Standards,

codes and
miscellaneous
data

British & European Standards & Codes of

Practice ............................................................. 228
Conversion factors and miscellaneous data ...... 235

227
Standards, codes and miscellaneous data Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide

BS 1212 - 4: Specification for compact type float operated

British & European valves for WC flushing cisterns (including floats).

Standards & Codes of BS EN 1213: Building valves - Copper alloy stop valves for
potable water in buildings - General technical specifications.
Practice BS EN 1254: Copper and copper alloys - Plumbing fittings.
Some of the BS ENs listed below were still to be published at BS EN 1254 -1: Fittings with ends for capillary solder.
the time of writing this guide. On publication these BS ENs will
often completely or partially replace a British Standard, which BS EN 1254 - 2: Fittings with compression ends for copper
will then be withdrawn or revised as appropriate. The exact title tube.
and possibly the number of parts may vary slightly when new BS EN 1254 - 3: Fittings with compression ends for plastic
BS ENs are actually published. pipes.
Users are advised to check the current status of these BS EN 1254 - 4: Fittings combining other end connections
documents before using them. BSI have an excellent web site with capillary or compression ends.
where on line checks can instantly be made. www.bsi-
global.com BS EN 1254 - 5: Fittings with short ends for capillary brazing
to copper tubes.
BS EN 1452 - Plastic piping systems for water supply - PVC-
Hot and cold water supplies U.
Design BS EN 1452 - 1: General.
BS EN 805: Water supply - Requirements for systems and BS EN 1452 - 2: Pipes.
components outside buildings.
BS EN 1452 - 3: Fittings.
BS EN 806: Specification for installations inside buildings
conveying water for human consumption. BS EN 1452 - 4: Valves and ancillary equipment.

BS EN 806 - 1: General. BS EN 1452 - 5: Fitness for purpose of the system.

BS EN 806 - 2: Design. BS EN 1452 - 6: Recommended practice for installation.

BS EN 806 - 3: Pipe sizing. BS EN 1452 - 7: Assessment of conformity.

BS EN 806 - 4: Installation. BS EN 1508: Water supply - Requirements for systems &

components for the storage of water.
BS EN 806 - 5: Corrosion.
BS 1566: Copper cylinders for domestic purposes.
BS 6700: Specification for design, installation, testing and
maintenance of services supplying water for domestic use BS 1566 - 1: Specification for double feed indirect cylinders.
within buildings and their curtilages. BS 1566 - 2: Specification for single feed indirect cylinders.
Materials BS EN 1717: Protection against pollution of potable water in
BS 143 and 1256: Specification for malleable cast iron and drinking water installations & general requirements of devices
cast copper alloy threaded pipe fittings. to prevent pollution by backflow.

BS EN 200: Sanitary tapware - General technical specification BS 3198: Specification for copper hot water storage
for single taps & mixer taps (nominal size 1/2") PN10 - combination units for domestic hot water.
Minimum flow pressure of 0.05MPa (0.5 bar). BS 4127: Specification for light gauge stainless steel tubes,
BS EN 545: Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their primarily for water applications.
joints for water pipelines - Requirements and test methods. BS 5154: Specification for copper alloy globe, globe stop and
BS 699: Specification for copper direct cylinders for domestic check, check and gate valves.
purposes. BS 6282: Devices with moving parts for the prevention of
BS 853 - 1: Calorifiers and storage vessels for central heating contamination of water by backflow.
and hot water supply. BS 6282 - 1: Specification for check valves of nominal size up
BS 853 - 2: Tubular heat exchangers and storage vessels for to and including DN54.
building and industrial services. BS 6282 - 2: Specification for terminal anti-vacuum valves of
BS EN 1057: Copper & copper alloys - Seamless round copper nominal size up to and including DN54.
tubes for water and gas in sanitary & heating applications. BS 6282 - 3: Specification for in-line anti-vacuum valves of
BS 1212: Float operated valves. nominal size up to and including DN42.

BS 1212 -1: Specification for piston type float operated valves BS 6282 - 4: Specification for combined check and anti-
(copper alloy body) (excluding floats). vacuum valves of nominal size up to and including DN42.

BS 1212 - 2: Specification for diaphragm type float operated BS 6283: Safety and control devices for use in hot water
valves (copper alloy body) (excluding floats). systems.

BS 1212 - 3: Specification for diaphragm type float operated BS 6283 - 2: Specification for temperature relief valves for
valves (plastic bodied) for cold water services only (excluding pressures from 1 bar to 10 bar.
floats). BS 6283 - 4: Specification for drop-tight pressure reducing
valves of nominal size up to and including DN 50 for supply
pressures up to and including 12 bar.
228 BS 6572: Specification for blue polyethylene pipes up to
nominal size 63mm for below ground use for potable water.
Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide Standards, codes and miscellaneous data

