A COMPARATIVE STUDY

OF
CHRONIC MIASMS

Dr. Y.R. A g r a w a l
Life Member : The Rajasthan Homoeopathy Association and The
Delhi Homoeopathic Medical Association. Editor: Advent of Homoeopathy
(Delhi), Ex-Chief Editor : The Hahnemannian Homoeopathic Sandesh
(Delhi). Ex-Member Editorial Board : The Torch of Homoeopathy (Jaipur).
Author of: A Practical Solu tion To Potency Problem; Cautions in Homoeopathy;
What A Homoeopath Should Know; The Dose and its Repetition; A Comparative
Study of Chronic Miasms; Prophylactics in Homoeopathy; Drug Relationship-
Antidotal & Inimical; A Repertory of Desires & Aversions; Measles &
Small-pox; Symptoms and Totality of Symptoms; A Treatise on Bowel
Nosodes; Homoeopathy in Surgery; Diseases of Hair and Nails; Materia
Medica of Glandular Medicines; Homoeopathy in Accidents and Injuries;
Insomnia and Sleep; Homoeopathy in Asthma; Dreams and Nightmares;
Homoeopathy in Diseases of Teeth and Gums.

1 9 9 5
VIJAY PUBLICATIONS
DELHI
Published by :
Smt. Vijay Agrawal
For : VIJAY P U B L I C A T I O N S

© Reserved by the Author

First Edition 1979

Second Revised Edition 1985
Third Revised Edition 1995

Chiets ymptom means external skin eruptions

The signs > and < used in this book are abbreviations common to all
homoeopathic publications. They signify :

> better
less pain
more ease
< worse
painful
uneasy

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 Preface to the First Edition
H a h n e m a n n discovered the 'Law of Similars and enunciated the
theory of 'Miasms' basing his k n o w l e d g e on practical experiences. This
is why his findings have been maintaining status quo. A c c o r d i n g to him
the acute diseases respond quickly to h o m o e o p a t h i c medicines given on
the basis of totality of s y m p t o m s but c h r o n i c d i s e a s e s p o s e c e r t a i n
d i f f i c u l t i e s u n l e s s they are attacked through their m i a s m a t i c base.
Psora, Sycosis and Syphilis are the three miasms which are behind every
chronic disease either jointly or severally.
This little book which is mainly based on the paper presented by me
on 5.12.76 in the monthly meeting of the Delhi Homoeopathic Association
contains a vivid description about the miasms and their c o m p a r a t i v e
study with one another. The characteristic s y m p t o m s of each miasm and
c o m b i n e d effects of the two miasms are the peculiar features of this book.
A list of Anti-Miasmatic remedies has been given at the end of the book
and doubts regarding categorisation of some remedies have also been
clarified. A b o v e all. the book has been written in layman's language
except that I have to use certain medical terms for which I could not find
better simple terminology.

I am grateful to Dr. C h a n d r a Prakash, f o u n d e r editor of the "Torch

of H o m o e o p a t h y " for having gone through the manuscript and for
lending valuable suggestions f o r the i m p r o v e m e n t of the book.
Delhi, the 1st January, 1979. Y. R. A g r a w a l

Preface to the Second Edition

The first edition of this book published in 1979 was well received by
the students and the profession. The second edition which I am presenting
now is thoroughly revised and enlarged. Four new chapters shown at
serial Nos. 16 to 19 of the Contents have been added. 1 sincerely believe
that this edition will also be received by the profession in the same spirit.
Delhi, the 10th March, 1985. Y. R. Agrawal

Preface to the Third Edition

The third edition of the book is thoroughly revised and enlarged.
N u m b e r of additions have been m a d e with slight modification in almost
all the chapters. I hope that the book will be received well by the
profession.
Delhi, the 15th August, 1995. Y. R. A g r a w a l
 CONTENTS

1) What is Miasm & Evolution of Miasm 1

2) Acute and Chronic Diseases 5

3) Psora 8
4) Sycosis 18

5) Syphilis 29

6) Pseudo-Psora 38

7) Scrofula 44

8) Cancer 47
9) Mixed Miasm 49
10) Characteristic Symptoms of
i) Psora 51
ii) Sycosis 53
iii) Syphilis 55
iv) Pseudo-Psora 57
Comparative Study of
i) Psora Vs. Sycosis 59
ii) Psora Vs. Syphilis 62
iii) Psora Vs. Tuberculosis 64
iv) Sycosis Vs. Syphilis 66
v) Sycosis Vs. Tuberculosis 69
vi) Tuberculosis Vs. Syphilis 70
vii) All the Miasms 72
12) Treatment of Psora. Sycosis, Syphilis and Mixed Miasm 83
13) Treatment Plan 96
14) Anti Miasmatic Remedies 98
15) More about the Medicines ill
16) Miasmatic Concept in Organon 115
17) Repertory of Miasms 126
18) Bacteriology and Homoeopathy 138
19) OtherConstitutions 146
 What is Miasm ?
The word miasm* derived from Greek means 'taint' or
'contamination'. Hahnemann used it for the manifestations in
chronic diseased conditions. Foster defines a miasm as a morbific
emanation which affects individuals directly and not through the
medium of another individual. Stedman's medical dictionary defines
miasm as noxious effluvia or emanations, formerly regarded as the
cause of malaria and of various epidemic diseases.
According to Hahnemann the disease is a state of disturbance
of the vital force which maintains harmony and health. The
disturbance is caused by something called miasms which are also
harmful inherent dynamic forces on the same ethereal plane as the
life force itself. Hahnemann thought of his theory of chronic disease
in the years 1816-17, though he did not make it public for a further
decade. In 1827 he summoned two of his most faithful disciples,
Gross and Stapf, to Kothen to receive the new doctrine, and in the
following years he began to publish his last major work, the
'Chronic Diseases', in which miasm** theory was set forth.
Hahnemann was led to formulate his theory when he found during
12 years of experiments and critical observations that certain
diseases were easily cured with simple remedies or had a natural
and spontaneous cure, but he was disappointed to see that many
other patients returned with old complaints and or with new
symptoms. He studied all such cases carefully and deeply and the latent

* Miasm can be defined as a form of deranged dynamis-the vital force working

under adverse circumstances, and failing to maintain normal function and thus
producing a symptom complex we call disease. (John Paterson)
** Hahnemann's ingenious views on miasmata had already been partially ex-
plained by the discovery of microbes considered as occasional pathogenic agents.
They have since then been illuminated by viruses - whether filterable or not - and
by all the modern concept of unapparent poly viruses, which has recently confirmed
Hahnemann's original and extremely productive ideas on psora. (Pierre Schmidt)
inherent defect or obstacle to cure was inferred to have been caused
by some miasms which he named as Psora, Syphilis and Sycosis.
Evolution of miasm:— The itch is looked down upon as a
disgraceful affair, so is everything that has a similar correspon-
dence. You go to an allopath he would apply external ointments
and suppress it. Similarly if a true sycotic gonorrhoea appears to
us second hand, it appears in its suppressed form which is thousand
times worse than the original form. All the outward manifestations
have been made to disappear. Syphilis is not treated from cause
to effect, but simply in the way of driving it back or holding it in
abeyance, without any effort to permanently cure it. Every
conceivable thing has been employed to destroy manifestations and
the disease has grown and grown until nobody can tell what its
outcome will be. These suppressed diseases continue to manifest
itself in various forms and become hereditary.
The miasms derive their force and obtain their grip from the
suppression of original symptoms such as discharges, chancres,
etc., which are the body's means of expelling the intruder; and when
that defence is removed, the life force is exposed to the full power
of the disease which then holds the whole bodily machinery in its
deadly grasp.
The m i a s m make such dents and breaches in the physical and
mental economy of the person that the debilitated life force cannot
repair. They deform the body, dull the intellect and destroy reason.
They destroy men's wills, hope, courage, and drive the sunshine out
of life, bringing all under shadow making him downhearted, low
spirited, hypochondriacal, even to suicide. When their presence is
felt in the organism every process, every organ is up in arms, every
reserve is brought into action, and every nerve impulse into play,
to oppose their inroads and to arrest their progress; secretion,
excretion, even the whole circulatory system becomes exaggerated
and intensified to accommodate itself to the new order of things.
The miasms are like enemies entrenched. They attack us at all our
weak points, recede and advance, advance and recede. They never
seem to tire or grow less. When we are asleep they break in upon
us; when we become tired or exhausted they come upon us
unawares and take us by surprise. So, like sentinels, we must be
ever on our guard; we must be ever watchful, ever ready to oppose
their advances; to understand their tactics, both when they are
active and when they are dormant, when they give forth their acute,
chronic or latent expressions. (J.H. Allen)
There are certain conditions or states of the organism due
wholly to the action of the miasms and recognised in our works
on pathology under special names, as cachexia, dyscrasia,
diathesis, scrofula, struma, idiosyncrasy, predisposition, hereditary
predisposition and hereditary states, all of which are due, directly
or indirectly, to the workings of, or they are expressions of,
miasmatic action. When we speak of cachexia we mean a depraved
condition of the whole system, we mean blood changes often due
to toxic causes; it is an advanced chronic, active miasmatic state.
Cachexias may be acute, subacute or chronic. Some times they
depend on a single miasm, and again specifically combined with
psora the cachexia usually assumes semi-malignant, if not
malignant forms, even to the destruction of life, ending to toxic
states, specific anaemias or general exhaustion and collapse. To
cure a cachexia, we must select our remedies with care, basing our
prescriptions upon the true symptomatology of the active miasm,
when often the most discouraging and complex conditions
disappear.
Dr. J.H. Allen while commenting upon the necessity of having
knowledge about the miasms remarked, "The fact is we cannot
select the most similar remedy unless we understand the phenomena
of the acting and basic miasms, for the true similia is always based
upon the exciting basic miasms, whether we be conscious or
unconscious of the fact."
According to the Chronic miasm theory of Dr. Hahnemann,
Psora, Syphilis and Sycosis are infectious disease and are curable
in primary stage but when they are suppressed by maltreatment,
they are changed into chronic miasms and become the root cause
of innumerable diseases. Each of them creates different disease in
different subjects.
Constitution,* Diathesis, Temperament and Miasm
Constitution (Latin—Constitutio means to fix): is defined as
the makeup of functional habits of the body determined by the

* See also page 146

genetic, biochemical and physiological endowments of an individual,
modified to a great extent by the environmental factors. (Dorland
Illustrated Medical Dictionary)
According to Blakiston it is the total individuality of the
person, including his inherited qualities and cummulative effects of
his reactions to all environmental factors which influenced his
emotional and physical development.
Webster considers it as the physical makeup of an individual
comprising inherited qualities modified by environment.
Master Hahnemann describes it as a composite entity of
spirit, mind and body in relation to the environments it is put in.
Dr. J.N. Kanjilal describes it as a term which includes the
sum total of individual characteristics of one's mind and body in
relation to the environmental influence.
Diathesis (Greek—a placing in order, a disposition, an
arrangement)
Blakiston defines it as a state or condition of the body or a
combination of attributes in one individual causing a susceptibility
to disease.
According to Dorland it is a constitution or condition of the
body which makes the tissues react in special ways to certain
extrinsic stimuli and thus tends to make the person more than
usually susceptible to certain diseases.
Many authors like Drs. Hering, Hughes and Kent have used the
terms Constitution and Diathesis as synonyms but Diathesis has a
connotation of susceptibility to disease which is not possessed by the
term Constitution. For example, the constitution of a person may be
quite healthy still he may be susceptible to cold (Tubercular diathesis).
According to the homoeopathic view point diathesis involves
the quality of susceptibility or a state of proneness towards the
environmental factors, due to certain invisible yet dynamic disease
producing potential present within the constitution.
 Temperament* (Latin-temperamentum-a. mixing in due
proportion)
According to Webster, it is a peculiar or distinguishing
mental or physical character determined by relative proportion of
the humours according to medieval pathology.
Blakiston describes it as the level of the personality between
physiologic functions and acquired attributes and beliefs. A
mixture of motivational drives in a personality.
Dorland says it as a peculiar physical character and mental
cast of an individual.
As per Hahnemannian view point, temperament means a sum
total of all the mental attributes, both inherited as well as acquired,
or an individual evolved through time, space and circumstances.
Acute and Chronic Diseases
Disease is the totality of the effects, by which we recognise
or perceive the action of a peculiar order of subversive forces upon
an organism which has been exceptionally or specially adapted to,
or prepared for their reception. (Hemple)
Hahnemann describes two classes of disease, and under this
general head he classifies all forms and conditions of disease. The
first he says, "are rapid operations of the vital power, departed from
its natural condition, which terminates in a shorter or longer period
of time, but are always of a moderate duration. These are the acute
diseases." The others he says, "are less distinct, and often
imperceptible on their first appearance." These diseases develop
very slowly, and that force known as the vital power, cannot resist
them. It is not strong enough to extinguish them, and in time they
develop or grow, until they destroy the organism. These are known
as chronic diseases or chronic miasm.

* Temperament is a term that includes those vague general peculiarities of

mind and body that render some persons more liable than others to be affected
by particular diseases. (Black's Medical Dictionary)
According to Stedman's Medical Dictionary temperament means the
physical organisation peculiar to the individual, which influences one's
metabolic processes, manner of thought and action, and general views of life.
 As per aphor. 72 of the Organon, acute disease is
characterised by "rapid morbid processes which have a
tendency to finish their course more or less quickly, but always in
a moderate time."
Chronic disease is characterised by imperceptible beginnings,
dynamically derange the living organism and cause it gradually
to deviate from the healthy condition, in such a way that vital
force whose office is to preserve the health offers imperfect
resistance and becomes ever more and more abnormally
deranged until at length the organism is destroyed Such chronic
diseases are caused by infection with a chronic miasm.
In other words, we cannot understand the inner meaning of
word chronic unless we know what is acute miasm. The acute
miasms come on either with sufficient violence to cause death to
patients, or with less violence, wherein there is a period of progress
and a tendency to recover. An acute miasm cannot be prolonged
and must subside or say that such a disorder is a self limited disease
and the possibility of natural recovery considerable. According to
the old school, diseases have been divided into acute, sub-acute and
chronic. If any sickness ran longer than six weeks, it would be
placed among the sub-acute; if it ran on indefinitely, it is called
chronic. But according to homoeopathy a chronic miasm is chronic
from its beginning and an acute miasm is acute from its beginning.
It is from its nature, from its capabilities, from what it will do to
the human race, that we must name the miasm.
All chronic diseases originate and are based on fixed chronic
miasms, which enable their parasitical ramifications to spread
through the human organism, and to grow without end and continue
to increase in intensity until the moment of death. These can only
be neutralised and annihilated by a more powerful remedy
producing analogous effects. And the treatment must go on till the
cure is complete, for the least remains of a germ may eventually
reproduce the full disease.
Acute Vs. Chronic Diseases
1. Acute diseases are those which come suddenly and have a
rapid course. The time required is always moderate and these
diseases are short lived. In chronic diseases the beginning is
imperceptible. The organism is very well deviated from the healthy
state and sufferings run life long, if not treated in time.
2. In acute diseases the disorder starts from outside and moves
within. It starts from a low scale of life in the tissue cells or organ cell
and this disorder acts on the whole central life. In chronic diseases the
disorder starts from within and moves outwards. The central life force
is acted first by the dynamic morbific agent.
3. Acute miasms are recurring and non recurring* types whereas
chronic miasms are psora, sycosis and syphilis.
4. The vital force when deranged in acute diseases still retains
the capacity to readjust itself, with or without medical aid. In
chronic diseases the vital force though deranged insidiously loses
the capacity of self adjustment.
5. The changes in the vital force in case of acute diseases are
more or less superficial. In chronic diseases the changes in the vital
force are quite deep.
6. In acute diseases the structural and functional changes are
overshadowed by the constitutional symptoms whereas in chronic
diseases the constitutional symptoms are more marked than the
structural and functional changes.
7. During the course of treatment, acute diseases require common
homoeopathic remedies, frequent repetition for a few days and
results are immediate relief, complete recovery, or death. Chronic
diseases require anti-miasmatic remedies infrequent repetition, high
potency and results are: homoeopathic aggravation, return of old
symptoms, relief of only few symptoms, demanding complementary
remedies. Recovery is very difficult, life long sufferings, psora goes
back to slumbering state.
8. The longest acting remedy may act in acute disease, but the
shortest acting cannot in chronic disease. (J.T. Kent)

* Recurring diseases mean diseases which occur in the same fashion more
than once in life e.g., cholera. Non-recurring diseases have no tendency to
recur-e.g., measles, small-pox, chicken-pox etc.
 Psora

Psora is the oldest, most universal, most pernicious and yet

that least known chronic miasmatic disease which has been
deforming and torturing the nations for thousands of years. Psora
is the fountain head of chronic ailments and is the mother of all
those innumerable ailments which we find enumerated in our
pathological works, such as epistaxis, varicose, haemorrhoids,
haematemesis, menorrhagia, night-sweats, constipation, and all the
host of names catalogued in our nomenclature.
Psora* in Greek means gulf. Indeed Psora was a gulf which
stood between the law and cure, which Dr. Hahnemann bridged for
the benefit of the mankind.
The modern medical dictionary defines Psora as: 1. scabies,
2. psoriasis, 3. Hahnemann's term for the "itch dyscrasia," defined
as the parent of all chronic diseases-skin diseases, neoplasms,
insanity etc. Funk and Wagnall's dictionary gives the meaning of
Psora as : 1. Pathol. The itch, or some such similar skin disease.
2. The itch mite.
Psora is a disease or disposition to disease, hereditary from
generation to generation for thousands of years, and it is the
fostering soil for every possible diseased condition. At the same
time it is the most infectious of all. Contact with the general

* Hahnemann says, "Psora is the internal itch m i a s m w h i c h after the c o m p l e t i o n of the

internal i n f e c t i o n of the w h o l e h u m a n body manifests outside on the skin w i t h peculiar
cutaneous eruptions w i t h intolerable i t c h i n g and peculiar odour. W h e n these s y m p t o m s
are suppressed by external medicines it f o r m s internal dyscrasia and produces i n n u m e r -
able forms of diseases w h i c h are secondary symptoms of psora."

" W e understand psora to be a basic miasm, not c o n f i n e d to any special f o r m of

e r u p t i o n upon the skin of the i n d i v i d u a l , but that is the parent of a m u l t i t u d e of f u n c t i o n a l
and pathological changes, that take place in the h u m a n organism." (J.H. A l l e n )

"Psora is a s y m p t o m syndrome w h i c h is due to non specific pyogenic infections

w h i c h have taken p o l y m o r p h i c ( m u l t i f o r m ) and m e t a - m o r p h i c ( t r a n s f o r m a t i o n b y natural
agencies) changes since centuries." (J.N. M a j u m d a r )
external skin is quite sufficient for transference of the disease in
contrast with sycosis and syphilis, in which case a certain amount
of friction on the tenderest parts of our bodies, where most nerves
are congregated and where the cuticle is thinnest, is requisite for
infection. But every one is exposed to psora almost under any
circumstances. (Haehl)
Psora is in all men, in it are the seeds of death, implanted
in man in the very beginning and is transmitted to each individual
at birth, in varying activity or units, determined by units possessed
by the parent, each parent at impregnation transmitting equally, the
mother adding up to 50% of her own during gestation. (Charles E.
Brown)
The drinking of warm coffee and Chinese tea which has so
largely increased the irritability of the muscular fibre as well as
the excessive excitability of the nerves, has further augmented the
tendency of this period to a multitude of chronic diseases, and has
thus aided to Psora. (Hahnemann)
The word psora conveys a most important meaning. It means
that disease is more than it seems to be on the surface. It means
that no external expression can exist (except due to mechanical or
chemical cause) without pre-existing internal dynamis and that
dynamis is psora which affects the whole organism, and any part
of organism may manifest it upon its surface. Often the psoric fire
may be so latent and so inactive that one may deem himself healthy
until he receives some injury or until something unusual happens.
Joy, grief, fear, overwork or some trifling cause arouse the sleeping
monster, and the patient, to his astonishment, finds himself ill.
Psora may be latent or active. It is when Psora is active that
we find the various ailments of humanity presenting themselves. It
is the active psora and never the latent psora which combines with
other two chronic diseases.
Hahnemann has written about psora as follows:
"Usually it (itch) takes 6, 7 or 10 days perhaps even 14 days
from the moment of infection before the transformation of the
internal organism to psora has been affected. Then only there
follows a slight or more severe chill in the evening and a general
heat followed by perspiration; in the following night, a little fever
which many a person ascribe to be a cold and thus disregarded it
and then the outbreak of the vesicle of itch at first fine as if from
miliary fever but afterwards enlarging on the skin. He also observed
that the vesicles of the itch would be curable by a dose of sulphur
and would not create any other disease in the patient. But if the
itch disease disappeared by mal-treatment or its own accord, it
becomes the root cause of innumerable chronic diseases followed
by the suppression of many skin diseases."
He has cited examples of many chronic different diseases
followed by suppression of many skin diseases. These diseases are:
paralysis, consumption, typhoid, epilepsy, tumours, catarrhs. In
ancient times psora was mostly confined itself to its dreadful
subcutaneous manifestations which was also known as leprosy.
Only during the last few centuries the mankind has been flooded
with these infirmities, owing to the destruction of chiet symptom.
The shape of the psoric face is that of an inverted pyramid.
The face and head do not perspire as does the syphilitic condition.
The lips are red, often red to bluish, parched and dry. Red lips are
indicative of psora; but when extremely red as if blood would ooze
from them, both psora and syphilis are indicative. Swelling of upper
lip. The usual feverish face in the psoric patient is red and hot and
shining. They are characteristically dry, itching pimples and simple
acne. The skin is naturally dry with an unwashed appearance.
Rushes of the blood to the face, burning of hands or feet, hot flushes
at the climacteric. The appearance of ear is normal, the ear is small
or medium size and never transparent in appearance. The auditory
canal is dry and scaly. Psoric head is normal in size and contour.
A psoric patient can be recognised by the shape of the Iberian
head—broad at the top, long and tapering to a point. The hair and
scalp are dry, the hair is lustreless and so dry that it cannot be
combed without wetting the comb. The hair falls out after an
illness. It becomes grey too early or white in spots. It breaks and
ends split. The skin and scalp appear unclean and there is much
of dandruff and dry eruption on the scalp. It kills the psoric patient
to stand still. He must walk instead of standing even if he is on
his feet for a brief time. He may stand if he can lean against
anything sufficient to take the weight off his feet. It is because there
is natural desire to take rest. Oversensitive to odours, he can not sleep
where there are strong odours. Perfumes make him fall ill and faint.
Psora is of contagious nature and can be communicated
especially to children simply by touching the skin. A. doctor may
transmit the taint to a patient while feeling the pulse, or it may be
transmitted by fomites or from the mother to the new born during
delivery.
Psychic Sphere:— Full of emotions, imaginations and
sensations without any objective basis or ultimation. Full of ideas
but no tendency to materialise any of them. He may be called a
sterile philosopher.
One of the strongest characteristics of psora is its latent
mental conditions. Psoric patient is of timid disposition, filled
with anxious forebodings, mentally alert, quick in action and
active, easily fatigued both mentally and physically. The fatigue
causes a desire to lie down and a dread to undertake anything
requiring mental or physical exertion. The mental irritation
produces a sense of bodily heat and these patients will have flushes
of heat while they are working. Another peculiar mental symptom
is anxiety. They are anxious to the point of worry and fear, fear
that they will not be able to carry through their plans, fear that their
health will fail. The psoric patient cannot concentrate on his work
because his thoughts get ahead of his work. In fact his thoughts
come so thick and fast that they crowd each other out and he gets
entangled with them and cannot complete his work. Emotional
disturbances are one of the worst things for the psoric patient they
upset him and make him ill. The change of temperament* without
any apparent cause is part of the cycle. They become hysterical and
go into fits of anger. Young people particularly become hysterical.
Psora has fits of anger but there is seldom any desire to harm
anybody, but if the psoric base is united with sycosis or syphilis,
there is decidedly a tendency to harm or even to kill others. In
children sense of fear is manifest, fear of dark, fear of strangers,
fear of imaginary things, fear that they would not get along in the
school, timid about going to school, fearful that they would be late

* Quick change of moods, often very merry and exuberantly so, often again and,
indeed, very suddenly, dejection; e.g., on account of his disease, or from other
trifling causes. Sudden transition from cheerfulness to sadness, or vexation without
a cause.
in school. Adults find it difficult in concentrating their mind. Their
thoughts keep on changing, shifting from one subject to another.
The mental anxiety of psora often makes its appearance about the
new moon or at the approach of the menses in women. Weeping
often palliates these patients for a time.
The unfulfilled desires of psora derives satisfaction through
imagination, fantasies and dreams, (psoric individuals are day
dreamers).
Mental:— The mind of the psoric is not exactly deformed
but is tied down or say inhibited; that is why a psoric is timid,
taciturn, weak and seeks protection. The death of the psoric will
be part of his disposition to disintegration or dissolution, but even
in his anxiety he has logical hope and vision of eternal life and an
unending desire for absolute protection—either a belief in God or
confidence in something immense as a substitute for it.
Sensorial Sphere:— Psora produces vertigo of all types and
modalities, due to functional derangement of thfe sensoria, and also
hypersensitivity* of all sensory organs, special as well as general,
with abnormal or excessive response or reaction. Vertigo worse by
motion or rising from seat or looking up. Vertigo in a warm room
or when the air is not good.
Head:— Chronic headaches, hunger during the attacks. The
brain feels large. Pain in occiput. Psoric headaches are sharp and
severe. Bilious headaches, migraine, sun headaches (from sunrise
to sunset and worse at noon). All pains of psora are better by lying
down and covering warmly.
Dry eruption on the scalp. Gray hair; dry hair. Hair turns
gray too soon. Severe itching of the scalp. Painful boils, very
sensitive, but no suppurating, (suppurating when there is a mixture
of psora and sycosis.) Crusta lactea in the scalp, face, cheeks and
ears covered with dry scabs.
Eyes:— Psoric eye troubles are aggravated and ameliorated

* The Psoric patient is oversensitive and has all kinds of functional

complaints often arising from emotional disturbances. He is sensitive to
noise, to light and to odours.
with the course of the sun, and are decidedly relieved by application
of warmth. Besides, psoric eye troubles are always accompanied
by itching and burning and there is always tendency for rubbing
the eyelids. Aversion to light. Eyes are most sensitive to day light.
Spots before the eyes float as if they were flies or black points or
dark streaks in the eyes. Yellowness around the eyes and of the
whites of the eyes, dim, opaque spots on cornea, dropsy of eye,
cataract, squinting, short sightedness, false vision, sees objects
double or manifold or only one half of them, night-blindness as also
the blindness by day. He can only see well during the twilight. He
can not look at any thing else; every thing flickers before him;
objects seem to move.

