzzers on the LOP.

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11.1.3 Show

The tab page "Show" enables or disables visible options on the client workstation.

With channel tooltip checked a small window will appear when the mouse cursor
points at an alarm. In this window the channel number is visible.
The Download status window pops up at the left bottom of the screen whenever a
download is done.
The number of seconds to remember a page sets the time that is between two clicks
on the group or mimic buttons, and decides whether the first page or the next page is
shown. The first time the button is pressed, the first page is shown. If the button is
pressed again within the time limit, the second page is shown.

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11.1.4 Printing

With the printing tab it is possible to enable printing from a client workstation.

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11.1.5 Demand Log Groups

The demand log groups can be enabled or disabled with the following tab page:

If the checkbox is marked, alarms in that group will be written to the demand log, and
to the demand log printer.

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11.1.6 Clustering

In the clustering tab page the client can be joined in a cluster.

A cluster is a group of client workstations, LED panels and LOP's that will stop their
horns when one of them is stopped.

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11.1.7 Dimming

In the dimming tab page several settings can be changed to alter the dimming state
to your own preferences.

By default all colours are dimmed equally.

“Change system colors” makes the system also change the Windows colors. For
example the grey menus will become darker grey when the system is dimmed. If this
option is turned off (unchecked) it will not change the Windows colors, which means
that parts of the Client are not dimmed. Another application should dim these colors
instead (for bridge integration with other applications).
“Use Default Color Schema” can be switched of to use an alternate color scheme.
This alternate scheme has an extra dimming option (“Night inverted”).

 To switch back to daylight dimming (no dimming) double click on the logo at
the right top. To do this the tracker ball can be rolled up and to the right. This
can be done even when the display had been dimmed to a level where it
became unreadable.

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11.1.8 Miscellaneous

In the miscellaneous tab the time synchronization with the server can be set-up. If the
option is checked the client workstation will have the same time as the server has. In
this way time differences between the systems can be ruled out.

The local horn sound can be adjusted by selecting a file with the preferred melody.
The "Use Operator Keyboard" option is switched on when using an operator
keyboard.

Update time zone on start-up is required for the CF (Compact Flash) MPC. This MPC
does not store the time zone changes in registry, and by enabling this option Error!
Reference source not found. will store this instead.

When time zone update is enabled it is important to know if the system starts up with
Daylight time saving or Standard. Set “Start TimeZ. ID” to Daylight Time when the
system has Summer time, and set it to Standard when the System starts in Winter
time. If this option is set wrong, it will cause the system to change the time by 1 hour
each time it starts up.

 Conclusive:
Winter: Setup “Start TimeZ ID” to “Standard time”

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Summer: Setup “Start TimeZ ID” to “Daylight time”

11.1.9 Set Channel Ack Groups

In the miscellaneous tab the time synchronization with the server can be set-up. If the
option is checked the client workstation will have the same time as the server has. In
this way time differences between the systems can be ruled out.

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11.2 Button configuration

The top buttons can be configured with the Ctrl-B key on the QWERTY keyboard.

The text on the button can be altered to show the meaning of the assigned
functionality. After pressing the Config button the following dialog will appear:

In this dialog several options can be assigned to the button. Pressing the top button
more then once, or using Page down will start the next function in the list.
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11.3 Mimic configuration

To enable if a mimic will be shown on this workstation the following dialog is

available.

To get this dialog Ctrl-M is pressed. The mimics on the left side are all the graphics
available on the system. The mimics at the right side are the mimics that can be
shown on the client workstation. Per mimic it is possible to "Allow Control" or not. If
control is allowed objects on the mimic can be selected so the status of that object
can be changed. For instance a valve can be opened or closed.

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11.4 Key assignment

Key assignment (key macros) can be added or changes with the key assignment
dialog.

From the moment a key assignment is made the client workstation will carry out the
task assigned to that key. To assign a key the following must be done:
1. Select the correct 'Class' at left top of the dialog.
2. Select the desired function in the list box at the left.
3. Press the desired key edit box in middle, at the top of the dialog.
4. Press the assign button. Depending on the function extra parameter input will be
asked here.
5. Press OK.

From this moment on "S" will make the System Information dialog appear (Ctrl-S) will
also still work.

 If keys that are used in the client workstation are used in the key assignment
dialog, then the assigned functionality will be executed, and the default
functionality will not be executed. For example: if Ctrl-B is assigned to switch to
another application, the Button assignment dialog will not appear anymore.

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12 DOCUMENT INFORMATION

Naming Conventions:
Name of the Product Line: MEGA-GUARD SERIES
Product Name MEGA-GUARD
Operator Workstation: OWS
Operator Workstation: OWS
I/O Server: I/O-Server
Power Management System: PMS
Remote Control System: BMS
Electronic Governor: SPC
Extension Alarm System: EAS
Process Control Unit: PCU
DIN I/O Processor Board: XP
Pump Control Management: PCM

Company Information:
Company Name: Praxis Automation Technology B.V.
Company Department: Department
Company Address: Zijldijk 24A
Company Zipcode: 2352AB
Company City: Leiderdorp
Company Country: The Netherlands
Company Phone: [31] 71 5255353
Company Fax: [31] 71 5224947
Company E-Mail: E-Mail: info@praxis-automation.nl

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