Legionnaires disease Resource efficient design

BS 6068 - 4.12: Water quality - Microbiological methods. BS 5918: Code of practice for solar heating systems for
Detection and enumeration of legionella. domestic hot water.
BS 7592: Methods for sampling for legionella organisms in BS 8207: Code of practice for energy efficiency in buildings.
water and related materials.
BS 8211 - 1: Energy efficiency in housing - Code of practice for
EN 13623: Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics - energy efficient refurbishment of housing.
Bactericidal activities of products against legionella
pneumophila - Test methods and requirements BS EN 12975 - 1: Thermal solar systems and components -
(phase2/step1). Solar collectors - General requirements.
BS EN 12976 - 1: Thermal solar systems and components -
Factory made systems - Test methods.
Heating
BS 853: Specification for vessels for use in heating systems.
Piped gas services
BS EN 1264 - 1: Floor heating - Systems and components -
Definitions and symbols. Design
BS EN 1264 - 2: Floor heating - Systems and components - BS 5482: Domestic butane and propane gas installations.
Determination of the thermal output.
BS 5482 - 1: Specification for installations at permanent
BS EN 1264 - 3: Floor heating - Systems and components - dwellings.
Dimensioning.
BS 5482 - 2: Installations in caravans and non-permanent
BS EN 1264 - 4: Floor heating - Systems and components. dwellings.
Installation.
Materials
BS 2767: Specification for manually operated copper alloy
valves for radiators. BS EN 26: Gas fired instantaneous water heaters for the
production of domestic hot water, fitted with atmospheric
BS 2869: Specification for fuel oils for agricultural, domestic
burners.
and industrial engines and boilers.
BS EN 88: Pressure governors for gas appliances for inlet
BS 4814: Specification for expansion vessels using an
pressures up to 200mbar.
internal diaphragm, for sealed hot water heating systems.
BS EN 89: Gas fired storage water heaters for the production
BS 5250: Code of practice for control of condensation in
of domestic hot water.
buildings.
BS 143 and 1256: Threaded pipe fittings in malleable cast iron
BS 5410 - 1: Code of practice for oil firing - Installations up to
and cast alloy.
45kW output capacity for space heating and hot water supply
purposes. BS EN 297: Gas fired central heating boilers - Type B11 and
B11BS boilers fitted with atmospheric burners of nominal heat
BS 5410 - 2: Code of practice for oil firing - Installations up to
input not exceeding 70kW.
45kW and above output capacity for space heating, hot water
and steam supply services. BS EN 483: Gas fired central heating boilers - Type C boilers
BS 5440 - 1: Installation and maintenance of flues and of nominal heat input not exceeding 70kW.
ventilation of gas appliances of rated input not exceeding BS EN 625: Gas fired central heating boilers - Specific
70kW net (1st, 2nd and 3rd family gases) - Specification for requirements for the domestic hot water operation of
Installation and maintenance of flues. combination boilers of nominal heat input not exceeding 70kW.
BS 5440 - 2: Installation and maintenance of flues and BS 669: Flexible hoses, end fittings and sockets for gas
ventilation of gas appliances of rated input not exceeding burning appliances.
70kW net (1st, 2nd and 3rd family gases) - Specification for BS 669 - 1: Specification for strip-wound metallic flexible
Installation and maintenance of ventilation of gas appliances. hoses, covers, end fittings and sockets for domestic appliances
BS 5449: Specification for forced circulation hot water central burning 1st and 2nd family gases.
heating systems for domestic premises. BS 669 - 2: Specification for corrugated metallic flexible hoses,
BS 5970: Code of practice for thermal insulation of pipework covers, end fittings and sockets for catering appliances burning
and equipment in the temperature range of -100°C to +870°C. 1st, 2nd and 3rd family gases.
BS 6351 - 1: Electric surface heating - Specification for BS EN 677: Gas fired central heating boilers - Specific
electric surface heating devices. requirements for condensing boilers of nominal heat input not
BS 6351 - 3: Electric surface heating - Code of practice for exceeding 70kW.
the installation, testing and maintenance of electric surface BS 746: Specification for gas meter unions and adaptors.
heating systems. BS EN 1057: Copper & copper alloys - Seamless round copper
BS 6798: Specification for installation of gas fired boilers of tubes for water and gas in sanitary & heating applications.
rated input not exceeding 70kW net. BS EN 1254: Copper and copper alloys - Plumbing fittings.
BS EN ISO 13370: Thermal performance of buildings - Heat BS EN 1254 - 1: Fittings with ends for capillary solder.
transfer via the ground - Calculation methods.
BS EN 1254 - 2: Fittings with compression ends for copper
tube.

229
Standards, codes and miscellaneous data Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide

BS EN 1254 - 3: Fittings with compression ends for plastic Sanitary plumbing and drainage
pipes.
Design
BS EN 1254 - 4: Fittings combining other end connections
with capillary or compression ends. BS EN 752: Drain and sewer systems outside buildings.

BS 1387: Specification for screwed and socketed steel tubes BS EN 752 - 1: Generalities and definitions.
and tubulars and for plain steel tubes suitable for welding or BS EN 752 - 2: Performance requirements.
for screwing to BS 21 pipe threads. BS EN 752 - 3: Planning.
BS 1552: Specification for open bottomed taper plug valves BS EN 752 - 4: Hydraulic design and environmental
for 1st, 2nd and 3rd family gases up to 200mbar. considerations.
BS 3016: Specification for pressure regulators and BS EN 752 - 5: Rehabilitation.
automatic change-over devices for liquefied petroleum
gases. BS EN 752 - 6: Pumping installations.
BS 3212: Specification for flexible rubber tubing, rubber BS EN 752 - 7: Maintenance and operations.
hose and rubber hose assemblies for use in LPG vapour BS EN 858: Installations for separation of light liquids (oil &
phase and LPG/air installations. petrol).
BS 3554: Specification for gas governors. BS EN 858 - 1: Principles of design, performance, testing,
BS 3554 - 1: Independent governors for inlet pressures up to marking and quality control.
25mbar. BS EN 1085: Wastewater treatment - vocabulary.
BS 3554 - 2: Independent governors for inlet pressures up to BS EN 1091: Vacuum sewerage systems outside buildings.
350mbar.
BS EN 12109: Vacuum Drainage in Buildings.
BS 3601: Specification for carbon steel pipes and tubes with
BS EN 1295: Structural design of buried pipelines under various
specified room temperature properties for pressure
conditions of loadings - General requirements.
purposes.
BS EN 1610: Construction and testing of drains and sewers.
BS 3604: Steel pipes and tubes for pressure purposes -
Ferritic alloy steel with specified elevated temperature BS EN 1671: Pressure sewer systems outside buildings.
properties. BS EN 1825 Part 2: Installations for separation of grease.
BS 3604 -1: Specification for seamless and electric BS 6297: Code of Practice for design and installation of small
resistance welded tubes. sewage treatment works.
BS 3604 - 2: Specification for longitudinally arc welded BS 6465: Sanitary installations.
tubes.
BS 6465 - 1: Code of practice for scale of provision, selection
BS 3605: Austenitic stainless steel pipes and tubes for and installation of sanitary appliances.
pressure purposes.
BS 6465 - 2: Code of practice for space requirements for
BS 3605 - 1: Specification for seamless tubes. sanitary appliances.
BS 3605 - 2: Specification for longitudinally welded tube. BS EN 12056 - Gravity drainage systems inside buildings.
BS 4089: Specification for metallic hose assemblies for BS EN 12056 - 1: General performance requirements.
liquid petroleum gases and liquefied natural gas.
BS EN 12056 - 2: Sanitary pipework, layout and calculation.
BS 4161: Gas meters.
BS EN 12056 - 3: Roof drainage, layout and calculation.
BS 4161 - 8: Specification for electronic volume correctors.
BS EN 12056 - 4: Wastewater lifting plants, layout and
BS 4250: Specification for commercial butane and calculation.
commercial propane.
BS EN 12056 - 5: Installation and testing, instructions for
BS 7281: Specification for polyethylene pipes for the supply operation and use.
of gaseous fuels.
BS EN 12566: Small wastewater treatment plants less than
BS 7336: Specification for polyethylene fusion fittings with 50pt.
integral heating elements(s) for use with polyethylene pipes
for the conveyance of gaseous fuels. Materials
BS 7838: Specification for corrugated stainless steel semi- BS 65: Specification for vitrified clay pipes, fittings and ducts,
rigid pipe and associated fittings for low pressure gas also flexible mechanical joints for use solely with surface water
pipework of up to 28mm. pipes and fittings.
BS EN 124: Gully tops and manhole tops for vehicular &
pedestrian areas - Design requirements, type testing, marking,
quality control.
BS EN 274: Sanitary tapware - Waste fittings for basins, bidets
& baths. General technical specification.
BS EN 295: Specification for vitrified clay pipes and fittings and
pipe joints for drains and sewers.

