Programming Concepts MCQs

1. What is the purpose of a variable in programming?

 A) To store and manipulate data. (Correct Answer)
 B) To perform mathematical operations.
 C) To create loops.
 D) To define functions.
2. Which of the following is a valid identifier in most programming languages?
 A) 123variable
 B) _myVariable (Correct Answer)
 C) break
 D) 2ndVariable
3. What is the result of the expression 5 + 3 * 2 in most programming languages?
 A) 16
 B) 11 (Correct Answer)
 C) 26
 D) 13
4. In object-oriented programming, what is encapsulation?
 A) Breaking a program into smaller parts.
 B) Combining data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.
(Correct Answer)
 C) Writing code without comments.
 D) Using inheritance to create new classes.
5. What does the term "DRY" stand for in programming?
 A) Don't Run Yet.
 B) Do Run Yesterday.
 C) Don't Repeat Yourself. (Correct Answer)
 D) Do Run Yearly.
6. Which of the following is a primitive data type?
 A) List
  B) Float (Correct Answer)
 C) Class
 D) Array
7. What is the purpose of the "if" statement in programming?
 A) To declare variables.
 B) To create loops.
 C) To perform conditional execution. (Correct Answer)
 D) To define functions.
8. What is the purpose of the "break" statement in a loop?
 A) To exit the program.
 B) To skip the next iteration of the loop.
 C) To exit the loop. (Correct Answer)
 D) To resume the loop from the beginning.
9. In programming, what is the role of a function?
 A) To store data.
 B) To perform a specific task or calculation. (Correct Answer)
 C) To create loops.
 D) To define variables.
10. What is the primary purpose of comments in code?
 A) To confuse other programmers.
 B) To slow down the execution of the program.
 C) To provide explanations and documentation. (Correct Answer)
 D) To hide code from the compiler.
11. Which of the following is an example of a loop in programming?
 A) if (condition) { /* code */ }
 B) while (condition) { /* code */ } (Correct Answer)
 C) function myFunction() { /* code */ }
 D) float myVariable = 5.0;
12. What is the purpose of the "return" statement in a function?
 A) To terminate the program.
 B) To skip the next iteration of the loop.
 C) To exit the function and return a value. (Correct Answer)
 D) To declare a variable.
13. In programming, what does the term "scope" refer to?
 A) The physical size of the code file.
 B) The color scheme used in the code editor.
 C) The region of code where a variable is accessible. (Correct Answer)
 D) The process of commenting out code.
14. What is the purpose of the modulo operator (%) in programming?
 A) To perform addition.
 B) To find the square root.
 C) To get the remainder of a division. (Correct Answer)
 D) To concatenate strings.
15. Which of the following is an example of a syntax error in programming?
 A) var x = 10;
 B) if (condition) { /* code */ }
 C) print("Hello, World!");
 D) for i in range(5): (Correct Answer)
16. What does the term "bug" refer to in programming?
 A) A feature in the code.
 B) A typo in the comments.
 C) An error or defect in the code. (Correct Answer)
 D) A part of the code intentionally left incomplete.
17. Which data structure follows the First In, First Out (FIFO) principle?
 A) Stack
 B) Queue (Correct Answer)
  C) Linked List
 D) Tree
18. What is the role of the "else" statement in programming?
 A) To create loops.
 B) To define functions.
 C) To specify an alternative block of code to execute if the "if" condition is
false. (Correct Answer)
 D) To declare variables.
19. In programming, what does the term "iteration" mean?
 A) The process of defining variables.
 B) The process of commenting out code.
 C) The repetition of a block of code. (Correct Answer)
 D) The creation of objects.
20. What is the purpose of the "continue" statement in a loop?
 A) To exit the loop.
 B) To skip the next iteration of the loop.
 C) To continue to the next iteration of the loop. (Correct Answer)
 D) To restart the loop.
21. Which of the following is an example of a logical operator in programming?
 A) +
 B) /
 C) && (Correct Answer)
 D) ;
22. What is the role of the "try...catch" block in programming?
 A) To declare variables.
 B) To create loops.
 C) To handle exceptions and errors. (Correct Answer)
 D) To define functions.
23. What is the purpose of the "switch" statement in programming?
  A) To create loops.
 B) To perform conditional execution based on multiple cases. (Correct
Answer)
 C) To declare variables.
 D) To define functions.
24. In programming, what does the term "compiler" do?
 A) Executes the program.
 B) Translates the code into machine language. (Correct Answer)
 C) Provides an environment for code execution.
 D) Handles exceptions and errors.
25. What is the primary role of the "new" keyword in object-oriented programming?
 A) To create a new program file.
 B) To allocate memory for a new object. (Correct Answer)
 C) To perform mathematical operations.
 D) To declare a new variable.
26. Which of the following is an example of an arithmetic operator in programming?
 A) =
 B) +=
 C) * (Correct Answer)
 D) ==
27. What does the term "polymorphism" mean in object-oriented programming?
 A) Having multiple functions with the same name in a program.
