ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS SET – 1

CHAPTER – 6
LIFE PROCESSES
1. Define nutrition? What are the different modes of nutrition?

2. What is the mode of nutrition in fungi?

3. Name the pigment, which can absorb solar energy.

4. Name the two stages in photosynthesis.

5. Name the factors, which affect photosynthesis.

6. Define a herbivore and a carnivore.

7. What is compensation point?

8. Other than chlorophyll, which other pigment is necessary for photosynthesis?

9. Where does digestion begin?

10. What is the name given to the process of using the absorbed food for producing energy?

11. What happens to visible light of the Sun when it falls on chlorophyll?

12. Name the product and by product of photosynthesis.

13. In which biochemical form the photosynthetic moves in phloem tissue?

14. What are the raw materials of photosynthesis?

15. What is the similarity between chlorophyll and hemoglobin?

16. Name the products of photolysis of water.

17. What are the end products of light dependant reaction?

18. Which cell organelle is the site of photosynthesis?

19. What is the difference between digestion of heterotrophs and saprotrophs?

20. Give example of two plants and two animal parasites.

21. Name the enzyme present in saliva, what is its role in digestion?

22. Which chemical is used to test for starch? Which colour shows the presence of starch?

23. How does amoeba engulf its food?

24. Name the parts of the digestive system of a grasshopper.

25. What are the functions of the liver and the pancreas?

26. Define breathing.

27. How is respiration different from breathing?

28. In which kind of respiration is more energy released?

29. Which part of the roots is involved in exchange of respiratory gases?

30. What are (i) stomata and (ii) lenticels?

31. Give two points of differences between respiration in plants and respiration in animals.

32. Name the respiratory organs of

(i) fish
(ii) mosquito
(iii) earthworm
(iv) dog

33. From where do the following take in oxygen? (i) prawn (ii) rat.

34. State the function of epiglottis.

35. Define photolysis.

36. What are the living organisms that cannot make their own food called?

37. What are chemotrophs?

38. Give the term- rhythmic contraction of alimentary canal muscle to propel food.

39. Name the three secretions of gastric glands.

40. What is the function of mucus in gastric gland?

41. Name the sphincter which regulates the exit of food from the stomach.

42. Give the functions of hydrochloric acid for the body.

43. What is the role of pepsin in stomach?

44. Why pancreas is called mixed gland?

45. Give two functions of bile juice, from which organ it is released?

46. Name the largest gland of our body.

47. Name any three important enzymes of pancreas and the food component on which they
act.\

48. Where from intestinal juice come to the small intestine?

49. What is the function of intestinal juice?

50. What are the simplest digestive product of carbohydrate, fats and protein?

51. Name the finger like projections of small intestine and what is the necessity of such type of
projections in digestive system?