230
Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide Standards, codes and miscellaneous data

BS EN 295 - 1: Requirements. BS 1247 Part 1: Specification for galvanised ferrous or

BS EN 295 - 2: Quality control and sampling. stainless steel manhole steps.

BS EN 295 - 3: Test methods. BS 1247 Part 2: Specification for plastic encapsulated

manhole steps.
BS EN 295 - 4: Requirements for special fittings, adaptors
and compatible accessories. BS 1247 Part 3: Specification for aluminium manhole steps.

BS EN 295 - 5: Requirements for perforated vitrified clay BS EN 1253: Gullies for buildings.
pipes and fittings. BS EN 1253 - 1: Requirements.
BS EN 295 - 6: Requirements for vitrified clay manholes. BS EN 1253 - 2: Test methods.
BS EN 295 - 7: Requirements for vitrified clay pipes and joints BS EN 1253 - 3: Quality control.
for pipe jacking. BS EN 1253 - 4: Access covers.
BS EN 329: Sanitary tapware - Waste fittings for shower trays BS EN 1254: Copper and copper alloys - Plumbing fittings.
- General technical specifications.
BS EN 1254 - 1: Fittings with ends for capillary soldering or
BS EN 411: Sanitary tapware - Waste fittings for sinks - capillary brazing to copper tubes.
General technical specifications.
BS EN 1254 - 2: Fittings with compression ends for use with
BS 416 Part 1: Discharge and ventilating pipes and fittings, copper tubes.
sand-cast or spun in cast iron - Specification for spigot and
socket systems. BS EN 1254 - 4: Fittings combining other end connections with
capillary or compression ends.
BS 437: Specification for cast iron spigot and socket pipes
and fittings. BS EN 1293: General requirements for components used in
pneumatically pressurised discharge pipes, drains and sewers.
BS EN 476: General requirements for the components used
in discharge pipes, drains and sewers for gravity systems. BS EN 1329: Plastics piping systems for soil and waste
discharge (low and high temperature) within the building
BS EN 588: Fibre cement pipes for drains and sewers. structure - Unplasticised polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U).
BS EN 588 - 1: Pipes, joints & fittings for gravity systems. BS EN 1329 - 1: Specification for pipes, fittings and the
BS EN 588 - 2: Manholes & inspection chambers. system.
BS EN 598: Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their BS EN 1329 - 2: Guidance for assessment of conformity.
joints for sewerage applications - Requirements and test BS 1387: Specification for screwed and socketed steel tubes
methods. and tubulars and for plain steel tubes suitable for welding or for
BS EN 607: Eaves gutters and fittings made from PVC-U - screwing to BS 21 pipe threads.
Definitions, requirements and testing. BS EN 1401: Plastic piping systems for non-pressure
BS EN 612: Eaves gutters and rainwater down-pipes made underground drainage & sewerage - Unplasticised polyvinyl
from metal sheet - Definitions, classification, requirements chloride (PVC-U).
and testing. BS EN 1401 - 1: Specification for pipes, fittings and the
BS EN 773: General requirements for components used in system.
hydraulically pressurised discharge pipes, drains and sewers. BS EN 1401 - 2: Guidance for assessment of conformity.
BS 882: Specification for aggregates from natural sources for BS EN 1433: Drainage channels for vehicular and pedestrian
concrete. areas - Classification, design & testing requirements, marking
BS EN 877: Cast iron pipes and fittings, their joints and and quality control.
accessories for the evacuation of water from buildings - BS EN 1444: Fibre-cement pipelines - Guide for laying and on
Requirements, test methods and quality assurance. site work practices.
BS EN 1115: Plastic piping systems for underground BS EN 1451: Plastic piping for soil and waste discharge (low
drainage & sewerage under pressure - Glass reinforced and high temperature) within the building structure -
thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester Polypropylene (PP).
(UP).
BS EN 1451 - 1: Specification for pipes, fittings and the
BS EN 1115 - 1: General. system.
BS EN 1123: Pipes and fittings of longitudinally welded hot- BS EN 1451 - 2: Guidance for the assessment of conformity.
dip galvanised steel pipes with spigot and socket for
wastewater systems. BS EN 1453: Plastic piping systems with structured wall pipes
for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) within
BS EN 1123 -1: Requirements, testing, quality control. the building structure - Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-
BS EN 1123 - 2: Dimensions. U).
BS EN 1124: Pipes and fittings of longitudinally welded BS EN 1453 - 1: Specifications for pipes and the system.
stainless steel pipes with spigot and socket for wastewater BS EN 1453 - 2: Guidance for the assessment of conformity.
systems.
BS EN 1455: Plastic piping for soil and waste discharge (low
BS EN 1124 - 1: Requirements, testing, quality control. and high temperature) within the building structure -
BS EN 1124 - 2: System S - Dimensions. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS).
BS EN 1124 - 3: System X - Dimensions. BS EN 1455 - 1: Specifications for pipes, fittings and the
BS 1247: Manhole steps. system.
BS EN 1455 - 2: Guidance for the assessment of conformity.

