@2023 Tvet Cdacc: Page 1 of 4

@2023 TVET CDACC
061006T4ICT
ICT TECHNICIAN LEVEL 6
IT/OS/ICT/CR/7/6
MANAGE DATABASE SYSTEMS
NOV/DEC 2023
TVET CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT, ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION

COUNCIL (TVET CDACC)
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WRITTEN ASSESSMENT
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TIME: 3 Hours
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CANDIDATE INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper has TWO sections A and B. Attempt questions in each

section as per instructions given in the section.
2. You are provided with a separate answer booklet.
3. Marks for each question are indicated in the brackets.
4. Do not write on the question paper
This paper consists of 4 printed pages
Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all

pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing
Page 1 of 4
@2023 TVET CDACC
SECTION A: 40 MARKS
Answer ALL questions in this section.
1. Databases consist of several key components that work together to organize, manage,
and access data efficiently. State FOUR such components. (4 Marks)
2. SQL commands are often categorized based on the type of operation they perform
within a database. Outline the FOUR types of these commands. (4 Marks)
3. A good database system is crucial for efficiently managing and storing data, ensuring
data integrity and providing reliable and secure access to information. Outline FOUR
characteristics one would consider to achieve this. (4 Marks)
4. In the context of a database, differentiate between database schema and database
instance. (4 Marks)
5. In SQL, the ALL operator is used in conjunction with certain comparison operators to
compare a value with all values in a set. State THREE statements that are usually
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associated with SQL ALL operator. (3 Marks)

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6. Define the term variable in databases. (2 Marks)

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7. The database testing process typically involves several key steps to ensure the
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accuracy, reliability and performance of the database system. Outline the THREE step
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database test process. (3 Marks)

8. Transaction mechanisms and concurrency mechanisms are essential aspects of
database management systems (DBMS) that ensure data consistency and enable
efficient multi-user access to the database. Differentiate between transaction
mechanisms and concurrency mechanisms. (4 Marks)
9. Derived and stored are examples of data attributes used in a database, Outline TWO
differences between the two. (4 Marks)
10. Define the term database dictionary. (2 Marks)
11. Normalization is a process in database design that organizes tables and attributes in a
database to minimize redundancy and dependency. Outline FOUR advantages of
normalization. (4 Marks)
12. In database design, relationships are used between different tables to represent how
the data in one table is related to the data in another. State TWO types of database
relationships. (2 Marks)
Page 2 of 4
@2023 TVET CDACC
SECTION B: 60 MARKS
Attempt any THREE questions in this section.
13.
a) Table 1 shows employee records stored in a database. Use it to answer the question
that follows.
Employee First name Last name Date Salary Grade
No employed
1010 Walter Williams 11/11/2009 10000.09 Lower
1011 Jane Antony 09/11/2007 20000.56 Higher
1012 Nicholas Kings 06/06/2008 25000.67 Higher
1013 Mary Anne 05/10/2008 15000.45 Middle
1014 Johnstone Pielly 12/12/2009 11000.99 Lower
Table 1: Employee
Write SQL statements that would:
i) Extract the first names in uppercase and last names; (3 Marks)
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ii) Extract the first three characters of the Grade and store them in a field named
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grade 1; (3 Marks)
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iii) Determine the number of characters in the last name and store them in the
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field named last name size; (3 Marks)

iv) Round off the values in the salary field to 0 decimal places and store them in
the field named sal. (3 Marks)
b) Transaction processing involves the management of transactions that consist of
multiple operations on a database. Explain the acronym ACID as used in
transaction processing. (8 Marks)
14.
a) Database backups are essential for data protection and recovery in the event of data
loss, corruption, or system failures. Explain THREE types of databases back up
(6 Marks)
b) Rules and guidelines are used to define the allowable characteristics and
relationships of data in database tables. Explain TWO advantages of constraints in
a database. (4 Marks)
c) Database design methodology involves a systematic approach to creating a
database structure that meets the requirements of an organization or application.
Discuss THREE main phases of database design methodology. (6 Marks)
Page 3 of 4
@2023 TVET CDACC
d) Distributed systems are composed of multiple autonomous computers that

communicate and coordinate their actions through a network and designed to
provide a unified service. Outline FOUR characteristics of such system. (4 Marks)
15.
a) In the context of database design, an atomic attribute and multivalued attribute
are types of attributes that represent different characteristics of data. What is their
difference? (4 Marks)
b) Describe THREE constraints used to enforced data consistency in database
relationship. (6 Marks)
c) You have been contracted to create a library system for ABC College. In this
system, a student is identified by a Student number and name. A student can
borrow a maximum of three books. Each book is identified by an ISBN and
BookName. Many students can borrow many books. Every borrow transaction is
recorded using StudentNo, Date Borrowed and Return date.
Identify the entities in this system and the respective attributes. (10 Marks)
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a) The following car details are to be entered in a database: Make, date of

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manufacture, color and cost.

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i) Prepare a suitable database structure showing field names and their field
types. (5 Marks)
ii) Explain how one can index the data such that cars of the same make and
colors are together. (2 Marks)
iii) Write statements that can be used to select cars of the color green whose
cost is greater than Ksh. 500,000. (3 Marks)
b) Salim intends to perform tests on the data in a database system. Explain any
THREE types of database tests that he can perform. (6 Marks)
c) Juma works for a data company that has been storing their files using physical
files. The company intends to switch to using a database management system to
store their data. Explain TWO benefits the company may realize from
implementing the new system. (4 Marks)
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@2023 TVET CDACC

TVET CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT, ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION

1. This paper has TWO sections A and B. Attempt questions in each

This paper consists of 4 printed pages

Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all

associated with SQL ALL operator. (3 Marks)

6. Define the term variable in databases. (2 Marks)

database test process. (3 Marks)

field named last name size; (3 Marks)

d) Distributed systems are composed of multiple autonomous computers that

a) The following car details are to be entered in a database: Make, date of

manufacture, color and cost.

THIS IS THE LAST PRINTED PAGE.

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