52. Why are intestinal villis highly vascular?

53. What is the function of anal sphincter?

54. Name the site of anaerobic and aerobic respiration in a cell.

55. A three carbon compound is the common product of both aerobic and anaerobic pathway.
What is that?

56. Why do we get muscle cramp after vigorous exercise?

57. Distinguish between lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation?

58. Name the energy currency molecule of cell?

59. The breathing rate of aquatic animals is high, why?

60. What is the function of mucus and fine hair in nostrils?

61. Give the function of network of capillaries on alveoli.

62. Name the main carrier of oxygen and carbon dioxide in man.

63. Why does haemoglobin molecule act as efficient carrier of oxygen than diffusion process?

64. Give example of any three substances transported by plasma.

65. Name the organ that- (a) pushes blood around body (b) make blood to reach to tissues.

66. Name the blood vessel that carries blood from heart to lungs and from lungs to heart.

67. How many heart chambers are there in (a) fish (b) frog (c) lizard (d) crocodile (e) birds (f)
man?

68. Name the device that measures blood pressure.

69. What is the normal blood pressure of man?

70. Why capillaries are thin walled?

71. Which cell of blood help in wound healing?

72. What is the other name of lymph?

73. Give two function of lymph.

74. What is the direction of flow of water in xylem and food in phloem?

75. Why do plants need less energy than animals?

76. Which process acts as suction to pull water from xylem cells of roots.

77. Mention two functions of transpiration.

78. What are the two substances transported through phloem tissue?

79. Name the food component whose digestion produce nitrogenous waste?

80. Which is the functional unit of kidney?

81. What is the cup shaped structure of nephron called?

82. Which materials are selectively reabsorbed by nephron tubule?

83. What are the two important functions of kidney.

84. What is the other name of artificial kidney?

85. A key molecule NOT found in a chloroplast is...

i. Chlorophyll
ii. Carbon dioxide
iii. Water
iv. Steroids

86. Photosynthesis is a good example of...

i. Catabolism
ii. Anabolism

87. Chloroplasts are found in heterotrophic cells.

i. True
ii. False

88. Which of these choices is NOT in the structure of a chloroplast?

i. Granum
ii. Stroma
iii. Cristae
iv. Thylakoid

89. Only plants can conduct photosynthesis with chloroplasts.

i. True
ii. False

90. Chloroplasts convert solar energy into physical energy.

i. True
ii. False
91. What are nutrients?

92. Name the life process that provides energy.

93. Which process provides all living things with raw materials for energy and growth?

94. Name the essential pigment that absorbs light.

95. Can you name the gaseous raw material of photosynthesis?

96. If grana of a chloroplast are removed then, which of the reaction of will not be carried out?

97. Name the gas that is produced as a by-product during photosynthesis.

98. Tick the correct statement.

i. Arteries carry blood away from the heart while veins carry blood towards heart.
ii. Veins carry blood away from the heart while arteries carry blood towards heart.
iii. Both of them carry blood in the same direction.
iv. Either of them can carry blood away from the blood.

99. Artificial removal of nitrogenous wastes from the human body in the event of kidney
failure is
i. Plasmolysis
ii. Dialysis
iii. Diffusion
iv. Osmosis

100. The function of salivary amylase is to convert

i. Fats into fatty acids.
ii. Proteins into amino acids.
iii. Starch into sugar.
iv. Sugar into starch
 ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS SET – 2
CHAPTER – 6
LIFE PROCESSES

1. Name the pore through which gaseous exchange takes place in older stems.

2. Why the blood is red ?

3. What is the functional unit of kidney?

4. Define translocation.

5. Name the vessel that brings oxygenated blood from lungs to heart.

6. Why the colour of lymph is yellow?

7. Name the reagent which is used to test the presence of starch.

8. Why walls of articles are thinner than ventricles?

9. The mode of nutrition in which digestive enzymes are secreted out side the body.

10. What is ATP?

11. The diagram below represents urinary system in the human body. Identify the structure
through which urine leaves the urinary bladder.

12. Which activity is illustrated in the diagram of an Amoeba shown below?

13. Why is the rate of breathing in terrestrial animals slower than aquatic animals?
14. A student covered a leaf from a destarched plant with a black paper strip and kept it in the
garden outside his house in fresh air. In the evening, he tested the covered portion of the
leaf for presence of starch. What the student was trying to show? Comment.

15. The parts shown as A and B in the given diagram are

The parts shown as A and B in the given diagram are

A) A is epidermal cell, B is stomatal pore
B) A is guard cell, B is stomatal pore
C) A is epidermal cell, B is guard cell
D) A is guard cells, B is epidermal cell

16. The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for
(a) nutrition.
(b) respiration.
(c) excretion.
(d) transportation.

17. The xylem in plants are responsible for

(a) transport of water.
(b) transport of food.
(c) transport of amino acids.
(d) transport of oxygen.

18. The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires

(a) carbon dioxide and water.
(b) chlorophyll.
(c) sunlight.
(d) all of the above.

19. The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in
(a) cytoplasm.
(b) mitochondria.
(c) chloroplast.
(d) nucleus.
20. Movement of food through oesophagus is due to
(a) Lubrication by saliva
(b) Peristalsis
(c) Gravitational Pull
(d) All of the above
21. Where is bile produced?
(a) Gall bladder (b) Blood
(c) Liver (d) Spleen
22. In normal expiration, the diaphragm is
(a) Arched
(b) Flattened
(c) Perforated
(d) None of these

23. The correct pathway of blood in circulatory system is

(a) atria → ventricles → arteries → veins
(b) ventricles → atria → veins → arteries
(c) ventricles → veins → arteries → atria
(d) veins → ventricles → atria → arteries

24. Respiration is a process in which

(a) Energy is stored in the form of ADP
(b) Energy is released and stored in the form of ATP
(c) Energy is used up
(d) Energy is not released at all.