231
Standards, codes and miscellaneous data Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide

BS EN 1456: Plastic piping systems for buried and above ground Sanitaryware
drainage and sewerage under pressure - Unplasticized polyvinyl
chloride (PVC-U). BS EN 31: Pedestal wash basins - Connecting dimensions.

BS EN 1456 - 1: Specification for piping components and the BS EN 32: Wall hung wash basins - Connecting dimensions.
system. BS EN 33: Pedestal WC pans with close coupled cistern -
BS EN 1462: Brackets for eaves gutters - Requirements and Connecting dimensions.
testing. BS EN 34: Wall hung WC pans with close coupled cistern -
BS EN 1519: Plastic piping for soil and waste discharge (low and Connecting dimensions.
high temperature) within the building structure - Polyethylene BS EN 35: Pedestal bidets over rim supply only - Connecting
(PE). dimensions.
BS EN 1519 -1: Specifications for pipes, fittings and the system. BS EN 36: Wall hung bidets over rim supply only -
BS EN 1519 - 2: Guidance for the assessment of conformity. Connecting dimensions.

BS EN 1565: Plastic piping for soil and waste discharge (low and BS EN 37: Pedestal WC pans with independent water
high temperature) within the building structure - Styrene supply - Connecting dimensions.
copolymer blends (SAN + PVC). BS EN 38: Wall hung WC pans with independent water
BS EN 1565 - 1: Specifications for pipes, fittings and the system. supply

BS EN 1565 - 2: Guidance for the assessment of conformity. - Connecting dimensions.

BS EN 1566: Plastic piping for soil and waste discharge (low and BS EN 80: Wall hung urinals - Connecting dimensions.
high temperature) within the building structure - Chlorinated BS EN 111: Specification for wall hung hand rinse basins -
polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C). Connecting dimensions.
BS EN 1566 - 1: Specifications for pipes, fittings and the system. BS EN 232: Baths - Connecting dimensions.
BS EN 1566 - 2: Guidance for the assessment of conformity. BS EN 251: Shower trays - Connecting dimensions.
BS EN 1852: Plastics piping systems for non-pressure BS EN 695: Kitchen sinks - Connecting dimensions.
underground drainage and sewerage - Polypropylene (PP).
BS EN 997: WC pans with integral trap.
BS EN 1852 - 1: Specifications for pipes, fittings and the system.
Pumps and pumping
BS EN 1852 - 2: Guidance for the assessment of conformity.
Materials
BS 2494: Specification for elastomeric seals for joints in
pipework and pipelines. BS 5257: Specification for horizontal and end suction
centrifugal pumps (16 bar).
BS 3868: Specification for prefabricated drainage stack units in
galvanised steel. BS EN 12050: Wastewater lifting plants for buildings and
sites
BS 3943: Specification for plastic waste traps.
- Principles of construction and testing.
BS 4514: Unplasticized PVC soil and ventilating pipes of
82.4mm minimum mean outside diameter, and fittings and BS EN 12050 - 1: Lifting plants for wastewater containing
accessories of 82.4mm and of other sizes - Specification. faecal matter.
BS 4660: Thermoplastics ancillary fittings of nominal sizes 110 BS EN 12050 - 2: Lifting plants for faecal-free wastewater.
and 160 for below ground gravity drainage and sewerage.
BS EN 12050 - 3: Lifting plants for wastewater containing
BS 5911: Precast concrete pipes, fittings and ancillary products. faecal matter for limited applications.
BS 5911 - 2: Specification for inspection chambers. BS EN 12050 - 4: Non-return valves for faecal-free
wastewater and wastewater containing faecal matter.
BS 5911 - 100: Specification for unreinforced and reinforced
pipes and fittings with flexible joints.
BS 5911 - 103: Specification for prestressed non-pressure pipes
and fittings with flexible joints.
BS 5911 -110: Specification for ogee pipes and fittings (including
perforated).
BS 5911 - 114: Specification for porous pipes.
BS 5911 - 120: Specification for reinforced jacking pipes with
flexible joints.
BS 5911- 200: Specification for unreinforced and reinforced
manholes and soakaways of circular cross section.
BS 5911 - 230: Specification for road gullies and gully cover
slabs.

232
Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide Standards, codes and miscellaneous data

Fire protection services BS 3604: Steel pipes and tubes for pressure purposes -
Ferritic alloy steel with specified elevated temperature
Design properties.
BS 5306: Fire extinguishing installations and equipment on BS 3604 - 1: Specification for seamless and electric
premises. resistance welded tubes.
BS 5306 - 0: Guide for the selection of installed systems and other BS 3604 - 2: Specification for longitudinally arc welded
fire equipment. tubes.
BS 5306 - 1: Hydrant systems, hose reels and foam inlets. BS 3605: Austenitic stainless steel pipes and tubes for
BS 5306 - 2: Specification for sprinkler systems. pressure purposes.

