(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE

EXERCISE – O - I

Rutherford Model
1. The approximate size of the nucleus of 64
28 Ni is :

(A) 3 fm (B) 4 fm (C) 5 fm (D) 2 fm

2. Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment eventually led to the conclusion that
(A) mass and energy are related
(B) electrons occupy space around the nucleus
(C) neutrons are buried deep in the nucleus
(D) the point of impact with matter can be precisely determined

Plancks Quantum theory, No. pf photons

3. The ratio of the energy of a photon of 2000 A wavelength radiation to that of 4000 A radiation is
(A) 1 / 4 (B) 4 (C) 1 / 2 (D) 2

4. A bulb of 40 W is producing a light of wavelength 620 nm with 80% of efficiency then the
number of photons emitted by the bulb in 20 seconds are (1eV = 1.6 × 10–19 J, hc = 12400 eV A)
(A) 2 × 1018 (B) 1018 (C) 1021 (D) 2 × 1021

Bohr’s Model

5. The ratio of the radii of two Bohr orbits of H-atoms is 4 : 1 what would be their nomenclature
(A) K & L (B) L & K (C) N & L (D) B & C both
6. Correct order of radius of the st orbit of H, He+, Li2+, Be3+ is :
(A) H > He+> Li2+ > Be3+ (B) Be3+ > Li2+> He+ > H
(C) He+ > Be3+ > Li2+ > H (D) He+ > H > Li2+ > Be3+
7. In a certain electronic transition in the hydrogen atoms from an initial state (1) to a final state
(2), the difference in the orbital radius (r1 – r2) is 24 times the first Bohr radius. Identify the
transition.
(A) 5 → 1 (B) 25 → 1 (C) 8 → 3 (D) 6 → 5
8. The energy levels for ZA+(Z–1) can be given by :-
(A) En for A+( Z–1) = Z2 × En for H (B) En for A+( Z–1) = Z × En for H

(C) En for A+ Z–1) = 12 × En for H (D) En for A+(z – 1) = 1 × En for H

Z Z
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9. If the potential energy (PE) of hydrogen electron is –3.02eV then in which of the following
excited level is electron present :–
(A) 1st (B) 2nd (C) 3rd (D) 4th
10. A single electron orbits a stationary nucleus of charge +Ze, where Z is a constant. It requires
47.2 eV to excite electron from second Bohr orbit to third Bohr orbit, find the value of Z :
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 4
11. Which is correct for any H like species :-
(A) (E2 – E1) > (E3 – E2) > (E4 – E3) (B) (E2 – E1) < (E3 – E2) < (E4 – E3)
(C) (E2 – E1) = (E3 – E2) = (E4 – E3) (D) (E2 – E1) = 1/4 (E3 – E2)=1/9 (E4 – E3)
12. The energy of H–atom in nth orbit is En then energy in nth orbit of singly ionized helium atom
will be:
(A) 4En (B) En/4 (C) 2En (D) En/2
13. In the following transition which statement is correct?
(A) E3 – 1 = E3–2 – E2–1 E3
2

(B) 3 = 1 + 2
3
E2
1
(C) 3 = 2 + 1 E1
(D) None
14. Three energy levels P, Q, R of a certain atom are such that EP < EQ < ER. If 1, 2 and 3 are the
wavelengths of radiation corresponding to transition R → Q ; Q → P and R→ P respectively. The
correct relationship between 1, 2 and 3 is

(A) 1 + 2 = 3 (B) 1 = 1 + 1 (C) 3 = 1  2 (D) 2 = 1 + 1

3 1 2 3 1 2

15. The binding energy of e– in ground state of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. The energies required to
eject out an electron from three lowest states of He+ ion will be – (in eV)
(A) 13.6, 10.2, 3.4 (B) 13.6, 3.4, 1.5 (C) 13.6, 27.2, 40.8 (D) 54.4, 13.6, 6
16. A single electron is revolving orbits a round nucleus a stationary (z = 5). The energy required to
excite the electron from the third to the fourth Bohr orbit will be :-
(A) 4.5 eV (B) 8.53 eV (C) 25 eV (D) 16.53 eV
17. A photon of energy 12.75 ev is completely absorbed by a hydrogen atom initially in ground
state. The principal quantum number of the excited state is
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 
18. A hydrogen atom (ionisation energy 13.6 eV) jumps from third excited state to first excited
state. The energy of photon emitted in the process is
(A) 1.89 eV (B) 2.55 eV (C) 12.09 eV (D) 12.75 eV

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19. Angular momentum in 2nd Bohr orbit of H-atom is x. Then find out angular momentum in Ist
excited state of Li+2 :–
(A) 3x (B) 9x (C) x/2 (D) x
20. In an atom, two electrons move round the nucleus in circular orbits of radii R and 4R. The ratio
of the time taken by them to complete one revolution is: (Consider Bohr model to be valid)
(A) 1 : 4 (B) 4 : 1 (C) 1 : 8 (D) 8 : 1
21. The angular momentum of an electron in a given orbit is J, its kinetic energy will be :
1 J2 Jv J2 J2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 mr 2 r 2m 2
22. Given H for the process Li(g) ⎯→ Li+3(g) + 3e– is 19800 kJ/mole & IE1 for Li is 520 then IE2 &
IE3 of Li are respectively (approx. value)
(A) 7505 , 11775 (B) 520 , 19280
(C) 11775 , 19280 (D) Data insufficient

Spectrum
23. The first Lyman transition in the hydrogen spectrum has DE = 10.2 eV. The same energy change
is observed in the second Balmer transition of :-
(A) Li2+ (B) Li+ (C) He+ (D) Be3+
24. The third line in Balmer series corresponds to an electronic transition between which Bohr’s
orbits in hydrogen
(A) 5 → 3 (B) 5 → 2 (C) 4 → 3 (D) 4 → 2
25. The shortest wavelength of He+ ion in Balmer series is x, then longest wavelength in the
Paschen series of Li+2 is
36x 16x 9x 5x
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 7 5 9
26. The ratio of difference in wavelengths of 1st and 2nd lines of Lyman series in H–like atom to
difference in wavelength for 2nd and 3rd lines of same series is:
(A) 2.5 : 1 (B) 3.5 : 1 (C) 4.5 : 1 (D) 5.5 : 1
27. The ratio of wave length of photon corresponding to the -line of Lyman series in H-atom and
-line of Balmer series in He+ is
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 1 : 4 (D) 3 : 16
28. In a sample of H-atoms, electrons de-excite from a level ‘n’ to 1. The total number of lines
belonging to Balmer series are two. If the electrons are ionized from level ‘n’ by photons of
energy 13 eV. Then the kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectrons will be :

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(A) 12.15 eV (B) 11.49 eV (C) 12.46 eV (D) 12.63 eV

29.
2 2
( )
The value of (n2 + n1) and n 2 − n1 for He+ ion in atomic spectrum are 4 and 8 respectively. The

wavelength of emitted photon when electron jump from n2 to n1 is

9 32
(A)(9/32)RH (B) (32/9)RH (C) (D)
32R H 9R H

30. An atom has x energy level, then total number of lines in its spectrum are:-
(A) 1 + 2 + 3 ............(x + 1) (B) 1 + 2 + 3 ...... (x2)
(C) 1 + 2 + 3 ...... (x - 1) (D) (x + 1) (x + 2) (x + 4)
31. In a sample of H–atoms, electron transits from 6th orbit to 2nd orbit in multi steps. Then total
spectral lines (without Balmer series) will be :
(A) 6 (B) 10 (C) 4 (D) 0
32. Number of possible spectral lines which may be emitted in bracket series in H atom,
if electrons present in 9th excited level returns to ground level, are
(A) 21 (B) 6 (C) 45 (D) 5

Photoelectric Effect
33. A photon of energy h is absorbed by a free electron of a metal having work function w < h.
Then :
(A) The electron is sure to come out
(B) The electron is sure to come out with a kinetic energy (h – w)
(C) Either the electron does not come out or it comes with a kinetic energy (h – w)
(D) It may come out with a kinetic energy less than (h – w)
34. Which of the following statement is false in the context of photoelectric effect ?
(A) The kinetic energy of ejected electron is independent of the photointensity of a radiation.
(B) The number of photoelectrons ejected depends upon the photointensity of the incident
radiation.
(C) The kinetic energy of the emitted electrons depends on the frequency of the incident radiation.
(D) The kinetic energy of the emitted electrons depends on the photointensity of the incident
radiation.
35. A beam of white light is dispersed into its wavelength components by a Quartz prism and falls
on a thin sheet of potassium metal. What is the correct decreasing order of maximum kinetic
energy of the electron emitted by the different light component.
(A) blue > green > orange > yellow (B) violet > blue > orange > red
(C) yellow > green > blue > violet (D) orange > yellow > blue > violet
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36. A light source of wavelength  illuminates a metal and ejects photo-electrons with (K.E.)max = 1 eV

Another light source of wavelength , ejects photo-electrons from same metal with
3
(K.E.)max = 4eV. Find the value of work function ?
(A) 1 eV (B) 2 eV (C) 0.5 eV (D) None of these
37. When a beam of photons of a particular energy was incident on a surface of a particular pure
metal having work function = (40 eV), some emitted photoelectrons had stopping potential
equal to 22 V, some had 12 V and rest had lower values. Calculate the wavelength of incident
photons assuming that at least one photoelectron is ejected with maximum possible kinetic
energy.
(A) 310 A (B) 298 A (C) 238 A (D) 200 A
38. Electromagnetic radiations having  = 310 A are subjected to a metal sheet having work
function = 12.8 eV. What will be the velocity of photoelectrons with maximum Kinetic Energy.
(A) 0, no emission will occur (B) 2.18 × 106 m/s

(C) 2.18 2 × 106 m/s (D) 8.72 × 106 m/s

De-Broglie Hypothesis
39. The wavelength associated with a golf weighing 200g and moving at a speed of 5m/h is of the
order
(A) 10–10m (B) 10–20m (C) 10–30m (D) 10–40m
40. An electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state absorbs energy equal to the ionisation
energy of Li+2. The wavelength of the emitted electron is:
(A) 3.32 ×10–10 m (B) 1.17 A (C) 2.32 × 10–9 nm (D) 3.33 pm
41. A particle X moving with a certain velocity has a de–Broglie wavelength of 1A. If particle Y has a
mass of 25% that of X and velocity 75% that of X, de–Broglie’s wavelength of Y will be :
(A) 3A (B) 5.33 A (C) 6.88 A (D) 48A
42. An electron, a proton and an alpha particle have kinetic energies of 16E, 4E and E respectively.
What is the qualitative order of their de Broglie wavelengths?
(A) e > p =  (B) p =  > e (C) p > e >  (D)  < e » p
43. An electron has kinetic energy 2.8 × 10–23 J. de-Broglie wavelength will be nearly :-
(me = 9.1 × 10–31 kg)
(A) 9.28 × 10–24 m (B) 9.28 × 10–7 m (C) 9.28 × 10–8 m (D) 9.28 × 10–10 m
44. What will be de-Broglie wavelength of an electron moving with a velocity of 1.2 × 105 ms–1:
(A) 6.068 × 10–9 m (B) 3.133 × 10–37 m (C) 6.626 × 10–9 m (D) 6.018 × 10–7 m
45. For a valid Bohr orbit, its circumference should be:

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(A) = n  (B) = (n – 1) (C) > n  (D) < n 
 1 
46. De-Broglie wavelength of two particles A & B of same charge are plotted against   ; where V
 V

is potential on the particles. Which of the following relation is correct about mass of particle?