Ciliary blepharitis that passes from the right eye to left.

Where there is a tendency to styes both psora and syphilis
are present.
Ear:— Porches of the ear look dirty, dry and scaly. Auditory
canal always dry. Over-sensitiveness to sounds or noises. Deafness
of various degrees, even upto total deafness with or without noises
in ears, occasionally worse according to weather. Swelling of
parotid glands.
Nose:— The nostrils feel as if they were stuffed up.
Sensation of dryness in the nose. Polypi of the nose, usually with
loss of power of smelling. The psoric cold begins with sneezing,
redness, heat, sensitiveness to touch when blown for some time:
discharges thin, watery and acrid. Painful boils, pimples and
vesicles in septum. Oversensitiveness to odours; cannot sleep where
there are strong odours; perfumes make him feel ill and faint. Too
violent sensation of smell, higher and highest sensitiveness for even
imperceptible odours. Sense of smell weak, lost. Sense of smell
perverted e.g., the smell of manure or some other peculiar smell
in the nose. Unbearableness of the smell of food or of cooking and
consequent vomiting is a psoric indication.
Chest:— Dry cough with great weakness in the chest.
Sensation of ulceration behind the sternum. Pains in the chest that
are better from lying down. Cough returns every winter. Hay fever
that repeats itself every year.
Asthma with dyspnoea, worse by sitting down, better from
lying down with arms stretched out.
Heart:— In heart diseases there are functional disturbances
with violent rush of blood to the chest and a sensation of weakness,
goneness or fulness or fullness about the heart. Always fears that
he would die of heart disease but in fact there is no danger. He
does not have any uncomfortable sensations such as sharp cutting
neuralgic pains about the heart. It is only the sycotic and syphilitic
patients that die suddenly without warning. Psoric heart conditions are
largely influenced by strong emotions, joys, fear grief and so on.
Sensation of a band around the body in the cardiac region.
A cardiac patient with palpitation has less anxiety than the others.
The cardiac disturbances are functional in psora and the patient is
better by lying down and quiet where as the sycotic patient is better
from movement.
/
Stomach Symptoms:— The psoric patient is recognised by
his constant hunger, due to non / faulty assimilation of food, which
of course leads to over eating and overstrain of the digestive organs.
Always hungry even when stomach is full, craves sweets, acids,
sour things and undigestible things. Appetite without hunger, desire
to swallow down in haste various things without there being any
craving therefor in the stomach. He feels empty and 'gone' in the
middle of the forenoon. Hunger at night is also a prominent
symptom. There is a demand for food (especially carboneous food)
air, water etc. It has excessive thirst for no purpose. Craze for open
air but cannot stand winds or cold air. The patient lacks the power
of assimilation. There is repugnance to boiled foods. They crave
fried and highly seasoned food, meats and greasy food, but they
do not suit them. Psora desires hot food. In fever they have aversion
to sweets and crave acids. During pregnancy ladies long for
peculiar things and after gestation they loath the things they have
craved.
In very psoric patient symptoms such as fullness, bloating,
great distention due to the accumulation of gases or to flatulent
conditions and food fermentation; rumblings, gurgalings, and all
such commotion due to formation of gases, are found not only in
the stomach but throughout the entire gastro intestinal tract.
Cravings and Desires:— Desire for sweets; for sour things
and pickles, unnatural desire for chalk, clay or rags, mud, coal,
pencils etc. In fever craves buttermilk, acid thing, cabbage and
indigestible things. Psoric desires hot food and meals but meat
aggravates.
Taste:— A bitter taste with yellowish coated tongue points
strongly to psora. The taste of psora patient is either sour, sweet
or bitter and sometimes called as bad taste, for instance bread
tastes bitter. Water has an abnormal taste, taste of food recently
eaten. A burnt taste is only found under psora.
Extremities:— The hands in psora are dry, hot, with a
burning sensation in the palms of hands and feet. Cramps in the
inferior extremities, in the legs, in the calves of the legs, ankles and
fingers. Burning sensation in the feet, the extremities going to sleep.
Hands and feet burn, and there are flushes of heat especially to the
face. Coldness of one single part, as knees, hands, feet, ears, nose.
The psoric patient can walk much, but it kills him to be quiet
standing up on his feet: he looks for a place to sit down.
Skin:— Skin dry, rough and pimply, unwashed and unclean
appearance. Dry eczematous eruption worse in open air, worse in
evening and heat of bed. Pruritis of skin is a psoric symptom. No
other symptom is so pathognomonic of psora as pruritis. (J.H.
Allen) In all psoric conditions, itching is a persistent symptom. The
itching is ameliorated by scratching, the skin burns and smarts
afterwards. They do not suppurate. Psoric eruptions are not
noticeable by their colour, but by the roughness of the skin. With
the dry skin there is a decided tendency for fine thin scales; the
eruptions dry down and scale off. The scabs and scales of psora
are light, fine and small over the part affected; those of syphilis
are large. In psora the skin loses its humidity and becomes
excessively dry, free of oil and sebaceous secretions.
Urinary Organs:— Often psoric patients have retention of
urine. In children the retention of urine is generally seen when their
body becomes chilled. We also find this in old people. The urine
in any psoric patient will pass off frequently involuntarily when
sneezing, coughing or laughing. After fevers in acute diseases, the
deposits of psora is usually white, or yellowish white, phosphates
and similar deposits, occasionally it is pinkish or similar to iron rust.
Bowels:— Psora has a spasmodic offensive and painless
diarrhoea which usually > the sufferings, but it is not a persistent
diarrhoea. It comes on from emissions or from preparations for an
unusual event, after taking cold; < by cold; > by hot drinks or heat
in general.
There is a stubborn, marked, persistent constipation, with
small, hard, difficult stools and no desire for stool; or there may
be alterations of the constipation and diarrhoea.
Diarrhoea from eating heavily because of canine hunger and
he eats more than his digestive faculties can handle. Diarrhoea
comes on from terror, sadness, bad news, also when there are
family reunions, or from change of weather. Diarrhoea changes
colour, is fetid but not painful. It is worse by cold, movement, cold
drinks but is better by hot drinks.
Sexual Sphere:— Many symptoms of this stigma are
reflected in sexual sphere; especially in women. In other words
these are functional disturbances closely related to emotions.
Functional disturbances of ovaries and uterus. Menstrual
period—usually flows are bland, flow scanty or of too short
duration. An intermittent flow; it stops and starts; dysmenorrhoea
shows itself very early at puberty. The menstrual clots are small.
The leucorrhoea of psora is scarce, extenuated, is of any
colour, combined with itching, but is not yellow, thick or yellow-
greenish as in sycotic. Fetid leucorrhoea with much weakness and
pain in the dorsal region. Breast swollen and painful.
Waves of heat (surges) during climacteric period.
Nightly discharge of the genitial fluid in a woman, with
voluptuous dreams.
Nocturnal passage of semen, too frequent, one, two or three
times a week, or even every night, easy ejaculation, impotency,
discharge of prostatic fluid during straining at stool or urination.
 Modalities:— A warm room oppresses him. Yet the psoric
patient is generally cold. Periodic headache has rise and fall in
intensity with the course of the sun.
Psora does not produce any structural changes but it does
produce functional changes. It is the mother of all diseases and
psoric patient suffers considerably, probably much more than in the
other stigmata, and with less apparent cause. The malignancy of
Psora are prone to develop at the age of 40. Psoric states are
always better by discharge like urine, diarrhoea, leucorrhoea or
tears. The psoric complaints are generally worse from midnight till
mid-day except the headaches which rise and wane with the sun.
Worse by cold and better by heat.
To sum up, a person who is a ragged philosopher, fearful,
desires protection, timid, of depressed mind, lacks concentration,
hungry at night, walks slowly, cannot keep standing and his skin
gives an unwashed and unhealthy appearance is the embodiment
of psora.
 Sycosis

Sycosis* is a profoundly acting miasm; it acts upon every

cell of the human organism, even to the very depths of the physical
being: (J.H. Allen).
Sycosis is often suppressed, and then it lies dormant in the
organism like is sleeping volcafib to set up later new processes
more d ^ d l y and destructive than before.
The word sycosis, coming from the Greek word "Sykos"
means Fig (Wart). Medical dictionary defines sycosis as Hahnemann's
term for the constitutional effects of the gonorrhoeal virus. To
Hahnemann sycosis was essentially a diathesis producing warts
or wart like growth. He, therefore, called sycosis as fig wart disease,
i
According to Dr. Hahnemann the most important cause of
sycosis is gonorrhoea as a consequence of which there results a
temperamental change, a chronic gonorrhoeal condition. Kent has
said in his 'Lesser Writings' that "Sycosis is a constitutional and
contagious disease, which sometimes, though not always, is
manifested in the beginning of gonorrhoea." According to Dr.
Younan by sycosis we understand that morbid constitution
induced by the gonorrhoea poison, especially when inappropriately
treated. Towards the end of 19th Century (1892), Dr. J. Compton
Burnett considerably widened the field of sycosis. He showed its
relation to the intempestive vaccinations**. Hence the second
great cause of sycosis is antivariolic vaccination.

* As long as there is any trace of the disease Sycosis in the system, it prevents
any other acute attacks in many patients. (J.H. Allen)
** Vaccinosis is a sub-division of the sycosis of Hahnemann. Vaccinosis does not
express merely the same thing as vaccinia, for the latter means the febrile reaction
which occurs in an organism after vaccination, with special reference to local
phenomena at the point where the vaccinial pus, or lymph, is inserted. Sometimes,
also, the term vaccinia is applied to a general varioloid eruption following
vaccination; but here, vaccinia is commonly held to end. By vaccinosis
Continued to page 19
 Sycosis, however, very rarely results after the primary
vaccination, because it is generally followed by physiological
reaction in the form of pustules. On the contrary, the repetition
of anti-variolic vaccinations may be dangerous especially in cases
when they do not take up. It may be evidently accounted for by
clinical examination of the patient. You will know that the patient
is suffering from different troubles of nervous origin, neuralgias,
neuritis after an unsuccessful vaccination. Thirdly it is also said
that the action of other curative vaccinations, used as preventive,
leaves the taint of sycotic miasm. Let us see what Dr. J.H. Allen
says on page 119 of his book 'Chronic Miasms—Sycosis'.
"Vaccination causes all the races to be sycotic, and is the
father of a multitude of skin diseases such as erysepelas,
impetigo, psoriasis, morbilliform rashes, some forms of gangrene,
erythemas, roseola, papular and pustular eruptions of different
forms, urticaria, eczema, dermatitis, herpetiformis, pemphigus of
one form, lupus vulgaris and many others that might be
mentioned. All cry out, stop the death dealing process of
vaccination or the whole race will soon become degenerated."
Evolution of Sycosis:— Sycosis is generally understood as
gonorrhoeal* poison. Gonorrhoea** is the acute infection of the
Continued from page 18
Dr. Burnett means "long lasting morbid constitutional state engendered by the
vaccine virus"... "and in it are not included any other disease whose causes may be
accidentally or incidentally contained in the vaccine pus, such as scrofulosis,
syphilis or tuberculosis"
The word vaccinose (vaccinosis) is used in homoeopathic literature of Germany.
Vaccinosis shows itself as a formidable acute disease that may terminate fatally, or
it may manifest itself as a chronic affection.
The vaccinated person is poisoned by the vaccine virus; what is called the
"talcing" is, in point of fact, the constitutional re-action where by the organism frees
itself more or less from the inserted virus. If the person do not "take", and the virus
has been absorbed, the "taking" becomes a chronic process-paresis, neuralgiae,
cephalagiae, pimples, acne, and c. The less a person "takes", therefore, the more
is he likely to suffer from chronic vaccinosis.
* The suppressed gonorrhoeal infection is very apt to first show itself in attacking
the blood and producing an anaemic condition, and a general catarrhal condition i£
set up. Often times an inflammatory rheumatism develops; inflammation follows
in the soft tissues, and changes in the fibre of the muscles. In fact, the whole

Continued to page 20
gonococci, which takes from 5 to 10 days to develop a urethritis
after an exposure. During this incubation period, it is purely an
infection; then the local manifestations are thrown outward by
nature at the point of attack. If the gonorrhoea is thoroughly and
completely cured no sycosis will develop. Sycosis is established
after suppressed gonorrhoea, when the acute infection is driven
in upon the vital energy by external methods of suppression, and
it then becomes a systemic stigma, permeating every living cell
of the organism, and transmitting its destructive forces to the
offspring as well as retaining the full destrutiveness of power in
the original individual, and impregnating the mother of the child
(H.A. Roberts). As for example, in an individual suffering from
gonorrhoea at the age of 20, which was more or less suppressed,
has silent period and in consequence of which there appears the
warts, then chronic rheumatism (especially if he had rheumatism
during the attack of gonorrhoea) or chronic enterocolitis,
neuralgia, neuritis, asthma etc.
Sycosis is not a new name for gonorrhoea, neither is it
gonorrhoea in any sense of the word. The history of the two
diseases differs widely in their constitutional developments and
progress. Gonorrhoea simplex is not a basic miasm, while sycosis
comprises one of the chronic miasms of Hahnemann. The early
history of gonorrhoea simplex is a history of painful and
spasmodic symptoms, and of decided vesical irritation, of
chordee, and marked specific urethritis, while the history of
typical cases of sycosis in its initial stages is lacking in many of
the above symptoms. As a rule, in sycosis very little pain is
present—sometimes not always, a decided tenderness is felt along
the anterior surface of the organ.

Continued from page 19

organism becomes involved. Sometimes a stasis develops in the lymphatics; there

is swelling in the groin following the suppression in the prostatic glands. (H.A.
Roberts)
** Gonorrhoea is caused by the kidney shaped microbe, Neisseria gonococcus.
The incubation period varies from 2 to 12 days. Burning and smarting sensation
while passing urine followed by purulent discharge, often experienced by the male,
is the first symptom of gonorrhoea.Though infected, nearly 80% women do not
complain until they develop some complication. Secretion and exudates from the
infected sites contain typical germs, usually inside pus cells.
 Sycosis is said to be the condition of human system, that is
bonded to it by gonorrhoea, which is not cured, but only made to
disappear either by a course of unhomoeopathic treatment or of itself.
Hahnemann has written about sycosis as follows:— "These
excrescences usually first manifest themselves on the genitals and
appear usually but not always attended with a sort of gonorrhoea
from the urethra, several days or several weeks after the infection
through coition usually in gonorrhoea of this kind, the
discharge is from the beginning thick like pus, micturition is less
difficult but the body of penis is swollen, some what hard; the
penis also in some cases is covered on the back with glandular
tubercles and very painful to the touch. The gonorrhoea dependent
on figwarts miasms as well as above mentioned excrescences (the
whole sycosis) is cured most surely and most thoroughly by the
internal use of Thuja."
"The infant crying in the night. He will cry when he cuts his
teeth, a little later he will have growing pains i.e. rheumatism, when
old he will have the gout and chronic arthritis with its gouty nodes
and deformed and painful joints. If the sycotic baby is a girl she will
suffer in due time from dysmenorrhoea and other pelvic disorder."
The child that inherits sycosis feels better when they are
carrying him around in arms. The child manifests a desire to be
carried or moved.
There are many objective symptoms like appearance of
warts, bluish white colour (lilac colour) of lips especially lower
lip; naevi, lozenge like deformations of the skin with which
thickening of the skin specially of the haunches; orange skin of
the forehead and of the glabella etc., lips are pale and his ears
are transparent. Sleeps on back with hands over head.
It first attacks the blood, producing an anaemia, involving
under nourishment and deterioration of every cell in the body. The
pale, ashy grey appearance of the sycotic bears ample witness to
this anaemia, and the nose may be red with prominent capillaries.
The disease then infiltrates into the tissues, causing catarrhs,
fibroid growths, tumours, and warts. Catarrhs are perhaps one of
the most prominent features of a sycosis, and they have a peculiar
fish brine odour as have indeed many sycotic secretions and
excretions. Rheumatism and gout, even bright's disease may
develop. Diabetes and kindred diseases have often their parentage
in a suppression of the disease in the primary stage.
Mental:— Sycosis has peculiar tendency of making everything
secret. He is suspicious about others lest they read his mental
state. Keeps everything about himself secret; does not like to talk
about his family; does not like to reveal full details of even of his
ailment.
He broods over the things because of his secretive nature.
He lacks faith in any body so much so that while under treatment
he will change the doctor again and again because he suspects
the doctor of having not understood about his ailments. He has
a weakness of memory and is forgetful; forgetful of names and
dates; forgets recent happening. Forgets what he just read;
suddenly misses the link during conversation and forgets what he
was about to say. Reads and rereads several times, but cannot
retain the idea, does not find adequate words to express. Fears
to make mistakes. If he shuts the door and returns two or three
times to be sure it is shut. But remembers distant events very
clearly (Silicea has this feature and is homoeopathic to some of
the tertiary symptoms of sycosis). Comprehension is poor and
slow in learning things. While writing or speaking s sycotic is
unable to collect his thoughts,or he is unable to decide which
would be the most appropriate word, and hence slowness in
speaking and writing. In the field of behaviour fails to speak the
truth, is deceitful, liar, and has cruel sullenness. He is
mischievous, selfish, mean, scoundrel, thief and a liar, jealous and
has fits of anger. He has tendency to find fault; finds fault even
with his food and dress; not satisfied with anyone or anything.
Quarrelsome. It has the tendency to harm others and to harm
animals. It bears the mark of self condemnation which is the moral
reaction to the inception of the disease. All the vicious individuals
on the earth, thieves, robbers and murderes are the products of
sycosis. It makes a beast of a man.
Sensorial Sphere:— Sycosis produces vertigo on closing
the eye (i.e., withdrawing the visual aid to coordination),
disappearing on opening eyes. Sensation as if the continuity of
the body will be dissolved, sensation as if the whole body were
thick or extremely delicate and would not resist the least attack
or touch or even approach (hence avoids crowd), sensation as if
insects were on occiput or temples or as if the living animals were
moving inside the abdomen, as if the tsetses were moving, as if
drops were falling on the chest and so on.
Head:— The headache in the vertex is sycotic in its origin
or there may be frontal headache. A sycotic headache like
syphilitic headache is worse on lying down and worse at night
especially after the mid-night hour. The sycotic headache is worse
by physical and mental exertion. Better by motion and the
headaches of sycosis are more common in children. Keep the
children in motion and they are comparatively quiet. There is
vertigo which is felt principally in the occiput. Vertigo that
commenses at the base of the skull or brain. The sycotic scalp
perspires, but there are not moist matting, eruptions of syphilis. Hair
falls out in little circular patches. Stubby, dead, broken hair in beard.
Nose and Smell:— New babies of sycotic patients often get
snuffles; nose dry stuffed up, frequently chilled, will scream with
anger in its attempt to breathe with its mouth closed. When
sycosis is present the nose may be clear one hour, and then he
cannot get a particle of air through his nasal passage. The sycotic
usually has a red nose with prominent capillaries. The patient
suffers from moist snuffles but without ulceration or crusts. The
sense of smell is diminished or lost. Catarrhal discharges are scanty,
purulent or greenish, with the characteristic of fish-brine odour.
Respiration spasmodic as in asthma.
Taste:— A putrid,musty or fishy taste.
Abdomen:— The distinguishing features of sycotic
manifestations in the abdomen are: spasmodic, colicky, often
paroxysmal pains, acrid discharges smelling like fish brine, and
a mottled appearance of the muccus membranes.
The worst forms of colic are found in sycotics. The lightest
meal produces colic. > from bending double, from movement,
applying a pillow to the abdomen or hard pressure. Child cries
with colic, until the parents are desperate.
Skin:— Warts* and warty growth, Condylomatous growths,

* Moles, warts, wine coloured patches and other manifestations of

proliferation are characteristic. Exfoliating eczemas and other eruptions in
the sycotic patient appear in circumscribed spots.
all kinds of tumourous growths and in fact any unusual fleshy
growth in any part of the body is sycotic. Piles is also a sycotic
manifestation. All forms of facial skin diseases that are contacted
in barber's shop except tinea favosa; all forms of ringworms,
psoriasis are sycotic. If sycotic element is present, in abdominal
operations, the possibility of a stich abscess is increased. Herpes
zoster is a sycotic taint. Skin eruptions of this stigma occur in
circumscribed spots. Tinea sycosis and tinea barbae are sycotic
skin diseases. Tinea circinate has tubercular origin. In the scalp
as well as in beard we might mention another form tinea
circumscripta which causes a form of alopecia and which
responds readily to anti-sycotic treatment. Too much or prematurely
gray hair. The nails are ribbed or ridged and thick and heavy.
Sycosis never gives a true ulcer; the sycotic manifestations
are more overgrowth than destructiveness of tissue.
In addition to warts and other excrescences certain forms
of acne are sycotic in origin, and especially is the 'red mole',
which is a positive diagnostic sign of hereditary or acquired
sycosis. It is a tertiary symptom which appears more frequently
upon the chest or anterior portion of the body, although it may
occur anywhere, varying in size from that of a pin-head to that
of a pea. There is no other eruption like it. It is smooth, round, shiny,
often red as blood and of the appearance of a polka dot on the skin.
Desires and Aversions:— Craves beer; meats arouse the
latent sycosis as in psora. The sycotic patient should take meat
sparingly, and should have more nuts, beans or cheese. Gouty
conditions cannot digest meats. He is usually < by eating any kind
of food, and > by laying on the stomach or by pressure.
Extremities:— Sycosis has the rheumatic conditions that
we may expect. There are tearing pains in the joints, which are
< during rest, < during cold damp weather, > moving or
stretching, > dry weather. There are pains in the small joints with
infilterations and deposits. Stiffness, soreness and lameness are
characteristics of this stigma. The troubles in the joints, where
there are deposits of lime salts as in arthritis deformans are
sycotic. The gouty diathesis has a sycotic base.
Sycotic rheumatism is characterized by stiffness, soreness
and tearing pains which are worse during rest, in cold, wet
feather, and better from stretching, moving and in dry weather.
Arthritic nodes on the fingers and elsewhere, arthritis deformans
and the gouty diathesis have a sycotic base.
Heart:— There are pains about the heart and dyspnoea,
these conditions are > from gently exercise, as slow walking or
riding. When the heart condition is of rheumatic origin, there is
sometimes severe pain very much < by motion. These patients
have soft, slow, easily compressible pulse; the valves are
roughened, the muscles become flabby and soft and in long
continued cases they lack power. As a rule these patients are
fleshy and puffy; their obesity is the cause of their dyspnoea. In
the combination of sycosis and psora we get the right soil for
valvular and cardic disturbances with change in the organic
structure. These are the conditions that cause fatalities suddenly
without any warning. If anasarca develops, it never becomes very
extensive, for these patients are apt to die suddenly; they snuff
out like a candle. Sycotic heart does not have fear or apprehension
but the psoric patient has.
Pulse soft, slow, easily compressed or compressible. (Small
like a thread and rapid, tuberculosis.) In the fevers of the psorics,
the pulse is hard and full. In the fevers of the sycotics there is
not the psoric tension.
Metabolic Sphere:— Sycosis disturbs general metabolism
as manifested by dwarfish, emaciation (often of particular part)
anaemia, lymphatic disorders, (struma) and also various endocrinal
disorders like cretinism (imperfect development of brain with
mental imbecility) and myxoedema (Like mucus), addison's
disease etc. It particularly disturbs pigment metabolism and
produces hyperpigmentation and depigmentation in patches or
diffuse, in different parts.
"Sycosis affects the soft tissues and not the bones."
Suppurative appendicitis, peritonitis and haemorrhoida!
tumours, painful and bleeding are sycotic.
Discharges:— The fishbrine odour is characteristic of the
sycotic taint and it may appear in all the discharges, but especially
in the discharges from the genital tract. The sycotic discharges,
like the tubercular, are greenish or greenish yellow. The sycotic
child is sour smelling in all ways, even the stools smell sour.
 The leucorrhoea of sycosis is watery, yellowish, green,
sometimes scanty, acrid producing pruritus and burning in the
parts; odour of decomposed fish. The patient has to wash often
on account of the odour and the acridity of the flow. Sometimes
flow produces small vesicles or excoriations that cause her to lose
all patience.
All discharges are a source of relief to the sycotic patient.
The return of a catarrhal discharge, a leucorrhoea, the menstrual
flow, the breaking out of warts or fibrous growths, and especially
the reinstatement of a urethral discharge in the male, are followed
by amelioration, even of the mental state but discharges corrode
the parts and have characteristic odour.
Urinary Organs:— A sycotic element in children is that
they scream when urinating (Sars). Painful spasms affecting
urethra and bladder. Gout of the bladder, prostatic troubles where
sycosis is the exciting medium. Fibrous changes in kidney,
bright's disease. Diabetic patient is usualy tubercular but when
combined with sycosis the condition becomes much more
malignant.
Bowels:— Typical faeces of tht Sycotic: yellowish,
greenish, watery, white or greenish mucus, expelled with force.
Acid corosive, burns or scalds the buttock. Itching in the anus
with scanty secretion of a watery nature, with decomposed fish
like odour. A sycotic patient frequently has gushing stools
expelled with great force. They are always preceded and
accompanied by gripping colic and the colic always makes him
irritable. All bowels and intestinal troubles of sycotic origin have
constant symptoms of colic; whether it is diarrhoea or haemorrhoids.
Teething troubles of children, sweating of the head, sour
diarrhoea and infantile cholera are also sycotic.
Diarrhoea in children, greenish, watery, sour smelling,
cutting colics. In sycosis the child does not like to be left alone,
wants to be moved about and carried in arms. The child's colic
is > lying face downward, or from hard pressure. We are
accustomed to lay them down across the pillow, face downward,
and walk about with them continually, stroking softly with the
right hand the vertebral column and placing the left hand over the
abdomen. The explanation is; sycosis. The child is worse from fruits.
 Sexual Sphere:— The menstrual pains are spasmodic,
extremely sharp colicy; very often pains and disease of uterus and
reproductive organs. The most frequent location of the sycotic
manifestations in women is in the pelvic organs. Pelvic inflammations
such as inflammation of the ovaries, inflammatory processes of
the fallopian tubes, in fact, all the inflammatory disease of the
female pelvis may be traced to this taint. Ovarian cysts, fibroids,
leucorrhoea, sterility or one child sterility are sycotic. In men
orchitis, prostatitis, urethritis, stricture urethra, offensive moistness
of perineum region are the result of sycosis taint.
This miasm makes the woman suffer in all her reproductive
organs and which (official) medicine has been unable to cure. The
surgeons are called in to remove part or entire organs. The result
is they suppress all manifestation of sycosis: the woman remains
infirm, very infirm; because at times and generally speaking there
is produced a cerebral metastasis; the insane asylums are full of
these cases. A thinness consumes her. They do not know the
history, character and action of the miasm.
The pelvic organs are one of the main spheres of attack, and
many of the troubles of women such as menstrual disturbances,
growths in womb, and troubles of pregnancy and child birth are
due to an inherited or acquired sycosis.
The menstrual flow is acrid, excoriating and burning; goes
on with the colics, is fetid, with coagulus large and dark coloured.
Both Kent and Roberts fail to mention the sterility of both
male and female, so often the result of gonorrhoeal infection.
Allen says, "It causes sterility, even to a greater degree than
syphilis. Not infrequently sterility follows after the first birth, but
if a mild or latent form of the disease be present, it may not follow
until the birth of the second child The cause of sterility lies
more frequently, I think, with husband who have had repeated
attacks of gonorrhoea previous to marriage, than with the wives."
Girls who have been vaccinated at the age of 12 will suffer
from dysmenorrhoea and amenorrhoea. It also causes deep
troubles of puberty.
Modalities:— Sycotic patient is worse from sunrise to
sunset (4 A.M. to 6 P.M.), aggravation of all symptoms on
thinking of them. Irritable during cloudy weather, rainy weather,
uncovering; better by sea side, warmth, covering, moving about
after sunset. The sytotic patient is a barometer.When it rains he
has pain, when the atmosphere is filled with moisture he suffers,
when the elements clash, his organism is at war with itself. The
rain, the snow, the cold, the barometer's rise and fall are his
enemies. Worse rest; patient is better moving, by rubbing,
stretching and better in dry, fair weather.
The sycotic has a slow recovery.
To sum up, sycosis is the miasm OK constitutional state of
excess, of exuberance, of ostentation, of flight. A sycotic is
covetous, distrustful and suspicious, when angered he screams
and shouts and is always in hurry. A pert girl who sways as she
walks, revealing through her dress her best lines or prominent
area is predominantly a sycotic. (Dr. Ortega & others)
 Syphilis*