 B) The ability of a class to inherit properties from multiple classes.
 C) The ability of objects to take on different forms or types. (Correct
Answer)
 D) The process of converting code into machine language.
28. What is the purpose of the "super" keyword in object-oriented programming?
 A) To create a superclass.
 B) To invoke the superclass's method. (Correct Answer)
  C) To declare variables.
 D) To perform mathematical operations.
29. In programming, what is the purpose of the "break" statement in a switch-case
block?
 A) To exit the program.
 B) To exit the switch-case block. (Correct Answer)
 C) To skip the next case.
 D) To restart the switch-case block.
30. What does the term "bitwise AND" mean in programming?
 A) Combining two numbers using addition.
 B) Performing a logical AND operation on each pair of corresponding bits.
(Correct Answer)
 C) Breaking down a number into its binary representation.
 D) Combining two strings.
31. What is the role of the "this" keyword in object-oriented programming?
 A) To declare variables.
 B) To reference the current instance of a class. (Correct Answer)
 C) To create loops.
 D) To exit a function.
32. Which of the following is an example of a relational operator in programming?
 A) &&
 B) ==
 C) > (Correct Answer)
 D) ;
33. What is the purpose of the "final" keyword in Java programming?
 A) To indicate the end of a program.
 B) To make a variable constant. (Correct Answer)
 C) To create loops.
 D) To declare a final class.
34. In object-oriented programming, what is an "interface"?
 A) A graphical user interface.
 B) A way to create loops.
 C) A contract specifying a set of methods that a class must implement.
(Correct Answer)
 D) A type of loop.
35. What is the purpose of the "static" keyword in programming?
 A) To create a static class.
 B) To indicate a variable that can be changed.
 C) To define a method or variable that belongs to the class rather than an
instance. (Correct Answer)
 D) To create loops.
36. What does the term "runtime" refer to in programming?
 A) The time it takes to write code.
 B) The time it takes to compile code.
 C) The time when a program is executed. (Correct Answer)
 D) The time it takes to design algorithms.
37. Which of the following is an example of a unary operator in programming?
 A) +
 B) /
 C) ! (Correct Answer)
 D) ;
38. What is the role of the "public" keyword in Java programming?
 A) To create a public variable.
 B) To indicate a method that can be accessed from outside the class.
(Correct Answer)
 C) To create loops.
 D) To declare a public class.
39. In programming, what does the term "inheritance" mean in the context of
classes?
  A) The ability of a class to take on multiple forms.
 B) The process of creating a new class.
 C) The process of acquiring the properties and behaviors of an existing
class. (Correct Answer)
 D) The process of defining variables.
40. What is the purpose of the "volatile" keyword in programming?
 A) To create a volatile variable.
 B) To indicate a variable that can be changed.
 C) To specify that a variable may be changed by multiple threads
simultaneously. (Correct Answer)
 D) To create loops.
41. Which of the following is an example of a conditional (ternary) operator in
programming?
 A) &&
 B) ==
 C) ? : (Correct Answer)
 D) ;
42. What is the purpose of the "const" keyword in programming?
 A) To create a constant variable. (Correct Answer)
 B) To create a constructor.
 C) To indicate the end of a program.
 D) To create loops.
43. In object-oriented programming, what is a "constructor"?
 A) A method that creates objects.
 B) A type of loop.
 C) A special method that is called when an object is created. (Correct
Answer)
 D) A way to declare variables.
44. What does the term "garbage collection" refer to in programming?
 A) Throwing away unused code.
  B) Automatically reclaiming memory occupied by objects no longer in use.
(Correct Answer)
 C) Collecting data for analysis.
 D) Deleting comments from code.
45. What is the purpose of the "abstract" keyword in Java programming?
 A) To create an abstract class.
 B) To indicate that a method has no implementation in the current class.
(Correct Answer)
 C) To create loops.
 D) To declare an abstract variable.
46. Which of the following is an example of an assignment operator in
programming?
 A) +
 B) /
 C) = (Correct Answer)
 D) ==
47. What is the role of the "protected" keyword in programming?
 A) To create a protected variable.
 B) To indicate a variable that can only be accessed within its own class.
 C) To indicate that a method or variable can only be accessed within its
own package or by subclasses. (Correct Answer)
 D) To create loops.
48. What is the purpose of the "NaN" value in programming?
 A) To represent a negative number.
 B) To indicate an error or undefined value in floating-point arithmetic.
(Correct Answer)
 C) To create loops.
 D) To represent infinity.
49. Which of the following is an example of a bitwise OR operator in programming?
 A) &&
  B) ||
 C) | (Correct Answer)
 D) ;
50.What is the purpose of the "volatile" keyword in C programming?
A) To declare a variable as constant.
B) To indicate that a variable's value may change at any time outside the
program's control. (Correct Answer)
C) To specify that a function cannot modify the variable.
D) To allocate memory for a variable dynamically