25. In Photosynthetic process, atmospheric carbon di oxide is _______ to carbohydrates

a) oxidised
b) Reduced
c) Neutralised
d) Burnt

26. When water enters the guard cells the stomata

a) Opens
b) Closes
c) Open or closes
d) No effect

27. Wastes concentrated in the tubules of Bowman’s capsule are called ____.
(a) salts.
(b) juices
(c) urine
(d) amino acids
28. On seeing good food our mouth waters. This fluid is actually
a) Water
b) Hormone
c) Enzyme
d) None of the above

29. The enzyme Pepsin is inactive in stomach without the presence of

a) Nitric Acid
b) Hydrochloric acid
c) Acetic acid
d) Butyric acid
30. Villi present on the inner lining of the intestinal wall
a) Secretes enzymes for digestion
b) Secretes hormones
c) Decreases the surface area for absorption
d) Increases the surface area for absorption
31. During cellular respiration one molecule of glucose is first broken down into two
molecules of ________
a) Acetic acid
b) Pyruvic acid
c) Lactic acid
d) None of the above

32. Rajib was absent in the class because of muscle pain which he claims to be due to excess
physical exercise he had done yesterday. This pain is due to
a) Formation of lactic acid
b) Formation of acetic acid
c) Formation of Pyruvic acid
d) Formation of Hydrochloric acid

33. Right part of the human heart contains

a) Oxygenated blood
b) Mixed blood
c) Deoxygenated blood
d) No blood

34. The transport of soluble products of photosynthesis is called translocation and it occurs in
the part of the vascular tissue called
a) Xylem
b) Sclerenchyma
c) Phloem
d) Collenchyma

35. In human each kidney has large numbers of filtration units called ___
a) Neutrons
b) Neurons
c) Neptune
d) Nephrons

36. Haemoglobin is a type of

(a) Carbohydrate
(b) Skin Pigment
(c) Vitamin
(d) Respiratory Pigment

37. If kidney fails to reabsorb water, the tissues would

(a) remain unaffected
(b) shrink to shrivel
(c) absorb water from blood
(d) take more oxygen from blood

38. Name an organ which is part of two body systems.

39. Why do raw bread taste sweeter on mastication?

40. How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place?

41. What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?

42. Why will simple diffusion not meet the requirement of human beings?

43. What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive?

44. After long running, you may experience cramps in your leg muscles. Whats the reason
behind this?

45. What processes would you consider essential for maintaining life?

46. How do villi enhance absorption of food in the intestine?

47. Why bile juice is considered important even though it does not contain any digestive
enzymes?

48. Which organs secrete the following enzymes:

(i) Trypsin
(ii) Pepsin

49. Name the factors that affect photosynthesis.

50. Name the vestigeal part of human alimentary canal?

51. What is the name given to rhythmic wave like manner occurring in alimentary canal?

52. The bark of woody plants is dead but the inner layers inside the bark are living. How do
they get oxygen and release carbon dioxide?

53. What are lenticels?

54. How does photosynthesis occur?

55. Name the mode of nutrition in an organism that uses simple substances like CO2 and
water to prepare food inside its body?

56. What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?

57. Read following statements from A to E and identify the relevant life process from the
following word list.
growth, transport, synthesis, regulation, nutrition
A. A butterfly sucking the nectar from the flowers in a garden.
B. A boy shouts with excitement when his school team wins the match on the last ball.
C. After finishing lunch, Mohan's blood distributes the food molecules to different cells
of his body.
D. Green plants prepares starch (complex substance) from simpler chemicals.
E. Radha finds her height has increased by 4 cm since her last birthday.

58. What is osmoregulation?

59. What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidized to provide energy in various
organisms?

60. Which organ of the plant body helps in osmo-regulation?

61. Which organelle of the cell in animals helps in osmo-regulation?

62. How does transpiration pull help in ascent of sap?

63. In what form excretion takes place in plants?

64. What are the components of the transport system in highly organised plants?

65. What is meant by double circulation? Mention its advantages.

66. Who has longer small intestine tiger or cow?

67. Leaves of a healthy potted plant are coated with Vaseline to block the stomata. Will this
plant remain healthy for long? State three reasons to support your answer.