"The wages of sin is death and the wages of sex sin is

syphilis." —J.H. Allen.
Syphilitic miasm is the result of impure coition. The
chancre** appears after an impure coition usually between the

* Syphilis is caused by the inoculation of a spiral germ, Treponema

pallidium, into the skin or mucous membrane. Incubation period varies
from 10 to 90 days. A small painless ulcer either visible or concealed, at
the site of inoculation of the germ is the first sign of syphilis. The ulcer
may persist for two to six weeks and contains living T r e p o n e m a
pallida.
This is followed by the secondary stage, when skin rash, mucous
membrane lesions, pains in bones and joints and enlargement of lymph
modes are observed. The disease is highly contagious during the first two
years of its existence. Blood test for syphilis, VDRL is invariably positive
in the late primary and the secondary stage.
** Chancre is the name of the primary syphilitic ulcer, which is the first
form of syphilis itself.
Chancres are distinguished according to their nature 1st the
superficial chancre; 2nd, the indurated chancre; and 3rd, the phagedenic
gangrenous, or sloughing chancre. The superficial ulcer has its margins,
which are considerably elevated, sometimes spongy, but not accompa-
nied with induration. The edges are never jagged fc it always sharply
circumcribed; the sore looks clean of a flesh red colour; the discharge is
thin, copious, and generally mixed with blood; this form usually heals
quickly. The indurated chancre has its edges more or less jagged,
elevated, slightly painful, with a copper coloured cicatrices; its base is
indurated and lardaceous, the ichor adhering very firmly, which wash-
ing will not relieve. The discharge is of a light yellow colour, viscid and
glutinous, occasionally acrid and offensive, staining the linen; this
variety extends far more in depth than breadth. The phagedenic chancre
develops itself in scrofulous individuals, there is little induration, but its

Continued to page 30
seventh and 14th day, rarely sooner or later mostly on the
membranes infected by the miasms, first as a little pustule which
changes into impure ulcer with raised border and stinging pain
which, if not cured, remains standing on the same place during
a man's life time only increasing with the years, while the
secondary symptoms of the venereal disease (syphilis) cannot
break out as long as it exists.... In a few days after taking a dose
of mercury, the chancre (without external application) becomes
a clean sore with a mild pus and heals itself..... as a convincing
proof that a venereal malady is fully extinguished within.
Hunter says, "Not one patient in fifteen will escape syphilis
if the chancre is destroyed by external applications," and
again, "The result of destroying the chancre over so early and
even on the first day of its appearance, if this is effected by local
application was always the consequent outbreak of syphilis." And
he quotes Fabre's Venereal Diseases, "Syphilis always follows on
the destruction of the chancre by local application."
And Hahnemann says, "I have never, in my practice of more
than fifteen year, seen any trace of venereal disease break out,
so long as the chancre remained untouched in its place, even if
this were a space of several years But whenever anyone is
so imprudent as to destroy this vicarious local symptom, the
organism is ready to cause the internal syphilis to break out into
the venereal disease; since the general venereal disease dwells in
the body fro n the first moment of infection The miasm has
already become the property of the whole organism. All wiping off
and washing off however speedy, and with whatever fluid this be
done, is too late-is invain."

Continued from page 29

edges are thin shaggy, or rolled up, of a brown or violet colour, the
secretion thin and fetid. The ulcer is usually covered with a gray layer
of false membrane, beneath which the destruction of the tissues proceeds
alarmingly, particularly when badly treated. It is very much subject to
dangerous haemorrhage, and, in severe cases, becomes gangrenous. The
sloughing chancre is a black spot, which extends, breaks, and discloses
a corroded surface; the ulcer now presents a dark blue or livid crimson
margin, is excessively painful, and if not quickly arrested, particularly when
occurring under unfavourable circumstances, sloughs rapidly, destroying
whole of the external sexual organs, and even the neighbouring parts.
 When the offspring is affected with the syphilitic taint he
will not show the direct effect in the primary chancre, for by that
time the disease has passed into the second generation, the fault
has become thoroughly married to the life forces and it becomes
a part of his being. This results in many constitutional tendencies
such as deformities, chronic catarrhal conditions of the nose and
throat, malformations of teeth and bony structure, ulcers etc.
Children with ashy faces and the appearance of marasmus are
syphilitic. This stigma destroys not only the tissues but also the
power of the body to assimilate proper material from food. They
suffer from large cervical glands and enlarged tonsils.
Patients with inherited syphilis are imbeciles and idiotic.
They are mentally dull, stupid, sullen, morose, melancholy and
have fixed ideas which are not removed by any amount of
explanation. In their slowness of comprehension the thoughts
vanish and they forget what they were about to say.
The appearance of the people suffering from the syphilitic
miasm often tells the story at a glance, for we observe that the
head is large and bulging, the hair is moist, gluey, greasy and with
offensive odour, the hair falls out in bunches beginning first on
the vertex and then on the temples. The hair on eyebrows and
eyelashes fall and the hair in the beard falls. Elderly people often
complain that the hair in the eye lashes break and turn inward
causing much irritation in the conjuctiva. Clo;e examination
would reveal that in these great enlarged heads the sutures are
soft, the fontanelles remain open after the normal time of closing
and there is general hydrocephaloid appearance of head. The
scalp is moist in general. The scalp perspires. The eruptions on
the scalp are moist. The eyes are astigmatic and there are
deformities of the lens and of the cornea. Remember, syphilis
deforms every thing. Ulceration of cornea, ulceration of lid sets
in the patient does not tolerate artificial light.
There are deep fissures especially in the lips. The children
with ashy grey faces and appearance of marasmus are basically
syphilitic. High cheek bones, thick lips, voice coarse, deep and
often hollow; eyelids red, inflamed and scaly, crusty lashes,
broken stubby and regularly curved. The nails are characteristics,
being paper thin, sometimes spoon shaped, bending and tearing
easily. The natural convexity is reversed. (This is also there in
pseudo psora.)
The chief spheres of attack are the soft tissues, such as are
found in the mouth, nose and throat (most septic throat troubles
are of syphilitic origin) and the long bones. No tissue, however,
is exempt and the nervous system, the liver, the arterial system,
the urinary system, and the intestinal tract may all suffer.
Mind*:— The syphilitic mind is destructive, slow, imbe-
cile. He can not concentrate or comprehend, has all disgust for
life and dwells on committing suicide. Man knows by nature that
his own life is the dearest to him, but so grossly is the man
unmanned by syphilis that he is made to forget all love for life.
He can very easily destroy himself or anybody or any precious
thing quite cold bloodedly. An urge for destruction seems to be
his only emotion. The syphilitic subject may be called an
iconoclast both in idealistic as well as materialistic sense. Quite
often from suppression of both syphilis and sycosis a baisler
meningitis is set up which induces all forms of mental aberrations
(deviation from truth). Desire to escape even to get away from
self (tendency to commit suicide). Syphilitic miasm leads to
suicidal, even homicidal and to indulging in antisocial activities,
e.g., pyromania or incendiarism. Religious bigotry belongs to it.
Of all the destructive miasms, syphilis leads to deficiency
disorders of v arious forms; rickets, achondroplasia, osteomalacia,
anaemia, microcephaly and various deformities; or destructive
disorders, fragility of bones. As syphilis commences to occupy
the interior tissues of man; the periosteum, the bones and the brain
are tissues that are sought out as principal sites.

In the syphilitic patient, his thoughts and ideas vanish away

from him and he has not the menial ability to bring them back;
he reads over and over again a verse or a few lines, but he cannot
retain it; in a moment it is gone from him; there seems to be a
sort of mental paralysis; he even forgets what he was about to

* Mentally, the patient with the syphilitic miasm will openly or in a veiled
manner, be prepared for violence in his reaction to his family and to society ;
he upraids those close to him on the slightest pretext or harangues the
multitudes to take up arms and commit acts of terrorism.
utter. Sometimes we see this so marked in tubercular children all
through their school days, despite the attempt to whip them into
line with other children whose minds are clear and strong and who
have no such mental depression or devitalizing element in their
organism.
Syphilis has a marked irritability, an aversion to those
intimately associated with the family, or the business partner. It
is critical and destructive and is related to varying shades and
degree of anti social conduct, hatred, jealousy, vindictiveness.
These patients live under constant taint of modern perversion,
which is shown by the frequent washing of hands (Syphilinum).
This represents a deep seated depravity, a subconscious accep-
tance of the same, and a desire to cleans the temple, a factor seen
in the gradual destruction of the cerebral cells in paresis.
Head:— Syphilitic headaches are persistently occipital or
occur on one side of the head. They are worse from heat, sunset
till down, from motion, from exertion mental or physical and
better by cold application. Headache is always at night. It runs
on for the whole night in the heat of the bed, and it disappears
in the morning. The aggravation begins in the evening and
increases as the night advances and decreases with the gradual
approach of morning. Headache worse from warmth. A child with
syphilitic headaches will bore his head into the pillow or roll the
head into the pillow or roll the head from side to side. Often times
the syphilitic patient complains of a band about the head, which
is probably due to a slight effusion from the meningeal surfaces.
Besides the headache, the syphilitic head has profuse sweating
and this sweat is invariably fetid smelling. The headaches that
come on rest days are usually psoric and syphilitic. Syphilitic
headaches are usually < riding, > by motion, < by exertion, either
mental or physical.
Headache of neuralgic character that causes insomnia and
delirium at night, begins at 4 P.M. and is worse at 10 or 11 P.M.
and ceases at day break. Headache with sea-sickness, intolerable
pains, the arteries leading to the head congested and pulsating
violently.
 A lancinating pain in the occiput that causes insomnia at
night and ceases with daylight. Gravitative, contusive, incisive
pains from one part of the base of the cerebellum to the other.
Headache from one temple to the other, and from there vertically
in the form of the letter T. Headache lasting many months, sharp,
oppressive, over the right eye and penetrating deeply as it were
into the brain.
Syphilitic patients frequently have high blood pressure, due
to atheroma or nephritic obstruction. Their hair is moist, greasy,
offensive and falls out in bunches, first on the vertex. Hair on
other parts falls. The hair of the beard is often ingrowing, the
eyelashes break off and turn inward, especially in elderly patients.
The scalp continuously perspires, and may be covered with a
scabby, oozing eruption.
Eyes and Vision:— Syphilitic miasm makes serious
inroads upon the structure of the eyes; e.g. ulceration of cornea
and lid. The eyes are apt to be astigmatic and donot tolerate
artificial light. Ptosis of the eye lid and greenish yellow discharge
from eyes are syphilitic. Changes in the lens are always syphilitic
or tubercular. The child who squints is very often a product of
hereditary syphilis. Syphilitic eye troubles are worse in the
artificial light.
Chronic blistery infection, periodically, of the cornea,
successive outbreak of vesicles on the epithelial cap of the cornea
with photophobia. Interstitial keratitis. Swollen eyes, closed lids;
from them pus oozes; night aggravation. Sensation as if a current
of cold air were blowing on the eyes. Left ocular globe covered
with fungus vegetation, with pains that are worse at night. Iritris
with photophobia, congestion of the conjunctiva and the sclera, with
swelling, chemosis supra-orbital pain.
Opthalmia acuta of the new born, with the eyelids swollen
during sleep and intensely painful at night. In the eyes; ptosis;
paralysis of the superior oblique, sleepy aspect from ptosis. Diplopia,
they see one image below the other.
Nose and Smell:— Bones of the nose are destroyed.
Ulceration, thick crusts often fill whole nasal cavity. The crusts
are dark, greenish, black or brownish. Nasal discharges or
snuffles may or may not be offensive.
Caries of nasal bones, palate and septum, with perforation.
E A R — Abscess in the left ear exuding a large quantity of
pus. Scarce humor, acrid, watery, that flows from time to time
from the ears without deafness (syphilis and psora). Deafness that
increases gradually until the patient hears nothing. Thick yellow
crusts, and oozings thick yellow pus. Eczema behind ears having
thick foetor pus are a combination of syphilis and psora.
Face, Mouth and Teeth:— In syphilitic patients the face
has a greyish, greasy appearance. The infant too has a grey
appearance. Sunken nasal bridge, prominent forehead are syphi-
litic stigmata in the new born. It looks old, puckered, weakened,
dried up, wrinkled like an old man. Actual ulcer in the mouth is
syphilitic. Psora never develops ulcers of itself, but the syphilitic
taint is very prone to this. Pathological and structural changes
take place in the dental arch and the teeth come through deformed,
irregular shape and irregular in order of eruption. Teeth decay
along the edges of the gums; edges like a saw. The decay of teeth
is even before they are entirely through the gums. Saliva is apt
to be increased. Excessive flow of saliva from the mouth during
sleep, (if it is not from taenia.)
Taste:— Metallic or copper taste. More of metallic taste
is purely syphilitic while syphilis with psora has a saliva which
is ropy and viscid with blood taste.
Desires and Aversions:— An aversion to meat, desires
cold things to eat and drink. Does not like animal food, nor
tolerates them. Amongst animal foods, he has some liking for milk
only, but he does not tolerate it so well.
Skin:— Eruptions are crusty and oozing pus, and the skin
is greasy and sweaty and there is much offensiveness to the
odours. The hair tends to fall out. Eruptions found around the
joints, or in the flexure of the body are of a copper coloured or
raw hem coloured and are prone to assume a crescentric form.
No itching and very little soreness. Scales and crusts thick and
heavy patches in circumscribed spots are syphilitic. The gan-
grenes of the skin and dry gangrenes show their destructiveness
of the syphilitic stigma. The most striking feature of syphilitic
eruptions is that they are not sensitive and do not itch. Itching starts
if psora is present.
Upper and Lower Extremities:— Syphilis attacks the long
bones of upper or lower extremities. Pain in the periosteum and
long bones is the result of syphilitic miasm. The bones are soft,
rickety and curved, as seen frequently in bow legged children.
They lack the hard earthy matter necessary to make a firm bone.
They are so soft and flexible that many a time children, will not
bear the weight of their body and when they first begin to walk,
their feet become deformed or the long bones become curved or
bowed like a barrel stave.
Bone pains and deformities and gangrene are seen in
syphilitics.
The pains of syphilis are lancinating, boring; or dull, heavy.
Above all, they are persistent, continuous, and always worse at
night and from heat. The patient longs for the light of the day
and dreads the coming of the night.
Organs of Generation:— Syphilis seldom attacks the
ovaries or the uterus. Abortions are the cause and result of
syphilitic miasm. Malignancies develop when syphilis is com-
bined with other miasms.
Leucorrhoea profuse, soaking through the clothes and
running through to the heels: equal to that produced by the alum
used in the aqueducts.
Discharges:— Syphilitic patients are aggravated by the
natural avenues of elimination; sweating aggravates rather than
ameliorates; profuse urination and diarrhoea never ameliorates.
On the other hand he feels greatly improved by unusual discharges,
viz. catarrhal or leucorrhoeal discharges or the discharge from an old
ulcer.
Bowel:— Obstinate constipation for years together. The
rectum seems to be obstructed. Enemas cause labour like pains.
After bowel movement, exhaustion. Ano-rectal fissures; rectal
prolapse. Indurated ulcers in the anal orifice, excoriated, itching,
(syphilis and psora)
 Modalities:;— Syphilitic troubles, whatever these troubles
may be, are always worse at night, worse from heat of bed at night
which continue till morning. The growing pains of children are
syphilitic especially when aggravated at night, in storms or
change of weather. The syphilitic patient is worse by heat, during
rest and better in open air, cold and uncovering. The malignancy
of syphilitic miasm are prone to develop at the age of forty.
To sum up, the person with a large and bulging head, moist
hair, greasy appearance, who goes by ill faced and mistrustfully
as if despising us with his offensive looks, who is ready for a
defiant act or an aggressive movement, whose spirit is clouded
with degenerative deprivation with its tendency towards destruction
and death, presents a picture of syphilitic miasm.
 Tubercular Diathesis
(Pseudo Psora)

