Characterutdbkistics of MIS
Characterutdbkistics of MIS
Characterutdbkistics of MIS
systems and procedures. To a programmer it is nothing but file structures and file processing.
However, it involves much more complexity.
The three components of MIS provide a more complete and focused definition, where System
suggests integration and holistic view, Information stands for processed data, and Management
is the ultimate user, the decision makers.
Management
Management covers the planning, control, and administration of the operations of a concern. The
top management handles planning; the middle management concentrates on controlling; and the
lower management is concerned with actual administration.
Information
Information, in MIS, means the processed data that helps the management in planning,
controlling and operations. Data means all the facts arising out of the operations of the concern.
Data is processed i.e. recorded, summarized, compared and finally presented to the management
in the form of MIS report.
System
Data is processed into information with the help of a system. A system is made up of inputs,
processing, output and feedback or control.
Thus MIS means a system for processing data in order to give proper information to the
management for performing its functions.
Definition
Management Information System or 'MIS' is a planned system of collecting, storing, and
disseminating data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management.
Objectives of MIS
The goals of an MIS are to implement the organizational structure and dynamics of the enterprise
for the purpose of managing the organization in a better way and capturing the potential of the
information system for competitive advantage.
Characteristics of MIS
Following are the characteristics of an MIS:
It should be able to process data accurately and with high speed, using various techniques
like operations research, simulation, heuristics, etc.
It should be able to collect, organize, manipulate, and update large amount of raw data of
both related and unrelated nature, coming from various internal and external sources at
different periods of time.
It should provide real time information on ongoing events without any delay.
It should support various output formats and follow latest rules and regulations in
practice.
It should provide organized and relevant information for all levels of management:
strategic, operational, and tactical.
It should aim at extreme flexibility in data storage and retrieval.
• System approach: MIS follows the system approach, which implies a step
by step approach to the study of system and its performance in the light of
the objective for which it has been constituted. It means taking a
comprehensive view or a complete look at the interlocking sub-systems that
operate within an organisation.
A. Set-up costs
B. Work force
C. Overtime rates
D. Production capacity
E. Inventory level
F. Capital requirements
G. Customer services
You can start developing an MIS by using a specific sub-system, but serious
shortcomings may result unless the identity of MIS is realized and properly
reflected in the total system. Thus, an integrated system, which blends
information from several operational areas, is a necessary characteristic of
MIS.
Hardware: The hardware components of MIS include various input and output
devices that helps in feeding data as well as displaying the information when
required. The input devices include the keyboard, scanners and mouse. The output
devices may be the monitor, printer, network devices, and so on. The hardware
devices are the physical parts of MIS that helps in maintaining the data of an
organisation.
Software: The programs and applications that convert data into machine-readable
language are known as software. There are various types of software that are used
for processing the information of an organisation such as ERP and CRM. ERP is
software package that combines all data and processes of an organisation. It uses
multiple components of computer software and hardware to achieve the
integration.The main advantage of an ERP system is that it uses a single, unified
database to store data for the various systems. An ERP system helps in controlling
all the functions of an organisation. CRM is also a software package that includes
the capabilities, methodologies and technologies in order to support an
organisation in managing the customer relationships. The general purpose of CRM
is to enable organisations to manage their customers through the introduction of
reliable systems, processes and procedures.
Personnel: Personnel of MIS are the computer experts, managers and users who
utilise the computer-based information system for achieving the organisational
goals. The various personnel of the organisation use the information stored in MIS
for performing different functions such as planning and decision-making.