68. Outline inhalation-exhalation cycle.

69. What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the
functions of these components?

70. Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and
birds?

71. Why is there extra air in our lungs after exhaling?

72. Which cell are the site of exchange of gases?

73. How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximize the area for exchange of gases?

74. Why blood is necessary for oxygen delivery to all parts of the body in larger animals?

75. Define homeostasis.

76. Name the organ systems that help us maintain homeostasis.

77. What in kidneys is analogous to alveloli in lungs?

78. State the role and function of lymph in human transport system.

79. What is the basic reason of urine production?

80. State the role of kidneys in human transport system.

81. Who discovered systemic blood circulation system in human body?

82. What is pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation?

83. Which fluid is also know as tissue fluid?

84. What is sphygmomanometer?

85. What is the function of ureter?

86. Assertion and Reason Type
Assertion: Bile is essential for fat digestion
Reason: Fats cannot be digested without emulsification
Use the following Key to choose the appropriate answer.
(a) Both Assertion & Reason are True & Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion & Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are False

87. Chyme is ____.

(a) Digestive enzyme secreted by stomach.
(b) Hormone secreted by islets of Pancreas
(c) food which enters into intestine from stomach.
(d) Part of bile juice which stores in gall bladder.

88. What is the nature of Chyme? Acidic or Basic or Neutral?

89. During daytime transpiration and photosynthesis are interlinked. What do you mean by
this statement?

90. 'Sweating in animals' is equivalent to what in plants?

91. What factor contribute to rate of transpiration?

92. How does transpiration help plants?

93. Name the mineral required for healthy growth of teeth.

94. Name the chemical used to detect presence of starch.

95. What is the function of mucus secreted in stomach during digestion?

96. What is the optimum temperature for photosynthesis?

97. Differentiate between Blood and Lymph

98. How does diaphragm help in inhalation?

99. Which activity is basic to living?

100. Give one term-science that deals with life processes.

101. What is the similarity between chlorophyll and haemoglobin?

102. Define Chemosynthesis.

103. What is photolysis of water? What are its products?

104. What are the important enzymes of pancreatic juice and their function?

105. Give reasons of dental caries in people.

106. With schematic diagram explain double circulation in man.

107. Explain mechanism of urine formation.

108. Why is diffusion insufficient to meet oxygen requirement of multicellular organisms like
us?

109. Explain the role of HCl in our stomach.

110. What is the advantage of terrestrial organisms over aquatic organisms for obtaining
oxygen for respiration?

111. How are lungs designed to maximize area for gaseous exchange?

112. Describe fat digestion in human body and the organ where it occurs.

113. How are water and minerals transported in plants?

114. How are food and other substances transported in plants?

115. Give labeled Diagrams for the following.

a.Digestive system of man.
b.Respiratory system of man.
c.Structure of Nephron.
d.Structure of Stomata.
e.Structure of Heart.
f.Parts of Brain.
g.Reflex action and reflex arc.

116. Due to availability of less water, how does the plant cope up with lack of water in desert
conditions?

117. After a vigorous exercise, you may experience cramps in your leg muscles. Why does
this happen?

118. What will happen if carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin?

119. Food moves down the gut by peristalsis. Which region of brain controls peristalsis?

120. Name the pigment present in plants, which can absorb solar energy.

121. Name the respiratory organs of (i) fish (ii) mosquito (iii) earthworm.

122. Which of the four chambers of the human heart has the thickest muscular walls?

123. What will be the outcome if a farmer floods his field everyday?

124. Which part of visible spectrum is absorbed by chlorophyll pigments?

125. How does respiration in plants differ from that in animals?

126. Name the cartilaginous flap which closes the glottis to check the entry of food into it
during swallowing.

127. Which equipment is used to facilitate breathing during serious breathing problems?

128. Chloroplast are called energy convertors. Explain.

129. Why is the rate if breathing much faster in aquatic organisms than those of terrestrial
organisms?

130. Why are glomeruli considered as dialysis bags?

131. Autotrophs synthesise food for the living world. Justify this statement in one sentence
only interconnecting autotrophs and heterotrophs.