Tubercular diathesis is the combination of the syphilitic and

psoric stigmata, hence it has characteristic symptoms of both. It
is, however, not necessary that every psora syphilitic patient
should have tuberculosis but every tubercular patient must have both.
In babes and children and young persons under 20 years of
age we find very widely dilated pupils, the tubercularly inclined
children have structural changes in the ear. Everything that
attacks them such as cold or sore throats or any of the so acute
diseases shows its relation to the stigmatic combination of
suppuration of ear. This suppuration no matter how painful is the
safety valve of child life. In appearance these people develop very
large ears. The lobe of the ear is pale, white and transparent.
In tubercular stage combined with syphilis, the child will have
haemorrhage from the nose at the slightest provocation.
Tubercular children may have diarrhoea every now and then
from the day that they are born until they are two or three year
old. The least error in diet or exposure to cold produces it. When
the children begin the eruption of the first teeth the diarrhoea often
begins or else if present, they grow worse and continue throughout
the entire period of dentition, coming or going at the appearance
of eruption of the tooth. A tubercular child cannot take cow's milk
in any shape; the casein has to be modified before they can digest,
it at all. They thrive better on anything else than milk.
In tubercular diathesis there are circumscribed red spots
on the cheeks of adults or children. There are also hot flushes
other than at the climacteric period. A tubercular child may be
plump with a white clean skin and long beautiful silky lashes.
Children with weak wrists and ankle joints are tubercular. In
fevers of the tubercular patients the face is pale with circumscribed
redness on the cheek bones; in the morning the face is intensely
pale. Red lids are a combinations of the psora and syphilis in
the tubercular diathesis. Tubercular children sometimes have a
strawberry tongue and suffer from adenoids.
The tubercular individual has a feeble constitution. He lacks
vitality, is debilitated, nervous and always tired. He usually has
a thin neck. His pale sunken face sometimes has circumscribed
red patch on each cheek. He has indurated glands every where—a
syphilitic manifestation. The shape of the tubercular abdomen is
saucer shaped or like that of a large plate turned bottom side up.
The spleen region bulging out. The fingers of tubercular
individuals are long and do not taper gradually but are blunt or
club shaped at their extremities. Often the hands are blue, thin,
soft, flabby and easily compressed, usually very moist or often
cold, damp, perspiring profusely. Nails are thin as paper and bend
easily. Many of the tubercular nails are spotted or show white
specks in them here and there.
Tubercular constitutions look for the delicate skin (unlike
the dirty skin of pure psora), the cold blue extremities, the long
silken eyelashes, the thin neck and sunken chest bones.
In the syphilitic psoric type we find the changes in the chest
wall which is narrow, lacking not only width laterally, but depth
anteroposteriorly, the sub-clavicular spaces are hollow, even the
action of the diaphragm is limited. While there may be no
structural change in the lung itself, there is a less air capacity
and less residual air in the lung. The very structural changes
eventually bring about occlusion of the air cells and the formation
of foci, for these people are very poor breathers. The pumping
power is so cramped that they are incapable of supplying
sufficient oxygen for the body needs. The tuberculosis produces
its destruction by first cramping the aeration of the red blood cell
through the formation of the bony structure.
The classical tubercular type is the thin, stoop shouldered
person with low resistance and a tendency to colds.
The tubercular people suffer from neuralgias, prosopalgia,
sciaticas, insomnias, hysterias, and all the nervous symptoms
peculiar to the diathesis. Lymphatic involvement of the abdomen
is of tubercular origin, as also the hernia. The diabetic patient
as a rule is tubercular and may have nocturnal enuresis with
aggravation during sleep and soon after falling asleep. In the
rectum strictures, sinuses, fistula and pockets are all of
tubercular origin, but these conditions ace more frequent and in
much aggravated form when combined with the sycotic stigma.
Pin worms or intestinal worms are the part and parcel of
tubercular miasm. Granulations of the eye lids as well as styes
are also tubercular. Corns and hypertrophies are tubercular
manifestations. Voricose veins are of tubercular origin. Urticaria
occur in tubercular diathesis. Boils which tend towards
suppuration and pain are a manifestation of combined psora and
syphilis. Syphilis seldom attacks the ovaries or the uterus, but in
pathological conditions we occasionally find a manifestation of
the tubercular diathesis. Ring worms have relation with tuberculosis.
Mental:— Mental symptoms are particularly marked. The
patient is sullen, taciturn, irritable disposition, generally critical
of everybody around him and of the conditions in which he has
to live. He has a constant desire for change and is always wanting
to go somewhere and to do something different.
Changeability is marked in tubercular miasm. Happy at one
moment and sad at another. Changeability is also seen at the level
of perception, thoughts, desires (capriciousness) and will.
A curious symptom is his optimism in acute lung disease.
Although his case may be hopeless, he still thinks he will get
better. He cannot rest at night for persistent tormenting thoughts
which he carries through his head (this is one of the psoric
symptoms). Tubercular children can be very difficult. They are
slow in comprehension, dull, unable to keep a line of thought,
unsocial; keeps to himself and becomes sullen and morose. They
are inclined to be whining and fretful, obstinate and given to fits
of temper if they are approached for medical examination or any
purpose which they do not like.
Sometimes the mental condition is so bad that borders on
insanity. There is a direct connection between tuberculosis and
some forms of insanity. Kent says that "Phthisis and insanity are
convertible conditions, the one falls into the other", and also that
"the intellectual symptoms and the lung symptoms are interchangeable."
Head:— Headache occurring every Sunday or rest days,
worse on riding in carriage or due to the least usual ordeal, as
preparing for examinations, meeting with strangers; headaches
with deathly coldness of hands and feet with prostration, sadness
and general despondency. Headache with red face and rush of
blood to head. Headache better by nose bleed. With headache
there is a sensation of the head being squeezed as if with an iron
band. The headache extends from the neck to the forehead and
the pain is usually burning and piercing. In tubercular headache
of children, they strike, knock or pound their head with their
hands or against some object. Great hunger before headaches.
Hunger before and during headaches.
Hydrocephalus and meningitis are forms of tuberculosis and
many a cure of these diseases has been effected with Bacillinum.
Eyes:— In babes and children and young people below
twenty years of age, widely dilated pupils are the indication of
the tubercular diathesis. Granulations of lids and styes. The long
silken eyelashes are tubercular.
Ear:— The ear is often a safety valve in tubercular
children. It relieves them of many serious troubles liable to occur
during dentition. Abscesses of the ear often relieve many quite
severe meningeal difficulties in children. If they are free from
troubles, they invariably suffer from throat affections, especially
tonsils. The eczematous eruptions about the ears and especially
the humid eruptions pustules, fissures and incrustations behind
the ear are generally of tubercular origin.
Nose:— A tubercular patient will have a haemorrhage from
the nose from the slightest provocation-blowing the nose, a slight
blow, or washing the face even will produce it in some people.
The catarrhal discharge in tubercular patients is thick, usually
yellow and of the odour of old cheese.
Face:— There is swelling of the face in the pretubercular
patients in the morning after waking and after a nap. In tubercular
patient, physically speaking, the face and head is often seen to
be of the shape of a pyramid with the apex at the chin. The nose
may be well shaped, the features are sharp, the eyes unusually
bright, often sparkling, the nostrils are small, the openings
narrow. Acne rosacea has a tubercular base.
Hunger:— The tubercular type of patients have ravenous
hunger; immediately after full meal, hunger at all times. There
is no time when they cannot eat. Sometimes he has an all gone
 hungry feeling (c.f.Sulphur) which drives him to eat. Or there may
be complete loss of appetite.
Desires and Aversions:— There is much craving for acids,
for sweets, a longing to chew chalk, lime and pencil; a craving
for indigestible things The craving for salt is particularly
noticeable in tubercular diathesis. In these un-natural cravings we
find that they are particularly prone to crave spiritous liquors, and
it is tubercular diathesis which produces the people who are apt
to be drunkards. The tubercular child can not assimilate cow's
milk, such child has undigested curd in his stool.
Taste:— In tubercular type there is putrid sweet taste in
the mouth. A putrid taste or taste of blood or pus is found in the
. tubercular patient. The expectoration is purulent, greenish,
yellow, often offensive, usually sweetish or salty.
Heart:— The tubercular diathesis has many heart symptoms,
showing the psoric parentage. The patient is much worried, wants
to keep still. They are much < by higher altitudes; cannot climb
stairs or ascend hills, cannot breathe well on ascending. They
have no difficulty in decending. With these heart conditions there
is a cyanosis that is often painful.
Urinary Organs:— The tubercular patient complains of
anxiety and much loss of strength after urination. Diabetic
patients are as a rule, strongly tubercular. The urine of these
tubercular tainted patients is often offensive and easily decomposed,
the odour is musty, like old hay or it is foul smelling, even carrion
like. Tubercular children suffer from nocturnal enuresis which is
copious and they drench everything. Haematuria will be found
more frequently under the tubercular diathesis. Nightly pollution
and all involuntary discharges of semen have pseudo psoric taint
behind them.
Bowels:— The stool is apt to be slimy, bloody, with a
musty, mouldy smell; nausea and gagging before stool. Patient is
frequently driven out of the bed in the morning with diarrhoea,
but sometimes constipation alternates with diarrhoea. In constipation
the stool is large and hard. Sometimes in the tubercular child the
stools are ashy or grayish in colour, showing lack of bile matter.
Haemorrhage from the rectum are the sign-posts of tuberculosis.
The characteristic alteration of the symptoms in the tubercular
 patient may be noted in the alteration of rectal diseases with heart,
chest or lung trouble especially in asthma or respiratory
difficulties. Very often, operated or suppressed haemorrhoids will
-be followed by asthmatic manifestations, often accompanied by
heart troubles.
The Sexual Sphere:— The menstrual anomalies of tubercular
patient present often severe pictures of sufferings. There is
prolonged and copious flow and patient is exhausted (c.f.
Calcarea carb), but in severe cases they may be absent altogether.
The haemorrhage of bright red blood are sometimes accompanied
by vertigo, fainting and with pallor of the face, which is worse
by rising from recumbent position. Menses appearing every two
or three weeks and patient feels badly a week before they appear;
suffering in many ways with headaches, backaches, gastric
disturbances. Occasionally the menses appear with diarrhoea,
with epistaxis, with febrile states, optical illusions, roaring in the
ears, sensitive to noises, loss of appetite, abdominal pains, nausea
and bitter vomiting. Usually in marked cases the uterus is
retroverted or retroflexed and many of these sufferings date
sometimes soon after puberty. We have the same relaxed
muscular system throughout. The labour pains of tubercular
women are often difficult, severe, prolonged, exhausting and
many of them are unable to nourish their children.
Excessive desire for sex leading to masturbation, and
nymphonia. Spermatorrhoea and night pollution during sleep
without dreams. Loss of all enthusiasm. Emission of semen during
defaection of micturition.
Modalities:— The psoric syphilitic patient is sensitive to
every change in weather especially to cold and to damp, and cold
aggravates all his symptoms. Yet he can not endure much heat;
the heat from the stove may drive him from the room. He
suffocates in warm room and can only breathe easily when out
in the cold wind. He longs for open air, likes cold food and drinks
and loves—riding in a storm.
There is evening aggravation with a rise in temperature and
a rapid pulse. The patient sweats in bed at night and wakes up
in the morning with a sore bruised feeling all over his body.
 Scrofula
The disease scrofula owes its origin to the combination of
psora and syphilis. It is neither wholly due to the action of Psora
nor that of syphilis. In fact it partakes of many of the peculiarities
and characteristics of psora as well as many of the prominent
features of syphilis.
Scrofula, or struma as it is also called, is a constitutional
state which manifests itself in peculiarly intractable inflamma-
tions, especially of the skin, eyes, eyelids and glands, and in a
tendency to tuberculosis of the lungs, abdomen, or membranes of
the brain. The constitution is generally inherited, but it is
remediable, either completely or to a very large extent. The
underlying cause of it all is the presence of the psoric "miasm"
as described by Hahnemann in his "Chronic Diseases". Though
not indentical with "Psora" scrofula forms a large section of the
diseases described by Hahnemann as psoric. It is analogous to
constitutional or inherited syphilis, and not unfrequently the two
"miasms" are combined in the same person.
Scrofulous individuals are much more susceptible to morbid
influences, and are thus more liable to take colds and inflamma-
tions than other people, and when they do become affected, they
are longer in getting well. The processes of life are more sluggish,
and as the lymphatics are intimately concerned with the process
of repairing waste tissues, they naturally suffer more almost than
any other part. It is for this reason that in the public mind the
presence of enlarged glands in the neck has come to be regarded
as the sign and proof of scrofula. And though there are many
scrofulous persons who have no diseased glands, and many who
had glands abscesses who are not scrofulous, still the popular
view may be accepted as in the main correct. (J.H. Clarke)
The words struma, scrofula and psora are treated as
synonymous but it is not correct. In psora we have no involvement
of the lymphatics, which is a prominent characteristic of scrofula.
It is true that it has many features in common with psora, yet it
has the action of syphilis which is more specific than that of psora.
Points of similarity between syphilis and scrofula are given below :
(1) Syphilis and scrofula both diseases in all stages concentrate
their force upon the glandular system and especially upon the
lymphatics.
(2) Both have the same tendency to ulceration and to puriform
decomposition of their exudations.
(3) Both have the same preference to locate themselves upon the
organs of special sense-ear, eye, nose, skin; also in the osseous
tissues.
(4) The periosteal inflammations and changes that take place in
those scrofulous patients are very similar to those produced by
syphilis.
(5) In skin disease, both are generally multiform or polymorphic
in character and are usually free from itching, except wher.^ the
psoric influence is more prominent. The skin eruption in both
diseases may come in the form of nodules, papula, litchen,
prurigo, urticaria or hives.
(6) Scrofulous ophthalmia is only a modified form of syphilis.
(7) There is no difference between scrofulous ulceration and a
hereditary form of tertiary syphilis. Both have the tendency to
decomposition and to the formation of tubercle. <•>
(8) If a scrofulous person contracts syphilis, this acquisition
augments his diathesis and develops tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis is also a combination of psora and syphilis.
As such there is hardly any difference between tubercular
diathesis and scrofula. The difference is in the degree of the psoric
and the tubercular combination, with the conditions of climate,
race and other similar associations.
As scrofula is the full grown tree with all its luxuriant
foliage, tuberculosis is the blossom, often the degenerative stage
of scrofula. William Osier, in his pathological work, says, "That
scrofula is tubercle, and that the bacillus of koch is the essential
element." The virus which produces adenitis in scrofula produces
in other parts tuberculosis. We know that whenever scrofula takes
on a malignant nature, it usually ends in tuberculosis, either in
the lungs or some other part of the body. In childhood it often
assumes the form of tabes-mesenterica Again, we see it in
those forms of specific anaemia found in scrofulous patients, and
which so frequently ends fatally, and is almost facsimile of
syphilis in its worst form." (J.H. Allen)
In scrofula, the lymphatic glands swell, inflame and the
inflammation may be either local or affecting neighbouring
organs. Scrofulous affections of the organs of sense manifest
themselves in the eyes, either as inflammation of the meibomian
glands, or as conjuctivitis or comeitis; in the- nose there is
obstinate coryza.
Scrofula has two forms, viz, (1) Torpid form, and (2)
Erethic form. Torpid form is represented by uncommonly large
head; coarse features, thick swollen nose and upper lips; broad
cheekbones, large belly, swollen glands on the neck; soft, flabby
muscles.
The erethic form is characterised by conspicuous white
skin, which reddens easily, and through which the blood vessels
shine forth; red lips and cheeks; bluish colour of the sclerotica,
which gives to the eyes an expression of languor; the muscles of
such individuals are thin and flabby, the weight of the body does
not correspond with their size, showing a want of solidity of
bones; their teeth are fair, bluish, glistening, long and narrow, and
their hair is soft. Majority of cases, however, lie between these two.
The skin eruptions have their seat in the face and on the
scalp, and they consist of superficial dermatitis, with exudation
of lymph upon the free surface. The scrofulous affection of the
joints manifest themselves either as effusions or so called white
swellings or even as suppurating process, constituting caries of
the bone ends and destruction of the capsular ligaments, as found
in coxitis, gonarthrocace.
The scrofulous diathesis can be inherited from scrofulous
or tubercular parents. When acquired, it is the result of poor or
faulty diet or by the want of exercise and fresh air. Its course is
always chronic. Its worst feature is its tendency to make children
prone to the worst forms of illness of childhood, such as croup,
hydrocephalus and tuberculosis.
 Cancer

Cancer may be called as a group of diseases characterised

by abnormal uncontrolled, lawless growth of body cells. Cells are
the fundamental units of all living matter. In the normal process
of growth and repair, cells grow and take their places in the
economy of the body according to what may be called the "Rules
of Nature." Sometimes a cell or a group of cells breaks the
ordinary rules of Nature. They grow wildly and behave in a
disorderly manner. They crowd out normal, useful cells and steal
their food supply. When enough of these wild cells cluster
together, they are felt as a lump. Unless the growth of these cancer
cells is arrested and rooted out, the patient dies.
Many names have been given to different cancer cells. For
example, carcinoma is cancer of the epithelial tissues; sarcoma
of connected tissue (bones, muscles); melanoma of the pigment
cells of skin. Leukemia is called cancer of the blood. Cancerous
growths are malignant in nature and another name given to it is
tumour. The disease being fatal is now being recognised as a
separate miasm.
In general, cancer-cachexia is characterised by emaciation,
paleness of the skin and the mucous membranes; ashy coloured
or yellowish colour of the face; brittle, dry harsh and wrinkled,
skin,- peeling off of branny scales, especially from the lower
extremities. The expression of the face is sad; the eyes fallen in;
the malar bones stick out; the ankles are oedematous. Internally
the patient flickers in the agony of frightful pains.
From clinical pathological point, both cancer and tubercle
fall into three distinctive types, viz. 1) formatic or fibrotic type,
2) destructive or degenerative type and 3) fibro-degenerative type.
Fibro type which is the union of sycosis with psora requires anti-
sycotic medicines like-Thuja, Medorrhinum, Aster., Baryta.,
Calcarea carb., Calcarea fluor., Graphites, Lycopodium, Sepia,
Staphisagria etc., and as for the nosode we are to prefer
Scirrhinum to ordinary Carcinocin and Bacillinum to Tuberculi-
ness. Carcinosin is, however, very valuable nosode. In the
degenerative type which has combination of psora with syphilis
requires anti-syphilitic remedies like-Arsenicum alb., Arsenic
iod., Calcarea iod., Carbo ani., Fluoric acid., Mercurius, Nitric
acid., Phytolacca, Silicea etc. In fibro-degenerative type, a
combination of both syco-syphilis, requires remedies covering all
the three miasms.
These facts apply to both tuberculosis and cancer and also
to sarcoma. Of course sarcoma most often shows degenerative
tendency, so we demand anti-syphilitic remedies. Hence we arrive
at a conclusion that there is perhaps no justification of
categorising them as separate miasms.
A scirrhous cancer is the product of psora—sycosis—syphilis.
A sycosis—psora—syphilis will yield an adenoma of apparently
more malignant evolution. A syphilitic—sycotic—psoric cancer
will be represented by sarcomatous forms.
According to Hahnemann psora is the cause of cancer. He
says that the encysted tumours, sarcomas, osteo-sarcoma,
scirrhus, cancer of the lips, cheeks, breast, uterus are the
diseases having origin from psora. While calling uterine cancer
and cancer of the breast as psoric, he puts a sign of interrogation.
This gives an idea that cancer is not exclusively the result of
psoric miasm and those who call it as a psora syphilitic are
equally correct as the syphilitic miasm in its nature is destructive
and cancer tumour destroys the healthy tissues. Cancerous
manifestations of the rectum are the combination of the
tubercular* and sycotic miasms. There is no bar that cancer may
not catch a patient who is psora sycotic.

* Since 1939, Dr. Grimmer has said that the cancer had a tubercular base, sure
enough, symptoms of tuberculosis alternated with those of cancer, one evidently
suppressing the other for the time being. There was never the expectoration of phthisis
cough; dyspnoea was bad, even to almost suffocation when windows must be opened;
night sweats profuse and soreness in chest quite distressing; also emaciation during
the last six monthes. (Julian M. Green)
 Mixed Miasm

Combination of all three stigmata, or in other words a

sycosis implanted on a tubercular background, is of course the
worst combination. Among its lesser results are hay fever,
psoriasis and lupus, but it also leads to degenerative troubles of
all sorts, particularly of vital organs such as the heart, liver,
kidneys and arteries. Cancers are due to this combination of the
three stigmata.
Diseases assume malignant form if one or more miasm is
combined. The tubercular diathesis is the result of such a union,
which is one of the profoundest in its depth of action of any
diseased state or condition that can be named. So we see that
pseudo psora is worse than psora by itself and the same thing can
be said when psora and sycosis are combined. Specific and
malignant, acute, febrile or inflammatory states, as pneumonia,
diphtheria, maligna, syphilis, erysipelas phlagmonous, inflamma-
tion of the brain, heart, kindney, or destructive appendicitis, as
a rule, always have the two miasms present.
Again, when we meet stubborn and determined pathological
states or diseased conditions of an apparently simple nature, such
as pain, neuralgia, headaches, epistaxis, nausea, vamiting,
rheumatism, piles, ulcers, boils or any simple localised condition
not easily amenable to treatment, we may expect two or more
miasms present. The mental symptoms arising from moral
insanity ususlly arise from a mixed miasm.
The three miasms when combined present a picture which
is very difficult to cure. Although one of the three miasms is only
very active at one time, yet one cannot expect an easy condition
during the hours of dormant miasm. We know that psora is
universal and it prepares ground for the other two. Hence it is
difficult to find any individual who is either purely sycotic or
syphilitic.
 The combination of all the three miasms can be traced in
following cases :
(1) Chilblains are the combination of all the stigmas.
(2) Erysipelatous, carcinomatous conditions, epithelioma and
lupus are the manifestations of all the miasms.
(3) Psoriasis has been called the marriage of all the miasms
or stigmata, but its characteristic is predominantly psoric
and sycotic.
(4) In the hay fever type of troubles, which is one of the most
troublesome condition, we have as a base the psoric, the
syphilitic and sycotic. The sycotic remains latent during
the active period, but will come out later, after proper
treatment.
(5) Bright's disease is the manifestation of all the miasms.
(6) In ichthyosis, we have the dryness of psora and squamee
of syphilis and often moles and warty eruptions are
present showing the sycotic element.
(7) In naevus or congenital markings of the skin, all the
miasmatic elements are present.
(8) The fish scale eruptions are also a combination of the
three stigmata, with the dryness of the psora, the
squamous character of syphilis and the overgrowth of
tissue, or the thickened skin manifestations of sycosis.
(9) Dropsy, anasarca, the formation of large tumours, and
various degenerative organic hypertropies, are the prod-
ucts of mixed miasm. They always have a tendency to
expansion and in this way they deform Nature's effort to
ensure the continuation of life.
 Characteristic Symptoms of:

(a) Psora
(1) Timidity, mental disquietude for no apparent cause,
moroseness, want of courage and energy, vanishing of thoughts
while reading, sudden transition from cheerfulness to sadness or
to peevishness without any apparent cause; fearfulness, fear of
falling in the business, precipitation, restlessness and impatience.
Great indolence and repugnance to all exertion, both mental and
physical.
(2) One sided headache (Hemicrania), sharp, severe usually
frontal headache. A tendency for such headache on the slightest
cause, various kinds of pains and various kinds of sensations in
the head.
(3) Chronic headaches. Hunger during the attacks. The brain
feels large. Pain in occiput.
(4) Harsh, irritable temper; want of affection for anybody,
tendency to do evil to others.
(5) Hair is dry, lustreless, tangles easily, breaks and splits.
Falling off of hair and premature grayness of hair. Itches and
ringworm on the head, beneath the hair. Dandruff in the hair.
(6) Sensation as if blood is rushing upward the head with
simultaneous sensation of suffocation, causing both physical and
mental restlessness. This, however, is relieved by a partial
sweating of the face and forehead.
(7) Sensation of nervousness as of ants crawling is character-
istic of psora.
(8) Waves of heat (surges) during change of life.
(9) Pallor of the face; want of usual lustre in the eyes. Redness
of the borders of the lids; tendency to rub the eyes.
(10) Tendency of epistaxis in the children and youths.
(11) Running of nose on the slightest or no cause; or no running of the
nose even from excessive exposure, or there are other kinds of illnesses
but no running of nose.
(12) Crusts in the nose and the tendency to dislodge them with
the finger. Stuffy nose, compelling, respiration by the mouth.
(13) Various kinds of coating on the tongue, fetid smell, dirty
gums; salivation out of proportion.
(14) Vomiting and tendency of vomiting in the morning;
waterbrash, dryness of the tongue. Taste is sour, sweet or bitter.
A burnt taste.
(15) Toothache for slight or no cause. Bleeding from the gums.
(16) Craving for or aversion to particular things. A psoric
patient has a special liking for fried things; he is averse to boiled
food. Desire for sweets and for sour things. Marked craving for
tea, coffee, tobacco or any stimulant.
(17) They are always smelling cooked food, dinners, flowers,
plants etc., and there are odours that cause them nausea,
vomiting, headaches, fainting and vertigo.
(18) Tendency to boils and abscesses in various parts of the
body. Itches, ringworms or rhagades in particular seasons.
(19) Ulceration in the feet and between the fingers in particular
seasons.
(20) Corns in the toes; pain in the corns.
(21) Pains in the stomach aggravated or ameliorated by
particular kinds of food or at particular hour.
(22) The patient does not wish to be touched when in pain as
the least pressure makes him worse.
(23) Unnaturalness of the appetite-either a complete want of
appetite or canine hunger. Hungry but, appetite vanishes at the
sight of food. Hungry immediately after eating.
(24) Unnatural constipation; and diarrhoea alternatively, diar-
rhoea from the slightest irregularity of diet.
(25) Various kinds of pain and sensation in the rectum; bloody
or other kinds of discharge with stool; haemorrhoids! growths.
(26) Worm symptoms in children. They have a tendency for this
parasitical growth in their intestines causing itching, creeping in
the anus, irritability of temper and tearfulness.
(27) All sorts of menstrual disorders, discharge scanty or
profuse; abnormality in the colour and smell of the discharge.
Menses painful.
(28) Excessive sexual appetite, nymphomania, masturbation,
impotency etc.
(29) Exhaustion out of proportion to exertion. Tendency to suffer
long from slight illness. Long lasting pain in the muscles, bones and
nerves on the slightest injury.
(30) Tendency for erysipelas on slight injuries. Any slight injury
on any part of the body causes ecchymosis, and this is gradually
followed by fever putrefaction etc., of the injured part. A tendency
of hyperaemia in any part of the body.
(31) All kinds of unnaturalness of sweats, i.e., excessive sweat
in particular parts only, like forehead, hands and feet, face and
rectum, complete want of sweat or fetid sweat etc.
(32) Unnaturalness of sleep, loss of sleep, sleeping in catnaps,
startling during sleep, crying, grinding of teeth during sleep,
various kinds of sounds in the mouth during sleep, laughing
during sleep. Sense of suffocation during sleep; snoring, restless-
ness and constant changing of sides during sleep; salivation
during sleep. Morning sleep too much prolonged. Sleep full of
dreams-dreams of fear; sweating during sleep; evacuations
during sleep.
(33) Aggravation and amelioration of all kinds of pain in
particular season, during walking, or sitting or lying down.
(34) Different kinds of sounds like gliding in jaw bones during
eating, in knees and other joints during walking, while standing
up from sitting posture or while sitting down.

(35) Worse in summer and winter.

(b) Sycosis
(1) Cross, irritable; absent minded, memory is disastrously
affected; can not rememeber the names of places, of man, of
things, addresses, dates, names of days etc., cannot find
appropriate words to express his idea. Recollection of recents
events is difficult; while the things long past are well remembered.
(2) Tendency to keep every thing secret; will not like to
disclose even facts about his illness. Keeps every thing secret
about his family.
(3) Tendency to shift from one doctor to another. His mind is
tenaciously attached to his ailment, cannot remain long under any
particular treatment; lacks patience, changing disposition.
(4) Suspicion and dissatisfaction. The sycotic has hardly any
reliance upon anything or anybody.
(5) Most selfish and arrogant, internally mean and imprudent
but poses as a pious and holy man. In other words he is one type
within and another type outside and nobody can ever get a true
idea of his actual personality.
(6) The sycotic mind is grossly debased, it makes him liar and
a vicious scoundrel, markes him destitute of all love and
affections of others, makes him mean and selfish.
(7) All the vicious individuals on earth, the thieves, robbers,
murderers are the products of sycosis. It makes a beast of a man.
(8) Sometimes a certain degree of insanity is observed. The
patient keeps on mentioning the same matter again and again. A
sycotic manifests symptoms of insanity from an insignificant to
a remarkable degree.
(9) Vertex headache, headache worse on lying; relieved by
motion. Vertigo on closing the eye (i.e., withdrawing the visual
aid to coordination), disappearing on opening eyes.
(10) Warts, condylomatous growths of various sizes and
colours.
(11) Peculiar anaemia characterised by a waxy, shining, grey
appearance of face with hollow cheeks and voice.
(12) Unable to eat breakfast. Food never seems sufficiently
salty.
(13) Joints — rheumatic and gouty arthritis; the lower limbs and
especially the feet are very painful on walking.
(14) Corona glandis covered with red points or spots.
(15) Sycotic babies often get snuffles. The sycotic usually has
red nose with prominent capillaries. The sense of smell is lost.
(16) A putrid, musty or fishy taste.
(17) Craves bear, meats.
(18) Sub acute or chronic inflammation of various types. We
meet with such a condition in diseases like nephritis, urethritis,
buboes, prostatitis, orchitis, epididymitis, seminal-vasculitis,
salpingitis, chronic lumbago, ovaritis etc.
(19) Anaemia, weakness, chilliness, want of interal heat,
sensitive to cold, dampness and wet weather; leucophlegmatic or
hydrogenoid constitution.
(20) Insidious advent of disease manifestations.
(21) Suppurative appendicitis, peritonitis and haemorrhoidal
tumours, painful and bleeding.
(22) Bowels and intestinal troubles; whether it is diarrhoea or
haemorrhoids both have symptoms of colic. Stools are forcible,
sour, acrid and preceded by colic. After vaccination many
children suffer from this sycotic diarrhoea and colic.
(23) Pelvic troubles; in women ovaritis, salpingitis, pelvic
cellulitis, ovarian cysts, fibroids, leucorrhoea, sterility or one
child sterility. In men orchitis, prostatitis, urethritis, stricture
urethra, offensive moistness of perineum and anal region.
(24) Uterine walls are invaded by mucous cysts. Nodular growth
on the external walls of the uterus are due to sycotic infection.
(25) Motion ameliorates conditions arising from sycotic taint. A child
if kept in motion is comparatively quiet.
(26) Worse from sunrise to sunset i.e., 4 AM to 6 PM, irritable
during cloudy weather, rainy weather. The sycotic patient is a
barometer.

(c) Syphilis
(1) Introvert, melancholic, sad, heavy and depressed, self
condemnation, thoughts of suicide, fixed ideas, stubborn, sullen
and morose but restless and anxious at nights; tendency to make
mistakes when speaking, weakness of memory, loss of will power.
r /
!