(A) MA = MB (B) MA > MB (C) MA < MB (D) MA  MB

47. An electron in a hydrogen like atom makes transition from a state in which its de-Broglie
wavelength is 1 to a state where its de-Broglie wavelength is 2 then wavelength of photon ()
generated will be

4mc  1  2 
2 2
(A)  = 1 – 2 (B)  =  
h  12 −  22 

 12  22  2mc  1  2 
2 2
(C)  =  2 (D)  =  
 1 −  2  h  12 −  22 
2

48. In H-atom, if ‘x’ is the radius of the first Bohr orbit, de Broglie wavelength of an electron in 3rd
orbit is:
9x x
(A) 3  x (B) 6  x (C) (D)
2 2
49. An -particle is accelerated through a potential difference of V volts from rest. The de-Broglie’s
wavelength associated with it is

150 0.286 0.101 0.983

(A) Å (B) Å (C) Å (D) Å
V V V V
50. de-Broglie wavelength of electron in second orbit of Li2+ ion will be equal to de-Broglie of
wavelength of electron in
(A) n = 3 of H-atom (B) n = 4 of C5+ ion
(C) n = 6 of Be3+ ion (D) n = 3 of He+ ion

Heisenberg Uncertainity Principle

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51. Uncertainty in the position of an electron (mass 9.1  10–31 kg) moving with a velocity 300 ms–1,

accurate up to 0.001% will be : ( = 5.8  10–5)

2m e

(A) 19.2  10–2 m (B) 5.76  10–2 m

(C) 3.84  10–2 m (D) 1.92  10–2 m
52. A graph is plotted between uncertainty in position and inverse of uncertainty in wavelength for
an electron. We get a straight line passing through origin. Calculate voltage through which
electron is accelerated with -

(A) 150 V (B) 75 V (C) 37.5 V (D) 300 V

53. What is uncertainty in location of a photon of wavelength 5000A if wavelength is known to an
accuracy of 1 pm?
(A) 7.96 × 10–14 m (B) 0.02 m
(C) 3.9 ×10–8 m (D) none
54. Assuming Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle to be true what could be the minimum uncertainty
in de-Broglie wavelength of a moving electron accelerated by Potential Difference of 6 V whose

uncertainty in position is 7 n.m.

22
(A) 6.25 A (B) 6 A (C) 0.625 A (D) 0.3125 A

Schrodinger Equation
55. Which orbital is non-directional
(A) s (B) p (C) d (D) All
56 The quantum number which determines the shape of the orbital is:-
(A) magnetic quantum number. (B) azimuthal quantum number.
(C) principal quantum number. (D) spin quantum number.
57 Orbital with maximum symmetry is:-
(A) p-orbital (B) s-orbital (C) dxy-orbital (D) d z 2 -orbital

58 The probability of finding Py electron is zero in

(A) XY-plane (B) YZ-plane (C) XZ-plane (D) Y-axis
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59 The number of nodal planes in 2p x orbital is:-

(A) zero (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinite

60 The orbital having two spherical node is:-
(A) 1s (B) 2s (C) 3s (D) 2p
61 The number of radial nodes of 3s, 3p and 3d electrons are, respectively.
(A) 0, 1, 2 (B) 2, 1, 0 (C) 2, 2, 2 (D) 1, 3, 5
62 Number of nodal surface in 4p orbital is:-
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 0

63 Which of the following graph represents the radial probability function of 3d electron?
4 r2R2

4 r2R2
(A) (B)

r r
4 r2R2

4 r2R2

(C) (D)

r r
64 For an electron in a hydrogen atom, the wave function is given by 1s = ( / 2)e−r/a0 , where a0

is the radius of first Bohr’s orbit and r is the distance from the nucleus with which the
probability of finding electron varies. What will be the ratio of probabilities of finding electrons
at the nucleus to first Bohr’s orbit ao?
1
(A) 0 (B) e (C) e2 (D)
e2

65. In an excited state, a calcium atom has the electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s23p64s14d1.
What is the orbital angular momentum for d electron :-

(A) 4 h (B) 16 h (C) 6 h (D) 10 h

66. For an electron, with n = 3 has only one radial node. The orbital angular momentum of the
electron will be
h h
(D) 3  
h
(A) 0 (B) 6 (C) 2
2 2  2 
67. In an atomic orbital, the sign of lobes indicates the :

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(A) sign of the probability distribution
(B) sign of charge
(C) sign of the wave function
(D) presence or absence of electron

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EXERCISE # S-I

Rutherford Model
1. The approximate radius of a H-atom is 0.05 nm, and that of proton is 1.5 × 10–15 m. Assuming
both the hydrogen atom and the proton to be spherical, calculate fraction of the space in an
atom of hydrogen that is occupied by the nucleus.
2. Find the radius of nucleus of an atom having atomic mass number equal to 125.
(Take R0 = 1.3 × 10–15 m )

Plancks Quantum theory, No. of Photons

3. Calculate the energy of 100 photons if the wavelength of the light is 2000A.
4. How many photons are emitted per second by a 5 mW laser operating at 620 nm?
5. Two bulbs ‘A’ and ‘B’ emit red light and yellow light at 8000 A and 4000A respectively.
The number of photons emitted by both the bulbs per second is the same. If the red bulb is
labelled as 100 watts, find the wattage of the yellow bulb.
6. The eyes of certain member of the reptile family pass a single visual signal to the brain when
the visual receptors are struck by photons of wavelength 850 nm . If a total energy of 3.15 × 10–
14 J is required to trip the signal, what is the minimum number of photons that must strike the
receptor.
7. Find the number of photons of radiation of frequency 5 × 1013 s–1 that must be absorbed in
order to melt one gm ice when the latent heat of fusion of ice is 330 J/g.
8. One quantum is absorbed per gaseous molecule of Br2 for converting into Br atoms. If light
absorbed has wavelength 5000 A, calculate energy required in kJ/mol.
9. A photon having  = 854 A causes the ionization of a nitrogen atom. Give the ionisation energy
of nitrogen atom in KJ/mol.
10. A certain dye absorbs 4530 A and fluoresces at 5080 A these being wavelengths of maximum
absorption that under given conditions 47% of the absorbed energy is emitted. Calculate the
ratio of the number of quanta emitted to the number absorbed.
11. The reaction between H2 and Br2 to form HBr in presence of light is initiated by the photo
decomposition of Br2 into free Br atoms (free radicals) by absorption of light. The bond
dissociation energy of Br2 is 192 KJ/mole. What is the longest wavelength (in A) of the photon
that would initiate the reaction.

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12. The dissociation energy of H2 is 430.53 KJ/mol. If H2 is exposed to radiation of wavelength
253.7 nm, what % of radiant energy will be converted into K.E.
13. The quantum yield for decomposition of HI is 0.2. In an experiment 0.01 moles of HI are
decomposed. Find the number of photons absorbed.

Bohr’s Model

14. If the velocity of the electron in first orbit of H atom is 2.18 × 106 m/s, what is its value in third
orbit ?
15. Calculate energy (in J) of electron which is moving in the orbit that has its radius sixteen times
the radius of first Bohr orbit for H–atom.
16. The radius of an orbit of hydrogen atom is 0.85 nm. Calculate the velocity (in m/sec) of electron
in this orbit.
17. The energy of an excited H-atom is –3.4 eV. Calculate angular momentum of e– in the given
orbit.
18. In a H-like atom for an electron revolving in nth orbit, the variation of log10KE versus log10Z is
plotted as following –
log10KE

O log10Z

where Z is atomic number & KE is kinetic energy of electron (in eV). If OA = log10 3.4 then find
the value of principle quantum number of the electron.
19. Two bulbs A and B are emitting monochromatic light of wavelength such that A can just ionise
H atoms & B can just ionise He+ ions. If the power of A & B are 30 W & 40 W respectively.
Calculate the ratio of number of photons emitted per second by bulb A to bulb B ?
20. A hydrogen sample is prepared in a particular excited state. Photons of energy 2.55 eV get
absorbed into the sample to take some of the electrons to a further excited state B. Find orbit
numbers of the states A and B. Given the allowed energies of hydrogen atom :
E1 = –13.6 eV, E2 = –3.4 eV, E3 = –1.5 eV, E4 = –0.85 eV, E5 = –0.54 eV
21. If first ionization potential of a hypothetical atom is 16 V, then the first excitation potential will
be :

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22. A doubly ionised lithium atom is hydrogen like with atomic number z = 3. Find the wavelength
(in A) of the radiation required to excite the electron in Li2+ from the first to the third Bohr
orbit.
23. Estimate the difference in energy (in eV) between I and II Bohr Orbit for a hydrogen atom.
At what minimum atomic number a transition from n=2 to n=1 energy level would result in the
emission of X-rays with  = 3.0 × 10–8 m? Which hydrogen like species does this atomic number
correspond to.
24. Calculate the frequency of e– in the first Bohr orbit in a H–atom.
25. Find the ratio of the time period of 2nd Bohr orbit of He+ and 4th Bohr orbit of Li2+.
26. If the average life time of an excited state of H atom is of order 10–8 sec, estimate how many
orbits an e– makes when it is in the state n = 2 and before it suffers a transition to n =1 state.
27. A hydrogen like atom with atomic number ‘Z’ is in higher excited state of quantum number ‘n’.
This excited state atom can make a transition to the first excited state by successively emitting
two photons of energies 10 eV and 68.2 eV respectively. Alternatively, the atom from the same
excited state can make a transition to the 2nd excited state by emitting two photons of energies
4.25 eV and 5.95 eV respectively. Calculate the value of 'Z’.