132. Veins and arteries carry blood. Which of these carry blood?
a) Away from the heart?
b) Back to the heart?

133. Which of the organs perform the following functions in humans?

1. Absorption of food.
2. Absorption of water

134. Name the areas in a woody stem through which respiratory exchange of gases take
place.

135. Tooth enamel is one of the hardest substances in our body. How does it undergo damage
due to eating chocolates and sweets?

136. A certain tissue in a green plant somehow get blocked and the leaves wilted. What was
the tissue that got blocked?

137. Write one feature which is common to each of the following pairs of the
term/organs.
i) glycogen and starch
ii) chlorophyll and haemoglobin
iii) gills and lungs
iv) arteries and veins.

138. Why doesn’t the lungs collapse even after forceful expiration?

139. The two openings of the pharynx, one leading to trachea and the other leading to
oesophagus, lie very close to each other. Yet food we swallow normally does not enter
into our trachea. Why?

140. How would it affect the digestion of proteins and carbohydrates if the duodenum of man
if there is a blockade in the pancreatic duct?
 ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS SET – 3
CHAPTER – 6
LIFE PROCESSES
1. Which of the following statements about the autotrophs is incorrect?
(a) They synthesise carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of
sunlight and chlorophyll
(b) They store carbohydrates in the form of starch
(c) They convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in
the absence of sunlight
(d) They constitute the first trophic level in food chains

2. In which of the following groups of organisms, food material is broken down outside the
body and absorbed?
(a) Mushroom, green plants, Amoeba
(b) Yeast, mushroom, bread mould
(c) Paramecium, Amoeba, Cuscuta
(d) Cuscuta, lice, tapeworm

3. Select the correct statement

(a) Heterotrophs do not synthesise their own food
(b) Heterotrophs utilise solar energy for photosynthesis
(c) Heterotrophs synthesise their own food
(d) Heterotrophs are capable of converting carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates

4. Which is the correct sequence of parts in human alimentary canal?

(a) Mouth →stomach →small intestine →oesophagus →large intestine
(b) Mouth →oesophagus →stomach →large intestine →small intestine
(c) Mouth →stomach →oesophagus →small intestine →large intestine
(d) Mouth →oesophagus →stomach →small intestine →large intestine

5. If salivary amylase is lacking in the saliva, which of the following events in the mouth
cavity will be affected?
(a) Proteins breaking down into amino acids
(b) Starch breaking down into sugars
(c) Fats breaking down into fatty acids and glycerol
(d) Absorption of vitamins

6. The inner lining of stomach is protected by one of the following from hydrochloric acid.
Choose the correct one
(a) Pepsin
(b) Mucus
(c) Salivary amylase
(d) Bile

7. Which part of alimentary canal receives bile from the liver?

(a) Stomach
(b) Small intestine
(c) Large intestine
(d) Oesophagus
8. A few drops of iodine solution were added to rice water. The solution turned blue-black in
colour. This indicates that rice water contains
(a) complex proteins
(b) simple proteins
(c) fats
(d) starch

9. In which part of the alimentary canal food is finally digested?

(a) Stomach
(b) Mouth cavity
(c) Large intestine
(d) Small intestine

10. Choose the function of the pancreatic juice from the following
(a) trypsin digests proteins and lipase carbohydrates
(b) trypsin digests emulsified fats and lipase proteins
(c) trypsin and lipase digest fats
(d) trypsin digests proteins and lipase emulsified fats

11. When air is blown from mouth into a test-tube containing lime water, the lime water turned
milky due to the presence of
(a) oxygen
(b) carbon dioxide
(c) nitrogen
(d) water vapour

12. The correct sequence of anaerobic reactions in yeast is

 Ethanol + Carbondioxide
 Pyruvate mitochondria
(a) Glucose cytoplasm
(b) Glucose cytoplasm
 Pyruvate cytoplasm
 Lactic acid
 Lactic acid
 Pyruvate mitochondria
(c) Glucose cytoplasm
(d) Glucose cytoplasm
 Pyruvate cytoplasm
 Ethanol + Carbondioxide

13. Which of the following is most appropriate for aerobic respiration?

 Pyruvate cytoplasm
(a) Glucose mitochondria  CO2+H2O + Energy
 CO2+H2O + Energy
 Pyruvate mitochondria
(b) Glucose cytoplasm
 CO2+H2O
 Pyruvate + Energy mitochondria
(c) Glucose cytoplasm
 CO2+H2O+ Energy
 Pyruvate + Energy mitochondria
(d) Glucose cytoplasm

14. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about respiration?