(2) Headaches are basal and occipital, dull, lancinating or

band like pain, lightning pains and gumma from side to side,
worse at night, warmth and mental exertion, better by cold and
open air.
(3) The tongue becomes swollen and ulcerated; the tongue
takes imprint of teeth. There may be deep longitudinal cracks
on the tongue.
(4) Deep fissures on the lips and on the tongue.
(5) Ulceration of gums, putrid smell from mouth.
(6) Children have sticky, sweat scalp, the child rolls the head
from side to side or bores into the pillow (Sutures may not close
in time). Hair falls out in bunches on the vertex, temples,
eyebrows, beard.
(7) Deformities, maldevelopment, malformation of teeth, arched
palate, sunken nasal bridge, prominent forehead are syphilitic
stigmata in the new born.
(8) Sensitive to extremes in weather, both cold and heat affect,
< winds and storm, nights, sunset to sunrise, warmth and
covering. > open air, cold, uncovering.
(9) Involvement of heart aorta and the large blood vessels,
sensory organs i.e., eyes and nose.
(10) Bony and cartilaginous changes, nasal bones, larynx,
cranium of long bones, diffused bone pains.
(11) Copper coloured spots and eruptions.
(12) Swelling of bones of nose, putrid smell from nose.
(13) Swelling and hardness of liver.
(14) Everything is done hastily, talking is hurried.
(15) Salivation.
(16) Great fatigue and weakness, with uneasiness of body and
mind, very debilitating night sweats.
(17) Metallic taste.
(18) The skin eruptions have putrid discharge but with no
itching. The skin eruptions itch when it is combined with psora.
(19) Aversion to animal food, desire for cold things; but when
the miasm is active in its destructive from, there is no liking.
(20) Pain gradully increases and decreases.
(21) It is very deep and insidious in its action. It attacks and
implants its mischievous characteristic in the finest part of the
victim-the mind. Imbecility. This imbecility or idiocy is a slow,
gradual process. Feels an irresistible impulse for committing
suicide.
(22) Bereft of the noble sentiment and faculties of head and
heart; he is possessed by a demonic obstinacy, repulsive
roughness in manners. Odious stupidity and erosive depression.

(d) Tubercular Miasm*

(1) The head is large and is of the shape of a pyramid, whereas
the face is small in size. Oedematous condition of the eye lids.
(2) Always hopeful of recovery.
(3) Feeling of fatigue. General fatigue in morning; sensation of
faintness, great weakness in lower extremities, especially from
knees down to the feet.
(4) Offensive sweat in arm-pits. Profuse perspiration about the
face and the head, the sweat having strong musty odour. A little
walk or slight effort produces sweat. Much sweat especially about
head at night.
(5) The patient is poor in bone, flesh and blood. The muscles
lack tone.
(6) Moist eruptions on the scalp with pus formation.
(7) Flushes of heat on the face, head and the chest.
(8) Excessive bleeding of the gums. Nose bleed in young girls
and boys.

* Tubercular diathesis has following pronounced characteristics, namely :

(1) Tendency to catch cold frequently,
(2) Eating well yet losing flesh,
(3) Never anxious about his disease,
(4) Must violate the doctor's advice and violate hygienic rules,
(5) Abnormal fear of dog and dog bite.
 (9) Cold feet in bed. Troubled sleep. Children cry out in their
sleep. All night aggravation, especially in children.
(10) Sinuses, fistula and fistulous pockets in the rectum are
based on tubercular diathesis. Pin worms and seat worms.
(11) Pain in the region of the appendix.
(12) Bronchitic sound in both lungs.
(13) A putrid taste or the taste of pus or blood.
(14) Nails are irregular, brittle break and split easily, and with
many hangnails. Nails scalloped edges and felons about the nails
are tubercular manifestations.
(15) The epilepsy of psora or the true insanity of psora is
usually of a tubercular nature.
(16) Unnatural cravings, particularly for spirituous liquors. It
is tubercular diathesis which produces the people who are apt to
become drunkards.
(17) Ravenous hunger; hunger immediately after a full meal,
hunger at all time. Much craving for unaccountable things like the
craving for acids, for sweets, for chalk, lime and pencils and craving
for salt.
 Psora Vs. Sycosis*

1. Psora spends its force when suppressed upon the nervous and
mental phenomena of a serious character. Sycosis attacks internal
organs especially the pelvic and sexual organs in the worst specific
forms of inflammation, producing hypertrophies, abscesses, cystic
degeneration, mucous cysts, etc., and when thrown upon the brain
it produces headaches, severe acute mania, insanity, moral degen-
eracy, dishonesty etc.
2. Psora leads the man astray and keeps him off his true
objectives of life. Sycosis leads him towards the satisfaction of
vicious and obscene desires. The restlessness which is brought by
psora is already there but the sycosis makes him more fond of
satisfaction of depraved and worthless desires.
3. The psoric patient is absent minded in general and momen-
tary but the sycotic patient is absent minded specific for words,
sentence, recent events. He forgets words, sentences and previous
line that he has just read.
4. In sycosis and syphilis the reasoning powers are slow and
there is self condemnation, while these symptoms may be present
in psora, they are constant in a mixed miasm. The desire to kill

*Psora and Sycosis

(1) Sycosis coupled with psora is the basis of most criminal insanity and most
suicides.
(2) In combination of sycosis and psora we get the right soil for valvular and
cardica disturbances with change in the organic structures. These are the
conditions which cause fatalities.
(3) Hay fever conditions very often have psoric taint while the erysipelas is a
combination of the psoric and sycotic stigma, so also the arthritic troubles of
the eye.
(4) Sycosis co-mixed with psora, makes the man vile, low, extremely selfish and
absolutely oblivious of others interests.
(5) The combination of psora and sycosis leads to diseases of the urinary tract,
gout, erysipelas, herpes zoster and rheumatic heart troubles. Over 90% of
arthritic cases, now prevalent are due to combination of psora and sycosis.
or to destroy life is seldom a purely psoric mental symptom. The
suicidal patients are, as a rule, patients whose organisms are
tainted more or less with syphilis or sycosis.
5. While writing or speaking, the sycotic is unable to collect
his thoughts, or he is unable to decide which would be the most
appropriate word, hence the slowness in speaking and writing. In
the psoric, this is, however, quite the reverse. When the psoric
speaks or writes he does it very quickly. There is such a flow of
thoughts that he can hardly follow it with his tongue or pen.
6. In delirium psora talks of a hundred and one things; there
is no want of subject or language; but sycosis continually harps
on the same language. A sycotic patient has a poverty of language
and thoughts.
7. All structural abnormalities are invariably due to sycosis and
syphilis. Psora cannot lead to anything beyond an impairment of
functions.
8. The small vesicle is psora, the large one is sycosis.
9. Dry scalp is psora and moist scalp is sycosis.
10. Sycotic diseases have a torpid nature, they develop slowly •
and when they develop drags on for a long time. The character
of psoric diseases is exactly the opposite. In psoric diseases the
organism has an explosive reaction.
11. The dropsies or the anasarcas of psora or pseudo psora are
always greater than the sycotic, they smother or drown the patient
before death takes place, but not often so in sycotic.
12. Morbific causes are aggressive; confronted with aggression
the psoric conditions produce inhibition, while the sycotic one is
stimulated to flight.
13. Dryness of mucous membrane denotes psora and augmented
secretion denotes sycosis.
14. Sycotic heart does not have fear or apprehension but psoric
patient has.
15. In psora the cardiac disturbances are functional and are
better by lying down and quiet. The sycotic patient is better from
movement.
16. Bradycardia is psoric and tachycardia is sycotic.
 17. Often in sycosis the pulse is soft, slow, easily compressible,
it is full, bounding in psoric fevers. In fevers of sycotic patients,
we do not find the tone of tension as seen in the psoric.
18. Sycosis cannot tolerate meat at all, while psora can tolerate
it to a certain extent.
19. Sycosis usually gives us colic with which patient cries,
occasionally, it has diarrhoeas accompanied with a slimy mucus
stool and with gripping colic and rectal tenesmus. Psora has also
offensive diarrhoea, which usually relieves the patient of their
suffering but they have no such persistency as we find under sycosis.
20. Psoric clots in menstrual flow are small in size but sycotic
clots are large.
21. In dysmenorrhoea, psoric pains are very sharp in nature but
sycotic pains are colicky and spasmodic in nature, flow only with
the pains.
22. The sycotic patient is worse by rest and the patient is relieved
by moving, by rubbing, Psora is often worse by motion and better
by rest.
23. The course of psora is from the centre to the circumference,
from mind to the body, from mental itching to the physical itching,
but the course of sycosis is from the circumference to the centre,
from the body to the mind, from the gonorrhoeal discharge to
colic, rheumatism and insanity.
 Psora Vs. Syphilis*

1. In psora when restless mental spells come on, the psoric

patients are compelled to move about whereas in syphilis, it drives
them out of bed, inducing symptoms of suicide.
2. Psora is relieved by perspiration, syphilis aggravated by it.
3. Dread of labour, of being alone, of the dark is psora; dread
of night is syphilis.
4. The true psoric patient is bright, active and quick in his
movements; the latent syphilitic is dull, stupid, heavy and obstinate.
5. The psoric patient is usually exalted, the syphilitic de-
pressed, although when the psoric patient has the dumps, every
one knows it and can see it, while the syphilitic patient keeps it
to himself and the first thing you know he has committed suicide
by jumping in the lake or river.

*Psora and Syphilis

(1) Nightly emissions are a combination of the syphilitic and psoric taint. Usually
prostatic troubles may be classed under the union of these two stigmata.
(2) In the union of syphilis and psora, we find a saliva that is ropy and viscid with
a bloody taste.
(3) If there is any syphilitic taint in combination with the psoric base the patients
are susceptible to impetigo.
(4) Acne indruata of the nose depends upon the union of psoric syphilitic
conditions.
(5) Felons about the nails are psora syphilis, so also periosteal affections.
(6) Weakness of the ankle joints is a sure affection of psora and syphilis.
(7) The symptoms of high blood pressure are psora syphilis.
(8) We often find patients with slight wounds that heal very slowly or not at all;
these conditions are the result of psora syphilitic influence.
(9) Syphilis deforms everything; psora alone and by itself never causes deformities,
but in combination of the two we find a great many deformities.
 6. The syphilitic patient does not worry his friends with his
troubles much, he is a close mouthed fellow while the psoric
patient is a constant annoyance to his or her friends.
7. Syphilitic or tubercular patient dreads artificial light more
than sunlight. The psoric eye has a great intolerance to daylight
or sunlight when diseased.
8. Head normal in size and contour is psora; large, bulging often
open sutures, bones soft, cartilaginous is syphilitic and tubercular.
9. Red lips are indicative of psora; but when extremely red and
it appears as if blood would ooze from them, both psora and
syphilis are exhibited.
10. Skin eruptions moist and non itching are syphilitic; dry itch
is psora.
11. The scabs and scales of psora are light, fine and small over
the part affected, those of syphilis are large.
12. In syphilis, when its surface eruptions are driven back, it
finally attacks the nerve centres, bone cells and periosteum. Psora
is more general in its nature. It attacks the skin and all parts of
the body.
13. The syphilitic eruptions are found about the joints, flexures
of the body or arranged in circular groupings, rings or segments
of circles. The colour is significant, copper coloured or raw hemp
colour, brownish or very red at their base. Psoric eruptions are
as a rule the colour of the skin. The scales and crusts of syphilis
are always thick and heavy, while those of psora are thin, light,
fine and small and usually quite general over the affected parts.
14. Syphilis occupies the interior tissues of man, the periosteum,
the bones and the brain tissues while psora attacks the blood
vessels and the liver and causes deposits beneath the skin, forming
suppuration and boils, syphilitic boil is not a true boil.
15. Psora is powerless so far as structures are concerned; it
cannot lead to anything beyond an impairment of functions.
Syphilis attacks the bones, blood, flesh etc., in no superficial way and
as a matter of fact it causes even serious destruction of organs too.
16. Likes cold food and drinks—Syphilis. Psora likes hot food.
17. Aggravation in summer and ameliorated in the winter is
Syphilis, while psora is ameliorated in the summer and aggravated
in the winter.
 Psora Vs. Tuberculosis
1. Physiologically speaking, the psoric face is that of an
inverted pyramid and head is normal in size and contour. In the
tubercular patient the face and head is often seen to be of the
shape of a pyramid with the apex at the chin.
2. In psoric fevers the face becomes very red, hot and shiny;
in tubercular patients it is more apt to be pale or has a
circumscribed redness of the cheeks.
3. The aversion to having the head uncovered is a tubercular
symptom as a true psoric patient cannot bear much heat about
the head.
4. A tubercular constitution look for the delicate skin and psora
for dirty skin.
5. Hyperaemia of a chronic form may be of a psoric origin but
granular lids are quite often tubercular.
6. Tubercular patient dreads artificial light. The psoric eye has
a great intolerance to daylight when diseased, conjunctival
troubles are often of purely psoric nature, especially when there
is an ardent desire to rub the eyes. A chronic dilation of the pupif
in children or women is tubercular.
7. In tubercular patient the ears look pale, white, often old and
they are unduly large and distended. All these symptoms are
absent in a purely psoric patient.
8. Red lips are found in very psoric patient, or in extremely
marked cases where blood seems to be ready almost to ooze out
of them, are tubercular. Ulcers in the corners of mouth are apt
to be tubercular; vesicles about the mouth, small, white,
transparent and accompanied with much itching are psoric.
9. Dry, scaly dandruff on scalp with much itching is psora;
pustular eruptions, thick yellowish bland pus is tubercular.
 10. Small papular eruptions on the scalp are psoric; offensive
discharges from behind and about ears are tubercular.
11. Unnatural hunger is a constant symptom of psora. Hunger
at unnatural times, hunger an hour or two before eating or hunger
in the night after sleeping; hunger immediately after eating;
hunger is not satisfied when stomach is full. Extreme hunger with
all gone weak, empty feeling in the stomach is apt to appear more
in tubercular diathesis, although it is of psoric origin.
12. The psoric patient has longings and desires for sweets, for
acids and for sour things; the tubercular patient likes these things
also, but it is the psoric taint that produces it. The tubercular
patient likes hot or real cold things. Their longings are often for
indigestible things as chalk, lime, slate, pencils etc. They use
much salt in their food, more than the whole family put together.
Psoric people like sweets, syrups, sugar, candies, while the
tubercular craves potatoes, meats of all kinds.
13. In psora we often have a beating or throbbing as of a pulse
in the abdomen, white in tubercular patient; one can often feel
the beating of the carotids through the abdominal walls.
14. The coughs of psora are dry, teasing, spasmodic, and
annoying, and are bronchial, but the cough of the tubercular
patient is deep and prolonged, giving us the lower chest tones;
it is worse in the morning and when the patient first lies down
in the evening. The expectoration in psora is mucus usually,
scanty and tasteless, while the tubercular expectoration is usually
purulent or muco-purulent.. In advanced cases it is greenish
yellow; often offensive and often sweetish to the taste or salty.
The syphilitic is recognised by one or two distinct barks like that
of a dog.
15. Thread worms are psoric whereas pin worms and seat
worms, also intestinal worms are tubercular.
 Sycosis Vs. Syphilis*
1. Sycosis is more potent than syphilis as a cause of mental
disease, of moral insanity.
2. Sycosis may be said to be the most venereal of all venereal
diseases, as it is seldom contacted (outside of gonorrhoeal
ophthalmia) in any other way than through sexual congress.
3. Sycosis makes the mind malactive and syphilis under active.
4. Sycosis is mischievous and syphilis is idiotic.
5. Sycosis fears death while syphilis invites it.
6. The desire to kill or destroy life in sycotic may proceed from
psora, but he does not kill. The syphilitic are the ones that kill.
7. Syphilis is the denial of action and the flight from danger
which because of inability to fight ends in suicide. In sycosis
hypertrophy as compensations of the feelings of abandonment of
self approval and self preservation.
8. Sycosis invades the intellect, syphilis does the will.
9. After a short time the things forgotten are re-collected-sycosis.
Syphilitic mind is lost in oblivion.

•Sycosis and Syphilis

(1) Moles may be a manifestation of either the syphilitic or sycotic stigma.
(2) Sycosis like the syphilitic stigma has the mark of self condemnation which is the
moral reaction to the inception of the disease state.
(3) The sycotic is disposed to fits of anger and when the syphilitic taint is also
present, these people present the picture of the sullen, smouldering type that threatens
to break out into dangerous manifestations.
(4) Sycotic head symptoms resemble with the syphilitic symptoms in as much as they
have night aggravation and there is same type of vertigo.
(5) The condylomta are formed from the mixed venereal combination of sy phi lis and
sycosis.
(6) Fibrous changes in kidneys are either syphilitic or sycotic.
 10. Procrastination, desire to do things but keeps putting it off.
Often begins but leaves task unfinished, especially because he
cannot keep in motion. In the syphilitic we find procrastination
pictured by the element of dullness of brain activity; he
concentrates more on some special desire, and procrastinates on
some other matters, which may be important or not. It represents
a stupid obstinacy.
11. Inherited syphilitic miasm makes people short and ugly,
while the inherited sycotic miasm makes them fat.
12. Sycotic patients are anaemic but the syphilitic patients are
usually marasmic.
13. Sycosis generally attacks the left side of the body, the
syphilis the right side.
14. Sycosis affects the soft tissues and not the bones. Syphilis
affects the soft tissues and bones.
15. Inflammation and hypertrophy are sycosis and ulceration is
syphilis.
16. Sycosis does not produce the true ulcer but syphilis does.
17. All physical additional growths are sycotic and all secretory
diseases (e.g., leucorrhoea, otorrhoea, pyorrhoea etc.) are
syphilitic.
18. In syphilis hair is moist, gluey, greasy, has offensive odour.
Hair falls out in bunches on the vertex, temples, eyebrows, beard.
The sycotic scalp also perspires but has not the moist matting
eruptions of syphilis. Hair falls out in circular spots.
19. Syphilitic dropsies and anasarcas are greater than sycotic.
20. A putrid, musty or fishy taste is found under sycosis. All
metallic tastes make us think of syphilis.
21. Syphilitic pains are traced in periosteum or long bones of the
upper or lower extremities, sycotic pains are in muscles, in fingers
or small joints. Pains in the joints or periosteum from sycosis are
due to gouty concretions or chalky deposits in the tissues
themselves.
22. Syphilis has lancinating pains from the base to the apex, at
night. Sycotic pains are from apex to base.
 23. Sycotic women have few children. Birth of a child takes
place after a long interval whereas the syphilis makes them
barren.
24. Syphilis seldom attacks the ovaries or uterus. Many of the
ovarian or tubular symptoms are dependent more on sycosis than
on any other miasm.
25. All discharges are a source of relief to the sycotic patient.
The return of a catarrhal discharge, a leucorrhoea, the menstrual
flow bring relief. The syphilitic patient is < by the natural avenues
of elimination. Sweating aggravates; profuse urination and
diarrhoea never ameliorate. But by unusual discharges viz,
catarrhal or leucorrhoeal discharges or the discharge from an old
ulcer, the patient feels greatly improved.
26. Sycotic discharges are acid and corrode the parts and have
a characteristic odour. In syphilitics there is ulceration a i d
discharging of pus which has an offensive odour.
27. Sycotic patient is ameliorated by slow motion, by dry
weather, by return of suppressed normal discharges and on lying
on the abdomen. Syphilitic patient is ameliorated by motion and
cold application.
28. Aggravation from sunset to sunrise (during night) is
syphilitic and sycotic patient is aggravated during day.
29. Syphilitic patient likes cold foods and sycotic likes either hot
or cold foods but is better by hot drinks and prefers food warm.
 Sycosis Vs. Tuberculosis
1. Tuberculosis has been demonstrated in faulty nutrition and
death of the commercial red corpuscles; the sycotic in imperfect
oxidation of the food products and their deposits in the tissues
in the form of gouty concretion and lithic formation.
2. Inherited sycotic miasm makes people fat. Inherited tuber-
cular diathesis makes them all tall and often a translucent beauty.
Always suspect an alabaster complexion of being latently if not
blatantly tubercular.
3. In sycosis there is desire to do things but one keeps putting
it off. Often begins but leaves the task unfinished. This is because
he can not keep in motion. In tubercular there is a form of
procrastination due to prostration, a lack of ability from the deep
seated central nervous system sense of weakness.
4. In the tuberculo-sycotic miasm there is a crowding of
desifes. There is an unexplainable stamina to sustain prolonged
motion.
5. In sycosis the nails are ribbed or ridged but tubercular nails
are thin as paper, bend easily and are sometimes spoon shaped.
Many of the tubercular nails are spotted or show white specks
in them here and there.
6. Haemorrhages from the rectum always call our attention to
tubercular element in the system, although we see bleeding
haemorrhoids also in sycosis, but sycosis has great pleuritis and
usually has a scanty, thin, watery discharge oozing from the
rectum that has a fishy or fish brine smell to it.
7. Tubercular menstrual flow is bright and red or pale, watery
including anaemia. Sycotic flow is dark and even black.
8. Often in sycosis the pulse is soft, slow, easily compressed
or compressible. It is small, thread like and quick in tubercular
diathesis.
 Tuberculosis Vs. Syphilis

1. In the tubercular diathesis, there are circumscribed red spots

on the cheeks of adults or children, before any other manifesta-
tions show themselves; there are also hot flushes other than at the
climacteric period. The characteristic appearance of the syphilitic
stigma is a greyish, greasy face.
2. Inherited syphilitic miasm makes people short and ugly,
while inherited tubercular diathesis makes them all tall and often
a translucent beauty.
3. Syphilitic headache is dull, heavy or lancinating, constant,
persistent, usually basilar or one sided. Tubercular headache
occurs on sundays or rest days and relieved by nose bleed.
4. Hereditary syphilitic trouble in children sometimes produces
a watery discharge that almost completely drains the system of
its vital fluids and unless promptly corrected death ensues. The
Cholera infantum types of diarrhoea are syphilitic. Tubercular
diarrhoeas are also similar to cholera infantum, but they do not
as rapidly drain the system. In the later case we find the < in the
night or the early morning, driving the patient out of bed, and <
by cold.
5. Pre-tubercular manifestations are more psoric than syphilit-
ic; but the structure predisposing to develop the lung condition
is syphilitic.
6. Long before the development of tuberculosis, the patient on
least exposure to cold develops a deep, hoarse cough. This
happens many times before the actual development of the
tuberculosis. The purely syphilitic patient has a short, barking
cough; this is sometimes true of the early tubercular stages.
7. In the tubercular type there is a putrid, sweet taste in the
mouth; more of metallic taste is purely syphilitic.
 8. The syphilitic boil is not a true syphilitic, it is a multiple
tubercular mass most vicious in character.
9. Tubercular skin eruptions are aggravated by bathing,
working in water or washing; cold open air aggravates. Syphilitic
patient is better in cold.
10. Desire for bread butter and milk and aversion to meat-Syphilis.
Liking of meat is tubercular.
 Comparison of
Psora, Sycosis & Syphilis