BS 5306 - 3: Maintenance of portable fire extinguishers - Code of BS 3605 - 1: Specification for seamless tubes.
practice. BS 3605 - 2: Specification for longitudinally welded tube.
BS 5306 - 4: Specification for carbon dioxide systems. EN 671: Fixed firefighting systems - Hose systems.
BS 5306 - 5.1: Halon systems - Specification for halon 1301 total BS EN 671 -1: Hose reels with semi-rigid hose.
flooding systems.
BS EN 671 - 2: Hose systems with lay-flat hose.
BS 5306 - 5.2: Halon systems - Halon 1211 total flooding systems.
BS EN 671 - 3: Maintenance of hose reels with semi-rigid
BS 5306 - 6.1: Foam systems - Specification for low expansion hose and hose systems with-lay flat hose.
foam systems.
BS 750: Specification for underground fire hydrants and
BS 5306 - 6.2: Foam systems - Specification for medium and high surface box frames and covers.
expansion foam systems.
BS 1635: Graphic symbols and abbreviations for fire
BS 5306 - 8: Selection and installation of portable fire protection drawings.
extinguishers - Code of practice.
BS 3169: Specification for first aid reel hoses for fire
BS 5588: Fire precautions in the design, construction and use of brigade purposes.
buildings.
BS 3251: Specification - Indicator plates for fire hydrants
BS 5588 - 0: Guide to fire safety codes of practice for particular and emergency water supplies.
premises/applications.
BS 5041: Fire hydrant systems equipment.
BS 5588 - 1: Code of practice for residential buildings.
BS 5041 - 1: Specification for landing valves for wet risers.
BS 5588 - 4: Code of practice for smoke control using pressure
differentials. BS 5041 - 2: Specification for landing valves for dry risers.

BS 5588 - 5: Code of practice for firefighting stairs and lifts. BS 5041 - 3: Specification for inlet breechings for dry riser
inlets.
BS 5588 - 6: Code of practice for places of assembly.
BS 5041 - 4: Specification for boxes for landing valves for
BS 5588 - 7: Code of practice for the incorporation of atria in dry risers.
buildings.
BS 5041 - 5: Specification for boxes for foam inlets and
BS 5588 - 8: Code of practice for means of escape for disabled dry riser inlets.
people.
BS 5588 - 9: Code of practice for ventilation and air conditioning of
buildings.
BS 5588 - 10: Code of practice for shopping complexes.
BS 5588 - 11: Code of practice for shops, offices, industrial,
storage and other similar buildings.
Materials
BS 336: Specification for fire hose couplings and ancillary
equipment.
BS EN 1254: Copper and copper alloys - Plumbing fittings.
BS EN 1254 -1: Fittings with ends for capillary solder.
BS EN 1254 - 2: Fittings with compression ends for copper tube.
BS EN 1254 - 4: Fittings combining other end connections with
capillary or compression ends.
BS 1387: Specification for screwed and socketed steel tubes and
tubulars and for plain steel tubes suitable for welding or for
screwing to BS 21 pipe threads.
BS 3601: Specification for carbon steel pipes and tubes with
specified room temperature properties for pressure purposes.

233
Standards, codes and miscellaneous data Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide

Steam and condensate Designing for the disabled

BS 845 - 1: Methods for assessing thermal performance of BS 5588 - 8: Fire precautions in the design, construction and
boilers for steam, hot water and high temperature heat transfer use of buildings - Code of practice for means of escape for
fluids - Concise procedure. disabled people.
BS 845 - 2: Methods for assessing thermal performance of PD 6523: Information on access to and movement within and
boilers for steam, hot water and high temperature heat transfer around buildings and on certain facilities for disabled people.
fluids - Comprehensive procedure.
BS 8300: Design of buildings and their approaches to meet
BS 2486: Recommendations for treatment of water for steam the needs of disabled people - Code of practice.
boilers and water heaters.
Swimming pools
BS 5122: Specification for rubber hoses for low pressure and
medium pressure saturated steam. BS 6785: Code of practice for solar heating systems for
swimming pools.
BS 5292: Specification for jointing materials for installations
using water, low pressure steam or 1st, 2nd and 3rd family BS 8007: Code of practice for design of concrete structures
gases. for retaining aqueous liquids.

BS 5342: Specification for rubber hoses for high pressure BS 8110 - 1: Structural use of concrete - Code of practice for
saturated steam. design and construction.

BS 5410 - 2: Code of practice for oil firing - Installation of 45kW Electrical earthing and bonding
and above output capacity for space heating, hot water and
steam supply services. BS 951: Electrical earthing - Clamps for earthing and bonding.
Specification.
BS 6023: Glossary of technical terms for automatic steam traps.
BS 7671: Requirements for electrical installations - IEE Wiring
BS 6068 - 6.7: Water quality - Sampling - Guidance on sampling Regulations - Sixteenth edition.
of water and steam in boiler plants.
Miscellaneous
BS 6759 -1: Safety valves - Specification for safety valves for
steam and hot water. BS 1387: Specification for screwed and socketed steel tube
and tubulars and for plain end steel tubes suitable for welding
BS EN 26553: Specification for marking of automatic steam or for screwing to BS 21 pipe threads.
traps.
BS 1710: Specification for identification of pipelines and
BS EN 56554: Specification for face to face dimensions for services.
flanged automatic steam traps.
BS 4800: Schedule of paint colours for building purposes.
BS EN 26704: Classification of automatic steam traps.
BS EN 27841: Methods for determination of steam loss of
automatic steam traps.
BS EN 27842: Methods for determination of discharge capacity
of automatic steam traps.

Pipework Expansion
BS 4618 - 3.1: Recommendations for the presentation of plastic
design data - Thermal properties - Linear thermal expansion.
BS 6129 - 1: Code of practice for the selection and application of
bellows expansion joints for use in pressure systems - Metallic
bellows expansion joints.
BS EN 26801: Rubber or plastic hoses - Determination of
volumetric expansion.

Mechanical Ventilation
BS 5720: Code of practice for mechanical ventilation and air
conditioning in buildings.
pr EN 13141 - 7: Ventilation for buildings - Performance testing
of components/products for residential ventilation - Part 7:
Performance testing of a mechanical supply and exhaust
ventilation units (including heat recovery) for mechanical
ventilation systems intended for single family dwellings.

