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Network Topology

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42 views10 pages

Network Topology

Uploaded by

vickroid007
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© © All Rights Reserved
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A network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of nodes

and connections in a network. Nodes usually include devices such as


switches, routers and software with switch and router features.
Bus topology is a network type in which every computer and network device is
connected to single cable. When it has exactly two endpoints, then it is called Linear
 Features of Bus Topology
 It transmits data only in one direction.
 Every device is connected to a single cable.
Advantages of Bus Topology
 It is cost effective.
 Cable required is least compared to other network topology.
 Used in small networks.
 It is easy to understand.
 Easy to expand joining two cables together.
 Disadvantages of Bus Topology
 Cables fails then whole network fails.
 If network traffic is heavy or nodes are more the performance of the network
decreases.
 Cable has a limited length.
 It is slower than the ring topology.
It is called ring topology because it forms a ring as each computer is connected to
another computer, with the last one connected to the first. Exactly two neighbours
for each device.
 Features of Ring Topology

 A number of repeaters are used for Ring topology with


large number of nodes, because if someone wants to
send some data to the last node in the ring topology
with 100 nodes, then the data will have to pass
through 99 nodes to reach the 100th node. Hence to
prevent data loss repeaters are used in the network
 The transmission is unidirectional, but it can be made
bidirectional by having 2 connections between each
Network Node, it is called Dual Ring Topology.
 In Dual Ring Topology, two ring networks are formed, and data flow is in opposite
direction in them. Also, if one ring fails, the second ring can act as a backup, to keep the
network up.
 Data is transferred in a sequential manner that is bit by bit. Data transmitted, has to pass
through each node of the network, till the destination node.
 Advantages of Ring Topology
 Transmitting network is not affected by high traffic or by adding more nodes, as only the
nodes having tokens can transmit data.
 Cheap to install and expand

 Disadvantages of Ring Topology

 Troubleshooting is difficult in ring topology.


 Adding or deleting the computers disturbs the network activity.
 Failure of one computer disturbs the whole network.
In this type of topology all the computers are connected to a single hub through a cable.
This hub is the central node and all others nodes are connected to the central node.
 Features of Ring Topology
 Every node has its own dedicated connection to the hub.
 Hub acts as a repeater for data flow.
 Can be used with twisted pair, Optical Fibre or coaxial cable.
 Advantages of Star Topology
 Fast performance with few nodes and low network traffic.
 Hub can be upgraded easily.
 Easy to troubleshoot.
 Easy to setup and modify.
 Only that node is affected which has failed, rest of the nodes can work smoothly.
 Disadvantages of Star Topology
 Cost of installation is high.
 Expensive to use.
 If the hub fails then the whole network is stopped because all the nodes depend on the hub.
 Performance is based on the hub that is it depends on its capacity
It has a root node and all other nodes are connected to it forming a hierarchy. It is also
called hierarchical topology. It should at least have three levels to the hierarchy
 Features of Ring Topology
 Ideal if workstations are located in groups.
 Used in Wide Area Network.
 Advantages of Tree Topology
 Extension of bus and star topologies.
 Expansion of nodes is possible and easy.
 Easily managed and maintained.
 Error detection is easily done.
 Disadvantages of Tree Topology
 Heavily cabled.
 Costly.
 If more nodes are added maintenance is difficult.
 Central hub fails, network fails.
A mesh topology is a network setup where each computer and network device is
interconnected with one another. This topology setup allows for most transmissions to
be distributed even if one of the connections goes down. It is a topology commonly
used for wireless networks
 Types of Mesh Topology
o Partial Mesh Topology : In this topology
some of the systems are connected in the
same fashion as mesh topology but some
devices are only connected to two or three
devices.
o Full Mesh Topology : Each and every nodes
or devices are connected to each other.
 Features of Mesh Topology
 Fully connected.
 Robust.
 Not flexible.
 Advantages of Mesh Topology
 Each connection can carry its own data load.
 It is robust.
 Fault is diagnosed easily.
 Provides security and privacy.
 Disadvantages of Mesh Topology
 Installation and configuration is difficult.
 Cabling cost is more.
 Bulk wiring is required.
It is two different types of topologies which is a mixture of two or more topologies.
 Features of Hybrid Topology
 It is a combination of two or topologies
 Inherits the advantages and disadvantages of the topologies included
Advantages of Hybrid Topology
 Reliable as Error detecting and trouble shooting is easy.
 Effective.
 Scalable as size can be increased easily.
 Flexible.
Disadvantages of Hybrid Topology
 Complex in design.
 Costly.

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