Long Test
Long Test
Long Test
epicenter thrust
dip 75%
epicenter 90%
9. Which type of faulting would be least likely to
focus occur along the mid-Atlantic ridge?
strike normal
3. Which of the following sequences correctly
lists the different arrivals from first to last? reverse
Surface waves ... P waves .... S waves all of these could occur
10.How often do magnitude 8 earthquakes occur?
P waves ... Surface waves ... S waves
about 5 to 10 times per year
S waves ... P waves .... Surface waves
4. How do rock particles move during the passage about once a year
of a P wave through the rock? about every 5 to 10 years
back and forth parallel to the direction of about every 50 to 100 years
wave travel 11.The bulk modulus measures ______________.
back and forth perpendicular to the the resistance to flow of a liquid
direction of wave travel the resistance to change in color
in a rolling circular motion the resistance to change in volume
the particles do not move the resistance to change in shape
5. Detailed studies of what earthquake allowed 12.The shear modulus measures _____________ .
researchers to develop the elastic rebound
theory?. the resistance to flow of a liquid
the 1906 San Francisco earthquake the resistance to change in shape
the 1964 Anchorage, Alaska earthquake the resistance to change in volume of a
liquid
the 1755 Lisbon, Portugal earthquake
the resistance to change in volume of a
the 1985 Mexico CIty earthquake solid
13.If only density increases with increasing depth intensity
within the Earth, the velocity of a P wave B is 0.01X as intense than A
should ___________ . 20.In general, the most destructive earthquake
stay the same waves are the __________ .
increase P waves
decrease S waves
14.If a P wave were to go from a solid to a liquid - Surface waves
what would happen to its velocity?
Q waves
stay the same 21.Where is the focus with respect to the
increase epicenter:
decrease to 0.0 directly below the epicenter
decrease directly above the epicenter
15.If an S wave were to go from a solid to a liquid in the P wave shadow zone
- what would happen to its velocity?
in the S wave shadow zone
stay the same
increase
decrease to 0.0
decrease
16.Which boundary marks a change from 100%
solid to 100% liquid?
mantle ... outer core
lithosphere ... asthenosphere 22.Point A, where slip initiated during the
earthquake, is called the ________.
crust ... mantle
dip
none of these
17.Body waves consist of the: epicenter
P waves only focus
S waves only scarp
23.Point B is called the earthquake ________.
P and S waves
dip
Surface waves
18.With increasing travel time the difference in epicenter
arrival times between the P and the S waves focus
_________
scarp
increases 24.Point C is called the _________
decreases epicenter
stays constant fault scarp
none of the above seismic wave
19.Earthquake A has a Richter magnitude of 7 as
dip of the earthquake
compared with earthquake B's 6. The amount
25.What type of faulting is illustrated in this
of ground motion is one measure of earthquake
diagram?
intensity.
normal
A is 10X more intense than B
reverse
A is 1000 more intense than B
Richter magnitude does not measure
thrust travel
abnormal in a rolling elliptical motion
in a rolling circular motion
32.How do rock particles move during the passage
of a S wave through the rock?
back and forth parallel to the direction of
wave travel
perpendicular to the direction of wave
travel
in a rolling elliptical motion
26.What causes the up-and-down wiggles on the
in a rolling circular motion
seismogram show above?
33.Who developed the procedure used to measure
variations in air pressure the size of an earthquake?
ground vibrations Charles Richter
tsunami waves Edward Sheridan
electromagnetic pulses James Hutton
27.Which set of waves are probably the surface
Art Smith
waves?
34.The moment magnitude of an earthquake
A depends on all of the following except __.
B the area of the fault break
C the rigidity of the fault
They are all surface waves the slip on the fault
28.Which set of waves are the P waves?
the type of faulting
A 35.Which of the following measures an
B earthquake's intensity based on the observed
effects on people and structures?
C
Richter scale
They are all P waves
29.Which set of waves are the S waves? Modified Mercalli scale
A the Centigrade scale
B the moment magnitude scale
36.Shallow earthquakes, less than 20 km deep, are
C associated with _______.
They are all S waves convergent plate boundaries
30.The difference in arrival times between which
pair of waves can be used to determine the divergent plate boundaries
distance to the epicenter? transform plate boundaries
A and C all of these
A and B 37.What type of faulting would be most likely to
occur along transform faults?
None of the above
31.How do rock particles move during the passage normal faulting
of a P wave through the rock? reverse faulting
back and forth parallel to the direction of strike-slip faulting
wave travel
all of these
perpendicular to the direction of wave
the eruption of an oceanic volcano
all of these
43.Which of the following waves is the slowest?
P waves
S waves
Surface waves
tsunami
38.What type of earthquakes would most likely 44.Which of the following statements is false?
occur at point A?
Most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries
shallow-focus earthquakes caused by
The time and location of most major
normal faulting
earthquakes can be predicted several days in
shallow-focus earthquakes caused by advance
strike-slip faulting
Earthquakes can be caused by normal,
shallow-focus earthquakes caused by thrust reverse and strike-slip faulting
faulting
P waves travel faster than both S waves and
deep-focus earthquakes caused by thrust Surface waves
faulting 45.Which of the following observations may
39.What type of earthquakes would most likely indicate a forthcoming destructive earthquake?
occur at point B?
An increase in the frequency of smaller
shallow-focus earthquakes caused by earthquakes in the region
normal faulting
rapid tilting of the ground
shallow-focus earthquakes caused by
rapid changes in water levels in wells
strike-slip faulting
all of these
shallow-focus earthquakes caused by thrust
46.Which of the following statements best
faulting
describes the state of earthquake prediction?
deep-focus earthquakes caused by thrust
scientists can accurately predict the time
faulting
and location of almost all earthquakes
40.Which of the following did not occur at a plate
boundary? scientists can accurately predict the time
and location of about 50% of all earthquakes
New Madrid, Missouri, 1812
scientists can accurately predict when an
San Francisco, 1906
earthquake will occur, but not where
Anchorage, Alaska, 1964
scientists can characterize the seismic risk
Loma Prieta, California, 1989 of an area, but cannot yet accurately predict
41.Which of the following can be triggered by an most earthquakes
earthquake?
tsunami
intense ground shaking
a landslide
all of these
42.Which of the following can trigger a tsunami?
undersea earthquakes
undersea landslides
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