Spectrum

28. Find the number of spectral lines in Paschen series emitted by atomic H, when electron is
excited from ground state to 7th energy level returns back.
29. Electrons in the H-atoms jump from some higher level to 3rd energy level. If six spectral lines
are possible for the transition, find the initial position of electron.
30. What electron transition in the He+ spectrum would have the same wavelength as the first
Lyman transition of hydrogen.
31. Calculate the frequency of light emitted for an electron transition from the sixth to second orbit
of the hydrogen atom. In what region of the spectrum does this light occur?
32. Calculate the total energy (J/mole) emitted when electrons of 1.0 g atom of hydrogen undergo
transition giving the spectral line of lowest energy in the visible region of its atomic spectrum.
33. Ionization energy of H–atom is 13.6 eV. If H–atom is in the ground state is excited by
monochromatic light of energy 12.1 eV then the number of spectral lines emitted when
electrons return to ground state

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34. H- atom is exposed to electromagnetic radiation of 1026 A and gives out induced radiations
(radiations emitted when e– returns to ground state).Calculate  (in A) of induced radiations.
35. Electrons in a sample of H-atoms make transition from state n = x to some lower excited state.
If one of the maximum energy photons has an energy of 0.6375 eV, find the value of x. [Take
3
0.6375 eV = × 0.85 eV]
4
36. In a container a mixture is prepared by mixing of three samples of hydrogen, helium ion (He+)
and lithium ion (Li2+). In sample all the hydrogen atoms are in 1st excited state and all the He+
ions are in third excited state and all the Li2+ ions are in fifth excited state. Find the total
number of spectral lines observed in the emission spectrum of such a sample, when the
electrons return back up to the ground state.

Photoelectric Effect

37. Calculate the threshold frequency (in s–1) of metal if the binding energy is 180.69 KJ mol–1 of
electron.
38. The work function for a metal is 40 eV. To emit photo electrons of zero velocity from the surface
of the metal the wavelength of incident light should be x nm.
39. A metal was irradiated by light of frequency 3.2 × 1015 S–1. The photoelectron produced had its
KE, 2 times the KE of the photoelectron which was produced when the same metal was
irradiated with a light of frequency 2.0 ×1015 S–1. What is work function (in kJ/mole).
40. A stationary He+ ion emitted a photon corresponding to a first line of the Lyman series.
The photon liberated a photoelectron from a stationary H atom in ground state. What is the
velocity (in cm/sec.) of photoelectron.
41. The K.E. of an electron emitted from tungsten surface is 3.06 eV. What voltage would be
required to bring the electron to rest.

De-Broglie Hypothesis

42. Find the ratio of speed when the De-Broglie wavelength associated with an electron would be
equal to that associated with a proton if a proton is 1836 times heavier than an electron.
43. If an electron having kinetic energy 2 eV is accelerated through the potential difference of 2
Volt. Then calculate the wavelength associated with the electron.

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44. An electron in a H-atom in its ground state absorbs 1.5 times as much energy as the minimum
required for its escape (13.6 eV) from the atom. What is wavelength of the emitted electron.
45. To what effective potential (in volt) a proton beam be subjected to give its protons a wavelength
of 1 ×10–10 m.
46. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength (in m) associated with motion of earth (mass 6 × 1024 Kg)
orbiting around the sun at a speed of 3 × 106 m/s.
47. An electron, practically at rest, is initially accelerated through a potential difference of 100
volts. It then has a de Broglie wavelength = 1 A. It then get retarded through 19 volts and then
has a wavelength 2 A. A further retardation through 32 volts changes the wavelength to 3A,
3 −  2
What is ?
1

48. Photon having energy equivalent to the binding energy of 4th state of He+ atom is used to eject
an electron from the metal surface of work function 1.4 eV. If electrons are further accelerated
through the potential difference of 4V then the minimum value of de–Broglie wavelength
associated with the electron is :
49. The figure shows a sample of H-atoms having electron revolving in higher orbit ‘n’.

If this electron makes transition from this orbit ‘n’ to ground state, number of Paschen lines
emitted are.
50. de–Broglie wavelength associated with an electron in 4th orbit of hydrogen atom is a × (r0)
where r0 is radius of 1st orbit of hydrogen atom, find value of 'a'.

Heisenberg Uncertainity Principle

51. A proton is accelerated to one- tenth of the velocity of light. If its velocity can be measured with
a precision  1%. What must be its uncertainty in position (in m).
52. If uncertainties in measurement of position and momentum of an electron are equal, then the
uncertainty in measurement of its velocity is x × 1012. The value of x (the closest whole number
value) is : me = 9.1 × 10–31 kg, and h = 6.625 × 10–34 Js.
53. The uncertainty in position and velocity of the particle are 0.1 nm and 5.27×10–24 ms–1
respectively then find the mass of the particle. (h = 6.625 × 10–34Js)

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Schrödinger wave equation and orbital concept

54. Find : (a) The number of radial nodes of 5s atomic orbital

(b) The number of angular nodes of 3dyz atomic orbital

(c) The sum of angular nodes and radial nodes of 4dxy atomic orbital

(d) The number of angular nodes of 3p atomic orbital

55. How many non-spherical orbitals are possible that have at least two maxima if a curve is
plotted between radial probability distribution function versus radial distance for which
principal quantum number: n  4?
56. The ratio of angular nodes of 3d orbital and radial nodes of 3p orbital is x : 1 what is the value
of x.
57. The radial distribution curve of 2s sublevel consists of x nodes, Find out value of x.
58. Calculate the distance of spherical nodes for '3s' orbital from nucleus?

1
R3s = (6 – 6  + 2) e 2 where  = 2r
3/2 na 0
9 3a 0

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EXERCISE # O-II
More than one may be correct
1. Which of the following could be concluded from Rutherford's -particle scattering experiment-
(A) Most of the space in the atom is empty
(B) The radius of the atom is about 10–10 m while that of nucleus is 10–15m
(C) Electrons move in a circular path of fixed energy called orbits
(D) Radius of nucleus is directly proportional to cubic root of mass number.
2. Select the incorrect statement(s):
(A) All electromagnetic radiation travel with speed of light in vacuum.
(B) Energy of photon of UV light is lower than that of yellow light.
(C) He+ and H have same spectrum.
(D) The total energy of an electron in uni-electronic specie is greater than zero
3. A sodium street light gives off yellow light that has a wavelength of 600 nm. Then
12400 eV Å
(For energy of a photon take E = )
 (Å)
(A) frequency of this light is 7× 1014 s–1 (B) frequency of this light is 5× 1014 s–1
(C) wave number of the light is 3 × 106 m–1 (D) energy of the photon is approximately
2.07 eV
4. Choose the incorrect statement(s):
(A) Increasing order of wavelength is
Micro waves > Radio waves > IR waves > visible waves > UV waves
(B) The order of Bohr radius is (rn : where n is orbit number for a given atom)
r1 < r2 < r3 < r4
(C) The order of total energy is (En : where n is orbit number for a given atom)
E1 > E2 > E 3 > E4
(D) The order of velocity of electron in H, He+, Li+, Be3+ species in second Bohr orbit is
Be3+ > Li+2 > He+ > H
5. The change in angular momentum corresponding to an electron in Balmer transition inside a
hydrogen atom can be :
h h h h
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4  2 8

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6. 1st excitation potential for the H-like (hypothetical) sample is 24 V. Then :
(A) Ionisation energy of the sample is 36 eV
(B) Ionisation energy of the sample is 32 eV
(C) Binding energy of 3rd excited state is 2 eV
32  8
(D) 2nd excitation potential of the sample is V
9
7. In a H-like sample electrons make transition from 5th excited state to 2nd excited state
(A) 10 different spectral lines will be emitted
(B) 6 different spectral lines will be emitted
(C) Number of lines belonging to Balmer series will be 4
(D) Number of lines belonging to Paschen series will be 3
8. Select the correct curve(s):
If v = velocity of electron in Bohr's orbit
r = Radius of electron in Bohr's orbit
P.E. = Potential energy of electron in Bohr's orbit
K.E. = Kinetic energy of electron in Bohr's orbit

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

9. Which is / are correct statement.

(A) The difference in angular momentum associated with the electron present in consecutive
h
orbits of H-atom is (n–1)
2
(B) Energy difference between energy levels will be changed if, P.E. at infinity assigned value
other than zero.
(C) Frequency of spectral line in a H-atom is in the order of (2 → 1) < (3 → 1) < (4 → 1)
(D) On moving away from the nucleus, kinetic energy of electron decreases
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10. The kinetic energy of photoelectron emitted on irradiating a metal surface with frequency  is
related by KE = hv – . The plots of KE vs. incident  shows :
(A) A straight line with slope equal to Planck's constant.
(B) A straight line with intercept on x-axis equal to the product of threshold frequency and
Plank's constant.
(C) A straight line with extrapolated intercept on y-axis equal to threshold energy.
(D) A straight line with intercept on x-axis equal to threshold frequency
11. Which statements is/are correct regarding the photoelectric effect -
(A) There is no electron ejection, regardless of intensity of the radiation unless the frequency,
exceeds a threshold value which is the characteristics of metals
(B) Kinetic energy of ejected electrons varies linearly with the frequency of incident radiation
and its photo intensity
(C) Even at low intensity, electrons are ejected if the frequency of incident light is more than
the threshold frequency
(D) An intense and weak beam of same monochromatic radiation differs in having number
photons and not in the energy of photons
12. Which of the following is the nodal plane of dxy orbital ?
(A) XY (B) YZ (C) ZX (D) All
13. Choose the correct statement among the following
(A) Radial probability distribution function (2·4r2dr ) gives probability at a particular
distance along one chosen direction
(B) 2 (r) gives probability density at a particular distance over a spherical surface
(C) For 's' orbitals (r)()() = (x, y, z) is independent of  and 
(D) '2p' orbital with quantum numbers. n = 2,  = 1, m = 0, also shows angular dependence
14. Correct statement(s) regarding 3Py orbital is/are
(A) Angular part of wave function is independent of angles ( and )
(B) Number of maxima when a curve is plotted between 4r2R2(r) vs r are '2'
(C) 'xz' plane acts as nodal plane
(D) Magnetic quantum number must be '–1'
15. Which of following has correct matching of curve and orbital
I II III
4r2R
4r2R

4r2R

r r r

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(A) I(2p) II(Is) III(4p)
(B) I(3p) II(3d) III(3s)
(C) I(4d) II(2p) III(3d)
(D) I(2s) II(4f) III(3d)
Assertion and Reason :
16. It is a data sufficiency problem in which it is to be decided on the basis of given statements
whether the given question can be answered or not. No matter whether the answer is yes or
number

Question : Is the orbital of hydrogen atom 3px?

