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Abstract. Business expansion in this era of globalization is significantly on the rise, and competition
is intense. One such example of a company that has been experiencing substantial growth is a
culinary business operating primarily within the fastfood sector. Hence, it is imperative for
enterprises to prioritize the caliber of their merchandise in order to deliver contentment to patrons
and garner their loyalty, thereby augmenting their competitive edge. Prior researchs hold immense
significance as they substantiate and reinforce forthcoming scientific theories. The aim of penning
this literature review is to scrutinize product quality. The literature provides insights into the
variables of product quality, service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. It also
highlights that research methodologies such as SPSS and PLS are widely used. The outcomes indicate
a positive correlation between product quality and factors like purchase decisions, customer
satisfaction and loyalty.
Keywords: KFC, literature review, product quality.
Abstrak. Perkembangan bisnis di era globalisasi ini sangat meningkat dan ketat persaingannya, salah
satu contoh perusahaan yang semakin berkembang yaitu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang bisnis
kuliner terkhususnya di sektor makanan cepat saji (Fast Food). Oleh karena itu perusahaan harus
memperhatikan kualitas produk yang dimiliki, agar mampu memberikan kepuasan kepada
pelanggannya, hingga mendapatkan pelanggan yang loyal untuk dapat bersaing dengan perusahaan
lain. Penelitian atau riset terdahulu sangatlah penting, relevan dan memperkuat teori dalam artikel
ilmiah selanjutnya. Tujuan penulisan artikel literature review ini adalah mengkaji mengenai kualitas
produk. Hasil dari literature ini adalah variabel kualitas produk dalam penelitian biasa atau banyak di
sandingkan dengan variabel kualitas layanan, kepuasan pelanggan dan loyalitas pelanggan. Metode
penelitian yang banyak digunakan adalah SPSS dan PLS. dari kajian literature juga dapat di peroleh
hasil bahwa kualitas produk berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian, kepuasan pelanggan
dan loyalitas pelanggan.
INTRODUCTION
The current era of globalization has witnessed a significant surge in business development,
accompanied by intense competition. To thrive in this competitive landscape, the pivotal
factor is generating creative and innovative ideas. Additionally, it is crucial to have an astute
eye for spotting opportunities and capitalizing on them for growth. A prime example of a
flourishing enterprise operating within the culinary industry serves as a testament to this
trend. Enterprises involved in the gastronomy industry, such as the fastfood sector, have
undergone prodigious expansion in recent decades. Amongst the key advancements that have
taken place throughout its evolution are menu innovation, technological integration,
nutritional assistance, food distribution and worldwide outreach.
As the Indonesian middle class population continues to expand, the fast food industry
experiences a commensurate surge in growth and profitability (Rahayu & Syafe'i, 2022). In
the realm of the fast food industry, there exist a particular breed of restaurants that are
renowned for their prompt service and affordable fare. These restaurants typically feature an
uncomplicated menu, catering to customers seeking quick bites on-the-go. One of the
prominent players in fast food is McDonald's, a renowned global franchise known for its
distinct offerings such as the Big Mac and French fries. Additionally, Burger King has gained
popularity for its range of meat-based items, including their iconic Whopper burger. Thirdly,
KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) specializes in succulent fried chicken seasoned with unique
blends of spices. Fourthly, Wendy's is renowned for its delectable fresh burgers and
refreshing frozen milkshakes. Additionally, there are numerous other fastfood restaurants
available.
According to the data presented in Figure 1.1, KFC reigns supreme as the fast food restaurant
offering the most delectable krispy fried chicken products, as voted by Indonesian consumers
in 2023 Sholikhah & Hadita (2023) said that product quality is one of the most important
things in a product purchasing decision process. In addition to cost, the caliber of a product
warrants consideration, thereby necessitating that businesses and eateries uphold and
prioritize their product quality.
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Based on the aforementioned description, the objective of this literature review is to ascertain
the impact of product quality at Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) fast food restaurant.
Additionally, it aims to identify frequently researched factors or variables in tandem with
product quality and commonly employed research methodologies in such studies.
The purpose of this research is to ascertain the impact of product quality on KFC and identify
the factors or variables that are frequently associated with it, as well as the research
methodologies commonly employed.
Product Quality
Quality refers to the comprehensive attributes of a product (be it goods or services) that
enable it to satisfy customer requirements (Rahayu & Kusuma, 2021). Kotler and Armstrong
posit that product quality refers to the attributes inherent in a product or service that enable
them to satisfy customer needs and wants (Apriasty & Simbolon, 2022)..
Tjiptono divides the dimensions of product quality into (1) Prowess, (2) Resilience, (3)
Similarities, (4) Features or characteristics, (5) Reliability, (6) Artistic, (7) Quality value, (8)
Capability. (Saipuloh & Surono, 2023).
METHODE
This research article employs qualitative methodologies, including literature reviews and
library-based researchs. The exploration of theoretical constructs, as well as the examination
of relationships and influences between variables, is conducted through various online
resources such as Perplexity, Mendeley, Google Scholar, and other relevant media.
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In qualitative inquiry, literature should be employed consistently to align with the underlying
assumptions of the adopted methodology. An inductive approach is favored to avoid steering
the researcher's line of questioning. The pursuit of exploratory and descriptive research
constitutes a primary motivation for conducting qualitative research (Nuryani et al., 2022)..