1. Psora is the outcome of evil thought, while the other two

—sycosis & syphilis are the outcome of evil action.
2. Psora has been called the mother of all diseases. It alone can
never cause any structural changes. It does produces functional
changes. Psora can exist in the system independently by itself, but
the other two sycosis and syphilis can never exist without psora.
3. Psora confers a scrofulous to tubercular constitution-the non
eliminative carbo-nitrogenoid constitution. It creates a state of
oversensitiveness; sycosis develops the hydrogenoid, leuco-
phlegmatic chilly constitution; syphilis stands for the hot,
oxygenoid constitution, wasting constitution.
4. To symbolise the miasms, each miasm has been given a
primary colour. Blue, the coldest colour represents psora. Yellow
is a loud colour reminding us of the nature of sycosis. To syphilis
we attach red colour, indicating the destructiveness of fire. The
infinite mixture of these three primary colours indicates the
infinite variety of miasmatic conditions that can be found.
5. Psora can be recognised by deficiency, syphilis by perversion
i.e., destruci.on, degeneration, aggressiveness, sycosis by excess.
6. The psoric mind is restless in thought and will, and
consequently it leads to restlessness in action. The peace of mind
is wanting. He is sensitive, fearful and anxious, sycotic has a
peculiar tendency to make a secret of everything. He is suspicious
about others lest they read his mental state. He is a mischievous,
selfish, mean, thief and liar and vicious scoundrel. The syphilitic
mind is slow and destructive. The patient can not concentrate or
comprehend, has all disgust for life and dwells on committing
suicide.
7. Psora by its nature is hyperactive or even dramatic; and
diagonally opposite is sycosis which is extremely slow, insidious
in its pace and generally silent; and syphilis falls midway
between; moderate in its pace or sometimes rapid, sometimes slow
and generally more overt in its manifestation.
8. Psora makes the mind over active, sycosis malactive, and
syphilis under active. Psora is quick, sycosis is bad, and syphilis
is slow. Psora is intelligent, sycosis is mischievous and syphilis
is idiotic. (Dr. N. Ghatak).
9. Psoric patient is mentally alert, quick and active. Syphilis
mentally dull, stupid, stubborn and has a slow comprehension
whereas sycotic is absent minded, suspicious-does not trust even
himself. Repeats again and again whatever he says - is not sure
whether he has expressed himself dearly.
10. The psoric individual will manifest a weakness of memory
(memory, weakness of), the sycotic individual will be absent
minded due to his characteristic instability, whereas the syphilitic
will be forgetful in the sense of having lacunae or memory lapses
which demonstrate the destructive tendencies.
11. The loquacity of psora, momentary forgetfulness of sycosis
and silence of syphilis are great characteristics.
12. In sycosis the mental symptoms that make their appearance,
such as anxiety, the consciousness, the fear, the patient is
constantly examining the organs, looking for signs of the disease.
In psora the mental symptoms develop after a long illness or at
the close of severe acute expressions of that miasm, as in typhoid
fever, etc. This is also true of syphilis, the mental phenomena
appearing, usually, at the beginning or during some period of the
secondary stage.
13. The psoric patient is always afraid of dying but lives on for
years, being one of the backbone of doctor's practice, the
syphilitic is silent type that goes out and commits suicide, and
the sycotic is one that has a sudden death.
14. Sadness is of a psoric nature because of its inhibitory
quality. Grief is the sycotic manifestation of sadness because of
its expansive quality. Prostration of mind exhibits the destructive
syphilitic quality of sadness. Fear, when it is psorically inhibited,
is manifested by anxiety. Specific fear (different fears) outwardly
manifested is sycotic in nature. In anguish there is a fear with
an implicity, destructive syphilitic tendency.
 15. Sadness in psora is simple depression; in sycosis it is brief;
in syphilis with brooding and or suicidal tendencies.
16. Complaining always psoric; moaning sycotic and lamenting
syphilitic. Dullness is psoric; imbecility is sycotic and idiocy is
syphilitic.
17. Impatience is psoric; huried is sycotic; despair is syphilitic.
Courageous is psoric; rashness is sycotic and audacity is
syphilitic.
18. Timidity is necessarily psoric, just as ostentation is sycotic
and desire to kill syphilitic.
19. Anger in psora is simple annoyance; in sycosis anger is with
expression e.g., shouting, hitting the table with a fist; in syphilis
it is fury or rage.
20. Psora patient dreams urinating, passing stools, singing.
Horrible dreams of murder; bloodshed are syphilitic. Flying or
falling down are sycosis.
21. Psoric headaches are sharp, severe, paroxysmal; syphilitic
dull, heavy or lancinating, constant, persistent, usually basilar or
linear, or one sided. Psoric headaches are usually frontal,
temporal or tempo-parietal, sometimes on the vertex, although
quite often a vertex headache is a sycotic one. Headache occurring
every Sunday or on rest days and headache relieved by nose bleed
has tubercular taint behind it, in fact any disease relieved by nose
bleed is tubercular. Headache better by hot application, by quiet,
rest or sleep are psoric. A sycotic and syphilitic headache is worse
on lying down and worse at night. The sycotic headache is always
relieved by motion.
22. Psora produces vertigo of all types and modalities, due to
functional derangement of the sensoria, syphilis produces vertigo,
reeling etc., due to organic destruction of nerve links (e.g.,
Romberg's sign in tabes dorsalis), sycosis produces vertigo on
closing the eyes (i.e., withdrawing the visual aid to coordination),
disappearing on opening the eyes.
23. Vertigoes owe their allegiance to psora but the vertigoes
beginning in the base of the brain are more apt to be of a sycotic
or syphilitic nature or may be of a tubercular origin.
 24. The violently insane and murderous run to the syphilitic
remedies; the neurosis to the psoric; and the perversions and
imbecilities to sycotic. (Elizabeth Wright Hubbard).
25. Mental restlessness particularly noticeable at new moon and
in case of women at the approach of menses is psoric. Lack of
self confidence is sycotic. Desire to be in solitude, suicidal
tendencies is syphilis and lack of concentration is tubercular.
26. Psoric patients have the shape of the face like an inverted
pyramid, face pale, earthly, sunken eyes. Lips are red. Sycotic
patients have pallid, drawn, puffy, red nose with prominent
cappillaries. Sycotic children have red nose. Syphilitic patients
have ashy grey, greasy appearance, depressed nose bridge, long
ears, high cheek bones, broken short and irregularly curved eye
lashes and thick lips. Teeth are irregular in shape as well as in
order of eruption, serrated and decayed teeth. Tubercular patients
have sunken eyes, circumscribed red spots on cheeks, deep
fissures on lips. The skin of the face in tubercular patient is fair,
smooth, clear with waxy smoothness of skin. Eyes bright,
eyebrows and eyelashes soft and long. Lips thin and face is round,
pigeon chest, often narrow, lacking not only the lateral width but
in depth anterio posteriorly also. Sub clavicular space are hollow.
Tubercular abdomen is like an inverted saucer. Nails brittle,
fissured, wavy, asymmetrical, split easily. The natural convexity
is reversed. Tubercular child is plumpy with a white clear skin
and long beautiful silken eyelashes.
27. Erysipelas of the face is psoric and sycotic, of course all
warty eruptions are sycotic, moles and papillometi may be either
sycotic or syphilitic.
28. The eye ball is seldom affected very profoundly by psora
usually syphilis is the miasm that makes serious inroads upon the
structures of the eyes, changes in the lens are always syphilitic
or tubercular. Hyperaemia of a chronic form may be of a psoric
origin, but granular lids are quite often tubercular. Ulcerations
and specific inflammations are sycotic, tubercular, or syphilitic,
although corneal ulcerations in young people come often from
sycotic taint. Chronic corneal ulcers in children, where no trace
of syphilis can be found are usually of sycotic origin. All styes
are tubercular. Syphilitic or tubercular patients dread artificial
light more than sunlight. The psoric eye has a great intolerance
to daylight when diseased.
29. Miasmatically, different pictures of pathology are known to
be correlated with different miasmatic dominance in a'case from
time to time. A diffuse nontoxic goitre with puberty stress (Psora)
liquefying into a colloidal mass nodule (Sycosis), turning to\ic
(Tubercular) or malignant (Syphilis or mixed) is one example.
30. Hair dry, lustreless, tangles easily; hair becomes white in
spots, dry eruptions on the scalp is psoric. Hair moist, glues
together, offensive odour from the head tubercular. Hair dry like
tow is tubercular or latent syphilis, falling out hair from eyelashes
and eyebrows, is syphilis. Hair falls out in bunches or in spots
usually on the vertex (syphilis latent). Hair falls out in little
circular spots is sycotic. Hair oily, greasy is latent syphilis or
tubercular. The beard is seldom affected by psora, nor the eye-
brows and eyelashes; stubby, dead broken hair in the beard-sycosis;
hair falls out in beard due to skin eruption-sycosis, syphilis.
Crooked, curved or bent broken hairs of eye lashes are seen in
latent syphilis and pseudo psora, broken or imperfect eyelashes
are found in syphilis.
31. Irregular, thick, pale, nails ridged or ribbed are sycotic.
Spoon shaped and paper like thin nails are syphilitic (also
tubercular) whereas brittle nails, nails with various stains,
fissured, wavy, asymmetrical are tubercular.
32. In combination of sycosis and psoria, we get the right soil
for valvular and cardiac disturbances with changes in the organic
structure; these are the conditions that cause fatalities. With these
sycotic heart there is neither any fear nor apprehensions as we
find in psoric case. The syphilitic and sycotic heart conditions are
much more dangerous than the psora but the psoric patient
worries about his condition, takes his pulse frequently, while
sycotic and syphilitic patients have no mental distress and they
die suddenly without any warning.
33. A bradycardia is psoric, a tachycardia sycosis and an
arrhythmia syphilitic.
34. A slow pulse can be classified as psoric, a rapid pulse as
sycotic and an irregular one as syphilitic.
35. According to the Mexican School psora subsists in a
psychic-physical insufficiency, which leads to nutritive distur-
bances; the sycosis on its part is an excess of psychic reactions
and excessive egocentric and extends upto papillomatous prolif-
erations and to cancer. The syphilis shows destructive tendencies,
cruelty, impulse to murder, suicidal impulses as also destructive
organic changes.
36. The syphilitic stigma affects the meninges of the brain, the
larynx, throat, eyes, bones and the periosteum. Psora affects the
nervous system and the nerve centres and produces functional
disturbances which are ameliorated by surface manifestation but
sycosis attacks the internal organs especially the pelvic and
sexual organs. It produces severe inflammations, infiltration of
tissues causing abscesses, hypertrophies and cystic degeneration,
dishonesty, moral degeneration and mania.
37. It is true that all the miasms produce eruptions upon the skin
in their secondary and tertiary stages. The original manifestation
of psroa in physical conditions is on skin where small vesicles
filled with an offensive, thin, ichorous discharge, intensely
burning and itching. Sycosis manifests on skin in the form of
condylomatous or cauliflower like excrescences, the great family
of warts, moles and blotches. Sometimes oozing an offensive
discharge, or oozing blood. In syphilitic cases there are various
types of eruptions, not painful or itching or burning like those of
psoric origin the polymorphic lesions.
38. The psoric itches, and appears unclean, unwashed. The
syphilitic ulcerates and the bony structure is changed. The sycotic
infilterates and is corroded by its discharge.
39. A dry unhealthy skin will be of psoric nature, while an oily
skin with copious perspiration and tendency to the formation of
excrescences will be sycotic. A skin which is ulcerated with a
tendency towards degeneration will present the syphilitic condi-
tion.
40. Psora affects the whole economy, nothing escapes; it causes
a general break down. It more commonly attacks the blood vessels
and liver and causes deposits beneath the skin, forming suppu-
ration and boils; sycosis affects soft tissues and syphilis affects
the soft tissues and bones.
41. Psora is the sensitized miasm, producing no structural
change but only functional disorders, manifested by hypersensivity,
itching, irritation, burning, utmost up to congestion and inflammation;
sycosis is the incoordinating miasm, producing incoordination
everywhere, mental or physical and syphilis is the destructive
miasm, producing destructive disorders everywhere, mental or
physical.
42. Psora manifests most strongly the functional symptoms, the
syphilis has its hall mark ulceration and destruction of tissues,
even to the bony tissues, while the sycotic has an opposite
manifestation, infiltration and over growth of tissues. The origin
and progress of all malignant diseases, we know, are not alike
so far as tissue changes concerned. Some varieties cause
proliferative changes in the affected tissues, while others are
characterised by degenerative and ulcerative process and with
some patients a precancerous state may be discernible without
any organic changes. Sycosis is said to be behind the first
category of cases, syphilis behind the second and psora behind
the third.
43. Although all the tissues of the organism may be ultimately
affected by any of the three miasms, but psora prefers the tissues
of ectodermal origin, syphilis mesodermal tissues and sycosis is
entodermal.
44. In the extremities weakness is psoric, restlessness is sycotic
and ataxia syphilitic.
45. Psora greatly increases the sensibility of smell. Psoric
patient is troubled with odour of cooking, the smell of flowers,
perfumes, paints, etc., as they induce nausea; vomiting, headaches
loathing of food. Haemorrhage from the nose is tubercular. A red
nose with enlarged capillaries depends on a sycotic element. The
bones of the nose are never destroyed from any other miasm than
syphilis. Snuffles in children are dependent on sycosis.
46. Dryness of mucous membranes denotes psora just as
augmented secretion denotes sycosis and ulceration or destruction
syphilitic.
Psora is a perturbation of nutrition; sycosis compels it to
accumulate debris which should be eliminated, and syphilis
causes it to degenerate.
48. Psora has a craving for sweets, syphilis for sweets, salty
food and alcoholic drinks whereas sycosis has a craving for
beer. (Dr. P. A. Pal)
49. Psoric patients crave for meat but syphilitics are averse
to meat and sycotics are aggravated as meat stimulates their
gouty diathesis. Meat also arouses latent psora.
50. Psora desires warm or hot foods, syphilitic and tubercular
prefer cold food. Sycosis wants the food either hot or cold.
51. The taste of a psoric patient is either sour, sweet or bitter
and sometimes designated as bad taste. A putrid taste or taste of
blood or pus is found in the tubercular patient. A putrid, musty
or fishy taste will be usually found under sycosis. All metallic
tastes make us think of syphilis.
52. Syphilis seldom attacks the.ovaries and the uterus; psora
alone will not produce other than functional disturbances.
Occasionally we find the tubercular pathology present. We look
upon disease of the tubes now, as sycotic infections.
53. The psoric complaints are generally worse from mid night
till midday excepting the headache which rise and wane with the
sun. A sycotic patient is always worse from sunrise to sunset,
irritable during a cloudy weather. Syphilitic complaints are
aggravated in the bed at night which continue till the morning.
54. Psora patient is < by cold in general, by standing, after
eating, by emotional disturbances etc., sycotic after eating after
getting wet and syphilitic by heat in general.
55. Syphilitic says keep me cool; psoric says keep me warm and
sycotic, keep me dry.
56. Psoric is > by lying down, by rest, after sleep by warm drinks
and warm food; sycotic by walking, lying on abdomen, by
discharges (e.g., after onset of menses); syphilitic by cold in
general.
57. Syphilitic pains involve the joints, usually a single joint, but
it has a preference for long bones and for osteo-periosteal surface.
The sycotic involves joints and muscles or tendons and sheaths.
When it involves a joint, especially if of inflammatory origin, the
pains usually begin with a slight stiffness of the part, then they
grow intense, gradually increasing in severity until the whole joint
is involved and the suffering becomes agonising. The pains are
worse by motion, but there is a desire to move and the patient
can not keep still, hence the relief of sycotic pains by motion.
Suddenly the inflammation and the pains subside, but no sooner
does the suffering patient finds the desired relief when another
joint becomes involved, with a repetition of all the former
symptoms. This is not true of psora or syphilis; in fact psora does
not involve the joints.
58. The pains of psora are better from warmth, those of syphilis
are better from cooling, and those of sycosis are better from
dryness.
59. Pains that are sore, bruised, pressive and demand that the
patient rest, indicate psoric inactivity with its lack of tone.
Stitching, pulsating and wandering pains manifest instability,
hyperfunction, hypertonous consistent with sycosis. Burning,
bursting and tearing pains indicate the syphilitic destructive,
disordered nature.
60. Stitching, shooting or lancinating pains in the periosteum or
long bones of the upper or lower extremities, syphilis; shooting
or tearing pains in the muscles or joints, and pains in fingers or
small joints, sycosis; neuralgic pains may be either psora or
pseudo psora.
61. Syphilitic pain dreads the coming of the night and the
summer; psora the coming of the winter and the cold; sycosis the
falling barometer and the coming storm. Falling barometer,
however, makes the syphilitic patient's bones aching.
62. If the syphilitic is an old man, he often acquires an extreme
susceptibility to cold, but the syphilitic susceptibility to cold can
easily be distinguished from the psoric, by the absence of anxiety,
and from the sycotic, by the absence of the characteristic
aggravation during rain and storm.
63. Sycosis affects the soft tissues and not the bones, syphilis
both and psora everything.
64. Psora is oversensitive physically and mentally, sycosis is
sensitive like a barometer, while syphilis is decidedly weaker in
sensation than either of them.
65. The leucorrhoeas of psora are scanty, not exhausting, have
nothing peculiar about their colour. They may have any colour;
but they have not the deep, thick, yellow or yellowish green of
the tubercular individual. The leucorrhoeas of the sycotic patients
are thin, look like dirty water, greenish yellow sometimes, scanty,
acid, producing biting or itching and burning of the parts.
Occasionally the leucorrhoeas of the pseudo-psoric are lumpy,
thick, albuminous or purulent, smelling musty. In sycosis they
may be pungent or like that of a decayed fish.
66. Erections incomplete, short or wanting are psoric; frequent
or strong erections are sycotic and erections troublesome, painful
or without sexual desire are syphilitic.
67. When suppressed the syphilitic miasm spreads itself on the
meninges of the brain, and affects the larynx and throat in general,
the eyes, the bones and the periosteum. Psora spreads its action
very largely upon nervous system and nerve centres producing
functional disturbances which are > by surface manifestations.
Sycosis attacks the internal organs, especially the pelvis and
sexual organs.
68. Psoric attacks of all kinds are relieved by some physiological
eliminative process, such as diarrhoea, copious urination, or
perspiration. These are not apt to relieve syphilitic or sycotic
patient, although we may find temporary relief in pseudo psoric
cases as is seen in offensive foot or axillary sweat of tubercular
patient, which when suppressed often induces lung trouble or
some other severe disease.
69. Constipation is primarily psoric, diarrhoea is sycotic and
dysentery is syphilitic.
70. A hypotonic intestine* that brings about constipation due to
lack of motility will correspond to psora. A colon with
hypermotility will correspond to sycosis, while one with spasmod-
ic dystonia or perverse movement will be of syphilitic nature.

* If intestinal peristalsis is slow, less than normal, this is psoric condition,

if it is accelerated, exaggerated, that is sycotic, and if it is perverted into spasm,
this will be syphilitic condition.
81
71. Discharge like sweat, urine, diarrhoea brings relief in psoric
and sycotic patient but the syphilitic subject is aggravated.
72. The course of psora is from the centre to the circumference,
from mind to the body, from the mental itching to the physical
itching, but the course of sycosis is from the circumference to the
centre, from the body to the mind, from the gonorrhoeal discharge
to colic, rheumatism and insanity. So far sycosis and syphilis are
similar, but they have a primary difference and primary difference
is the difference between gonorrhoea and chancre. The former
shows itself by an ulceration and the inflammation in the canal
and also in the root of genital organ, with stuffy discharges, while
the later appears in the shape of similar ulceration and
inflammation on the glans (glands?).
73. As a test of cure, in psora there is manifestation of
suppressed eruptions with general amelioration. In sycosis there
is a return of urethral discharges, amelioration of general
symptoms, pathology may remain without local symptoms. In
syphilis there is a return of old symptoms, general amelioration
and pathology may remain without sickness.
82
 Treatment of Psora*

According to Hering's law of cure, the older symptoms will

come and go in reverse order in which they appeared; old
symptoms in the form of eruptions come back, old chills which
have been suppressed come back and many other chronic
manifestations come back again in a sort of successive order. If
an eruption should come out, do not meddle with it. The physician
should caution the patient against suppressing any of the
symptoms. Tell the patient not to be surprised or alarmed if such
and such symptoms return. The treatment will, therefore, have to
be started keeping in view the above principle. If psora could be
brought back in a series to its simple state the external of the body
would present a bad look as the vesicular eruptions that come are
sometimes dreadful to look upon, but the internal condition would
be in much better state.
After homoeopathic medicine, the patient will come to say
about the reappearance of old trouble. Here you would see that
old troubles have started reappearing, the suppression of which
had resulted into chronic miasm. Amongst the simple form of
psora after the eruption disappears, catarrhal troubles come on
with their varying manifestations. In advanced and complicated
forms of psora, where there are organic changes, after a patient
gets homoeopathic medicine for a while he comes to a stand still,
seems to be doing nothing, but in course of time vicious ugly
eruptions come out upon the body, this is a good sign as the

* It is the secondary symptoms of Psora with which we have to deal, a deep

seated, dyscrasia, landed down from generation to generation in its numerous
forms with its multitude of symptoms, presenting every phase of acute and
chronic difficulty known to the catalogue of disease. From a good experience in
the treatment of both acute and chronic disease 1 am more than satisfied that if
it were possible to eradicate the psoric miasm from the human family that
sickness would be reduced to the minimum, and barring accident, man would live
to a painless, happy old age and fall quietly to sleep in death. (I. Dever)
See also Aphorism 252 in the chapter on 'Miasmatic Concept in O rganon".
disease manifests itself upon the skin, or in catarrhal discharges,
the internal organs are safe, but when these outward manifestation
are stopped the internal parts suffer.
In many cases particularly those which owe their allegiance
to heredity, itch will not immediately respond to homoeopathic
treatment because the action of the remedy is routing the heredity,
within causing it to flow out. A sickly child may come out with
eruptions, and if the child is treated properly the sickness will
flow out into the eruption and the child will be cured from within
out and finally after much tribulation the outward troubles will
pass away carrying with it the internal trouble. If you have no
patience and apply zinc ointment, it will be violation of law and
will cause damage to the patient.
It must be clearly understood that so long as the original
eruption is still present on the skin so as to assuage the internal
malady, the entire disease of psora may be cured easily, quickly
and surely. But when by the destruction of original cutaneous
eruption, which acts vicariously for the internal .malady, psora is
compelled to develop in secondary symptoms which are very
difficult to be cured.
Sulphur may be able to make the beginning of a cure after
the external expulsion of the eruption. It can nevertheless be but
rarely made use of for this purpose, because its powers have
usually been already exhausted as it had already been given by
the allopaths before for one purpose or another, perhaps has
already been given repeatedly. Sulphur, like most of the antipsoric
remedies in the treatment of developed psora that has become
chronic, can hardly be used three or four times even after the
intervening use of other antipsoric remedies without causing the
cure to retrograde.
The cure of an old psora that has been deprived of its
eruption, whether it may be latent and quiescent or already broken
out into chronic diseases, can never be accomplished with Sulphur
alone nor with sulphur baths, either natural or artificial.
Psora that is still latent within, as well as well as the psora
that has developed into one of the innumerable chronic diseases
springing from it, is very seldom cured by any single antipsoric
remedy but requires the use of several of these remedies-in the
worst cases the use of quite a number of them-one after the other
for its perfect cure.
It is only when the eruption or itch is still in its prime and
the infection is in consequence still recent, that the complete cure
can be effected by Sulphur alone, and then at times with but a
single dose.
The dose of anti-psoric medicine must not be taken by
females shortly before their menses are expected, nor during their
flow; but the dose can be given, if necessary, fourth day, i.e.,
about ninety six hours after the menses have set in. But in case
the menses previously have been premature or too profuse, or too
long lasting, it is often necessary to give on this fourth day a small
dose of Nux Vom (one very small pellet, moistened with a high
dynamisation) to be smelled, and then on fourth or sixth day
following, the anti-psoric. (Hahnemann-Chronic Diseases)
Anti-psoric treatment commencing at the anti-natal period,
if possible, is the special field for homoeopathy. It gets at the
stream at its fountain-head before it has gained momentum.
One should be careful in giving antipsoric remedies when
the patient is far advanced with tuberculosis and there are cavities
in the lungs or tubercles or encysted caseous tubercles. For
antipsoric remedies might rouse the patient into dangerous
condition. Do not suppose, however, that it is dangerous to give
Sulphur because one's father and mother have died of phthisis.
Sulphur might be just the remedy to prevent the child from
following the father and mother. Kali carb is often suitable and
will act as an acute remedy in the advanced stages of phthisis in
cases it was not indicated primarily as constitutional remedy. In
such instances it will act as palliative in phthisis. Whereas if it
were indicated primarily as constitutional remedy it would
damage in the last weeks. If the patient has lung space enough
to be cured, Kali carb will do .wonders where the symptoms agree.
If there has been an acute explosion of latent psora and there
is nothing in the symptomatology to a chronic remedy, give a dose
of Sulphur. It will develop the picture and make the chronic
symptoms stand out.
 Psora causes a vulnerability of tissue, undermines the tissue
resistance to foreign invasion, lessens the germ destroying
property possessed by certain cells, by the white blood corpusles,
blood serum, etc. Antipsoric remedies restore this property and
thus guard the organism attacks from without.
Slow convalescence after specific diseases is always a sign
of psoric influence and a guide to antipsoric remedies.
It is a fact that hereditary and the pollution of the vital fluids
give a permanent field for chronic diseases. Hereditary influences
the soil and favours the development of certain bodily constitu-
tions. Now the practical part of our doctorine is that without the
anti-psoric remedies we will never succeed in changing the
character of this soil, and will most assuredly have to rest
satisfied with more palliation.
As to the diet and mode of life, the golden rule is that
everything that would hinder the cure must not be used. Persons
employed in occupations where physical labour is required to be
put in may be allowed to continue to do so if their strength allows.
The class of men who are employed in sedentary occupations
should be directed to walk in the open air and take moderate
exercise in open air. All those who are chronic patients must be
forbidden the use of any domestic remedies. Brandy, whisky,
wine, coffee and Chinese tea have caused tremendous harm and
the patient be encouraged to leave there if not at once, then
gradually.
Homoeopathic physician cannot in his antipsoric treatment
allow the intermediate use of any hitherto, customary domestic
remedy, no perfume of any kind; no fragrant extracts, no
smelling-salts, no Baldwin tea, or any other herb teas, no
peppermint confection, no spiced confections or anise-sugar or
stomache drops, or liquors, no iceland-moss or spiced chocolate,
no spice-drops, tooth-tinctures or tooth-powders of the ordinary
kinds, nor any of the other articles of luxury.