1 r
Statement-1: The radial function of the orbital is R(r) = (4 – )  e–/2,  =
3/2
9 6a 0 2

Statement-2: The orbital has 1 radial node & 0 angular node.

(A) Statement (1) alone is sufficient. (B) Statement (2) alone is sufficient

(C) Both together is sufficient. (D) Neither is sufficient

17. Statement-1: Energy emitted when an electron jump from 5 → 2 (energy level) is less than
when an electron jump from 2 → 1 in all 'H' like atom.
Statement-2: The |total energy difference| between 1st & 2nd energy level is greater than that of
any two energy level provided level '1' is not part of those two energy levels.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-
1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
18. Statement-1: Emitted radiations will fall in visible range when an electron jump from higher
level to n = 2 in Li+2 ion.
Statement-2: First four lines of Balmer series of H-atom belong to visible range.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-
1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
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(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
Match the column :
19. Column-I Column-II
(A) Electron moving in 2nd orbit in He+ ion (P) Radius of orbit in which
electron is moving is 0.529 A
(B) Electron moving in 3rd orbit in H-atom (Q) Total energy of electron is
(–)13.6 × 9eV
(C) Electron moving in 1st orbit in Li+2 ion (R) Velocity of electron is
2.188 106
m/sec.
3
(D) Electron moving in 2nd orbit is Be+3 ion (S) de-Broglie wavelength of

150
electron is A
13.6
20. Match the following :
(a) Energy of ground state of He+ (i) + 6.04 eV
(b) Potential energy of  orbit of H-atom (ii) –27.2 eV
(c) Kinetic energy of  excited state of He+ (iii) 54.4 V
(d) Ionisation potential of He+ (iv) – 54.4 eV
(A) a – (i), b – (ii), c – (iii), d – (iv) (B) a – (iv), b – (iii), c – (ii), d – (i)
(C) a – (iv), b – (ii), c – (i), d – (iii) (D) a – (ii), b – (iii), c – (i), d – (iv)

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21. Column I & Column II contain data on Schrodinger Wave–Mechanical model, where symbols
have their usual meanings. Match the columns.
Column I Column II (Type of orbital)

r

r
(A) (P) 4s

r4r2

(B) (Q) 5Px

(C) ( ) = K (independent of  & ) (R) 3s
(D) at least one angular node is present (S) 6dxy
Paragraph Question Number 22 to 24
The French physicist Louis de Broglie in 1924 postulated that matter, like radiation, should
exhibit a dual behavior. He proposed the following relationship between the wavelength  of a
material particle, its linear momentum p and Planck constant h.
h h
= =
p mv
The de Broglie relation implies that the wavelength of a particle should decreases as its velocity
increases. It also implies that for a given velocity heavier particles should have shorter
wavelength than lighter particles. The waves associated with particles in motion are called
matter waves or de Broglie waves. These waves differ from the electromagnetic waves as they
(i) have lower velocities
(ii) have no electrical and magnetic fields and
(iii) are not emitted by the particle under consideration.
The experimental confirmation of the de Broglie relation was obtained when Davisson and
Germer, in 1927, observed that a beam of electrons is diffracted by a nickel crystal. As
diffraction is a characteristic property of waves, hence the beam of electron behaves as a wave,
as proposed by de Broglie.
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how precisely we can measure properties of an
electron or other microscopic particle like electron. He determined that there is a fundamental

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limit of how closely we can measure both position and momentum. The more accurately we
measure the momentum of a particle, the less accurately we can determine its position. The
converse is also true. This is summed up in what we now call the "Heisenberg uncertainty
principle: It is impossible to determine simultaneously and precisely both the momentum and
position of a particle. The product of uncertainty in the position, x and the uncertainty in the
h
momentum (mv) must be greater than or equal to .i.e.
4
h
x (mv) 
4
22. The correct order of wavelength of Hydrogen (1H1), Deuterium (1H2) and Tritium (1H3) moving
with same kinetic energy is
(A) H > D > T (B) H = D = T (C) H < D < T (D) H < D > T
23. The transition, so that the de-Broglie wavelength of electron becomes 3 times of its initial value
in He+ ion will be
(A) 2 → 5 (B) 3 → 2 (C) 2 → 6 (D) 1 → 2
24. If the uncertainty in velocity & position is same, then the uncertainty in momentum will be
4m h h 1 h
(A) (B) m (C) (D)
4 4 4m m 4
Paragraph Question Number 25 to 27
After the failure of Bohr atomic theory but its ability to explain the atomic spectra a need was
felt for the new model that could incorporate, the concept of stationary orbit, de Broglie
concept, Heisenberg uncertainty principle. The concept that in corporate above facts is called
quantum mechanics of the atomic model wave mechanical model. It includes set of quantum
numbers and |2|a mathematical expression of the probability of finding an electron at all
points in space.

This probability function is the best indication available of how the electron behaves, for as a
consequence of the Uncertainty Principle, the amount we can know about the electron is
limited. While quantum mechanics can tell us the exact probability of finding an electron at any
two particular points, it does not tell us how the electron moves from one of these points to the

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(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
other. Thus the idea of an electron orbit is lost; it is replaced with a description of where the
electron is most likely to be found. This total picture of the probability of finding an electron at
various points in space is called an orbital.
There are various types of orbitals possible, each corresponding to one of the possible
combinations of quantum numbers. These orbitals are classified according to the value of n and
l associated with them. In order to avoid confusion over the use of two numbers, the numerical
values of l are replaced by letters; electrons in orbitals with l = 0 are called s-electrons those
occupying orbitals for which l = 1 are p-electrons and those for which l = 2 are called d-
electrons. The numerical and alphabetical correspondences are summarized in table. Using the
alphabetical notation for l, we would say that in the ground state of hydrogen atom (n = 1, l = 0)
we have a 1s-electron, or that the electron moves in a 1s-orbital. The relation of the spherical
polar co-ordinates r,  and  to Cartesian coordinates x, y and z. To make the concept of an
orbital more meaningful, it is helpful to examine the actual solution of the wave function for the
one-electron atom. Because of the spherical symmetry of the atom, the wave functions are most
simply expressed in terms of a spherical polar-coordinate system, shown in fig., which has its
orbit at the nucleus. It is found that the wave functions can be expressed as the product of two
functions, one of which (the “angular part” X) depends only the angle  and , the other of
which (the “radial part” R) depends only on the distance from the nucleus. Thus we have (r,
, ) = R(r) X (, )
Angular and radial parts of hydrogen atom wave functions
Angular part X( ) Radial part Rn, (r)
3/2
 1 
1/ 2
 z 
X(s) =   R(1s) = 2   e − /2
 4   a0 
3/ 2
 3 
1/ 2
1  z 
X(px) =   sin cos R(2s) =   (2 – ) e –/2
 4  2 2  a0 
3/ 2
 3 
1/ 2
1 z 
X(py) =   sin sin R(2p) =    e –/2
 4  2 6  a0 
1/ 2
 3 
X(pz) =   cos
 4 
1/ 2
 5 
X(dz2) =  (3 cos2 – 1)
 16 

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3/ 2
 15 
1/ 2
1  z 
X(dxz) =   sin cos cos R(3s) =   (6 − 6 + 2 )e−/2
 4  9 3  a0 
3/ 2
 15 
1/ 2
1  z 
X(dyz) =   sin cos sin R(3p) =   (4 − )e−/2
 4  9 6  a0 
3/ 2
1  z 
1/ 2
 15  2 e − /2
X(dx2 – y2) =   sin2 cos2 R(3d) =  
 4  9 30  a 0 
1/ 2
 15 
X(dxy) =   sin2 sin 2
 4 

2Zr h2
=  a0 = 2 2
na 0 4 me

This factorization helps us to visualize the wave function, since it allows us to consider the
angular and radial dependences separately. It contains the expression for the angular and radial
parts of the one electron atom wave function. Note that the angular part of the wave function
for an s-orbital it always the same, (1/4)1/2, regardless of principal quantum number. It is also
true that the angular dependence of the p-orbitals and of the d-orbitals is independent of
principle quantum number. Thus all orbitals of a given types (s, p, or d) have the same angular
behaviour The table shows, however, that the radial part of the wave function depends both on
the principal quantum number n and on the angular momentum quantum number l.
To find the wave function for a particular state, we simply multiply the appropriate angular and
radial parts together called normalized wave function.
The probability of finding an electron at a point within an atom is proportional to the square of
orbital wave function, i.e., 2 at that point. Thus, 2 is known as probability density and always
a positive quantity.
2dV represents the probability for finding electron in a small volume dV surrounding the
nucleus
25. The electron probability density for 1s-orbital is best represented by the relation
3/2 3
1 Z 1 Z 
r 2zr
− −
(A)   e a0
(B)    e 0
a

2   a0    a0 
3 3
1 Z  2 Z  −a
2zr 2zr
−
(C)    e 0 (D)   e 0
a

  a0    a0 

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26. If wave functions, (r, , ) of 2s and 2pz electrons in a hydrogen atom are given by

 r  − r/a0  r  − r/a0
(2s) = k1  2 − e and (2pz) = k2  e cos,
 a0   a0 
where a0 = 53 pm and let constants k1 = k2 . If the probability of finding the electron in 2s
orbital in a small spherical volume of radius r0 (r0 << a0) at r = a0 is P1 and of electron in 2pz
orbital in same spherical volume of radius r0 (r0 << a0) at r = a0 and  = 30° is P2 then :
(A) P1 > P2 (B) P1 = P2 (C) P1 < P2 (D) cannot be predicted
27. The angular wave function of which orbital will not disturb by the variation with azimuthal
angle
(A) 1s and 2s (B) 2pz and 2dz2 (C) 2px and 3dz2 (D) 2px and 2s

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EXERCISE # S-II

1. Find the distance of closest approach when an  particle is projected towards the nucleus of
silver atom having speed v. (mass of  particle = m, atomic number of Ag = 47)

2. An alpha particle after passing through a potential difference of 2 × 106 volt falls on a silver foil.
The atomic number of silver is 47. Calculate (i) the K.E. (in Joule) of the alpha-particle at the
time of falling on the foil. (ii) K.E. (in Joule) of the  – particle at a distance of 5 × 10–14m from
the nucleus, (iii) the shortest distance (in m) from the nucleus of silver to which the
-particle reaches.

