Scribd
Upload
9 views

Week4 Chapter4

The document discusses different types of operators in programming languages including arithmetic, relational, logical, and assignment operators. It provides examples and explanations of common operators like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, less than, greater than, equal to, not equal to, and, or, not, and assignment operators.

Uploaded by

Fatyn Razs II
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views

Week4 Chapter4

The document discusses different types of operators in programming languages including arithmetic, relational, logical, and assignment operators. It provides examples and explanations of common operators like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, less than, greater than, equal to, not equal to, and, or, not, and assignment operators.

Uploaded by

Fatyn Razs II
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

 Statements, Operators & Operands

 Arithmetic Operators
 Relational Operators
 Logical Operators
 Assignment Operators

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as


Pearson Addison-Wesley
Statement
 Statements are elements in a program which
(usually) performing with suitable object
 e.g. below is a statement of calling input value

length = float(input(“Insert Length: “))


An expression statement is a statement that results a value

SOME EXAMPLES OF EXPRESSION VALUE

• Literal expression The literal itself


e.g. 2, “A+”, ‘B’

• Variable expression The content of the variable


e.g. Variable1

• Arithmetic/Mathematic The result of the operation


expression
e.g. 2 + 3 -1
Operators & Operands
 Operands is something that make the operator be act
 Operators can be classified according to
 the type of their operands and of their output
 Arithmetic

 Relational

 Logical

 Assignment

 the number of their operands


 Unary (one operand)

 Binary (two operands)

 Ternary (unique to the C language)

 A combination of operands and operators called as


Operations!
Arithmetic operators
 They operate on numbers and the result is a
number.
 The type of the result depends on the types of the
operands.
 If the types of the operands differ (e.g. an integer
added to a floating point number), one is
"promoted" to other.

 The "smaller" type is promoted to the "larger" one.

int  float

10 + 11.8 = 21.8
Arithmetic operators: +, *
 + is the addition operator
 * is the multiplication operator
 They are both binary

Arithmetic operator: 
 This operator has two meanings:
 subtraction operator (binary) e.g. 31 - 2

 negation operator (unary) e.g. -10


Arithmetic operator: /
 Division operator
 CAREFUL! The result of integer division is an integer:
e.g. 5 / 2 is 2, not 2.5

Arithmetic operator: %
 The modulus (remainder) operator.
 It computes the remainder after the first operand is divided by
the second
e.g. 5 % 2 is 1, 6 % 2 is 0
Relational operators
 These perform comparisons and the result is what is
called a boolean: a value TRUE or FALSE
 FALSE is represented by 0; anything else is TRUE
 The relational operators are:
 < (less than)
 <= (less than or equal to)
 > (greater than)
 >= (greater than or equal to)
 == (equal to)
 != (not equal to)
Logical operators
(also called Boolean operators)

 These have Boolean operands and the result is also a


Boolean.
 The basic Boolean operators are:
 and (logical AND)
 or (logical OR)
 not (logical NOT) -- unary
Assignment operator(=)
 Binary operator used to assign a value to a variable.
Combined Assignment Operators
Special assignment operators
 write a += b; instead of a = a + b;
 write a -= b; instead of a = a - b;
 write a *= b; instead of a = a * b;
 write a /= b; instead of a = a / b;
 write a %= b; instead of a = a % b;
Precedence & associativity
 How would you evaluate the expression
17 - 8 * 2 ?

Is it 17 - (8 * 2)
or (17 - 8) * 2 ?

 These two forms give different results.


 We need rules!
Precedence & associativity
 When two operators compete for the same operand
(e.g. in 17 - 8 * 2 the operators - and * compete for
8) the rules of precedence specify which operator
wins.
 The operator with the higher precedence wins

 If both competing operators have the same


precedence, then the rules of associativity
determine the winner.
Precedence & associativity
not Unary higher precedence
–
* / %

+ – Associativity: execute left-to-


< <= >= > right (except for = and unary – )

== !=
and
lower precedence
or
=
Example: Left
associativity

3*8/4%4*5
Example: Right associativity

a += b *= c-=5
Precedence & associativity
 Examples:

X =17 - 2 * 8 Ans: X=17-(2*8) , X=1

Y = 17 - 2 - 8 Ans: Y = (17-2)-8, Y=7

Z = 10 + 9 * ((8 + 7) % 6) + 5 * 4 % 3 *2 + 1 ?

Not sure? Confused? then use parentheses in your code!


Algebraic Expressions
 Multiplication requires an operator:
Area=lw is written as Area = l * w;

 There is no exponentiation operator:


Area=s2 is written as Area = s*s

 Parentheses may be needed to maintain order of


operations:
y 2  y1
m is written as
x 2  x1 m = (y2-y1) /(x2-x1);
Algebraic Expressions (cont…)

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy