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Physical Self Lecture Notes

Understanding Self (Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University)

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PHYSICAL SELF

 Physical characteristics - defining trait/features of the person’s body

 Physical self - concrete dimension of the body
 Concrete - tangible and observable; can be examined

*These traits can be easily be distinguished by our naked eye by simply looking at the person
*To describe the physical self, the first step is self understanding

DIFFERENT DEFINITION OF SELF-UNDERSTANDING

a. Meriam Webster Dictionary - knowledge or understanding of one’s own capabilities, character,
feeling, or motivation
b. Santrock (2014) - the individual’s cognitive represe4ntation of the self which consists f the
substance and content of self-conception.
We observe a certain phenomena and fore schema; cognitive representation may be based on the
task that we have to perform in society
After gathering and processing the schema don pa lang tayo na kakabuo ng self-conception.
Self-conception - forming the true image of your self; based on the picture that we formed in our
brain by fulfilling our social task and that will define what kind of individual or person we are.

GROWING UP

Youth and Nation Building Act (1994)

 Between 15-30 yrs old (age range created by National Youth Commission
 You’re still considered young; all the physical changes na you undergo ay necessary and
same sa mga adolescence
 Stage that we establish our boundaries as a teenager na nagdedevelop.
 We crave respect and privacy; these two allows us to have space to grow and develop

TEENAGE YEARS - we always need the support and respect from our parents; this stage is
crucial

ERIK ERIKSON
 Highlighted the importance of the body from early development because the physical; as well
as intellectual skills will somehow serve as a basis as to whether a person has achieved a
sense of competence and be able to manage and face the demands of life complexities

WILLIAM JAMES
 Considered the body as the initial source of sensation and necessary for the origin and
maintenance of personality

THREE PERIODS OF ADOLESCNECE

1. Early (11-14)
2. Middle (15-17)
3. Late (18-21)

PUBERTY - period where we have rapid physical changes

ACCORDING TO SANTROCK (2016)

 Not the same as adolescence
 Puberty ends prior to the end of adolescent period
 Most essential marker of the beginning of adolescence
 Time where a boy/girl becomes sexually mature

GIRLS:

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 Earlier than boys

 First sign - breast development
 Hair growth in pubic areas and armpits
 Menarche - first menstrual flow

BOYS
 Development is later
 Begins with testicle and penis development
 Hair growth in pubic areas and armpits
 Muscles grow, voice deepens, facial hair
 Spermarche/Semenarche - first ejaculation or nocturnal emission; happens in wet dreams

PUBERTY
 Brain-neuroendocrine process
 Endocrine gland - hormones responsible for growth/development
 Triggers rapid physical changes that occur in the adolescent stage
 Pituitary gland - controls growth and regulate all function of all other endocrine glands
including gonads (ovaries - girls; testes- boys)
 Gonads - sex glands; secretes hormones, distributed by the blood stream throughout the body
 Estrogen (girls) - responsible as changes like increase in height, widening of hips, increase in
fatty tissues in the breast
 Androgen and testosterone (boys) - boy’s growth of facial and body hair; development of
muscles; change in voice

CHANGES CLASSIFIED
a. Secondary sexual changes - Physical changes that distinguishes boys from girls
b. Primary sexual changes - changes in the reproductive organs.

FACTORS THAT AFFECT PERCEPTION OF THE PHYSICAL SELF

PERSONAL FACTORS
1. Introspection and Self-Reflection
 Introspection - how u observe yourself; how u examine one’s external state
 Talks about behavior, personal reaction and own motivation
 It is limited cause people are motivated to keep this unwanted thoughts and experiences out of
memory and consciousness
 Low self-insight on aspect abt the self that they wish were not true
 Many people tend to overestimate their positive aspects
 If yung isang trait ay negative, unwanted or not useful sa self mo or sa role mo sa society we
always tend to keep it

2. Self-Perception theory
 Internal state is difficult to interpret
 Treating internal behavior as outside behavior
 Kung papano mo pinepreserve internal toughts mo will define kung ano ka outside
 Physical Perception - your perception of the physical self; how u observe it

3. Self-Concept
 Self-knowledge- totality of your belief pertaining to you self
 Collection of experiences, characteristics, social roles, values, goals, and fears
 How u describe you physical self in terms of physical appearance
 Non-negotiable kasi kaw yung nakakita, nakakapaganalyze and nakakapaginterpret na
nakikita ng mata natin