3. A single electron ion has nuclear charge + Ze where Z is atomic number and e is electronic
charge. It requires 16.52 eV to excite the electron from the second Bohr orbit to third Bohr
orbit. Find
(a) The atomic number of element?
(b) The kinetic energy (in eV) and potential energy (in eV) of the electron in the first Bohr orbit.
(c) The energy required for transition of electron from first to third orbit?
(d) Wavelength of photon required to remove electron from first Bohr orbit to infinity?
(e) The kinetic energy of electron in first Bohr orbit?
4. The velocity of e– in a certain Bohr orbit of the hydrogen atom bears the ratio 1:275 to the
velocity of light. What is the quantum number "n" of the orbit and the wave number of the
radiation emitted for the transition from the quantum state (n + 1) to the ground state.
5. The angular momentum of an electron in a Bohr's orbit of H-atom is 3.1652×10–34 kg-m2/sec.
Calculate the wave number in terms of Rydberg’s constant (R) of the spectral line emitted when
an electron falls from this level to the ground state.[Use h = 6.626 × 10–34 Js]
6. A proton captures a free electron whose K.E. is zero & forms a hydrogen atom of lowest energy
level (n = 1). If a photon is emitted in this process, what will be the wavelength (in A) of
radiation? In which region of electromagnetic spectrum, will this radiation fall? (Ionisation
potential of hydrogen = 13.6 volt, h = 6.6 × 10–34K/s, C = 3.0 × 108 m/s)
7. 1.8 g hydrogen atoms are excited to radiations. The study of spectra indicates that 27% of the
atoms are in 3rd energy level and 15% of atoms in 2nd energy level and the rest in ground
state. If Ionisation energy of H is 21.7 × 10–12 erg. Calculate –
(i) Number of atoms present in III & II energy level.
(ii) Total energy (in kJ) evolved when all the atoms return to ground state.

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8. Electron present in single electron specie jumps from energy level 3 to 1. Emitted photons
when passed through a sample containing excited He+ ion causes further excitation to some
Z2
higher energy level (Given En = –13.6 ). Determine
n2
(i) Atomic number of single electron specie.
(ii) principal quantum number of initial excited level & higher energy level of He+.
9. The ionisation energy of the hydrogen atom is given to be 13.6 eV. A photon falls on a hydrogen
atom which is initially in the ground state and excites it to the (n = 4)state. Calculate the
wavelength (in A) of the photon.
10. The ionization energy of a H-like Bohr atom is 4 Rydberg.
(i) What is the wavelength (in A) of radiation emitted when the e– jumps from the first excited
state to the ground state.
(ii) What is the radius (in cm) of first Bohr orbit for this atom. [ 1 Rydberg = 2.18 × 10–18 J]
11. In the Bohr's model, for uni electronic species following symbols are used
rn,z ⎯→ Radius of nth orbit with atomic number "z"
Un,z ⎯→ Potential energy of electron in nth orbit with atomic number "z"
Kn,z ⎯→ Kinetic energy of electron in nth orbit with atomic number "z"
vn,z ⎯→ Velocity of electron in nth orbit with atomic number "z"
Tn,z ⎯→ Time period of revolution of electron in nth orbit with atomic number "z"
Calculate z in all in cases.

(i) U1, 2 : K1,z = – 8 : 1 (ii) r1,z : r2, 1 = 1 : 8

(iii) v1, z : v3, 1 = 9 : 1 (iv) T1, 2 : T2, z = 9 : 32
12. In a hypothetical H-atom the mass of electron & it charge is double of what we consider then
calculate the total energy (in eV) of electron in the Ist orbit of such a hypothetical H-atom ?
[Assuming all others concepts and parameter to be same as we considered in Bohr's
model.]
13. Photon having wavelength 12.4 nm was allowed to strike a metal plate having work function 25
eV. Calculate the
(a) Maximum kinetic energy (in eV) of photoelectrons emitted in eV.
(b) Wavelength (in A) of electron with maximum kinetic energy in A.
(c) Calculate the uncertainty in wavelength (in m) of emitted electron if the uncertainty in the
momentum is 6.62 × 10–28 Kg m/sec.

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14. An electron in Li2+ ion makes a transition from higher state n2 to lower state n1 = 6. The emitted
photons are used to ionize an electron in H–atom from 2nd excited state. The electron on leaving
the H–atom has a de–Broglie wavelength  = 12.016 A. Find the value of n2.

150
Note : Use (12.016)2 = 150 144  A = .
13.6 11 KE eV
15. The vapours of Hg absorb some electrons accelerated by a potential diff. of 4.5 volt as a result
of which light is emitted. If the full energy of single incident e– is supposed to be converted into
light emitted by single Hg atom, find the wave number (in m–1) of the light.
16. A potential difference of 20 KV is applied across an X-ray tube. Find the minimum wavelength
(in A) of X-ray generated.
ke2
17. Suppose the potential energy between electron and proton at a distance r is given by – .
3r 3
Bohr’s theory to obtain energy of such a hypothetical atom.
18. A cylindrical source of light which emits radiation radially (from curved surface) only, placed at
the centre of a hollow, metallic cylindrical surface, as shown in diagram.
The power of source is 90 watt and it emits light of wavelength 4000 A only. The emitted
photons strike the metallic cylindrical surface which results in ejection of photoelectrons. All
ejected photoelectrons reaches to anode (light source). The magnitude of photocurrent (in
amp) is [Given : h = 6.4 × 10–34 J/sec.]

19. He atom can be excited to 1s1 2p1 by  = 58.44 nm. If lowest excited state for He lies 4857cm–1
below the above. Calculate the energy for the lower excitation state.
20. Mr. Santa has to decode a number "ABCDEF" where each alphabet is represented by a single
digit. Suppose an orbital whose radial wave function is represented as
(r) = k2·e–r/k2 (r2 – 5k3r + 2 6k23 )
From the following information given about each alphabet then write down the answers in the
form of "ABCDEF", for above orbital.

APNI KAKSHA 93
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Info A = Value of n where "n" is principal quantum number
Info B = Number of angular nodes
Info C = Azimuthal quantum number of subshell to orbital belongs
Info D = Number of subshells having energy between (n + 5)s to (n + 5)p where n is principal
quantum number
Info E = Orbital angular momentum of given orbital.
Info F = Radial distance of the spherical node which is farthest from the nucleus
(Assuming k3= 1)

APNI KAKSHA 94
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
EXERCISE # (JEE-MAIN)

1. An atom has a mass of 0.02 kg and uncertainty in its velocity is 9.218 × 10–6 m/s then
uncertainty in position is (h = 6.626 × 10–34 Js) [AIEEE 2002]
(A) 2.86× 10–28 m (B) 2.86 × 10–32 cm (C) 1.5 × 10–27 m (D) 3.9 × 10–10 m
2. Energy of H- atom in the ground state is –13.6 eV, Hence energy in the second excited state is-
[AIEEE 2002]
(A) –6.8 eV (B) –3.4 eV (C) –1.51 eV (D) –4.3 eV
3. Uncertainty in position of a particle of 25 g in space is 10–5 m. Hence uncertainty in velocity
(ms–1) is (Planck's constant h = 6.6 × 10–34 Js) [AIEEE-2002]
(A) 2.1 × 10–28 (B) 2.1 × 10–34 (C) 0.5 × 10–34 (D) 5.0 × 20–24

4. The orbital angular momentum for an electron revolving in an orbit is given by ( + 1) . h .

2
This momentum for an s-electron will be given by [AIEEE-2003]
h 2 h
(A) 2. (B) + 1 . (C) zero (D)
2 2 2 2
5. The number of d-electrons retained in Fe2+ (At. number of Fe = 26) ion is : [AIEEE-2003]
(A) 6 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
6. The de Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball of mass 60 g moving with a velocity of 10 meters per
second is approximately : [AIEEE 2003]
(A) 10–25 meters (B) 10–33 meters (C) 10–31 meters (D) 10–16 meters
7. In Balmer series of lines of hydrogen spectrum, the third line from the red end corresponds to
which one of the following inter-orbit jumps of the electron for Bohr orbits in an atom of
hydrogen ? [AIEEE-2003]
(A) 2 → 5 (B) 3 → 2 (C) 5 → 2 (D) 4 → 1

8. Which of the following sets of quantum number is correct for an electron in 4f orbital ?
[AIEEE-2004]

(A) n = 3, l = 2, m = – 2, s = + 1 (B) n = 4, l = 4, m = – 4, s = – 1
2 2

(C) n = 4, l = 3, m = + 1, s = + 1 (D) n = 4, l = 3, m = + 4, s = + 1
2 2
9. The wavelength of the radiation emitted, when in a hydrogen atom electron falls from infinity
to stationary state 1, would be (Rydberg constant = 1.097× 107 m–1) : [AIEEE-2004]
(A) 9.1 × 10–8 nm (B) 192 nm (C) 406 nm (D) 91 nm

APNI KAKSHA 95
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
10. Which of the following statements in relation to the hydrogen atom is correct ?
(A) 3s, 3p and 3d orbitals all have the same energy [AIEEE-2005]
(B) 3s and 3p orbitals are of lower energy than 3d orbitals
(C) 3p orbital is lower in energy than 3d orbital
(D) 3s orbitals is lower in energy than 3p orbital
11. According to Bohr's theory angular momentum of electron in 5th shell is : [AIEEE-2006]
(A) 1.0 h/ (B) 10 h/ (C) 2.5 h/ (D) 25 h/
12. Uncertainty in the position of an electron (mass = 9.1 × 10–31 Kg) moving with a velocity 300
ms–1, accurate upto 0.001%, will be :- (h = 6.63 × 10–34 Js) [AIEEE-2006]
(A) 5.76 × 10–2 m (B) 1.92 × 10–2 m (C) 3.84 × 10–2 m (D) 19.2 × 10–2 m
13. The ionziation enthalpy of hydrogen atom is 1.312 x 106 J mol–1. The energy required to excite
the electron in the atom from n =1 to n =2 is [AIEEE-2008]
(A) 8.51 x 105 J mol–1 (B) 6.56 x 105 J mol–1
(C) 7.56 x 105 J mol–1 (D) 9.84 x 105 J mol–1
14. In an atom, an electron is moving with a speed of 600 m/s with an accuracy of 0.005%.
Certainty with which the position of the electron can be located is (h = 6.6 × 10–34 kg m2 s–1,
mass of electron, em = 9.1 × 10–31 kg): [AIEEE-2009]
(A) 1.92 × 10–3 m (B) 3.84 × 10–3 m (C) 1.52 × 10–4 m (D) 5.10 × 10–3 m
15. Calculate the wavelength (in nanometer) associated with a proton moving at 1.0 × 103 ms–1
(Mass of proton = 1.67 × 10–27 kg and h = 6.63 × 10–34 Js) : [AIEEE-2009]
(A) 2.5 nm (B) 14.0 nm (C) 0.032 nm (D) 0.40 nm