(i) During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised
(ii) In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place i.e., oxygen from alveolar air diffuses into
blood and carbon dioxide from blood into alveolar air
(iii) Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen
(iv) Alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)

15. Which is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation?

(a) Nostrils →larynx →pharynx →trachea →lungs
 (b) Nasal passage →trachea →pharynx →larynx →alveoli
(c) larynx →nostrils →pharynx →lungs
(d) Nostrils →pharynx →larynx →trachea →alveoli

16. During respiration exchange of gases take place in

(a) trachea and larynx
(b) alveoli of lungs
(c) alveoli and throat
(d) throat and larynx

17. Which of the following statement (s) is (are) true about heart?
(i) Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from different parts of body while right atrium
receives deoxygenated blood from lungs
(ii) Left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to different body parts while right ventricle
pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs
(iii) Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to right ventricle which sends it to different
body parts
(iv) Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body while left
ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to different parts of the body
(a) (i) (b) (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iii)

18. What prevents backflow of blood inside the heart during contraction?
(a) Valves in heart
(b) Thick muscular walls of ventricles
(c) Thin walls of atria
(d) All of the above

19. Single circulation i.e., blood flows through the heart only once during one cycle of passage
through the body, is exhibited by
(a) Labeo, Chameleon, Salamander
(b) Hippocampus, Exocoetus, Anabas
(c) Hyla, Rana, Draco
(d) Whale, Dolphin, Turtle

20. In which of the following vertebrate group/groups, heart does not pump oxygenated blood
to different parts of the body?
(a) Pisces and amphibians
(b) Amphibians and reptiles
(c) Amphibians only
(d) Pisces only

21. Choose the correct statement that describes arteries.

(a) They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under high pressure; collect blood from
different organs and bring it back to the heart
(b) They have thin walls with valves inside, blood flows under low pressure and carry
blood away from the heart to various organs of the body
(c) They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under low pressure; carry blood from the
heart to various organs of the body
(d) They have thick elastic walls without valves inside, blood flows under high pressure
and carry blood away from the heart to different parts of the body.

22. The filtration units of kidneys are called

 (a) ureter
(b) urethra
(c) neurons
(d) nephrons

23. Oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from

(a) water
(b) chlorophyll
(c) carbon dioxide
(d) glucose

24. The blood leaving the tissues becomes richer in

(a) carbon dioxide
(b) water
(c) heamoglobin
(d) oxygen

25. Which of the following is an incorrect statement?

(a) Organisms grow with time
(b) Organisms must repair and maintain their structure
(c) Movement of molecules does not take place among cells
(d) Energy is essential for life processes

26. The internal (cellular) energy reserve in autotrophs is

(a) glycogen
(b) protein
(c) starch
(d) fatty acid

27. Which of the following equations is the summary of photosynthesis?

(a) 6CO2 + 12H2O →C6H12O6 + 6O2+ 6H2O
(b) 6CO2 + H2O + Sunlight→ C6H12O6 + O2+ 6 H2O
(c) 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight→ C6H12O6 + 6O2+ 6H2O
(d) 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + Chlorophyll + Sunlight→ C6H12O6 + 6 CO2+ 6 H2O

28. Choose the event that does not occur in photosynthesis

(a) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
(b) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates
(c) Oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide
(d) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy

29. The opening and closing of the stomatal pore depends upon
(a) oxygen
(b) temperature
(c) water in guard cells
(d) concentration of CO2 in stomata

30. Choose the forms in which most plants absorb nitrogen

(i) Proteins
(ii) Nitrates and Nitrites
(iii) Urea
(iv) Atmospheric nitrogen
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
 (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv)

31. Which is the first enzyme to mix with food in the digestive tract?
(a) Pepsin
(b) Cellulase
(c) Amylase
(d) Trypsin

32. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?