234
Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide Standards, codes and miscellaneous data

Conversion factors and miscellaneous data

Conversion factors

Table 1 Imperial to SI metric/SI metric to imperial

Imperial to Metric Metric to Imperial
Length 1 inch 25.4mm 1mm 0.03937 in
1 foot 0.3048m 1m 3.281 ft
1 yard 0.9144m 1m 1.094 yds
1 mile 1.609km 1km 0.6214 miles
1 thou 25.4pm 1pm 0.03937 thou
Area 1 in2 645.2mm2 1mm2 0.00155 in2
1 ft 2 0.0929m 2 1m2 10.76 ft2
1 yd2 0.7646m2 1m2 1.196 yd2
1 acre 0.4047 ha 1 ha 2.471 acres
Volume 1 in3 16390.0mm3 1cm3 0.006102 in3
1 in 3 16.39cm 3 1m3 35.31 ft3
1 ft3 0.02832m3 1m3 1.308 yd3
1 yd3 0.7646m3 1 litre 0.22 gallons
1 gallon 4.546 litres 1 litre 1.76 pints
1 pint 0.5683 litres 1 litre 0.3531 ft3
1 ft3 28.32 litres 1 litres 0.03531 ft3
Velocity 1 ft/min 0.00508 m/s 1m/s 196.9 ft/min
1 ft/sec 0.3048 m/s 1m/s 3.281 ft/s
1 ft/sec 1.097 kph 1km/hr 0.9113 ft/s
1 mile/hr 0.4470 m/s 1m/s 2.237 mph
Mass and density 1 oz 28.35g 1g 0.03527 oz
1 oz 0.02835kg 1kg 35.27 oz
1 lb 0.4536kg 1kg 2.205 lb
1 cwt 50.80kg 1kg 0.01968 cwt
1 ton 1016.0kg 1 tonne 0.9842 ton
1 ton 1.016 tonne 1kg/m 0.672 Ib/ft
1 Ib/ft 1.488kg/m 1 kg/m2 0.2048 Ib/ft2
1 Ib/ft 2 4.883kg/m 2 1 kg/m2 0.001422 lb/in2(psi)
1 lb/in2(psi) 703.1 kg/m2 1 kg/m3 0.06243 Ib/ft3
1 Ib/ft3 16.02kg/m3 - -
Flow rate 1 gal/min 0.07577 l/s 1 l/s 13.20 gal/min
1 gal/hr 0.001263 l/s 1 l/s 791.9 gal/hr
1 ft3/min 0.4719 l/s 1 l/s 2119 ft3/min
1 ft3/min 1.699 m3/hr 1 l3/hr 0.5886 ft3/hr
3
1 ft /hr 0.007866 l/s 1 l/s 127.1 ft3/hr
- - 1 m3/s 2119.0 ft3/min
Force (1 kgf = 9.807 N) 1 Ibf 4.448 N 1N 0.2248 lb f
1 tonf 9.964 kN 1kN 0.1004 ton f
Pressure, stress 1m head H20 - 9.807 kN/m2 (kPa) 1mb = 1002 N/m2 (Pa) 1 bar = 100kmm2 (kPa)
1 in WG 249.1 N/m2 (Pa) 1 N/m2 (Pa) 0.004014 in WG
1 in WG 2.491 mBar 1 m/Bar 0.4014 in WG
1 lb/in2 (psi) 6.895 kN/m2 1 kN/m2 0.145 lb/m2 (psi)
1 lb/in2 (psi) 68.95 mBar 1 mBar 0.01450 lb/in2 (psi)
1 head ft H20 0.06895 kN/m2 1 kN/m2 0.3345 ft head HP0
1 head ft H20 0.02989 Bar 1 Bar 33.45 ft head HP0
1 lb/in2 (psi) 0.06895 Bar 1 Bar 14.50 lb/in2 (psi)
1 atmosphere (std) 1.013 Bar 1 Bar 0.9872 atmos. (std)

235
Standards, codes and miscellaneous data Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide

Table 1 (continued) Imperial to SI metric/SI metric to imperial

Imperial to Metric Metric to Imperial

Power heat flow 1 W = 1 J/s = 1 Nm/s 1 kW = 1 kJ/s = 3.6MJ/S
1 hp 745.7 W 1kW 1.341 hp
1 btu/hr 0.2931 W 1W 3.412 btu/hr
1 btu/hr ft2 3.155W/m2 1 W/m2 0.3170 btu/hr ft2
1 btu/ft3 0.03726 mJ/m3 1 mJ/m3 26.84 btu/ft3
1 btu in/ft2h°F 0.1442 W/m2 °C 1 W/m °C 6.934 btu in/ft2h°F
(Thermal (Conductivity = k) 1 W/m2 °C 0.1761 btu/hr ft2h°F
1 btu/hr ft2h°F 5.678 W/m2oC - -
(Thermal Transmittance = U) - -
Heat kWhr = 3.6mJ 1 Therm = 100,000 btu 1Cal = 4.1868J
1 btu 1055J 1J 0.0009478 btu
1 therm 29.31 kWhr 1kWhr 0.03412 therms
1 therm 105.5MJ 1MJ 0.009479 therms
1 btu 0.2520kCal 1kCal 3.968 btu

