Scribd
Upload
18 views3 pages

Dirac Penning

The document investigates the Kroning-Penney model for periodic Dirac delta potential wells. It defines the potential as the sum of deltas at integer multiples of a distance. It then applies the Schrodinger equation between wells and uses Bloch's theorem and boundary conditions to derive an expression relating the crystal momentum k and quasimomentum q.

Uploaded by

ZukaUgulava
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views3 pages

Dirac Penning

The document investigates the Kroning-Penney model for periodic Dirac delta potential wells. It defines the potential as the sum of deltas at integer multiples of a distance. It then applies the Schrodinger equation between wells and uses Bloch's theorem and boundary conditions to derive an expression relating the crystal momentum k and quasimomentum q.

Uploaded by

ZukaUgulava
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Zurabi Ugulava

Kroning-Penney Model for Dirac delta shaped wells

In this report we investigate Kroning-Penney model for reoccurring Dirac


delta shaped potential wells. First, let’s define the overall potential, which can
describe such a system:

𝑈(𝑥) = 𝑈0 ∑ 𝛿(𝑥 − 𝑛𝑎)


𝑛

One can clearly see, that and every integer multiple of 𝑎 potential function will
have value 𝑈(𝑛𝑎) = 𝑈0 , and 0 otherwise.

Then we can apply the Schrödinger equation:


ℏ2 2
− ∇ 𝜓 + 𝑈𝜓 = 𝐸𝜓
2𝑚
Inside each segment of the well, we have no potential, therefore:
ℏ2 2
− 𝜕 𝜓 = 𝐸𝜓
2𝑚 𝑥
Meaning, we can look for harmonic solutions:

√2𝑚𝐸
𝜓(𝑥) = 𝐴𝑒 𝑖𝑞𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 −𝑖𝑞𝑥 , 𝑞=
ℏ
Now, if we look at two neighboring wells with Bloch theorem in mind one, we
can relate those two in a following manner:
𝜓2 (𝑥) = 𝜓1 (𝑥 − 𝑎) ⋅ 𝑒 𝑖𝑘𝑎

substituting functions:
𝐴1 𝑒 𝑖𝑞𝑥 + 𝐵1 𝑒 −𝑖𝑞𝑥 = (𝐴𝑒 𝑖𝑞(𝑥−𝑎) + 𝐵𝑒 −𝑖𝑞(𝑥−𝑎) ) ⋅ 𝑒 𝑖𝑘𝑎
Since, 𝑒 𝑖𝑞𝑥 and 𝑒 −𝑖𝑞𝑥 are linearly independent:
𝐴1 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑖(𝑘−𝑞)𝑎 and 𝐵1 = 𝐵𝑒 𝑖(𝑘+𝑞)𝑎
So, wavefunction 𝜓2 becomes:
𝜓2 (𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑖𝑘𝑎 (𝐴𝑒 𝑖𝑞(𝑥−𝑎) + 𝐵𝑒 −𝑖𝑞(𝑥−𝑎) )
We can apply the boundary conditions, namely, wavefunction should be
continuous at 𝑥 = 0
𝐴 + 𝐵 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑖(𝑘+𝑞)𝑎 + 𝐵𝑒 𝑖(𝑘−𝑞)𝑎
Second constriction is provided by integrating the Schrödinger equation on
really small gap around 𝑥 = 0:
ℏ2 ∆ 2 ∆ ∆
− ∫ 𝜕 𝜓𝑑𝑥 + 𝑈0 ∫ 𝛿(𝑥)𝜓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝐸 ∫ 𝜓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
2𝑚 −∆ 𝑥 −∆ −∆

Notice that, right hand side of the equation would vanish during the
evaluation:
ℏ2
− [𝜓′2 (0) − 𝜓′1 (0)] + 𝑈0 𝜓(0) = 0
2𝑚
Let’s Calculate the derivatives for each site of the well:
𝜓′1 (0) = (𝑖𝑞𝐴𝑒 𝑖𝑞𝑥 − 𝑖𝑞𝐵𝑒 −𝑖𝑞𝑥 )|𝑥=0 = 𝑖𝑞(𝐴 − 𝐵)

𝜓′2 (0) = 𝑒 𝑖𝑘𝑎 (𝑖𝑞𝐴𝑒 𝑖𝑞(𝑥−𝑎) − 𝑖𝑞𝐵𝑒 −𝑖𝑞(𝑥−𝑎) )|𝑥=0 = 𝑖𝑞𝑒 𝑖𝑘𝑎 (𝐴𝑒 −𝑖𝑞𝑎 − 𝐵𝑒 𝑖𝑞𝑎 )
We can get back to the integrand equation:
ℏ2
− 𝑖𝑞[𝑒 𝑖𝑘𝑎 (𝐴𝑒 −𝑖𝑞𝑎 − 𝐵𝑒 𝑖𝑞𝑎 ) − (𝐴 − 𝐵)] + 𝑈0 (𝐴 + 𝐵) = 0
2𝑚
Solving both of those equations give us a non-trivial solution:
𝑚𝑈0 𝑎 sin(𝑞𝑎)
cos(𝑘𝑎) = cos(𝑞𝑎) +
ℏ2 𝑞𝑎
If the potential power is really low 𝑈0 ≪ 1, then we can completely ignore the
second term on the right hand side:
cos(𝑘𝑎) = cos(𝑞𝑎)
Alternatively:
𝑞𝑎 = arccos(cos(𝑘𝑎))
And Energy would be :
ℏ2
𝐸= 2
arccos 2 (cos(𝑘𝑎))
2𝑚𝑎

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy