Concept of Research

CONCEPT
OF
RESEARCH
What is Research:
Definition, Methods,
Types & Examples
The search for knowledge is closely linked to the object
of study; that is, to the reconstruction of the facts that
will provide an explanation to an observed event and that
at first sight can be considered as a problem. It is very
human to seek answers and satisfy our curiosity. Let’s
talk about research.
Content Index
1. What is Research?
2. What are the characteristics of research?
3. What is the purpose of research?
1. Comparative analysis chart
4. Types of research methods and example
1. Qualitative methods
2. Quantitative methods
5. 8 tips for conducting accurate research
What is Research?
Research is the careful consideration of study regarding a
particular concern or research problem using scientific
methods. According to the American sociologist Earl
Robert Babbie, “research is a systematic inquiry to
describe, explain, predict, and control the observed
phenomenon. It involves inductive and deductive
methods.”
Inductive methods analyze an observed event, while

deductive methods verify the observed event. Inductive
approaches are associated with qualitative research, and
deductive methods are more commonly associated
with quantitative analysis.
Research is conducted with a purpose to:
 Identify potential and new customers

 Understand existing customers
 Set pragmatic goals
 Develop productive market strategies
 Address business challenges
 Put together a business expansion plan
 Identify new business opportunities
What are the characteristics of

research?
1. Good research follows a systematic approach to
capture accurate data. Researchers need to practice
ethics and a code of conduct while making
observations or drawing conclusions.
2. The analysis is based on logical reasoning and
involves both inductive and deductive methods.
3. Real-time data and knowledge is derived from actual
observations in natural settings.
4. There is an in-depth analysis of all data collected so
that there are no anomalies associated with it.
5. It creates a path for generating new questions.
Existing data helps create more research
opportunities.
6. It is analytical and uses all the available data so that
there is no ambiguity in inference.
7. Accuracy is one of the most critical aspects of
research. The information must be accurate and
correct. For example, laboratories provide a
controlled environment to collect data. Accuracy is
measured in the instruments used, the calibrations of
instruments or tools, and the experiment’s final
result.
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What is the purpose of research?
There are three main purposes:
1. Exploratory: As the name suggests, researchers

conduct exploratory studies to explore a group of
questions. The answers and analytics may not offer a
conclusion to the perceived problem. It is undertaken
to handle new problem areas that haven’t been
explored before. This exploratory data
analysis process lays the foundation for more
conclusive data collection and analysis.
LEARN ABOUT: Descriptive Analysis
1. Descriptive: It focuses on expanding knowledge on

current issues through a process of data
collection. Descriptive research describe the
behavior of a sample population. Only one variable is
required to conduct the study. The three primary
purposes of descriptive studies are describing,
explaining, and validating the findings. For example,
a study conducted to know if top-level management
leaders in the 21st century possess the moral right
to receive a considerable sum of money from the
company profit.
LEARN ABOUT: Best Data Collection Tools
1. Explanatory: Causal research or explanatory

research is conducted to understand the impact of
specific changes in existing standard procedures.
Running experiments is the most popular form. For
example, a study that is conducted to understand the
effect of rebranding on customer loyalty.
Here is a comparative analysis chart for a better

understanding:
Exploratory Descriptive Explanatory

Research Research Research
Approach
Unstructured Structured Highly structure
used
Conducted Asking questions Asking questions By using

through hypotheses.
Early stages of Later stages of Later stages of

Time
decision making decision making decision making
It begins by asking the right questions and choosing an

appropriate method to investigate the problem. After
collecting answers to your questions, you can analyze the
findings or observations to draw reasonable conclusions.
When it comes to customers and market studies, the

more thorough your questions, the better the analysis.
You get essential insights into brand perception and
product needs by thoroughly collecting customer data
through surveys and questionnaires. You can use this
data to make smart decisions about your marketing
strategies to position your business effectively.
To make sense of your study and get insights faster, it

helps to use a research repository as a single source of
truth in your organization and manage your research data
in one centralized data repository.
Types of research methods and

Examples
Research methods are broadly classified
as Qualitative and Quantitative.
Both methods have distinctive properties and data

collection methods.
Qualitative methods
Qualitative research is a method that collects data using
conversational methods, usually open-ended questions.
The responses collected are essentially non-numerical.
This method helps a researcher understand what
participants think and why they think in a particular way.
Types of qualitative methods include:
1. One-to-one Interview
2. Focus Groups
3. Ethnographic studies
4. Text Analysis
5. Case Study
Quantitative methods
Quantitative methods deal with numbers and
measurable forms. It uses a systematic way of
investigating events or data. It answers questions to
justify relationships with measurable variables to either
explain, predict, or control a phenomenon.
Types of quantitative methods include:
1. Survey research
2. Descriptive research
3. Correlational research
LEARN MORE: Descriptive Research vs Correlational
Research
Remember, it is only valuable and useful when it is valid,

accurate, and reliable. Incorrect results can lead to
customer churn and a decrease in sales.
It is essential to ensure that your data is:
 Valid – founded, logical, rigorous, and impartial.

 Accurate – free of errors and including required
details.
 Reliable – other people who investigate in the same
way can produce similar results.
 Timely – current and collected within an appropriate
time frame.
 Complete – includes all the data you need to support
your business decisions.
GATHER INSIGHTS
8 tips for conducting accurate research

1. Identify the main trends and issues, opportunities,
and problems you observe. Write a sentence
describing each one.
2. Keep track of the frequency with which each of the
main findings appears.
3. Make a list of your findings from the most common to
the least common.
4. Evaluate a list of the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats identified in a SWOT
analysis.
5. Prepare conclusions and recommendations about
your study.
6. Act on your strategies
7. Look for gaps in the information, and consider doing
additional inquiry if necessary
8. Plan to review the results and consider efficient
methods to analyze and interpret results.
Review your goals before making any conclusions about

your study. Remember how the process you have
completed and the data you have gathered help answer
your questions. Ask yourself if what your analysis
revealed facilitates the identification of your conclusions
and recommendations.

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CONCEPT

Inductive methods analyze an observed event, while

Research is conducted with a purpose to:

 Identify potential and new customers

What are the characteristics of

Create memorable experiences based on real-time

1. Exploratory: As the name suggests, researchers

LEARN ABOUT: Descriptive Analysis

1. Descriptive: It focuses on expanding knowledge on

LEARN ABOUT: Best Data Collection Tools

1. Explanatory: Causal research or explanatory

Here is a comparative analysis chart for a better

Exploratory Descriptive Explanatory

Conducted Asking questions Asking questions By using

Early stages of Later stages of Later stages of

It begins by asking the right questions and choosing an

When it comes to customers and market studies, the

To make sense of your study and get insights faster, it

Types of research methods and

Both methods have distinctive properties and data

Types of qualitative methods include:

Types of quantitative methods include:

Remember, it is only valuable and useful when it is valid,

It is essential to ensure that your data is:

 Valid – founded, logical, rigorous, and impartial.

8 tips for conducting accurate research

Review your goals before making any conclusions about

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