Head and pressure of water

Table 2 Head and Pressure of Water

Pressure Pressure
Head in metres kN/m2 or kPa mbar & bar Head in metres kN/m2 or kPa mbar & bar
1 9.81 98 mbar 18.36 180 1.80 bar
1.02 10 100 mbar 19 186.33 1.86 bar
2 19.61 196 mbar 19.38 190 1.90 bar
2.04 20 200 mbar 20 196.13 1.96 bar
3 29.42 294 mbar 20.40 200 2.00 bar
3.06 30 300 mbar 25 245.17 2.45 bar
4 39.23 392 mbar 25.49 250 2.50 bar
4.08 40 400 mbar 30 294.20 2.94 bar
5 49.03 490 mbar 30.59 300 3.00 bar
5.10 50 500 mbar 35 343.23 3.43 bar
6 58.84 588 mbar 35.69 350 3.50 bar
6.12 60 600 mbar 40 392.27 3.92 bar
7 68.65 686 mbar 40.79 400 4.00 bar
7.14 70 700 mbar 45 441.30 4.41 bar
8 78.45 785 mbar 45.89 450 4.50 bar
8.16 80 800 mbar 50 490.33 4.90 bar
9 88.26 883 mbar 50.99 500 5.00 bar
9.16 90 900 mbar 60 588.40 5.88 bar
10 98.07 981 mbar 61.18 600 6.00 bar
10.20 100 1.00 bar 70 686.47 6.86 bar
11 107.87 1.08 bar 71.38 700 7.00 bar
11.22 110 1.10 bar 80 784.53 7.85 bar
12 117.68 1.18 bar 81.58 800 8.00 bar
12.24 120 1.20 bar 90 882.60 8.83 bar
13 127.49 1.27 bar 91.77 900 9.00 bar
13.26 130 1.30 bar 100 980.66 9.81 bar
14 137.29 1.37 bar 101.97 1 MN/m2 10.00 bar
14.28 140 1.42 bar 200 1.96 MN/m2 19.61 bar
15 147.10 1.47 bar 203.94 2MN/m2 20.00 bar
15.30 150 1.50 bar 300 2.94 MN/m2 29.42 bar
16 156.91 1.57 bar 305.92 3 MN/m2 30.00 bar
16.32 160 1.60 bar 400 3.92 MN/m2 39.23 bar
17 166.71 1.67 bar 407.89 4 MN/m2 40.00 bar
17.34 170 1.70 bar 500 4.90 MN/m2 49.03 bar
2
18 176.52 1.77 bar 509.86 5 MN/m 50.00 bar
The use of various units to describe pressure is creating some confusion and the increasing use of the Pascal (Pa) in lieu of the N/m2 or the
Bar may lead eventually to it becoming the most commonly used unit of pressure. This guide does not use the Pascal as a unit of pressure
but generally refers to the SI unit for pressure, which is the N/m2. However, as 1 Pa is equal to IN/m2 it presents no difficulty in relating Pa to
N/m2 and the symbol has been added to the table above to enable the user to more fully understand its function.

236
Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide Standards, codes and miscellaneous data

Hydrostatic tables
Table 3 Atmospheric pressure at sea level

SI Metric Units Imperial Units

100kN/m2 = 101 kPa 14.7 Ibf/in2
10.33m Head of water 34ft Head of water
762mm Mercury 30in Mercury

Table 4 Hydrostatic table

SI Metric units
1 Litre of water weighs 1 kilogram
1 Cubic meter of water equals 1000 litres
Head of water in meters x 9810 = pressure in N/m2
Head of water in meters x9.81 = pressure in kN/m2
Pressure in kN/m2x 0.120 = Head of water in meters
1 Bar equals 1000 mbar = 105N/m2= 10Pa
1 millibar (mbar) = 100N/M2=100Pa

Imperial units
1 Gallon of water weighs 10 pounds
1 Gallon of water equals 0.16 Cubic feet
6.25 Gallons of water equals 1 Cubic foot
Head of water in feet x 62.5 = pressure in lbf/ft2
Head of water in feet x 0.434 = pressure in Ibf/in2
Pressure in Ibf/in2 x 2.3 = Head of water in ft

237
Standards, codes and miscellaneous data Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide

Table 5 Basic indication of colours

Identification of pipelines Pipe contents Basic BS Colour Safety Colour References
Identification References
For more detailed information see BS 1710 Colour BS4800
- Identification of Pipelines Water Green 12 AD 45 Safety colours BS colours
According to the complexity of an installation References
and to the variety of fluids conveyed, the pipes BS4800
should be identified by either: Steam Silver-Grey 10 A 03 Red 04 E 53
a. Basic identification colours only for Animal, vegetable, mineral oils
installations where the determination of & combustible liquids Brown 06 C 39 Yellow 08 E 51
merely the basic nature of the contents is
sufficient Gases in gaseous or liquified
b. Basic identification colours and code condition (except air) Yellow Ochre 08 C 35 Auxiliary Blue 18 E 53
Acids and alkalis Violet 22 C 37
indications for installations where the
precise determination of the contents is of Code indication colours (if
importance. other than Safety Colours)
Air Light blue 20 E 51 Crimson 04 E 53
Basic identification of colours and colour Other fluids Black Black Emerald green 14 E 53
references Electrical services Orange 06 E 51 Salmon pink 04 C 33
- - - Yellow 10 E 53
The Basic identification Colour may be
applied:
i. Over the whole length

ii. As a band of about 150mm, depending on

the diameter of the pipeline.

Where banding is adopted, any decorative or

protective colour of the pipe shall not be any of Table 6 Optional colour code indications for general building services
the other Basic Identification Colours. The Basic Pipe contents Basic colour Colour code indication (approx. 100mm) Basic colour
Identification Colour shall be placed at all (approx.
150mm)
junctions, at both sides of the valves, bulkheads,
wall penetrations and any other place where
identification is necessary. Valves may be Water
painted with the identification colour except Drinking Green Blue Green
where the pipeline has been coded with the Cooling (Primary) Green White Green
safety colour for firefighting, when the valves
Boiler feed Green Crimson White Crimson Green
should be painted red.
Condensate Green Crimson Em. Green Crimson Green
Chilled Green White Em. Green White Green
Central htg < 100°C Green Blue Crimson Blue Green
Central htg > 100°C Green Crimson Blue Crimson Green
Cold down service Green White Blue White Green
Hot water supply Green White Crimson White Green
Hydraulic power Green Salmon Pink Green
Sea, river, untreated Green
Fire extinguishing Green Safety Red Green
Compressed air Light Blue
Vacuum Light Blue White Light Blue
Steam Silver Grey
Drainage Black
Electrical conduits and
Orange
ducts
Town Gas
Manufactured gas Yellow Ochre Em. Green Yellow Ochre
Natural gas Yellow Ochre Yellow Yellow Ochre
Oils
Diesel fuel Brown White Brown
Furnace fuel Brown
Lubricating Brown Em. Green Brown
Hydraulic power Brown Salmon Pink Brown
Transformer Brown Crimson Brown
Acids and alkalis Violet

238
Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide Standards, codes and miscellaneous data