16. The energy required to break one mole of Cl–Cl bonds in Cl2 is 242 kJ mol–1. The longest
wavelength of light capable of breaking a single Cl–Cl bond is
(C = 3 × 108 ms–1 and NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1 ) [AIEEE-2010]
(A) 494 nm (B) 594 nm (C) 640 nm (D) 700 nm
17. Ionisation energy of He+ is 19.6 × 10–18 J atom–1. The energy of the first stationary state (n = 1)
of Li2+ is: [AIEEE-2010]
(A) 8.82 × 10–17 J atom–1 (B) 4.41 × 10–16 J atom–1
(C) –4.41 × 10–17 J atom–1 (D) –2.2 × 10–15 J atom–1
18. A gas absorbs a photon of 355 nm and emits at two wavelengths. If one of the emissions is at
680 nm, the other is at : [AIEEE-2011]
(A) 743 nm (B) 518 nm (C) 1035 nm (D) 325 nm

APNI KAKSHA 96
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
19. The frequency of light emitted for the transition n = 4 to n = 2 of He+ is equal to the transition
in H atom corresponding to which of the following [AIEEE-2011]
(A) n = 3 to n = 1 (B) n = 2 to n = 1 (C) n = 3 to n = 2 (D) n = 4 to n = 3
20. The electrons identified by quantum numbers n and l : [AIEEE-2012]
(a) n = 4 ,  = 1 (b) n = 4,  = 0 (c) n = 3,  = 2 (d) n = 3,  = 1

Can be placed in order of increasing energy as

(A) (a) < (c) < (b) < (d) (B) (c) < (d) < (b) < (a)
(C) (d) < (b) < (c) < (a) (D) (b) < (d) < (a) < (c)
21. If the kinetic energy of an electron is increased four times, the wavelength of the de-Broglie
wave associated with it would become : [JEE-Main(online) 2012]
(A) Two times (B) Half (C) One fourth (D) Four times
22. If the radius of first orbit of H atom is a0, the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron in the third
orbit is : [JEE-Main(online) 2012]
(A) 6  a0 (B) 8  a0 (C) 2  a0 (D) 4  a0
23. The wave number of the first emission line in the Balmer series of H-Spectrum is :
(R = Rydberg constant) :
9 5 7
(A) 3 R (B) R (C) R (D) R
4 400 36 6
24. The de Broglie wavelength of a car of mass 1000 kg and velocity 36 km/hr is :
(h = 6.63 × l0–34 Js) [JEE-Main(online) 2013]
(A) 6.626 × l0–31 m (B) 6.626 × 10–34 m (C) 6.626 × 10–38 m (D) 6.626 × 10–30 m
25. For which of the following particles will it be most difficult to experimentally verify the de-
Broglie relationship? [JEE-Main(online) 2014]
(A) a dust particle (B) an electron (C) a proton (D) an a-particle
26. If the binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV, the energy required to
remove the electron from the first excited state of Li++ is : [JEE-Main(online) 2014]
(A) 13.6 eV (B) 30.6 eV (C) 122.4 eV (D) 3.4 eV
27. Based on the equation [JEE-Main(online) 2014]

 1 1 
E = –2.0 × 10–18 J  2
− 2
 2 n1 
n
the wavelength of the light that must be absorbed to excite hydrogen electron from level n = 1
to level n = 2 will be (h = 6.625 × 10–34 Js, C = 3 × 108 ms–1)
(A) 2.650 × 10–7 m (B) 1.325 × 10–7 m (C) 1.325 × 10–10 m (D) 5.300 × 10–10 m

APNI KAKSHA 97
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
28. If 0 and  be the threshold wavelength and wavelength of incident light, the velocity of
photoelectron ejected from the metal surface is [JEE-Main(online) 2014]

2hc   0 −   2h  1 1  2h 2hc
(A)   (B)  −  (C) ( 0 −  ) (D) ( 0 −  )
m   0  m  0   m m

29. Ionization energy of gaseous Na atoms is 495.5 kjmol–1. The lowest possible frequency of light
that ionizes a sodium atom is
(h = 6.626 × 10–34 Js, NA = 6.022 × 1023 mol–1) [JEE-Main(online) 2014]
(A) 3.15 × 1015 s–1 (B) 4.76 × 1014 s–1 (C) 1.24 × 1015 s–1 (D) 7.50 × 104 s–1
30. Which of the following is the energy of a possible excited state of hydrogen?
[JEE-Main(offline) 2015]
(A) –3.4 eV (B) +6.8 eV (C) +13.6 eV (D) –6.8 eV
31. At temperature T, the average kinetic energy of any particle is kT- The de Broglie wavelength
follows the order : [JEE-Main(online) 2015]
(A) Visible photon > Thermal electron > Thermal neutron
(B)Thermal proton > Thermal electron > Visible photon
(C)Visible photon > Thermal neutron > Thermal electron
(D) Thermal proton > Visible photon > Thermal electron
32. The radius of the second Bohr orbit for hydrogen atom is : [JEE Main 2017]
(Plank's const. h = 6.6262 × 10–34 Js
mass of electron = 9.1091 × 10–31 kg
charge of electron e = 1.60210 × 10–19 C
permittivity of vacuum 0 = 8.854185 ×10–12 kg–1 m–3 A2)
(A) 1.65A (B) 4.76A (C) 0.529A (D) 2.12A
33. For emission line of atomic hydrogen from ni = 8 to nf = the plot of wave number
 −  against  1  will be (The Rydberg constant, R is in wave number unit).
  2 H
  n 
[JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
(A) Linear- with slope - RH (B) Linear with intercept - RH
(C) Non linear (D) Linear with slope RH
34. Which of the following combination of statements is true regarding the interpretation of the
atomic orbitals ? [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
(a) An electron in an orbital of high angular momentum stays away from the nucleus than an
electron in the orbital of lower angular momentum.

APNI KAKSHA 98
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
(b) For a given value of the principal quantum number, the size of the orbit is inversely
proportional to the azimuthal quantum number.
h
(c) According to wave mechanics, the ground state angular momentum is equal to .
2
(d) The plot of  Vs r for various azimuthal quantum numbers, shows peak shifting towards
higher r value.
(A) (a), (c) (B) (a), (d) (C) (b), (c) (D) (a), (b)
35. Which of the graphs shown below does not represent the relationship between incident light
and the electron ejected from metal surface? [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

36. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13.6 eV. The energy of second excited state He+
ion in eV is : [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
(A) –54.4 (B) –6.04 (C) –3.4 (D) –27. 2
37. Heat treatment of muscular pain involves radiation of wavelength of about 900 nm. Which
spectral line of H-atom is suitable for this purpose ? [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
[RH = 1 × 105 cm–1, h = 6.6 × 10–34 Js, c = 3 × 108 ms–1]
(A) Paschen, 5 → 3 (B) Balmer,  → 2 (C) Lyman,  → 1 (D) Paschen,  → 3
38. The de Broglie wavelength () associated with a photoelectron varies with the frequency (v) of
the incident radiation as, [v0 is threshold frequency] : [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
1 1 1 1
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D)  
1 1
(v – v0 ) 3
(v – v0 ) 2
(v – v0 ) 4
(v – v0 ) 2

39. What is the work function of the metal if the light of wavelength 4000 A generates
photoelectrons of velocity 6 × 105 ms–1 form it ?
(Mass of electron = 9 × 10–31 kg
Velocity of light = 3 × 108 ms–1
Planck's constant = 6.626 × 10–34 Js
Charge of electron = 1.6 × 10–19 JeV–1) [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
APNI KAKSHA 99
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
(A) 2.1 eV (B) 3.1 eV (C) 0.9 eV (D) 4.0 eV
40. If the de Broglie wavelength of the electron in nth Bohr orbit in a hydrogenic atom is equal to
1.5 a0(a0 is Bohr radius), then the value of n/z is : [JEE Main (Jan.) 2019]
(A) 0.40 (B) 0.75 (C) 1.0 (D) 1.50
41. The quantum number of four electrons are given below : [JEE Main (April) 2019]
1 1
I. n = 4, l = 2, ml = – 2, ms = – II. n = 3, l = 2, ml = 1, ms = +
2 2
1 1
III. n = 4, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = + IV. n = 3, l = 1, ml = 1, ms = –
2 2
(A) I < III < II < IV (B) IV < III < II < I (C) I < II < III < I (D) IV < II < III < I
42. If p is the momentum of the fastest electron ejected from a metal surface after the irradiation of
light having wavelength , then for 1.5 p momentum of the photoelectron, the wavelength of
the light should be : (Assume kinetic energy of ejected photoelectron to be very high in
comparison to work function) : [JEE Main (April) 2019]
3 4 1 2
(A)  (B)  (C)  (D) 
4 9 2 3
43. For any given series of spectral lines of atomic hydrogen, let  = max – min be the difference in

maximum and minimum frequencies in cm–1. The ratio  Lyman / Balmer is:

[JEE Main (April) 2019]

(A) 4 : 1 (B) 5 : 4 (C) 9 : 4 (D) 27 : 4
44. Which one of the following about an electron occupying the 1s orbital in a hydrogen atom is incorrect
? (The Bohr radius is represented by a0) [JEE Main (April) 2019]
(A) The electron can be found at a distance 2a0 from the nucleus
(B) The total energy of the electron is maximum when it is at a distance a0 from the nucleus.
(C) The magnitude of potential energy is double that of its kinetic energy on an average.
(D) The probability density of finding the electron is maximum at the nucleus.
45. The graph between ||2 and r(radial distance) is shown below. This represents:
[JEE Main (April) 2019]

(A) 1s orbital (B) 3s orbital (C) 2s orbital (D) 2p orbital

APNI KAKSHA 100

(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
46. The ratio of the shortest wavelength of two special series of hydrogen spectrum is found to be
about 9. The spectral series are : [JEE Main (April) 2019]
(A) Paschen and Pfund (B) Balmer and Brackett
(C) Lyman and Paschen (D) Brackett and Pfund
47. The electrons are more likely to be found: [JEE Main (April) 2019]

(A) only in the region c (B) in the region a and c

(C) only in the region a (D) in the region a and b
48. The figure that is not a direct manifestation of the quantum nature of atoms is :
[Jee Main, 2020]

(A) (B)

(C) (C)
49. The radius of the second Bohr orbit, in terms of the Bohr radius, a0, in Li2+ is :
[Jee Main, 2020]
2a 0 4a 0 2a 0 4a 0
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 9 9

1 1
50. For the Balmer series in the spectrum of H atom,  = R H  2 − 2  , the correct statements
 n1 n 2 
among (I) to (IV) are : [Jee Main, 2020]
(I) As wavelength decreases, the lines in the series converge
(II) The integer n1 is equal to 2
(III) The lines of longest wavelength corresponds to n2 = 3
(IV) The ionization energy of hydrogen can be calculated from wave number of these lines

APNI KAKSHA 101

(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
(A) (I), (III), (IV) (B) (I), (II), (III) (C) (II), (III), (IV) (D) (I), (II), (IV)
51. The work function of sodium metal is 4.41 × 10–19 J. If photons of wavelength 300 nm are
incident on the metal, the kinetic energy of the ejected electrons will be (h = 6.63 × 10–34 J s; c =
3 × 108 m/s) _________ × 10–21 J. [Jee Main, 2020]
52. The correct statement about probability density (except at infinite distance from nucleus) is :
[Jee Main, 2020]
(A) It can negative for 2p orbital (B) It can be zero for 1s orbital
(C) It can never be zero for 2s orbital (D) It can be zero for 3p orbital

53. If the Thompson model of the atom was correct, then the result of Rutherford's gold foil
experiment would have been : [JEE Main, July 2021]
(A) All of the -particles pass through the gold foil without decrease in speed.
(B) -Particles are deflected over a wide range of angles.
(C) All -particles get bounced back by 180°
(D) -Particles pass through the gold foil deflected by small angles and with reduced speed.

