SOLUTION XII (2024-25)

• Q.1 to Q.11 are Multiple Choice Questions

• Q.12 to Q.16 are Assertion and Reasoning type questions
• Q.17 to Q.20 are CCT based questions
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Q1. Acetone and carbon disulphide form binary liquid solution showing positive
deviation from Raoult’s law. The normal boiling point (Tb) of pure acetone is less
than that of pure CS2. Pick out the incorrect statement among the following-
(a) Boiling temperature of the mixture is always less than the boiling temperature of
acetone
(b) Boiling temperature of Azeotropic mixture is always less than the boiling
temperature of acetone
(c) When a small amount of CS2 (less volatile component) is added to an
excess of acetone boiling point of the resulting mixture increases
(d) A mixture of CS2 and CH3COCH3 can be completely separated by simple
fractional distillation

Q2. An antifreeze solution is prepared from 222.6 g of ethylene glycol C2H4(OH)2

and 200 g of water. Calculate the molality of the solution. If the density of this
solution be 1.072 gmL-1, what will be the molarity of the solution?
(a) 7.20 M (b) 12.03 M (c) 9.11 M (d) 6 M

Q3. When mercuric iodide is added to the aqueous solution of potassium iodide, the:
(a) Freezing point is raised (b) Freezing point does not change
(c) Freezing point is lowered (d) Boiling point does not change

Q4. The molal elevation constant depends upon

(a) nature of solute.
(b) nature of the solvent.
(c) vapour pressure of the solution.
(d) enthalpy change.

Q5. The osmotic pressure of a solution is directly proportional to

(a) the molecular concentration of the solute
(b) the absolute temperature at a given concentration
(c) the lowering of vapour pressure (d) all the above.

Q6. Which of the following aqueous solutions containing 10 g of solute in each case,
has highest m.p.?
(a) NaCl solution (b) KC1 solution (c) sugar solution (d) glucose solution
Q7. Equimolar solutions in the same solvent have-
(a) Same boiling point but different freezing point
(b) Same freezing point, but different boiling point
(c) Same boiling and same freezing point
SOLUTION XII (2024-25)
(d) Different boiling and different freezing points

Q8. The average osmotic pressure of human bloood is 7.8 bar at 37°C. What is the
concentration of an aqueous solution of NaCl that could be used in blood stream?
(a) 0.15 mol L-1 (b) 0.30 mol L-1 (c) 0.60 mol L-1 (d) 0.45 mol L-1

Q9. Consider the figure and mark the correct option.

(a) water will move from side (A) to side (B) if a pressure lower than osmotic
pressure is applied on piston (B).
(b) water will move from side (B) to side (A) if a pressure greater than osmotic ,
pressure is applied on piston (B).
(c) water will move from side (B) to side (A) if a pressure equal to osmotic
pressure is applied on piston (B).
(d) water will move from side (A) to side (B) if pressure equal to osmotic
pressure is applied on piston (A).

Q10.Which of the following is incorrect for an ideal solution?

(a) ∆Hmix =0 (b) ∆Vmix = 0 (c) ∆P = Pobs – Pcalculated = 0 (d) ∆Gmix = 0

Q11.Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and tissues of people living at high
altitude is due to-
(a) low temperature (b) low atmospheric pressure
(c) high atmospheric pressure (d) both low temperature and high atmospheric pressure

ASSERTION- REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

DIRECTION: Mark the option which is most suitable:

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion .
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and reason is not correct explanation
of Assertion
C. If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
D. If Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct.

Q12: Assertion: An aqueous solution of NaCl freezes below 273 K.

Reason: Vapour pressure of the solution is less than that of the
pure solvent.
SOLUTION XII (2024-25)

Q13: Assertion: Isotonic solutions do not show any osmosis when placed
side by side. Reason: Isotonic solutions have same solute concentration.

Q14: Assertion: Molarity of the solution changes with

temperature. Reason: Molarity is a colligative property.

Q15: Assertion: Cooking time is reduced in pressure cooker.

Reason: Boiling point of water inside the pressure cooker is lowered.

Q16: Assertion: 1 M glucose will have a higher boiling point than 2 M glucose
Reason: Elevation in boiling point is a colligative property which depends upon the
number of particles of solute in the solution

COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS

Q17. The properties of the solutions which depend only on the number of solute
particles but not on the nature of the solute are called colligative properties. Relative
lowering in vapour pressure is also an example of colligative properties. For an
experiment, sugar solution is prepared for which lowering in vapour pressure was
found to be 0.061 mm of Hg.(vapour pressure of water at 20ºC is 17.5 mm of Hg).