It is rarely advisable to begin treatment of chronic disease with Lycopodium

unless clearly indicated. It is better to give first another antipsoric. (Allen)
 Treatment of Sycosis

Sycosis may be called a disease of figwarts which usually

first manifest themselves on the genitals but are not always
attended with a sort of gonorrhoea. The allopathic physician
removes them by cauterizing, burning and cutting. This is not
scientific and these figwarts would re-appear. If these are rooted
out this way, they are deprived of their local symptoms and these
would appear in much worse ways.
The gonorrhoea dependent on the figwarts miasm (i.e.,
whole sycosis) are cured most surely and most thoroughly by
internal use of Thuja given in potentised form and when these
have exhausted their action after 15, 20, 30, 40 days alternating
with small dose of Nitric Acid diluted to the decillionth degree,
which must be allowed to act for a long time, in order to remove
the gonorrhoea and the excrescences i.e., the whole sycosis. It is
not necessary to use any external application, except in the most
inveterate and difficult cases, when the larger figwarts may be
moistened every day with the mild, pure juice pressed from the
green leaves of Thuja, mixed with an equal quantity of alcohol.
In the treatment of sycosis in the multitude of forms in
which it now presents itself, we must have the necessary
knowledge in order to be able to detect its presence in the
organism, even when it is hidden or veild by suppression, or when
disguised in new forms, which are but new vibrations and new
perversions of the life force, due often to the attempt to cure by
false methods, not in accordance with law.
With reference to the woman, in whom the contagion has
taken place in the stage in which it existed in the husband,
supposing she has inflammation of a fibrinous character and goes
into the very worst forms of anaemia, if a homoeopathic
prescription be made that is truly anti-sycotic you need not expect
that a gonorrhoeal discharge will appear in her case; it is not
necessary. She can get well without it. The reverse, order of the
symptoms in her case means only the reverse order of those she
has had. She may not have had the primary, but all that the patient
has had, she must go back through, stages by stage and symptom
by symptom.
The return of old symptoms means recovery. When the
discharge comes back, the relief of these horrible symptoms
comes, and do not consider any patient cured until the discharge
is brought back. In case of anti-sycotic treatment of the infant,
it will bring back the stage which the infant began with. It will
not bring out a discharge in the infant. The infant has only the
interior nature of the disease and has not the primary and
outermost forms of it.
The reaction set up in the organism by the homoeopathic
remedy is the curative action, and this curative action in the
organism is equal to the diseased action. Should it become greater
it amounts to an over action or what is known as an aggravation
which is usually temporary, until the curative, or equal action is
established again.
In the treatment of gonorrhoeal sycosis, the patient should
be fully made to understand the nature of his case; that such an
infection is not a local affair, as many suppose, but a general
infection of the whole organism, even to the last drop of blood
in that organism.
As soon as an old gonorrhoeal gleety discharge is re-
established, the other symptoms, whatever they may be (even of
the severest type or character) usually subside. Thus headaches,
neuralgias, rheumatic pains, whether of an inflammatory or non
inflammatory character, cease altogether or are greatly modified.
Those who succeed in suppressing chronic gleet, can never
truthfully say that they have made a cure; they have simply driven
the disease in upon the organism, to manifest itself sooner or later
in some other form, or to be brought to light in their wives or
children. We must not look gleet as a local lesion or local
inflammation, but as a smoldering amber or latent internal fire.
Sycosis when suppressed lies dormant in the orgnism like a
sleeping volcano to set up later new processes more deadly and
destructive than before.
 Vegetarian diet is the only diet which is not at all prone to
any kind of disease. A sycotic should not eat meat. Meats arouse
the latent sycosis as in psora. The sy cotic patient should take meat
sparingly, and it is better for him to use more freely of nuts beans
or cheese. Gouty conditions cannot digest meats. He craves beer,
and while this is not a desirable element of his diet, it causes much
less harm than do wines.
Where gouty state is present or where uric acid is in excess,
meat was either greatly reduced or prohibited entirely. It seems
to be pretty generally understood that the blood of sycotic patients
is diminished in alkali, and the power to assimilate nitrogenous
foods greatly diminished in most, if not all cases. Water should
always be taken freely, as it assists in diluting the excessive solids
of the blood, especially is this true of the kidneys.
When sycosis is combined with psora, then it is necessary
first to come to the assistance of the most afflicted part, the psora
with the specific antipsoric remedies and then to make use of the
remedies for sycosis.
With regard to the treatment part of sycosis caused by
vaccinosis, Dr. Burnett has made lot of successful experiments
with Thuja. His vaccinosis-a state of indefinite, chronic ill-
health, takes different forms in different individuals according to
their make-up: one becoming asthmatic, another epileptic-while
others develop stomach or joint conditions-and others, again,
neuralgias, or life long headaches. Such cases arc puzzling and
baffling-terribly resistant to treatment-and never to be unlocked
without the key that fits-THUJA. Dr. Burnett used to say that
Thuja was worth £ 200 a year to him.
Hahnemann's remedies for gonorrhoea are Thuja and Nitric
Acid. In these days we have also Medorrhinum. Hahnemann used
to give Thuja internally, in the 30th or 60th potency; and when
its action has been exhausted after 15 to 40 days, he used to give
a dose of Nitric Acid, in the 30th potency, which must be allowed
to act for a long time, "in order to remove the whole sycosis."
During the war there were the cases of severe gonorrhoeal
rheumatism among the sailors, which responded excellently to
Medorrhinum.
 The proof of the cure is that the disease should disappear
exactly in the reverse order in which it came. The discharge
usually begins as thin watery, gluey, or sticky fluid, glueing up
the meatus, later becoming muco-purulent, and finally purulent;
as the case progresses, it is reduced to a single drop, appearing
in the morning, of a viscid, gluey nature, causing the lips of the
meatus to stick together. Should the case be a chronic one of a
tertiary form, the patient can not be said to be free from the
disease so long as a warty growth, a red mole, or any such sycotic
stigma is present. The drying up or disappearance of the catarrhal
discharge is not a certain sign of the cure of the disease, as long
as any eruptive manifestation is present upon the skin. It is simply
a step in the progress of the case. (H.C. Allen)

Diseases, e.g., inflammation of testes, rheumatism, cold and catarrh, anaemia,

emaciation, urinary troubles—uterine and ovarian troubles, sweating of head are
of sycotic origin and require anti-sycotic remedies in their treatment. Sciatica is
classic after vaccinations that do not take up. hence requires anti-sycotic medicines.
 Treatment of Syphilitic Miasm

Whatever the method of having the infection of sycosis and

syphilis, whether by acquirement or by inheritance, homoeopathic
remedy, in potency selected based on the law of similars, can
annihilate them and free the life force from their grip, and nothing
else accomplishes this.
When it is seen that the syphilitic miasm is in its backward
state, we will trace it back in its stages, supposing they had been
suppressed. In earlier state the homoeopathic treatment strikes at
the root of the evil, and will take hold of that which would become
latent and will so turn things into order that the chancre that is
painful will become painless, will continue on as a mild and
harmless sore. The bubo will be hastened to suppuration when
it would not otherwise suppurate. The mucous patches will be
checked; the sore throat will be greatly relieved, so that the patient
is made more comfortable in all his manifestations. In early state
we do not see the backward progress in the form of ulcers etc.,
but we see that the tendency of homoeopathic medicine is to quiet
manifestations until the remedy has taken a deep and permanent
hold of the economy, then they gradually subside.
In an old case, only constitutional remedies can restore and cure
him by bringing out external manifestations upon his body some
where. It is not necessary that primary sore will come back but he
will begin to have ulcerated sore throat (which may progress and eat
all the soft tissues hence early treatment is very necessary). If this
ulceration appears, the bones which had been so painful will cease
to be affected; the periostitis will subside. Iritis is likely to become
troublesome symptom. The proper remedy will immediately relieve
this last appearing symptom.
Syphilis always follows on the destruction of the chancre
by local applications. Whenever any ,one is so imprudent, as to
destroy the vicarious local symptoms, the organism is ready to
cause the internal syphilis to break out into the venereal disease, since
the general venereal disease dwells in the body from the first moment
of infection.
In the first simple state when the chancre is still present it
needs only one little dose of the best mercurial* remedy, in order
to cure thoroughly and for ever the whole syphilis with its
chancre.
When syphilis is accompanied by psora, first give anti-
psoric remedy and thereafter anti-syphilis medicines according to
symptoms.
The identification of miasm is very important because anti-
psoric remedies such as Sulphur, Calcarea and Graphites are
likely to do harm than to do good if given while the syphilis is
active.
When the syphilis has progressed till gummatous formation
have been produced round the anus in the periosteum and in brain
Sulphur if given will suppurate the soft palate and the patient is
worse; it becomes necessary to give Merc sol., (or Merc cor.) at
once to stop the action of Sulphur. (Kent)
"So long as the original spot upon which the chancre has
been developed exhibits a reddish morbid looking, red or bluish
scar, we may be sure that internal disease is not completely cured;
whereas if the chancre has been removed by the internal remedy
the original spot of the chancre can no longer be traced on account
of the spot being covered by as healthy coloured a skin as rest
of the body." (Hahnemann)

* Hahnemann always talks of best preparation of Mercury, and I have lately had
a great deal of experience with the wondertul power of the Cyanide, in high
potencies Of course when the disease has become chronic one has to continue
the treatment for a long time. Chronic syphilis will not cure up with one dose.
(Tyler)
The child who squints very often is a hereditary syphilitic. Causticum will be
his remedy but he will also use spectacles.
When the child in the second infancy or a bit later, has tics, spasms, who
stammers, it will be necessary to think of a very far away syphilitic ground.
 Treatment of Mixed Miasm

Patients affected with mixed miasm are never of one type.

Each patient has his own individuality and certain characteristic
symptoms which may differ with the other. The physician with
his ability has to chalk out a plan of treatment after recording
all symptoms and going deep into the case.
Hahnemann has given three rules which we should follow
in investigating the three chronic miasms. First the period when
infection took place; second, the period of time during which the
whole organism is being penetrated and thirdly, the breaking out
of the external ailment, whereby nature externally demonstrates
the completion of the internal development of this miasmatic
malady throughout the whole organism.
Cases of all three miasms combined are of course the most
difficult to prescribe for, showing as they do the weakness of the
psoric, the destructiveness of the syphilitic and the stubbornness
of the sycotic. They call for complex remedies capable of
antidoting all the three miasms.
In tracing the origin of the diseases, Hahnemann found that
syphilis and sycosis are newer than psora. He found that if
syphilis and sycosis remained simple diseases, they responded to
one dose of the appropriate homoeopathic remedy. However, they
usually combine with the psora to form a constitutional disease
which is called sycotic or syphilitic constitutional taint or
background. Hahnemann said, in treating these conditions, that
he got the best results by treating with anti-psoric remedy first
to split off the psora, then the syphilis or sycosis responded
quickly to the proper antisyphilitic or antisycotic remedy.
However, he said in a number of chronic cases one will find the
various chronic diseases in layers and that each layer must be
treated by the appropriate remedy or remedies to clear up the
chronic disease which is most active (the uppermost layer). For
this number of chronic remedies have been found which act on
combined forms according to totality of syrnptoms-they act as
antipsoric, antisyphilitic and/or antisycotic.
In case of mixed miasm, we are to make one selection of
the remedy from three to five symptoms, ignoring all others, and
when this first remedy has brought the system to the proper
condition, then all those symptoms that were rejected may be
taken into consideration, and a second prescription made. This is
especially true where suppressions are present, or where second-
ary processes develop from suppressions or from bad treatment.
We can with a clear knowledge, however, of these miasms
discern even the faintest latent tracings of latent syphilis or
sycosis inter-blendid with the psoric elements. "Often we have to
treat our psoric cases for some time", as Hahnemann has said,
"before we can discern another miasm present in the organism"
and it comes to surface or rather begins to manifest itself as the
primary elements, psora, begins to disappear; that is two latent
miasms seldom become active at the same time.
We are not to select our remedy on the strength of the name
of Psora, or Sycosis, or Syphilis. No ? It is to be based upon the
totality grouping of the disturbed or active miasm.
The bond between two miasms can be broken only by a
prescription that will meet the totality of more active one. (J. H.
Allen)
The firsf selection of the remedy should culminate about the
active miasm, and the second selection should cover the latent
miasm, now disturbed or brought into action, by active miasm on
which we based our first prescription.
One, two or all the three miasms may exist in the system
at the same time. They may complicate each other. Hahnemann
recognises the alternation of one miasm with another. He gives
Mercurius for syphilis, perhaps then psora comes uppermost and
he finds Sulphur indicated, then sycosis comes and alternates with
one or the other, and so on.
After the first stage has passed, and the disease has become
a secondary condition, it is a loss of time to prescribe other than
the deep acting anti-miasmatic medicines, as the superficial
remedies are only palliative and prolong the case, often leading
to discouragement both of the physician and the patient.
Only higher potencies have proved satisfactory in cases of
suppressed miasms; the lower potencies seldom accomplishing the
work, or have the desired effect. A suppressed disease seems to
have such a complete bond with life force, that only the higher
potencies reach down deep enough to severe that bond.
How to proceed in such cases for treatment ?
(i) Psora alone: only anti-psoric drugs will suffice to
complete the cure.
(ii) Psora with syphilis (pseudo-syphilis or marked syph-
ilis or spurious syphilis). Series of treatment necessary for such
miasmatic disease. First anti-psoric, second anti-psoric, if
necessary, followed by anti-syphilitic and again anti-psoric.
(iii) Psora with sycosis: The treatment should be first anti-
psoric, second anti-psoric, if necessary, followed by anti-sycotic
and again anti-psoric.
(iv) Mixed miasm: It may be in the forms of
(a) Syphilis with developed psora and developed sycosis
for which treatment is anti-psoric, anti-syphilitic, anti-psoric,
anti-sycotic, anti-psoric.
(b) Sycosis with developed psora and developed syphilis:
The treatment series is first anti-psoric, anti-syco ic, anti-psoric,
anti-syphilitic, anti-psoric.
Moreover the principle for such mixed miasm is first anti-
psoric, secondly either of them which is predominant, thirdly
again the anti-psoric, fourthly the remaining one miasm, lastly
anti-psoric.
When the remedy of first selection ceases to act or is found
no longer to be curative, then a remedy may be selected from the
grouping about the older miasm, the pseudo psoric presentation,
and the cure is complete.
Psora, Sycosis and Syphilis have their periods of incuba-
tion, invasion, advance, decline, and convalescence, and it is only
by careful and scientific treatment that they can be eradicated
from the organism.
 Treatment Plan
All chronic diseases originate and are based on fixed
chronic miasms, which enable their parasitical ramifications to
spread through the human organism, and to grow without end.
(Ch. Dis. 1. 23) These can only be neutralised and annihiliated
by a more powerful remedy producing analogous effects. And the
treatment must go on till the cure is complete, for the least
remains of a germ may eventually reproduce the full disease.
All chronic diseases are so inveterate immediately after they
have developed in the system, that unless they are thoroughly
cured by art they continue to increase in intensity until the
moment of death.
In treating combined stigmata, the most outstanding must
be treated first. We base our method of treatment upon symptom
similarity and where psora is present it will be the most
outstanding in the symptom totality in the earlier manifestations.
This manifestation must be treated first. When it is eradicated or
considerably lessened the next most potent dyscrasia, as it
expresses itself in symptomology, must be treated, until this, too,
is eradicated. The treatment should continue in this way, each
time treating the most dominant stigma, as expressed by outward
manifestations, until cure is attained.
Dr. J.T. Kent says, "A great deal depends upon a
physician's ability to perceive what constitutes a miasm. If he is
dull of preception, he will intermingle symptoms that do not
belong together."
If two or more miasms form a complex, the proper remedy
will disassociate them, and then the most active must be attacked,
but the greatest caution is needed, as a mistake may cause them
again to combine and they will never again separate.
(R.G. Miller)
 In the treatment of Psora, Syphilis and Sycosis one may
follow the plan as given by Dr. Kent, who says as under:—
"If you know that the patient is sycotic patient, he must have
anti-sycotic remedy, and then he will begin to rally. If syphilitic
patient, he must have anti-syphilitic remedy. If neither of these
miasms are present, a remedy looking towards his psoric state will
cause him to rally."
While treating chronic maladies, three* rules given by
Hahnemann are to be considered.
With regard to doses in the treatment of the three great
diathesis during the period of their first cutaneous manifestations,
namely : (I) recent scabietic dermatosis in psora, (2) untouched
chancre (on the sexual organs, labia mouth or lips) in syphilis,
and (3) condylomata figwarts in sycosis, Hahnemann writes in
footnote** to aphorism 282 that these localised diseases (and not
local) do not tolerate, but demand immediate administration of
large doses, (large tablespoonfuls or even mouthfuls) repeated
daily and even several times a day, of their specific remedies, in
ascending potency. In chronic illnesses, the doses should at first
be as small as possible. A tablespoonful only in cases where no
objective localisation should be suppressed and nothing ought to
be removed by external applications, for the disappearance of
such objective manifestations, which the physician can not fail to
notice enable, him to ascertain that the remedy hitherto admin-
istered is no longer necessary.
Hahnemann further writes : "Experience, however, teaches
that the itch, plus its external manifestations, as well as the
chancre, together with the inner venereal miasm, can and must
be cured only by means of specific medicines taken internally. But
the figwarts, if they have existed for some time without treatment,
have need for their perfect cure, the external application of their
specific medicines as well as their internal use at the same time."
All stimulating foods and the use of tobacco should be
prohibited, as they retard the healing process and cure.

* See page 93
** See also page 122
97
 Anti-Miasmatic Remedies
(a) Anti-psoric Cadmium Sulph
Abrotanum Cal Arsenicum
Acetic Acid Calcarea Carb
Aconite Calcarea Phos
Agaricus Calcarea Sulph
Aloe Socotrina Carbo Animalis
Alumina Carbo Veg
Ambra Grisea Capsicum
Amnion Carb Causticum
Ammon Mur Cinchona
Anacardium Cistus Canadensis
Antim Crud Clematis
Apis Mellifica Coccus Cacti
Argentum Metallicum Coffea
Argentum Nitricum Colocynthis
Arsenicum Album Conium
Arsenicum Bromatum Crotalus
Arsenicum Iodatum Croton Tig
Arsenic Sulph Rubrum Cuprum Met
Arum Triph Digitalis
Aurum Metallicum Dulcamara
Aurum Muriaticum Eucalyptus
Baryta Carh Euphorbium
Belladonna Ferrum Met
Benzoic Acid > Ferrum Phos
Berberis Vulgaris Fluoric Acid
Boric Acid Graphites
Borax Guaiacum
Bovista Hepar Sulph
Bufo Rana Hydrastis Can
Hyoscyamus Phosphoric Acid
Ignatia Platinum
Iodine Plumbum
Ipecacuanha Podophyllum
Kali Bichrom Psorinum
Kali Carb Pyrogenium
Kali Iod Ranunculus Bui
Kali Nit Rhododendron
Kali Phos Ruta Graveolens
Kali Sulph Sarsaparilla
Lac Caninum Secale Cor
Lachesis Selenium
Ledum Pal Senega
Lilium Tig Sepia
Lobelia Inflata Silicea
Lycopodium Stannum Met
Mag Carb Staphisagria
Manganum Strontium
Mezereum Sulphur
Morgan Pure Sulphuric Acid
Morgan Gaertner Tarentula His
Moschus Tellurium
Muriatic Acid Theridion
Nat Ars Tuberculinum
Nat Carb
Vipera
Nat Mur
Zincum
Nat Sulph
Nit Acid (b) Anti-Sycotic*
Nux Vom Actea Racemosa
Origanum Aesculus Hip
Petroleum Agaricus
Alumen

* Sycotic remedies are tinctures of plants which thrive in swamps, such as Thuja.
Remedies containing chlorine, and remedies containing a combination of elements
of low atomic weight, such as Fluoric acid and Nitric acid, are also primarily anti-
sycotic.
Alumina Cannabis Indica
Ammonium Carb Cannabis Saliva
Ammonium Mur Cantharis
Anacardium Capsicum
Anantherum Carbo Animalis
Angustura Carbo Veg
Anthrokokali Carbolic Acid
Antim Crudum Carboneum Sulph
Antim Tart Castor Equi
Apis Mellifica Castoreum
Aranea Diadema Causticum
Argentum Met Cedron
Argentum Nit Chamomilla
Armoracea Chrysarobinum
Arsenic Album Chimaphila Umb
Arsenic Iod Cinnabaris
Asparagus Clematis
Asterias Rubens Cocculus Indicus
Aurum Met Colchicum
Aurum Nit Conium
Bacillinum Copaiva
Balsam of Peru Crocus
Baryta Carb Crotalus
Baryta Mur Croton Tig
Benzoic Acid Cubeba
Berberis Vulg Digitalis
Bismuth Doryphora
Bondonnean Dulcamara
Borax Epigea Repens
Bromium Erechthites
Bryonia Erigeron Canadense
Bufo Rana Eryngium Aquaticum
Caladium Eupatorium Purpureum
Calcarea Ars Euphorbia Pilulifera
Calcarea Phos Euphrasia
Fagopyrum Picric Acid
Fluoric Acid Piper Nigrum
Gelsemium Plantago
Gnaphalium Poly Platina
Graphites Proteus
Hepar Sulph Prunus Spinosa
Hydrastis Psorinum
Iodium Pulsatilla
Kali Bichromicum Pyrogenium
Kali carb Rhus Tox
Kali Iod Sabina
Kali Mur Saccharum Lactis
Kali Sulph Sanicula
Lachesis Sarracenia Purpurea
Lac Caninum Sarsaparilla
Lithium Carb Secale Cor
Lycopodium Selenium
Magnesia Carb Senecio Aureus
Magnesia Mur Senega
Magnesia Phos Sepia
Manganum Silicea
Medorrhinum Staphisagria
Mercurius Stillingia
Mezereum Strontia Carb
Muriatic Acid Sulphur Iod
Natrum Ars Sycotic Co
Natrum Carb Tabacum
Natrum Mur Tellurium
Natrum Sulph Terebinthina
Nitric Acid Thuja
Palladium
(c) Anti-Syphilitic'
Petroleum
Aethiops
Petroselinum
Alnus
Pertussin
Anacardium
Phytolacca
Phosphorus Antim Crudum
Phosphoric Acid Apis Mellifica

* The remedies which are homoeopathic are consequently found among the heavy
elements such as Aurum, Mercurius, Baryta etc.
Arg Cyanatum Echinacea
Argentum Met Erythrinus
Argentum Nitricum Euphorbium
Arsenic Alb Ferrum Iod
Arsenic Bromatum Ferrum Phos
Arsenic Iod Fluoric Acid
Ars Sulph Flavum Franciscea
Asafoetida Gaertner Co,
Asclepias Gelsemium
Aurum Arsenicum Graphites
Aurum Bromatum Guaco
Aurum Iod Guaiacum
Aurum Met Hecla lava
Aurum Muriaticum Hepar Sulph
Aurum MuriaticumNatronatum Hydrastis
Badiaga Iodium
Baptisia Jacaranda
Belladonna Kali Ars
Benzoic Acid Kali Bichrom
Berberis Aquifolium Kali Carb
Cal Ars Kali Iod
Cal Fluor Kali Mur
Cal Iod Kali Phos
Cal Sulph Kali Sulph
Carbo Ani Kalmia
Carboneum Sulph Kreosote
Carbo Veg Lac Caninum
Cinnabaris Lachesis
Clematis Lasiodora Cubana
Conium Ledum
Corallium Lonicera Xylosteum
Corydalis Lycopodium
Crotalus Mercurius Auratus
Cundurango Merc Bin Iod
Daphne Indica Merc Bromatus
Merc Corrosivus Staphisagria
Merc Cyanatus Stillingia
Merc Iodatus Flavus Sulphur
Merc Nitrosus Sulphuric Acid
Merc Phos SulphurIod
Merc Precipitatus Rubber Syphilinum
Mercurius Tannicus Thuja
Merc Sol Tuberculinum
Merc Vivus Viola Tri
Mezereum Zizia
Muriatic Acid
(d) Anti-Psuedo Psora*
Natrum Mur
Acetic Acid
Natrum Sulph
Aesculus
Nitric Acid
Agaricus(Syco-Tub)
Nux vomica
Alumina
Petroleum
Ammon Carb
Phosphorus
Ammon Mur
Phosphoric Acid
Apis Mellifica
Phytolacca
Arsenic Iod
Platinum
Arum Triph
Psorinum
Aurum Ars
Pulsatilla
Bacillinum
Rhus Glabra
Bacillinum Testium
Sarsaparilla
Belladonna
Secale Cor
Berberis Vulg
Sepia
Borax
Silicea
* Many weakly constitutions are tubercular at base, although they may give no
evidence of actual disease. In these cases Tuberculinum and Bacillinum—the two
are particularly identical—are remedies which may do very useful work. Kent says
that Tuberculinum is a very deep acting remedy and is often required when other
deep acting remedies fail. It is allied to Psorinum and both Kent and Burnett point
out this connection. Burnett says that Tuberculinum is often the acute remedy and
Psorinum the chronic. Other allied remedies are Calcarea carb and Silicea and these
are frequently of great use in tubercular conditions. When Bacillinum indicated but
fails to act, a few doses of Thuja may be required. This possibility should not be
overlooked in these days of frequent inoculations and injections, for Thuja is, par
excellence, the remedy for poisoning with animal toxins.
Bovista ~ Kreosote
Bromium Lac Defloratum
Bryonia Lachesis
Bufo Rana Lachnanthes
Cal Ars Lilium Tig
Cal Carb Lycopodium
Cal Fluor Manganum Aceticum
Cal Iod Mercurius
Cal Phos Merc Vivus
Carboneum Sulph Mezereum
Carbo Veg Millefolium
Causticum Muriatic Acid
Chelidonium Myosotis
China Ars Myrtus
Coca Nat rum Ars
Cocculus Ind Nat rum Carb
Conium Natrum Mur
Coto Bark Natrum Sulph
Cuprum Met Petroleum
Drosera Phosphoric Acid
Ferrum Ars Phosphorus
Ferrum Met Pineal Gland Ext
Graphites Pix Liquida
Guaiacum Platinum
Hamamelis Podophyllum
Helix Tosta Polygon Av
Helonias Psorinum
Hepar Sulph Pulsatilla
Hippozaeninum Ranunculus
Iodium Rhus Tox
Ipecac Sarracenia
Kali Bich Selenium
Kali Carb Sepia
Kali Iod Silicea
Kali Nit Spongia
Stannum Met Arsenic Met
Stramonium Arum Maculatum
Sulphur Asafoetida
Theridion Asclepias Tub.
Thyroidinum Aurum Iod
Tuberculinum Aurum Met
Tuberculin from birds (Aviare) Aurum Mur
Tuberculinum Bossan Aurum Mur Nat
Tuberculinum Bovinum Aurum Sulph
Tuberculin of Denys Badiaga
Tuberculin of Koch Baryta Carb
Tuberculin (Serum of Baryta Mur
Marmorek) Baryta Phos
Tuberculinum of Rosenbach Belladonna
Tuberculinum Residuel Berberis Aquifol
Tuberculinum Spengler Bromium
Vaudremer Tuberculins Bufo
Urea Calcarea Carb
Vanadium Calcarea Iod
Yerba Calcarea Mur
Zincum Met Calcarea Silicate
Calendula
(e) Anti-Scrofula
Capsicum
Aethiops
Carbo-Animalis
Agaric us
Causticum
Alnus
Chimaphila Umb
Alumen
Cinnabaris
Alumina
Ammon Carb Cistus Canadensis
Antim Tart Clematis
Anthrokokali Coca
Apis Mel Condurango
Arctium Lappa Conium
Argentum Nitricum Corallium
Arsenic Alb Cornus
Arsenic Iod Corydalis
Curare Mezereum
Dulcamara Natrum Carb
Ferrum Acetate Natrum Mur
Ferrum lod Natrum Phos
Ferrum Met Natrum Sulph
Ferrum Mur Nitric Acid
Ferrum Pernitricum Nux Mosch
Ferrum Phos Nux Vomica
Ferrum Sulph Oleum Jec
Fluoric Acid Petroleum
Galium Pinus Sylvestris
Gettysburg Phosphorus
Graphites Plumb Iod
Hecla Lava Psorinum
Helliborus Pulsatilla
Hepar Sulph Phytolacca
Hippozaeninum Rhus Tox
Hydrastis Rumex
Iodium Sambucus
Iodoformum Sanicula
Iris Versicolor Sarsaparilla
Kali Bichrom Sepia
Kali Carb Silicea
Kali Iod Solidago
Kreosote Spigelia
Lac Caninum Spongia
Lachesis Staphisagria
Lapis Albus Stillingia
Lithium Carb Strontiana
Lycopodium
Sulphur
Magnesia
Sulphuricum Acid
Merc Cor
Theridion
Mercurius
Thuja Occ
Merc Bin Iod
Tuberculinum
Merc Vivus
Viola Tri
(f) Anti-Cancer Choline
Acetic Acid Cicuta Virosa
Alumen Cinnamonum
Alumina Silicate Cistus
Anantherum Clematis
Anthracinum Condurango
Ant Chlorid Conium
Apis Mel Crotalus Hor
Argentum Met Curare
Arsenicum Copr Acet
Ars Brom Elaps Coral
Arsenic Iod Eosin
Asterias Rubens Epihysterinum
Arum Ars Eucalyptus
Aur Mur Nat Euphorbia
Baptisia Ferrum Phos
Belladonna Formica Acid
Bismuth Formica Rufa
Bromium Fuligo Lign
Bufo Galium Ap
Cadmium Sulph Geranium Maculatum
Calcarea Carb Guaco
Calcarea Fluor Graphites
Calcarea Iod Hamamelis
Calcarea Phos Hepar Sulph
Cal Oxalica Hoang Nan
Calendula Hydrastis
Carbolic Acid lodium
Carbo Ani Kali Ars
Carbon Sulph Kali Cyanatum
Carcinosin Kali Iod
Causticum Kali Mur
Chelidonium Kali Phos
Chimaphila Umb Kali Sulph
Cholesterinum Kreosote
Lachesis Taxus Baccata
Lapis Albus Thuja
Lycopodium Trifolium Pratense
Malandrinum Tuberculinum
Mercurius Ustilgo
Mezereum Zincum
Murex Purp
(g) Anti-Psora Syphilis*
Muriatic Acid
Asafoetida
Nat Cacodyl
Argentum Nitricum
Nectrianinum
Arsenic Sulph
Nitric Acid
Aurum Met
Nuphar
Aurum Mur
Ornithogalum
Borax
Phosphorus
Calc Sulph
Phosphoric Acid
Carbo Ani
Phytolacca
Cinnabaris
Plumbum Iod
Corallium
Psorinum
Crotalus
Radium
Fluoric Acid
Rumex
Guaiacum
Ruta Grav
Hepar Sulph
Sanguinaria
Kali Bich
Scirrhinum
Kail Iod
Secale Cor
Kreosote
Sedum Repens
Lachesis
Sempervivum Tectorum
Magnesia Carb
Sepia
Mercurius
Silicea
Mezereum
Spigelia
Nitric Acid
Staphisagria
Petroleum
Symphytum
Phosphorus
Sulphur
Phosphoric Acid
SulphurIod
Phytolacca
Tarentula Cub