54. A 50 watt bulb emits monochromatic red light of wavelength of 795 nm. The number of
photons emitted per second by the bulb is x × 1020. The value of x is _________.
[Given : h = 6.63 × 10–34 Js and c = 3.0 × 108 ms–1] [JEE Main, August 2021]

55. According to Bohr's atomic theory :- [JEE Main, Feb 2021]

Z2
(A) Kinetic energy of electron is 
n2
(B) The product of velocity (v) of electron and principal quantum number (n), 'vn'  Z2
Z3
(C) Frequency of revolution of electron in an orbit is 
n3
Z3
(D) Coulombic force of attraction on the electron is 
n4
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
(A) (C) Only
(B) (A) Only
(C) (A), (C) and (D) only
(D) (A) and (D) only

APNI KAKSHA 102

(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
56. What is the spin-only magnetic moment value (BM) of a divalent metal ion with atomic number 25,
in it's aqueous solution? [JEE Main, March 2021]
(A) 5.92 (B) 5.0 (C) zero (D) 5.26
57. The Azimuthal quantum number for the valence electrons of Ga+ ion is_________. (Atomic
number of Ga = 31)
[JEE Main, July 2021]

58. The wavelength of an electron and a neutron will become equal when the velocity of the
electron is x times the velocity of neutron. The value of x is ____. (Nearest Integer)
(Mass of electron is 9.1 × 10–31 kg and mass of neutron is 1. 6 × 10–27 kg)
[JEE Main, July 2022]

59. The minimum uncertainty in the speed of an electron in an one dimensional region of length
2a0 (Where a0 = Bohr radius 52.9 pm) is____________ km s–1.
(Given: Mass of electron = 9.1 × 10–31 kg, Planck's constant h = 6.63 × 10–34 Js)
[JEE Main, July 2022]
60. Identify the incorrect statement from the following.
(A) A circular path around the nucleus in which an electron moves is proposed as Bohr's orbit.
(B) An orbital is the one electron wave function () in an atom.
(C) The existence of Bohr's orbits is supported by hydrogen spectrum.
(D) Atomic orbital is characterized by the quantum numbers n and l only
[JEE Main, July 2022]
61. Which of the following is the correct plot for the probability density (r) as a function of
distance 'r' of the electron form the nucleus for 2s orbital? [JEE Main, June 2022]

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

APNI KAKSHA 103

(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE

62. Consider the following statements: [JEE Main, June 2022]

(A) The principal quantum number ‘n’ is a positive integer with values of ‘n’ = 1, 2, 3,….
(B) The azimuthal quantum number ‘l’ for a given ‘n’ (principal quantum number) can have
values as ‘l’ = 0, 1, 2, …. n
(C) Magnetic orbital quantum number ‘ml’ for a particular ‘l’ (azimuthal quantum number) has
(2l + 1) values.
(D) ±1/2 are the two possible orientations of electron spin.
(E) For l = 5, there will be a total of 9 orbital.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(A) (A), (B) and (C)
(B) (A), (C), (D) and (E)
(C) (A), (C) and (D)
(D) (A), (B), (C) and (D)

63. Consider the following pairs of electrons [JEE Main, June 2022]
1
(A) (a) n = 3, 1 = 1, m1 = 1, ms = +
2
1
(b) n = 3, 1 = 2, m1 = 1, ms = +
2
1
(B) (a) n = 3, 1 = 2, m1 = – 2, ms = –
2
1
(b) n = 3, 1 = 2, m1 = –1, ms = –
2
1
(C) (a) n = 4, 1 = 2, m1 = 2, ms = +
2
1
(b) n = 3, 1 = 2, m1 = 2, ms = +
2
The pairs of electron present in degenerate orbitals is/are:
(A) Only A (B) Only B (C) Only C (D) (B) and (C)

APNI KAKSHA 104

(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
EXERCISE # (JEE-ADVANCED)
1. The quantum numbers +1/2 and –1/2 for the electron spin represent: [JEE 2001]
(A) rotation of the electron in clockwise and anticlockwise direction respectively.
(B) rotation of the electron in anticlockwise and clockwise direction respectively.
(C) magnetic moment of the electron pointing up and down respectively.
(D) two quantum mechanical spin states which have no classical analogue
2. Rutherford’s experiment , which established the nuclear model of atom, used a beam of :–
(A)  - particles, which impinged on a metal foil and get absorbed. [JEE 2002]
(B)  - rays, which impinged on a metal foil and ejected electron.
(C) Helium atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered.
(D) Helium nuclei, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered.
3. The magnetic moment of cobalt of the compound Hg[Co(SCN)4] is [Given : Co+2]
[JEE 2004]

(A) 3 (B) 8 (C) 15 (D) 24

4. The radius of which of the following orbit is same as that of the first Bohr’s orbit of hydrogen
atom? [JEE 2004]
(A) He+ (n = 2) (B) Li2+ (n = 2) (C) Li2+ (n = 3) (D) Be3+ (n = 2)
5. (a) The Schrodinger wave equation for hydrogen atom is [IIT-2004]

 r0 
3/ 2
1  1 
2s =    2 −  e–r/a
4 ( 2 )
1/ 2
 a0   a0 
Where a0 is Bohr's radius. Let the radial node in 2s be at r0. Then find r0 in terms of a0.
(b) A base ball having mass 100 g moves with velocity 100 m/s. find out the value of
wavelength of base ball.
6. (a) Calculate velocity of electron in first Bohr orbit of hydrogen atom (Given r = a0)
(b) Find de-Broglie wavelength of the electron in first Bohr orbit. [IIT-2005]
(c) Find the orbital angular momentum of 2p-orbital in terms of h/2 units.
7. Given in hydrogenic atom rn, Vn, E, Kn stand for radius, potential energy, total energy and kinetic
energy in nth orbit. Find the value of U,v,x,y. [JEE 2006]

(A) U = Vn (P) 1
Kn

1
(B)  Ex (Q) –2
rn

(C) rn  Zy (R) –1
(Z = Atomic number)
APNI KAKSHA 105
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
(D) v = (Orbital angular momentum of electron (S) 0
in its lowest energy )
8. Match the entries in Column I with the correctly related quantum number(s) in Column II.
Indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the 4 × 4 matrix given in the
ORS. [JEE 2008]
Column I Column II
(A) Orbital angular momentum of the (P) Principal quantum number
electron in a hydrogen-like atomic orbital
(B) A hydrogen-like one-electron wave (Q) Azimuthal quantum number
function obeying Pauli principle
(C) Shape, size and orientation of hydrogen (R) Magnetic quantum number
like atomic orbitals
(D) Probability density of electron at the nucleus (S) Electron spin quantum
number in hydrogen-like atom

Paragraph for questions 9 to 11

The hydrogen-like species Li2+ is in a spherically symmetric state S1 with one radial node. Upon
absorbing light the ion undergoes transition to a state S2. The state S2 has one radial node and
its energy is equal to the ground state energy of the hydrogen atom. [JEE 2010]
9. The state S1 is :-
(A) 1s (B) 2s (C) 2p (D) 3s
10. Energy of the state S1 in units of the hydrogen atom ground state energy is :-
(A) 0.75 (B) 1.50 (C) 2.25 (D) 4.50
11. The orbital angular momentum quantum number of the state S2 is :-
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
12. The maximum number of electrons that can have principal quantum number, n=3, and spin
quantum number, ms = – 1/2, is [JEE 2011]
13. The work function () of some metals is listed below. The number of metals which will show
photoelectric effect when light of 300 nm wavelength falls on the metal is : – [JEE 2011]
Metal Li Na K Mg Cu Ag Fe Pt W

2.4 2.3 2.2 3.7 4.8 4.3 4.7 6.3 4.75

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(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
14. The kinetic energy of an electron in the second Bohr orbit of a hydrogen atom is
[a0 is Bohr radius] [JEE 2012]
h2 h2 h2 h2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
42 ma 02 162 ma 02 322 ma 02 642ma 02

15. The atomic masses of He and Ne are 4 and 20 a.m.u. respectively. The value of the de Broglie
wavelength of He gas at –73 ºC is "M" times that of the de Broglie wavelength of Ne at 727 ºC. M
is. [JEE 2013]
1
16. In an atom, the total number of electrons having quantum numbers n = 4, |m| = 1 and ms = –
2
is [JEE 2014]
17. P is the probability of finding the 1s electron of hydrogen atom in a spherical shell of
infinitesimal thickness, dr, at a distance r from the nucleus. The volume of this shell is 4r2dr.
The qualitative sketch of the dependence of P on r is - [JEE 2016]
P P

(A) (B)

O r O r
P P

(C) (D)

O r O r

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(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Paragraph for questions 18 to 20
The wave function, Ψ𝑛,𝑙, m𝑙 is a mathematical function whose value depends upon spherical
polar coordinates (𝑟, 𝜃, 𝜙) of the electron and characterized by the quantum numbers n, 𝑙 and
m𝑙 . Here r is distance from nucleus, 𝜃 is colatitude and 𝜙 is azimuth. In the mathematical
functions given in the table, 𝑍 is atomic number and 𝑎0 is Bohr radius.