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate options:

(i) Relative lowering of vapour pressure for the given solution is-
(a) 0.00348 (b) 0.061 (c) 0.122 (d) 1.75

(ii) The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of Solution will be

(a) 17.5 (b) 0.61 (c) 17.439 (d) 0.00348

(iii) Mole fraction of sugar in the solution is

(a) 0.00348 (b) 0.9965 (c) 0.061 (d) 1.75

(iv) If weight of sugar taken is 5 g in 108 g of water then molar mass of sugar will be
(a) 358 (b) 120 (c) 240 (d) 400

(v) The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of water at 293 K when 25 g of

glucose is dissolved in 450 g of water is
(a) 17.2 (b) 17.4 (c) 17.120 (d) 17.02

Q18. The solubility of gases increases with increase of pressure. William Henry
made a systematic investigation of the solubility of a gas in a liquid. According to
Henry’s law “the mass of a gas dissolved per unit volume of the solvent at constant
temperature is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the
solution”. Dalton during the same period also concluded independently that the
SOLUTION XII (2024-25)
solubility of a gas in a liquid solution depends upon the partial pressure of the gas. If
we use the mole fraction of gas in the solution as a measure of its solubility, then
Henry’s law can be modified as “the partial pressure of the gas in the vapour phase is
directly proportional to the mole fraction of the gas in the solution”.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate options:

(i) Henry’s law constant for the solubility of methane in benzene at 298 K is 4.27 ×
105 mm Hg. The solubility of methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mm Hg is
(a) 4.27 × 10–5 (b) 1.78 × 10–3 (c) 4.27 × 10–3
(d) 1.78 × 10–3

(ii) The partial pressure of ethane over a saturated solution containing 6.56 × 10–2
g of ethane is 1 bar. If the solution contains 5.00 × 10–2 g of ethane then what will be
the partial pressure (in bar) of the gas?
(a) 0.762 (b) 1.312 (c) 3.81 (d) 5.0

(iii) KH (K bar) values for Ar(g), CO2(g), HCHO(g) and CH4(g) are 40.39, 1.67,
1.83 × 10–5 and 0.413 respectively. Arrange these gases in the order of their
increasing solubility.
(a) HCHO < CH4 < CO2 < Ar (b) HCHO < CO2 < CH4 < Ar
(c) Ar < CO2 < CH4 < HCHO (d) Ar < CH4 <
CO2 < HCHO

(iv) When a gas is bubbled through water at 298 K, a very dilute solution of the gas
is obtained. Henry’s law constant for the gas at 298 K is 150 K bar. If the gas exerts a
partial pressure of 2 bar, the number of millimoles of the gas dissolved in 1 L of
water is
(a) 0.55 (b) 0.87 (c) 0.37
(d) 0.66

Q19. The properties of dilute or ideal solutions which depend only upon the
concentration of the solute in the solution and no other characteristics are known as
colligative properties. There are in all four such properties i.e. relative lowering in
vapour pressure, osmotic pressure, elevation in boiling point temperature and
depression in freezing point temperature. All of them help in calculating the observed
molar mass of the solute which is inversely proportional to the colligative property
involved. Out of these, osmotic pressure may be regarded as the best for the
determination of molecular mass of the solute. According to Van’t Hoff theory of
dilute solution, π = CRT, where ‘π’ is the osmotic pressure while ‘C’ is the molar
concentration of the solution.

(i) When liquids A and B are mixed, hydrogen bonding occurs. The solutions
will show:
a) Positive deviation from Raoult’s law b) Negative deviation from Raoult’s law
c) No deviation from Raoult’s law d) Slightly increase in volume
SOLUTION XII (2024-25)
(ii) The azeotropic mixture of water and HCl boils at 108.50C when the mixture
is distilled. It is possible to obtain:
a) Pure HCl b) Pure water
c) Pure water as well as pure HCl d) Neither HCl nor water in their
pure states.