Spacing of pipes Table 7 Minimum Distance allowable between centre lines of screwed steel and
copper pipes
The accompanying table gives the allowable
Minimum distance between furring (F), (mm)
minimum distances between (a) two pipes, (b) Norn.
Minimum 38 41 48 51 54 64 70 79 95 114 127 152
pipe and wall and (c) pipe and furring for two Pipe
distance from
size Nominal pipe size (mm)
pipes with standard malleable or cast iron wall (K)
screwed fittings. (mm) 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200
(mm)
The table has been developed on the basis of the Distance between pipes (mm)
following analysis: between two pipes of differing 216 200 323 238 241 248 251 257 267 276 289 305 321 J356
diameter there will be two values for the minimum 168 150 187 191 194 200 203 210 219 229 241 260 273
distance which will allow free turning of an elbow 146 125 165 168 171 178 181 187 197 206 219 235
or tee. The value used will depend upon which 124 100 140 143 146 152 156 165 171 181 197
pipe is installed first. 98 90 117 120 124 130 133 140 149 159
In order that there will be no confusion as to 86 65 101 108 111 117 120 127 133
which pipe should be installed first, the condition 73 50 92 95 98 101 108 114
giving the greater distance between pipes will be 60 40 79 83 86 92 95
considered. It is fairly obvious that turning the
54 32 76 79 83 89
fitting on the larger pipe will require the large
48 25 73 76 79
space between pipes for clearance, therefore less
space will be required if the larger pipe is installed 41 20 70 73
first. 38 15 67
It is evident that the minimum distance for the wall
will be that distance which will allow turning of a Maximum spacing of pipe supports
fitting on the pipe. This will be the distance K
Table 8 Hot and cold water pipes and gas pipes
shown in the first column of the table.
The minimum distance from furring (dimension F
in the table) will not be less than 6mm larger than Spacing for Horizontal
Type of Piping Size of pipe (mm) Spacing for Vertical (m)
(m)
the radius of insulated pipe, because furring is
constructed after pipes have been installed. Lead All sizes 0.6* 0.9
It should be noted that, for pipes smaller than 12 1.2 1.8
25mm, the distance for insulation is larger than
15-28 1.8 2.4
that required for turning fittings. Therefore, on Copper
35-42 2.4 3.0
such small pipes, only the allowance for insulation (light gauge) and Stainless
has been considered in the table. steel 54 2.7 3.0
76-133 3.0 3.6
Example 159 3.6 4.2
10-15 1.8 2.4
Find the minimum space required for 32mm and
20-25 2.4 3.0
100mm pipes of the smaller pipe is located near
the wall. 32 2.7 3.0
Steel to BS 1387 and Copper
(heavy gauge) 40-50 3.0 3.6
Solution 65-80 3.6 4.5
100-125 4.0 4.5
The table shows, under 32mm and opposite
100mm pipes, that 152mm is the minimum 150 4.5 5.4
distance between 100mm and 32mm pipes. 50 1.8 1.8
To the left of 32mm in the second column of the Grey or ductile iron 75-100 2.7 2.7
table, find 54mm as the minimum distance from 150 3.6 3.6
the wall of the smaller pipe.
*For pipes conveying hot water and where it is essential to avoid air locks (e.g., primary circulation pipes),
The distance from the furring of the larger pipe is continuous support is recommended.
found (above 100mm) to be 95mm.
The total space is thus: Table 9 Soil and waste pipes * At least one fixing must be provided for each unit length
152 + 54 + 95 = 301mm
Spacing for horizontal
Type of piping Size of pipe (mm) Spacing for vertical (m)
In the same manner it can be shown that the total (m)
space if the pipes were reversed would be 152 +
124 + 51 = 327mm, so it would be advisable to Cast iron* All sizes 2.0 3.0
locate the smaller pipe near the wall or column. Copper as for water pipes
Steel to BS 1387 as for water pipes
0.6
Lead (single tacks) Up to 50 50 and over -
0.9
Lead (double tacks) All sizes - 1.2
32-40 0.5 1.2
50 0.6 1.2
uPVC
75-100 0.9 1.8
150 1.2 1.8
32-40 0.5 1.2
ABS
50 0.7 1.2
32-40 0.5 1.2
Polypropylene
50 0.7 1.2

239
Standards, codes and miscellaneous data Plumbing Engineering Services Design Guide

Relation of services to each other

Table 10 Relation to other services
Pipe or duct conveying Cold water Natural gas Electricity Telecommu Hot water Ventilation Drainage Oil Flammable Compressed
nications and steam and air gases and air liquids
conditioning

Hot water & steam A O A A - F C C L O

Ventilation & air
F L A A F - C C L O
Conditioning
Cold water - 0 A A F F C C C O
Electricity C F - M B B C C L O
Telecommunications C F M - B B C C L O
Natural Gas C - F F C L AC C L G
Drainage D D A A D D - D L D
Oil C J A A B B C - O O

Flammable gases & Liquid C L L L L L L O L

Compressed air O G O A O 0 C 0 L -

It is on occasions necessary to run different services to the same position to operate equipment connected directly to a number of services,
e.g., Motor-driven pumps, thermostatic valves, electrically operated gas valves, etc. The above precautions should be taken in each instance
as far as practicable.

Key to symbols in above table

O. No precautions necessary. G. Not to be run in such a position as would cause any escape of air to
A. Not to be run adjacent to. circulate a gas leakage, or to make the leakage become more
B. Not to be exposed to temperature or leakage from. dangerous.
C. Not to be exposed to leakage from. J. Not to be run where an escape of gas could cause risk of ignition in
D. Not to be exposed to effluent from. presence of oil.
F. Shall not be prevented by spacing, insulation or other means from coming L. Not to be run in same duct.
into contact with. M. Not to be run adjacent to without further precautions.

Miscellaneous data
Table 11 Multiples and sub-multiples of units
x factor Prefix Symbol
1,000,000,000,000 1012 Tera T
1,000,000,000 109 Giga G
1,000,000 106 Mega M
1,000 103 Kilo k
100 102 Hecto h
10 101 Deca da
1 100 Basic unit
0.1 10-1 Deci d
0.01 10-1 Centi c
0.001 10-3 Milli m
0.000 0001 10-6 Micro µ

240