[JEE Adv. 2017]

Column 1 Column 2 Column 3

(I) 1s orbital (i) 𝜓n,𝑙, m𝑙 ∝
3 zr
Z 2 −( )
(a ) e a0
0

(P)
(ii) One radial node (Q) Probability density at nucleus ∝ a3
1
0

(II) 2s orbital
(III) 2𝑝𝑧 orbital 5
Z 2 (R) Probability density is maximum at
(iii) 𝜓n,𝑙, m𝑙 ∝ (a ) re
0 nucleus
zr
−( )
𝑒 2a0 cos⁡ 𝜃

(IV) 3𝑑𝑧 2 (S) Energy needed to excite electron from

orbital 27
(iv) xy-plane is a nodal 𝑛 = 2 state to 𝑛 = 4 state is 32 times the
energy needed to excite electron from 𝑛 =
2 state to n = 6 state
plane

18. For the given orbital in Column 1, the only CORRECT combination for any hydrogen- like
species is
(A) (IV) (iv) (R) (B) (II) (ii) (P) (C) (III) (iii) (P) (D) (I) (ii) (S)
19. For He+ ion, the only INCORRECT combination is
(A) (II) (ii) (Q)v (B) (I) (i) (S) (C) (I) (i) (R) (D) (I) (iii) (R)
20. For hydrogen atom, the only CORRECT combination is
(A) (I) (iv) (R) (B) (I) (i) (P) (C) (II) (i) (Q) (D) (I) (i) (S)

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(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
21. For He+ the electron is in orbit with energy equal to 3.4eV. The azimuthal quantum number for
that orbit is 2 and magnetic quantum number is 0 . Then which of the following is/are correct.
[JEE Adv. 2019]
(a) The subshell is 4 d.
(b) The number of angular nodes in it is 2 .
(c) The numbers of radial nodes in it is 3 .
(d) The nuclear charge experienced in 𝑛 = 4 is 2𝑒 less than that in 𝑛 = 1, where e is electric
charge.
22. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13.6 eV. Consider an electronic state  of He+
whose energy; azimuthal quantum number and magnetic quantum number are –3.4 eV, 2 and
0, respectively. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true for the state ?
[JEE Adv. 2019]
(1) It has 2 angular nodes
(2) It has 3 radial nodes
(3) The nuclear charge experienced by the electron in this state is less than 2e, where e is the
magnitude of the electronic charge
(4) It is a 4d state.
23. Answer the following by appropriately matching the lists based on the information given in the
paragraph
Consider the Bohr’s model of a one electron atom where the electron moves around the
nucleus, In the following, List-I contains some quantities for the nth orbit of the atom and List-II
contains showing how they depend on n. [JEE Adv. 2019]
List-I List-II
(I) Radius of the nth orbit (P)  n–2
(II) Angular momentum of the electron in the nth orbit (Q)  n–1
(III) Kinetic energy of the electron in the nth orbit (R)  n0
(IV) Potential energy of the electron in the nth orbit (S)  n1
(T)  n2
(U)  n1/2
Which of the following options has the correct combination considering List-I and List-II?
(1) (I), (T) (2) (II), (Q) (3) (I), (P) (4) (II), (R)
24. The figure below is the plot of potential energy versus internuclear distance (𝑑) of H2 molecule
in the electronic ground state. What is the value of the net potential energy 𝐸0 (as indicated in
the figure) in kJmol−1, for 𝑑 = 𝑑0 at which the electron-electron repulsion and the nucleus-
nucleus repulsion energies are absent? As reference, the potential energy of H atom is taken as
zero when its electron and the nucleus are infinitely far apart.
Use Avogadro constant as 6.023 × 1023 mol−1 . [JEE Adv. 2020]
APNI KAKSHA 109
(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE

25. Consider a helium ( He) atom that absorbs a photon of wavelength 330 nm. The change in the
velocity (in cms −1 ) of the He atom after the photon absorption is
(Assume: Momentum is conserved when the photon is absorbed.
Use: Planck constant = 6.6 × 10−34 J s, Avogadro number = 6 × 1023 mol−1 , Molar mass of
He = 4 g mol−1 ) [JEE Adv. 2021]

26. For He∗ , a transition takes place from the orbit of radius 105.8pm to the orbit of radius
26.45pm. The wavelength (in nm ) of the emitted photon during the transition is
[Use:
Bohr radius, 𝑎 = 52.9pm
Rydberg constant, R H = 2.2 × 10−18 J
Planck's constant, ℎ = 6.6 × 10−34 Js
Speed of light, 𝑐 = 3 × 108 ms −1 ] [JEE Adv. 2023]

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(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE O-I
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (D) 5. (D) 6. (A) 7. (A)
8. (A) 9. (B) 10. (C) 11. (A) 12. (A) 13. (C) 14. (B)
15. (D) 16. (D) 17. (C) 18. (B) 19. (D) 20. (C) 21. (A)
22. (A) 23. (C) 24. (B) 25. (B) 26. (B) 27. (A) 28. (A)
29. (C) 30. (C) 31. (A) 32. (B) 33. (D) 34. (D) 35. (B)
36. (C) 37. (D) 38. (C) 39. (C) 40. (B) 41. (B) 42. (A)
43. (C) 44. (A) 45. (A) 46. (B) 47. (D) 48. (B) 49. (C)
50. (B) 51. (D) 52. (C) 53. (B) 54. (C) 55. (A) 56. (B)
57. (B) 58. (A) 59. (B) 60. (C) 61. (B) 62. (C) 63. (A)
64. (A) 65. (C) 66. (C) 67. (C)
EXERCISE S-I
1. (2.7 × 10–14) 2. (6.5 × 10–15 m) 3. (621.1 eV) 4. (1.56 × 1016)
5. (200 watt.) 6. (1.35×105) 7. (1022) 8. (239.4 KJ/mol.)
9. (1403 KJ/mol) 10. (0.527) 11. (6235 A) 12. (8.68%)
13. (3 × 1022) 14. (7.27 × 105 m/s) 15. (– 1.36 × 10–19 Joules)
16. (5.44 × 105 m/s) 17. (h/) 18. (2) 19. (3)
20. (A = 2, B = 4) 21. (12 V) 22. (113.74 A) 23. (10.2 eV , z = 2)
9
24. (6530×1012Hz) 25. (32) 26. 8×106 27. (6)

28. (4) 29. (6) 30. (n = 4 to n = 2)

31. (v = 7.3 × 1014 Hz, visible spectrum) 32. (1.827 × 105 J/mol)
33. (3) 34. (6563 A ; 1216 A ; 1026 A) 35. (8)
36. (20) 37. (4.5 ×1014 s–1) 38. (31 nm) 39. (319.2 KJ/mol)
40. (3.09 × 108 cm/sec) 41. (3.06 V) 42. (ve = 1836 vp) 43. (6.15 A)
44. (4.71 A) 45. (0.0826 volts) 46. (3.68 × 10–65 m)
20
47. (63) 48. (5 A) 49. (3) 50. (8)

51. (1.05×10–13 m) 52. (8) 53. (100 gm)

54. (a)4, (b)2, (c)3, (d)1 55. (11) 56. (2) 57. (1)
9+3 3
58. ( a0)
2

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(Physical Chemistry) ATOMIC STRUCTURE
EXERCISE O-II
1. (ABD) 2. (BCD) 3. (BD) 4. (AC) 5. (BC) 6. (BCD) 7. (BD)
8. (BCD) 9. (CD) 10. (ACD) 11. (ACD) 12. (B,C) 13. (CD) 14. (BC)
15. (B,C) 16. (B) 17. (A) 18. (D) 19. (A)-S, (B)-R, (C)-Q, (D)-P
20. (C) 21. (A)-P, (B)-P,Q,S, (C)-P, R (D)-Q,S 22. (A) 23. (C) 24. (A)
25. (B) 26. (A) 27. (A)
EXERCISE S-II
188𝐾𝑒 2
1. 2. 6.4×10–13 J, 2.1×10–13J, 3.4×10–14m
𝑚𝛼 𝑣 2

3. (a) Z = 3,(b) 122.4 eV & - 244.8 eV, (c) 108.8 eV, (d) 1.013 × 10–8 m , (e) 122.4 eV
𝟖
4. 2 ; 9.75 × 104 cm–1 5. 𝑹 (𝟗 ) 6. 910 A ;U.V.
7. 2.92×1023 atoms, 1.62 ×1023 atoms, 8.32 × 102 KJ 8. 2 to 6
9. 972.5 A 10. 303.89 A , 2.645 × 10–9 cm
11. 1,2,3,3 12. – 435.2 eV
13. (a) 75 eV ; (b) 1.414 A ; (c) 2 × 10–14 m 14. (12)
n6h6
15. 3.63 ×106 m–1 16. 0.62 A 17. E=
384m3K 2e 4 6
1 nhc
18. P= 19. 3.3 × 10–18 J 20. 300303
3 λt

JEE MAIN
1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (C) 5. (A) 6. (B) 7. (C)
8. (C) 9. (D) 10. (A) 11. (C) 12. (B) 13. (D) 14. (A)
15. (D) 16. (A) 17. (C) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (C) 21. (B)
22. (A) 23. (C) 24. (C) 25. (A) 26. (A) 27. (B) 28. (A)
29. (C) 30. (A) 31. (A) 32. (D) 33. (D) 34. (B) 35. (B)
36. (B) 37. (D) 38. (A) 39. (A) 40. (B) 41. (B) 42. (B)
43. (C) 44. (B) 45. (C) 46. (C) 47. (B) 48. (B) 49. (B)
50. (B) 51. (222.00) 52. (D) 53. (D) 54. (2) 55. (C) 56. (A)
57. (0) 58. (1758) 59. (548) 60. (D) 61. (B) 62. (C) 63. (B)
JEE ADVANCED
1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (D) 5. ((a) r0 = 2a0 (b) 6.626 × 10–25 A)
h
6. ((a) 2.197 × 106 m/s (b) 3.31 A (c) 2. ) 7. (A) Q, (B) P, (C) R, (D) S
2
8. ((A) → (Q,R); (B) → (P,Q,R,S) ; (C) → (P,Q,R) ; (D) → (P,Q)) 9. (B) 10. (C)
11. (B) 12. (9) 13. (4) 14. (C) 15. (5) 16. (6) 17. (B)
18. (D) 19. (D) 20. (A,D) 21. (AB) 22. (1) 23. (B)
24. (−𝟓𝟐𝟒𝟐. 𝟒𝟐) 25. (30) 26. (30)

APNI KAKSHA 112