(iii) On freezing an aqueous solution of sugar, the solid which starts separating out is:
a. Sugar b. Ice
c. Solution with the same composition d. Solution with different composition

(iv) The value of osmotic pressure does not depend upon:

a) Concentration of the solution b) Temperature of the solution
c) Number of the particles of the solute present d) Structure of the solute
particles

(v) Effect of adding a non-volatile solute to a solvent is :

a) to lower the vapour pressure b) to increase the freezing point
c) to decrease the boiling point d) to decrease the
osmotic pressure

Q20. Boiling point or freezing point of liquid solution would be affected by the
dissolved solids in the liquid phase. A soluble solid in solution has the effect of
raising its boiling point and depressing its freezing point. The addition of non-
volatile substances to a solvent decreases the vapor pressure and the added solute
particles affect the formation of pure solvent crystals. According to many researches
the decrease in freezing point directly correlated to the concentration of solutes
dissolved in the solvent. This phenomenon is expressed as freezing point depression
and it is useful for several applications such as freeze concentration of liquid food
and to find the molar mass of an unknown solute in the solution. Freeze
concentration is a high quality liquid food concentration method where water is
removed by forming ice crystals. This is done by cooling the liquid food below the
freezing point of the solution. The freezing point depression is referred as a
colligative property and it is proportional to the molar concentration of the solution
(m), along with vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, and osmotic
pressure. These are physical characteristics of solutions that depend only on the
identity of the solvent and the concentration of the solute. The characters are not
depending on the solute’s identity. (Source: Jayawardena, J. A. E. C., Vanniarachchi,
M. P. G., & Wansapala, M. A. J. (2017). Freezing point depression of different
Sucrose solutions and coconut water.)

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate options:

(i) When a non volatile solid is added to pure water it will- (a) boil above 100ºC
and freeze above 0ºC.
(b) b) boil below 100ºC and freeze above 0ºC.
(c) boil above 100ºC and freeze below 0ºC.
(d) boil below 100ºC and freeze below 0ºC.
SOLUTION XII (2024-25)
(ii) Colligative properties are
(a) dependent only on the concentration of the solute and independent of the
solvent’s and solute’s identity.
(b) dependent only on the identity of the solute and the concentration of the
solute and independent of the solvent’s identity.
(c) dependent on the identity of the solvent and solute and thus on the
concentration of the solute.
(d) dependent only on the identity of the solvent and the concentration of the
solute and independent of the solute’s identity.

(iii) Assume three samples of juices A, B and C have glucose as the only sugar
present in them. The concentration of sample A, B and C are 0.1 M, 0.5 M and
0.2 M respectively. Freezing point will be highest for the fruit juice
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) all have same
freezing point

(iv) Identify which of the following is a colligative property?

(a) Freezing point (b) Boiling point (c) Osmotic pressure (d)
All of the above

ANSWERS KEY
[1-d; 2-c; 3-a; 4-b; 5-d; 6-c; 7-c; 8-a; 9-b; 10-d; 11-b]

12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (c) 15. (c) 16. (d)

17 i(a) Vapour pressure of water (PoA) = 17.5 mm of Hg

Lowering of vapour pressure (PoA – PA) = 0.061 mm of Hg
Relative lowering of vapour pressure = (PoA – PA)
PoA
= 0.00348

ii (c) 17.439
Vapour pressure of solvent – lowering in vapour pressure
= 17.5 – 0.061 = 17.439 mm of Hg

iii (a) 0.00348

XB = (PoA – PA)
PoA
XB = 0.00348

iv (c) ) 240
MB = (PoA – PA)
PoA
MB = 5g , MA = 18g, wA = 108g
SOLUTION XII (2024-25)
MB = 5 × 18/108 × 0.00348
MB = 240

v (b) (PoA – PA) = XB = WB x MA

PoA WA x MB
PA = 17.40 mm of Hg

18. i(b) 1.78 × 10–3

KH = 4.27 × 105 mm Hg, p = 760 mm Hg
According to Henry’s law, p = KH × XCH4
XCH4 = p /KH = 760/ 4.27 x 105 = 1.78 × 10–3

ii (a) According to Henry’s law, m = KH x p

6.56 × 10–2 = KH × 1
KH = 6.56 × 10–2
For another case, 5 × 10–2 = 6.56 × 10–2 × p
 p = 5 x 10 -2 /6.56 x 10-2 = 0.762 bar
iii (c)
Higher the value of KH at a given pressure, the lower is the solubility of the gas

iv (c) The mol fraction of the gas in solution

Xg = p/KH = 1/150 x 10-3
If n is the number of moles of gas in a solution 1L of water
containing 55.5 mol then Xg = n /n+ 55.5 or n/55.5 = 1/150 x
10-3 (as n is very small, n+55.5= 55.5) n= 55.5/150 x 10-3
n= 0.37 millimoles

19. i(b) ii (d) iii (b) iv (d) v (a)

20. i(c) ii (d) iii (a) iv (c)