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Maker: Jurnal Manajemen, 9 (1), Juni 2023 - 6
on customer
allegiance in the
fast food
restaurants
situated in Jakarta.
(Wibowo et al.,
2022)
4. The impact of Product quality PLS Product quality affects
both product and Service quality customer loyalty (+)
service quality on Customer satisfaction Service quality affects
customer loyalty Customer loyalty customer loyalty (+)
is mediated by the Customer satisfaction affects
level of customer customer loyalty (+)
satisfaction Customer satisfaction
achieved. This mediates product quality and
case research, service quality on customer
conducted at KJSP loyalty.
Doro, serves to
illustrate this
phenomenon
(Familiar &
Maftukhah, 2015)
5. Examination of Product quality SPSS Product quality affects
the impact of Service quality customer satisfaction (+)
service excellence Customer satisfaction Product quality affects
and product Customer loyalty customer loyalty (+)
excellence on Service quality affects
patron customer satisfaction (+)
contentment and Service quality affects
allegiance in 4G customer loyalty (+)
data amenities Customer satisfaction affects
(Marlin, 2017) customer loyalty (+)
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customer
satisfaction
(Saipuloh &
Surono, 2023)
7. The impact of the Product quality SPSS Product quality affects
caliber of both Quality of service customer satisfaction (+)
merchandise and Customer satisfaction Product quality affects
assistance Customer loyalty customer loyalty (+)
rendered on the Service quality affects
contentment and customer satisfaction (+)
loyalty of patrons Service quality affects
towards D'Besto customer loyalty (+)
Mangunjaya 2
South Tambun
(Trianah et al.,
2017)
8. The impact of the Store atmosphere SPSS Store atmosphere affects
ambiance of a Product quality customer loyalty (+)
store, the quality Service quality Product quality affects
of its products and Customer satisfaction customer loyalty (+)
services, as well Customer loyalty Service quality affects
as customer customer loyalty (+)
contentment on Customer satisfaction affects
their loyalty (Ayu customer loyalty (+)
et al., 2021)
9. The impact of the Product quality SPSS Product quality on customer
caliber of Service quality satisfaction (- )
products, Location Service quality on customer
excellence in Customer satisfaction satisfaction (+)
service provision, Location on customer
and geographical satisfaction (-)
positioning on
customer
contentment
(Izzuddin &
Muhsin, 2020)
10. The impact of the Product quality SPSS Product quality affects
caliber of goods Service quality customer satisfaction (+)
and services Customer satisfaction Service quality affects
rendered on the customer satisfaction (+)
contentment of
customers (Sari &
Razak, 2017)
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After conducting a thorough analysis of literature and journal categorization, it appears that
the pivotal point of this research is centered around the variable of product quality. This
particular variable is frequently juxtaposed with other variables such as customer satisfaction,
service quality, and customer loyalty. Research conducted by Andriansyah et al. (2023),
Sholikhah & Hadita (2023), and Fauzi & Mandala (2019) also underlined the relationship and
comparison between product quality and these aspects. The outcomes of the literature review
furnish a robust basis for investigating the interplay among these variables within the ambit
of this research. The ramifications of antecedent research can establish a firm groundwork for
formulating a conceptual framework and additional hypotheses for further research.
The literature review also reveals that researchers frequently employ SPSS (Statistical
Program for Social Science) and PLS (Partial Least Square) as their primary research
methods. The cited research indicates the prevalent utilization of these two approaches for
scrutinizing associations among variables with respect to product excellence, patron
contentment, service quality, and customer allegiance. The congruity in methodological
selection could furnish a sense of constancy and coherence within this domain of inquiry.
The utilization of SPSS and PLS may confer distinct benefits when addressing the intricacy
of variable relationships, rendering them a favored option among researchers for compiling
data analyses. Such insight can offer pragmatic direction to scholars pursuing analogous
research endeavors.
The outcomes of the journal categorization and thorough literary analysis further demonstrate
that product excellence exerts a favorable influence on consumers' procurement choices, as
highlighted by the research of Sundana et al. (2023). Superior product quality often garners
favor and trust from consumers, leading to a greater inclination to purchase said products.
Furthermore, maintaining consistent, standardized, and top-tier product quality is vital in
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bolstering customer satisfaction levels. The durability of such steadfast and satisfactory
product quality plays a pivotal role in cultivating customer loyalty. Henceforth, it is
discernible that the caliber of a product exerts a potent affirmative sway on customer
contentment. This, in turn, engenders an enduring patronage from customers. These
revelations furnish invaluable perspicacity for practitioners and scholars to grasp the
intricacies of the interrelation between product quality, customer gratification, and customer
allegiance within the sphere of procurement resolutions.
Isyana Rahayu: research concept, methodology, Data curation, Data Analisys, Supervision. Dheri
Febiyani Lestari: Supervision, Research administration, Write the introductions, conductiong review
and editing the manuscript. Geni nurfadilah: Prepare the original manuscript, Prepare the data
curation, Collecting the previous research. Marto Silalahi: Proof reading and review the manuscript
We declare that this manuscript has not been previously published and is not under consideration for
publication in any other journal. We have agreed to the publication of this manuscript, and if
accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in Indonesian or any other language,
including electronically, without the written consent of the copyright holder.
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