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    Chapter 3

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    shivani.rana

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chapter 3

    Uploaded by

    shivani.rana
    3 views7 pages

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    chapter 3

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views7 pages

    Chapter 3

    Uploaded by

    shivani.rana

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Shivani Rana

    Chapter 3

    Stress

    Eustress Distress

    Types of Appraisal: Lazarus & Folkman

    Primary Appraisal
    Secondary
    - Neutral, +ve,-ve
    Appraisal
    - Harm & Threat

    Types of Stress

    Physical & Psychological


    Environmental Stress Social Stress
    Stress - Frustration
    - Conflict
    - Internal Pressure
    - Social Pressure

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    Sources of Stress

    Life events
    - Holmes & Rahe Hassels Traumatic Events
    - Presumptive
    Stressful life
    events Scale

    Effects of Stress

    Emotional Physiological Effects Cognitive Behavioural


    Effects - Adrenaline Effects Effects
    - Mood - Cortisol - Faulty decision - Eating less
    swings - Slow Digestive - Poor - increase
    - Erratic System concentration stimulants &
    behaviour - Increase Heart rate - Short term tranquillisers
    - Alienation - Blood Pressure memory - Poor
    - Anxiety concentration
    - Depression - Disturbed
    Sleep patterns

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    General Adaptation Syndrome


    Hans Selye

    Alarm Reaction Resistance Exhaustion


    - Activation of Adrenal - adequate use of - stress related
    pituitary cortex resources diseases
    - Sympathetic nervous - parasympathetic - blood pressure
    system nervous system - heart disease
    - Fight / Flight

    Dual functioning of
    Hypothalamus

    Stress

    Hypothalamus

    ANS Pituitary gland

    Adrenal Gland Stress hormone


    - Epinephrine & - Corticosteroid/
    Norepinephrine Cortisol
    - Flight / Flight

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    Psychoneuroimmunology

    White blood cells /


    Leucocytes

    T cells B cells Natural Killer

    Coping Strategies

    Endler & Parker Lazarus & Folkman


    - Task oriented - Problem Focused
    - Emotion Oriented - Emotion Focused
    - Avoidance Oriented

    Stress Management Techniques

    Exercise Creative Visualisation Meditation procedure

    Cognitive Behavioural Biofeedback Relaxation Training


    Technique - 3 stages: awareness, - Head to toe
    - Also called stress learning & transferring relaxation
    inoculation training
    - by Meichenbaum
    - 3 phases: assessment,
    techniques, followup

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    Stress Resistant Personality


    - given by Kobasa
    - Also called Hardiness
    - 3 C’s : Commitment, Control &
    Challenge

    Life Skills

    Assertiveness Time Rational Improving Self overcoming


    Management Thinking Relationship Care unhelpful
    habits

    Positive Health

    Diet Exercise Positive Positive Social Support


    Attitude Thinking - Tangible Support
    - Informational Support
    - Emotional Support

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