(i) Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast
(ii) Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria
(iii) Fermentation takes place in mitochondria
(iv) Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)

33. Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers. This results due to
(a) conversion of pyruvate to ethanol
(b) conversion of pyruvate to glucose
(c) non conversion of glucose to pyruvate
(d) conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid

34. Choose the correct path of urine in our body

(a) kidney →ureter →urethra →urinary bladder
(b) kidney →urinary bladder →urethra →ureter
(c) kidney →ureters →urinary bladder →urethra
(d) urinary bladder →kidney →ureter →urethra

35. During deficiency of oxygen in tissues of human beings, pyruvic acid is converted into
lactic acid in the
(a) cytoplasm
(b) chloroplast
(c) mitochondria
(d) golgi body

36. Name the process in plants that links light energy with chemical energy

37. Name the Organisms that can prepare their own food

38. Name the cell organelle where photosynthesis occurs

39. Name the Cells that surround a stomatal pore

40. Name the Organisms that cannot prepare their own food

41. Name an enzyme secreted from gastric glands in stomach that acts on proteins.

42. “All plants give out oxygen during day and carbon dioxide during night”. Do you agree
with this statement? Give reason.

43. How do the guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomatal pores?
44. Two green plants are kept separately in oxygen free containers, one in the dark and the
other in continuous light. Which one will live longer? Give reasons.

45. If a plant is releasing carbon dioxide and taking in oxygen during the day, does it mean that
there is no photosynthesis occurring? Justify your answer.

46. Why do fishes die when taken out of water?

47. Differentiate between an autotroph and a heterotroph.

48. Is ‘nutrition’ a necessity for an organism? Discuss.

49. What would happen if green plants disappear from earth?

50. Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with vaseline. Will this plant remain healthy
for long? Give reasons for your answer.

51. How does aerobic respiration differ from anaerobic respiration?

52. Differentiate between an artery and a vein.

53. What are the adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis?

54. Why is small intestine in herbivores longer than in carnivores?

55. What will happen if mucus is not secreted by the gastric glands?

56. What is the significance of emulsification of fats?

57. What causes movement of food inside the alimentary canal?

58. Why does absorption of digested food occur mainly in the small intestine?

59. Why is the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms?

60. Why is blood circulation in human heart called double circulation?

61. What is the advantage of having four chambered heart?

62. Mention the major events during photosynthesis

63. In each of the following situations what happens to the rate of photosynthesis?
(a) Cloudy days
(b) No rainfall in the area
(c) Good manuring in the area
(d) Stomata get blocked due to dust

64. Name the energy currency in the living organisms. When and where is it produced?

65. What is common for cuscuta, ticks and leeches?

66. Explain the role of mouth in digestion of food.

67. What are the functions of gastric glands present in the wall of the stomach?

68. Name the correct substrates for the following enzymes

(a) Trypsin (b) Amylase (c) Pepsin (d) Lipase

69. Why do veins have thin walls as compared to arteries?

70. What will happen if platelets were absent in the blood?

71. Plants have low energy needs as compared to animals. Explain.

72. Why and how does water enter continuously into the root xylem?

73. Why is transpiration important for plants?

74. How do leaves of plants help in excretion?

75. Explain the process of nutrition in Amoeba.

76. Describe the alimentary canal of man.

77. Explain the process of breathing in man.

78. Explain the importance of soil for plant growth.

79. Draw the diagram of alimentary canal of man and label the following parts.
Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Intestine

80. How do carbohydrates, proteins and fats get digested in human beings?

81. Explain the mechanism of photosynthesis.

82. Explain the three pathways of breakdown in living organisms.

83. Describe the flow of blood through the heart of human beings.

84. Describe the process of urine formation in kidneys.

85. Why is the process of diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirement of human
beings?
86. Draw a diagram of human alimentary canal showing duodenum, small intestine, liver and
pancreas.
87. Draw a diagram of the human urinary system and label in it.

88. What do you mean by double circulation of blood?

89. “If there were no algae there would be no fish in the sea”. Comment.

90. Write the functions of the following in the digestive process :

(i) Bile (ii) Bicarbonate secreted by the duodenal wall. (iii) Pancreatic amylase.