4. Personal Identity
 Concept of a person abt sa sarili niya na nagdevelop thru the years

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SOCIAL FACTORS
1. Attachment Process and Social Appraisal
 Bowlby (1996) - people learn abt their value and lovability when they experience their
mother/caregivers care and respond to their needs
 Earliest interactions are important in developing who they are
 Learning begins with our first encounter with our mother/caregivers
 Caregiving must be consistent kasi napprovide yung needs natin na naghehelp magpromote
ng positive self-concept
 If neglectful/unresponsive magkakaroon ka ng negative self-concept

2. Maintaining, Regulating and Expanding the Self in Interpersonal Relationships

 Sense of self is continuously shaped thru ongoing interaction with other people, they act as
their private audiences
 Since we are being shaped, we know how to regulate, control, maintain, remove our emotions
 People are not aware they are being influenced by them

 View of oneself comes from a compilation of personal qualities and impressions of how others
perceive the individual
 Image is shaped and reflected from social world
 Other people’s reaction serves as a mirror in which people see themselves

3. Reflected appraisal
 inferences regarding other’s appraisal of a person
 U reflect the reactions of other people towards you
 These appraisal becomes you self-concept which guides ur behavior; these concept will
become a part of u already

4. social comparison
 A process where u compare yourself with other people
 a. Upward - positive: compares yourself with someone better than u; they serve as you
motivation/inspiration, negative: comparison becomes your source of inferiority
 b. Downward - compare yourself who is worse than u are; may give rise to arrogance; you will
always think that you are better than that person

5. Social Identity Theory (Collective Self-Identity)

 Tafeland and Turner in 1979
 Being used to connect to a wider social network
 Assumes an out-group; enhances self esteem because they feel secured with the shield of the
group membership where they belong
 Self-esteem - measure of how much you value, respect and feel confident abut yourself

IMPACT OF CULTURE ON BODY IMAGE AND SELF-ESTEEM AND IMPORTANCE OF

BEAUTY
 Culture - social system that is characterized by shared meaning that are attributed to people
and events by its members
 Young adolescents are force to adhere to society’s definition of beauty
 Beauty - quality of being physically attractive; qualities in a person or thing that give pleasure
to the senses or mind

THE IMPORTANCE OF BEAUTY

 Favored in the society and easily find jobs
 Viewed by other as happier, smarter and better people
 Beauty is in the eye of the beholder

THE FILIPINMO CONCEPT OF BEAUTY

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a. Eurocentrism
 Interpret the world in terms of European or Anglo-American values and experience
 Tisoy/tisay is strongly promoted in media
 Idea that European standard of beauty is the only thing can be deemed as beautiful

b. Colorism
 Prejudicial/preferential treatment based solely on the color of theirs skin
 Not beautiful: dark-skin, flat noses

SELF-ESTEEM AND THE IDEAL BODY IMAGE

 Self-esteem - universal evidence that a person has of himself which can be positive/negative,
high/low
 How u value yourself; something to do confidence
 Physical appearance - one of the factors that affect a person’s self-esteem
 Low - may not perceive himself as beautiful

BODY IMAGE
 How you look at yourself; how you imagine how you look
 Either positive or negative
 Adolescents with positive body image are engaged in health enhancing behaviors (eating
balanced diet and exercising regularly)
 Adolescents with poor body image have negative thoughts and feelings about their
appearance which can be neither true or not
 Girls are less happy with their body image

IMAGINARY AUDIENCE -egocentric state; you imagine and believe that many people are activly
listening to or watching him or her
SPOTLIGHT EFFECT - belief that others are paying more attention to your appearance and
behavior than they really are

ELIZABETH HURLOCK’S LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT

 The development of life from the conception to death
1. GERMINAL
 Two week period; cell development
 Zygote divide and make its way to the uterus
 Placenta and umbilical cord form during this period
 Cells begin to develop specialized cells

2. EMBRYONIC
 Two weeks after to eight weeks
 Cells develop specific organs and structures

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 Neuron development
 One inch long w/ distinct features
 Nearly all organs are present

3. FETAL
 8 weeks to birth
 Baby remains in the uterus
 Sex organs develop
 Organs finish developing
 Fetus gains abt 7 pounds during this period

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