See also t h e l i s t u n d e r A n t i - P s e u d o P s o r a a n d A n t i - S c r o f u l a .
Sarsaparilla (i) Anti-Syco-Syphilis
Staphisagria Medicines common to
Sulphur sycosis and syphilis group are
antisyco syphilis. Even then the
(h) Anti-Psora Sycosis prominent medicines in this list
Agaricus are :
Alumen Asafoetida
Alumina Phos Cinnabaris
Anacardium Merc Duicis
Antim Tart Merc Iod Flav
Arsenicum Nitric Acid
Berberis Thuja
Bovista Syco-Syphilinum
Calcarea Carb (j) Anti-Mixed Miasm
Calc Silicate The high rank remedies run-
Cicuta Virosa ning through the three miasms
Coccus Cacti are as follows :—
Colocynthis There are 13 bold medicines
Crocus Sativa which are of the first rank and
Dulcamara others are also very useful ones.
Helonias Argentum Met
Kali Carb Aurum Iod
Ledum Aurum Mur
Lilium Tig Aurum Met
Magnesia Carb Aurum Sulph
Murex Benzoic Acid
Natrum Mur Calcarea Sulph
Oleum Jec Carbo Veg
Ranunculus Bui Causticum
Sabina Conium
Sepia Ferrum Met
Silicea Fluoric Acid
Sulphur Hepar Sulph
Sulphuric Acid Iodium
Kali Ars Nitric Acid (Predominantly
Kali Bich Syphilitic)
Kali Silicatum (Predominantly Phosphorus
Sycotic) Phosphoric Acid
Kali Sulph Phytolacca
Lachesis Sarsaparilla
Lycopodium Silicea
Manganum Aceticum Staphisagria
Medorrhinum Stillingia
Mercurius Sulphur
Merc Cor Syphilinum
Merc Iodatus Flavus Thuja
Merc Iodatus Ruber Thyroidinum
Mezereum (Predominantly
Syphilitic)

* L i s t of anti-Psora Syphilis and anti-Psora Sycosis medicines can be

f u r t h e r a u g m e n t e d by going into the c o m m o n medicines in t w o groups i.e.,
( a & d ) a n d ( a & c).
* * M e d i c i n e s i n b o l d a n d i t a l i c l e t t e r s r e p r e s e n t G r a d e ' A ' & G r a d e 'B' m e d i c i n e s
respectively.
 More About the Medicines
In the treatment of chronic diseases it is essential to have
a deep knowledge of three miasms as given by Hahnemann but
it is still more essential to have a knowledge of medicines which
will cure. Sulphur, Thuja and Mercurius are the three king
medicines for Psora, Sycosis and Syphilis respectively. Psorinum,
Medorrhinum and Syphilinum occupy second place. I go one step
further and name them as queen medicines. Although king and
queen medicines for sycosis and syphilis can eradicate the
respective miasms, yet the importance of Syco-syphilinum in the
treatment of mixed miasm i.e., sycosis and syphilis can not be
denied. Pseudo psora calls for Tuberculinum in addition to other
medicines.
Kent lists fifty two remedies as anti-sycotic. Argentum met.,
Argentum nit., Kali sulph., Medorrhinum, Natrum sulph., Nitric
acid., Sepia, Staphisagria and Thuja are in black type and of
highest rank. There are fortyeight remedies listed in the repertory
as anti-syphilitic. Arsenic iod., Aurum met., Aurum mur., Aurum
mur nat., Kali iod., Kali sulph. Merc., Merc cor., Merc iod
flavus., Merc iod ruber, Nitric acid., Phytolacca, Silicea,
Stillingia, Syphilinum are the high ranking medicines. High
ranking remedies for all the three miasm are: Argentum met.,
Calcarea sulph., Lycopodium, Medorrhinum, Mercurius, Mercurius
iod fl., Mercurius iod ruber, Nitric acid., Phytolacca, Staphisagria,
Sulphur, Syphilinum and Thuja. The high ranking anti-psoric
medicines are: Arsenic album, Arsenic iodatum, Aurum
metallicum, Aurum muriaticum, Baryta carb., Hepar sulphur,
Iodine, Lachesis, Natrum mur., Psorinum, Sepia, Silicea Sulphur
and Tuberculinum. Anti-psoric medicines which occupy second
place are: Alumina, Anacardium, Apis mel., Bufo., Calcarea
carb., Calcarea ars., Calcarea phos., Carbo animalis, Carbo veg.,
Capsicum, Conium, Crotalus, Fluoric acid., Graphites, Kali
bichrom., Kali carb., Kali iod., Kali phos., Kali sulph., Lac
caninum, Ledum, Lycopodium, Natrum carb., Natrum sulph,
Nitric-acid., Phosphorus, Pyrogen, Salenium, Stannum, Staphisagria,
Tarentula and Zincum.
Rhus tox has been controversial medicine regarding its
categorisation. According to Dr. Kent Rhus tox is not an anti-
sycotic remedy. According to J.H. Allen.* Rhus tox gives us a
fine conception of a sycotic rheumatism. On page 109 of his book
on Chronic Miasms Allen says, "You can see Psora in Sulphur
and Lycopodium, in Arsenic and Psorinum; Sycosis in Rhus, in
Thuja, Kali sulph., Capsicum, Medorrhinum and a host of
others." Without going into the controversy, I will only say that
Sycotic symptoms of rheumatism are met with Rhus Tox.
Calcarea phos., Lac defloratum, Selenium, Sepia and
Stannum are the medicines which cover psora tubercular
diathesis. Agaricus is syco-tubefcular and Argent nit has syco-
syphilis taint. A study of following medicines helps us in proper
classification of medicines.
Acetic Acid:— This is pseudo-psoric remedy adapted to
people who are suffering with diseases in advanced stages, as
chest diseases, bowel troubles, prolonged fevers; and after severe
injuries.
Actea Racemosa:— It is anti-sycotic remedy used to
combat rheumatism when the patient is woman.
Argentum Metallicum:— Dr. Kent writes, "It is an anti-
psoric and from its symptoms I believe it to be anti-sycotic. It
goes deep into life."
Argentum Nitricum:— It corresponds in lower potencies
to Grauvogl's carbo-nitrogenoid constitution; in higher to hydrog-
enoid or sycotic constitution.
Arsenic:— In syphilis and psora Arsenic acts for a long
time and eradicates the complaints which are similar to it. But
it is not similar to sycosis. Arsenic does not go to the bottom of
the trouble, but Thuja and Natrum Sulph will take up the work
and cure (Kent). Being a heavy element, the action of Arsenic is
primarily anti-syphilitic, but it is also anti-psoric. It can palliate

* Lectures on Homoeopathic Philosophy, by Kent (Economic Homoeo Stores,

Calcutta publication page 166)
The 'Chronic Miasms' Vol. II by J. H. Allen, page 95
sycotic conditions, particularly where asthma is present, but it is
not sufficiently similar to homoeopathic to sycosis to effect a
lasting cure. (Nemo)
Arsenic is syphilitic and psoric, but not sycotic (Elizabeth
Wright Hubbard)
Arsenicum Iodatum:— It is a remedy of wide range and
great power. Cancerous and tubercular diathesis are strong
indication for this remedy. Diseases in uro-genital organs,
especially in females with scrofulous taint.
Aurum Metallicum:—When syphilis is implanted on the
scrofulous constitution, we have one of the most intractable
conditions and gold seems to be especially suited to the vile
combination. It is both syphilis and sycosis.
Aurum Muriaticum:— Syphilis, Sycosis. This is pre-
eminently a sycotic remedy.
"Aurum Mur is indicated in the sycotic or syphilitic states
with fibromes; troubles of menopause, weakness and aversion to
mental work." (Dr. Bernoville)
Badiaga:— Syphilitic, infants scrofulous. Patients of
cancerous diathesis.
Calcarea Arsenicum:— Psora. Tuberculous diathesis.
Calcarea Carbonica:— It is an important remedy in
troubles of thyroid, tendency to rickets and at the same time in
tuberculinism; association of tuberculosis and syphilis in the
antecedents. It is opposed to Calcarea Phosphorica which is to
be given in oxygenoids of psora-tuberculinic having tendency of
tuberculosis.
Calcarea Silicate:— Psora and sycotic. Hydrogenoid
constitution.
Causticum:— It corresponds to all the three miasm, psora,
sycosis and syphilis. Scrofulous constitution. It has scrofulous
inflammation about ears, eyes and scalp.
Cinnabaris:— Pre-eminently syphilitic. It is also a deep
acting sycotic remedy.
Corallium:— Syphilitic. Psora syphilis (a combined taint
of both the miasms)
 Crotalus Horridus:— Psoric; Syphilitic. It also seems to
be sycotic as it antidotes the bad effects of vaccination.
Hepar Sulph:— This remedy stands half way between
those two great anti-psorics-Calcarea Carb and Sulphur.
Kali Carbonicum:—Psoric; Sycotic; Syphilitic; Tubercular
diathesis.
Kali Phos:— Has an important use in the treatment of the
tuberculo-sycotic. It is of a deep psoric nature reaching into the
background of many of the obscure conditions that have continued
existence in some phase of psoric pre-disposition. (Dr. J. W.
Waffensmith)
Lachesis:—Psoric; Sycotic; Syphilitic; Cancerous diathesis.
Lycopodium:— It is more psoric than sycotic.
Manganum Aceticum:— Psoric; Sycotic; Syphilitic; Tu-
bercular diathesis.
Mercurius Sol:—Syphilitic. Also psoric and sycotic to a
certain degree.
Natrum Mur:— Psoric. Sycotic. It is deep acting anti-
psoric remedy. Scrofulous diathesis. Tuberculous diathesis.
Phytolacca:— Sycotic; Syphilitic; Cancerous diathesis.
Rhus Tox:— Psoric. It is deeply psoric. Adapted to
tubercular constitution which usually represents a deeply psoric
stigma. Sycotic. After effects of syphilis.
Sepia and Lachesis:— Both are remedies of persons who
are perhaps the carriers of warts but sycotic condition in both of
them is not pure and not of the first importance.
Sulphur:— Psora; Scrofula.
Theridion:— Psora. Tuberculosis; Scrofula (In scrofula
when the best remedies fail to relieve). Has affinity for tubercular
diathesis.
Thuja:— Sycosis. Also to certain extent responds to
syphilitic constitution.
Thyroidinum:— Psora; Syphilis; Sycosis; Tuberculosis.
Tuberculinum and Bacillinum:— The sycotic element
dominates in Bacillinum and the syphilitic in Tuberculinum.
 Miasmatic Concept in Organon
Hahnemann for the first time mentioned the word miasm in
aphorism 5 of the Organon. He said the following:-
"Useful to the physician in assisting him to cure are the
particulars of the most probable exciting cause of the acute
disease, as also the most significant points in the whole history
of the chronic disease, to enable him to discover its fundamental
cause, which is generally due to a chronic miasm "
In aphorism 7 he says as under :
"Now, as in a disease, from which no manifest exciting or
maintaining cause (Causa occasionalis) has to be removed, we
can perceive nothing but the morbid symptoms, it must (regard
being had to the possibility of a miasm, and attention paid to the
accessory circumstances, aphorism 5) be the symptoms alone by
which the disease demands and points to the remedy suited to
relieve it...."
In aphorism 37 he refers to chronic diseases as follows:
"So, also, under ordinary medical treatment, an old chronic
disease remains uncured and unaltered if it is treated according
to the common allopathic method "
And in aphorism 39 (a) he mentioned the word 'itch' for the
first time.
" Thus the itch exanthema certainly disappears very soon
from the skin under the employment of violent purgatives,
frequently repeated; but when the patient can no longer stand the
factitious (dissimilar) disease of the bowels, and can take no more
purgatives, then either the cutaneous eruption breaks out as
before, or the internal psora displays itself in some bad
symptom "
In the aforesaid writings Hahnemann has not explained the
significance of psora but he clearly mentions the mechanism of
the miasmatic aggravation, the suppression of the cu aneous
manifestations. And in reinforcing his view he further adds in
same aphorism: " But purgatives for itch, and issues for
epilepsy, can not be more heterogeneous, more dissimilar
deranging agents "
With regard to syphilis he writes in aphorism 40 as under :
" Thus a syphilitic patient may become psoric, and vice
versa. As two diseases dissimilar to each other, they can not
remove, can not cure one another. At first the venereal symptoms
are kept in abeyance and suspended when the psoric eruption
begins to appear; in course of time, however (as the syphilis is
at least as strong as the psora), the two join together, that is, each
involves those parts of the organism only which are most adapted
for it, and the patient is thereby rendered more diseased and more
difficult to cure."
The words syphilis and psora herein used do not refer to
the traditional meaning of syphilis (venereal symptoms). They
refer to chronic miasms. Psoric eruptions here would mean
eruptions which develop itself in a psoric ground.
At the end of aphorism 72, he mentions the fundamental
characteristics of the miasms, that is, the possibility of spontaneous
cure.
" in such a way that the automatic life energy, called vital
force, whose office is to preserve the health, only opposes to them ,
at the commencement and during their progress imperfect,
unsuitable, useless resistance, but is unable of itself to extinguish
them, but must helplessly suffer (them to spread and) itself to be
ever more and more abnormally deranged, until at length the
organism is destroyed; these are termed chronic diseases...."
What Hahnemann said in aphorism 72 the same was
repeated in the Chronic Diseases on page 108 with black type ;.
" the internal malady of psora, although as yet of slight
degree, remains in its character and in its chronic nature the same
general psoric disease of the whole organism, i.e., without the aid
of art it is ineradicable, and can not be extirpated by the
strength of even the best and most robust bodily constitution,
and it will increase even to the end of the patient's life."
 In aphorism 78, he demonstrated the spontaneous incurability
of the chronic miasms :
"The true natural chronic diseases are those that arise from
a chronic miasm, which when left to themselves, and unchecked
by the employment of those remedies that are specific for them,
always go on increasing and growing worse " And he finishes
the aphorism 72 with these lines. "They are caused by infection
with a chronic miasm." When Hahnemann speaks of contagiousness,
he refers to the deep seated disease, to the true disease. The
contagiousness of the miasms, dispensing with the microbe is a
matter of time.
While writing about acute disease, in aphorism 73 he says
that :"....in reality, however, they are generally only a transient
explosion of latent psora, which spontaneously returns to its
dormant state if the acute diseases were not of too violent a
character and were soon quelled " One of the basic characteristic
which comes out of the miasm is that acute diseases are only
manifestations of the predominant miasmatic state
"The calamities of war, inundations and famine are not
infrequently their exciting causes and producers-sometimes they
are peculiar acute miasms which recur in the same manner (hence
known by some traditional name) "
In aphorism 76 Hahnemann speaks of the need to help the
vital force ; " (appropriate aid being given for the eradication
of any chronic miasm that may happen to be lurking in the
background)...."
Again in aphorism 77 he continues :
"....These states of ill health, which persons bring upon
themselves, disappear spontaneously, provided no chronic miasm
lurks in the body, under an improved mode of living, and they
can not be called chronic diseases."
He refers to bad eating and living habits but we notice that
he considers it possible that chronic miasms might not exist,
inspite of the fact that psora, for example, is considered by Dr.
Kent as the consequence of original sin; and on the other hand,
in those days there already existed diseases that required psoric
background, such as the itch, so many times mentioned in his
treatise of the Chronic Diseases. In the same way, a syphilitic
ground has to exist for leprosy and sycosis for condylomas.
Let us now see how Hahnemann refers to psora, syphilis and
sycosis in various aphorisms of Organon :
Aphorism 81 reads as under with regard to psora:
"The fact that this extremely ancient infecting agent has
gradually passed, in some hundreds of generations, through many
millions of human organisms and has thus attained an incredible
development, renders it in some measure conceivable how it can
now display such innumerable morbid forms in the great family
of mankind..."
In aphorism 79 he speaks about syphilis and sycosis :
"Hitherto syphilis alone has been to some extent known as
such a chronic miasmatic disease, which when uncured ceases
only with the termination of life. Sycosis (the condylomatous
disease), equally ineradicable by the vital force without proper
medicinal treatment, was not recognized as a chronic miasmatic
disease of a peculiar character, which it nevertheless undoubtedly
is, and physicians imagined they had cured it when they had
destroyed the growths upon the skin, but the persisting dyscrasia
occasioned by it escaped their observation."
What he said in aphorism 79, the same thing he said at the
end of page 90 of the Chronic Diseases :
" and therefore declared their local symptoms as secondary
growths and impurities existing merely externally on the skin,
without any internal fundamental disease, and this as well with
the chancre and the figwart as with the eruption of itch, and
therefore....since they overlooked the chief disease or perhaps
even boldly denied it.,.."
And he further says in aphorism 80 as under :
"Incalculably greater and more important than the two
chronic miasms just named, however, is the chronic miasm of
psora, which, whilst those two reveal their specific internal
dyscrasia, the one by the venereal chancre, the other by the
cauliflower-like growths, does also, after the completion of the
internal infection of the whole organism, announce by a peculiar
cutaneous eruption, sometimes consisting only of a few vesicles
accompanied by intolerable voluptuous tickling itching (and a
peculiar odour), the monstrous internal chronic miasm-the psora,
the only real fundamental cause and producer of all the other
numerous, I may say innumerable, forms of disease "
Syphilis is intimately related to the chancre, not as the
specific disease, but as the most genuine representative of
ulcerations in general, of destructiveness and perversion.
Sycosis, intimately related to condylomas, or as Hahnemann
calls it, the condylomatous disease, is the most frequent and
genuine representative of proliferation. And psora is in relation
to the external stains of the skin, and is, using Hahnemann's own
words, the most ideal representative of non-proliferative cutaneous
manifestations of a poor economy-that is to say, in the sense of
less, of hypo-characteristic of the psora.
With regard to treatment part of the chronic miasms we
have to refer to following aphorisms :
Aphorism 82 says :
"Although, by the discovery of that great source of chronic
diseases, as also by the discovery of the specific homoeopathic
remedies for the psora, medicine has advanced some steps nearer
to a knowledge of the nature of the majority of diseases it has
to cure, yet, for settling the indication in each case of chronic
(psoric) disease he is called on to cure, the duty of a careful
apprehension of its ascertainable symptoms and characteristics is
an indispensable for the homoeopathic physician as it was before
that discovery, as no real cure of this or of other diseases can
take place without a strict particular treatment (individualisation)
of each case of disease-only that in this investigation some
difference is to be made when the affection is an acute and rapidly
developed disease, and when it is chronic one; seeing that, in acute
disease, the chief symptoms strike us and become evident to the
senses more quickly, and hence much less time is requisite for
tracing the picture of the disease and much fewer questions are
required to be asked, as almost everything is self-evident, than
in a chronic disease which has been gradually progressing for
several years, in which the symptoms are much more difficult to
be ascertained."
 In aphorisms 203, 204, 205, 252 and in footnote to
aphorism 282 he says as under :
"Every external treatment of such local symptoms, the
object of which is to remove them from the surface of the body,
whilst the internal miasmatic disease is left uncured, as, for
instance, driving off the skin the psoric eruption by all sorts of
ointments, burning away the chancre by caustics and destroying
the condylomata on their seat by the knife, the ligature or the
actual cautery; this pernicious external mode of treatment,
hitherto so universally practised, has been the most prolific source
of all the innumerable named or unnamed chronic maladies under
which mankind groans; it is one of the most criminal procedures
the medical world can be guilty of, and yet it has hitherto been
the one generally adopted, and taught from the professional chairs
as the only one." (Aphorism 203)
"If we deduct all chronic affections, ailments and diseases
that depend on a persistent unhealthy mode of living as also those,
innumerable medicinal maladies caused by the irrational, persistent,
harassing and pernicious treatment of diseases often only of
trivial character by physicians of the old school, all the remainder,
[most the remainder of chronic diseases] without exception, result
from the development of these three chronic miasms, internal
syphilis, internal sycosis, but chiefly and in infinitely greater
proportion, internal psora, each of which was already in
possession of the whole organism, and had penetrated it in all
directions before the appearance of the primary, vicarious local
symptom of each of them (in the case of psora the scabious
eruption, in syphilis the chancre or the bubo, and in sycosis the
condylomata) that prevented their outburst; and these chronic
miasmatic diseases, if deprived of their local symptom, are
inevitably destined by mighty Nature sooner or later to become
developed and to burst forth, and thereby propagate all the
nameless misery, the incredible number of chronic diseases which
have plagued mankind for hundreds and thousands of years, none
of which would so frequently have come into existence had physicians
striven in a rational manner to cure radically and to extinguish in the
organism these three miasms by the internal homoeopathic medicines
suited for each of them, without employing topical remedies for their
external symptoms." (Aphorism 204)
 "The homoeopathic physician never treats one of these
primary symptoms of chronic miasms, nor yet one of their
secondary affections that result from their further development,
by local remedies (neither by those external agents that act
dynamically, nor yet by those that act mechanically), but he cures,
in cases where the one or other appears, only the great miasm on
which they depend, whereupon its primary, as also its secondary
symptoms disappear spontaneously; but as this was not the mode
pursued by the old school practitioners who preceded him in the
treatment of the case, the homoeopathic physician generally, alas
! finds that the primary symptoms have already been destroyed
by them by means of external remedies, and that he has now to
do more with the secondary ones, i.e., the affections resulting
from the breaking forth and development of these inherent
miasms, but especially with the chronic diseases evolved from
internal psora, the internal treatment of which, as far as a single
physician can elucidate it by many years of reflection, observation
and experience " (Aphorism 205)
"But should we find, during the employment of the other
medicines in chronic (psoric) diseases, that the best selected
homoeopathic (antipsoric) medicines in the suitable (minutest)
dose does not effect an improvement, this is a sure sign that the
cause that keeps up the disease still persists, and that there is
some circumstance in the mode of life of the patient or in the
situation in which he is placed, that must be removed in order that
a permanent cure may ensue." (Aphorism 252)
"The rule to commence the homoeopathic treatment of
chronic diseases with the smallest possible doses and only
gradually to augment them is subject to a notable exception in
the treatment of the three great miasms while they still effloresce
on the skin, i.e., recently erupted itch, the untouched chancre (on
the sexual organs, labia, mouth or lips, and so forth) and the
figwarts. These not only tolerate, but indeed require, from the
very beginning large doses of their specific remedies of ever
higher and higher degrees of dynamization daily (possibly also
several times daily). If this course be pursued, there is no danger
to be feared as is the case in the treatment of disease hidden
within, that the excessive dose while it extinguishes the disease,
initiates and by continued usage possibly produces a chronic
medicinal disease. During external manifestations of these three
miasms this is not the case; for from the daily progress of their
treatment it can be observed and judged to what degree the large
dose withdraws the sensation of the disease from the vital
principle day by day; for none of these three can be cured without
giving the physician the conviction through their disappearance
that there is no longer any further need of these medicines."
(Footnote to Aphorism 282)*
Some Fallacies About Hahnemann's Theory of Chronic
Miasms
Hahnemann initiated the study of miasms, his life did not
last long enough to conclude it, and this is the reason behind
certain contradictions.
Dr. M.L. Tyler says, "But Hahnemann is not frightfully
definite in regard to aetiology of psora, which he seems to have
associated with leprosy, taenia capitis, crusta lactea, herpes, etc.,
these being vicarious symptoms of an internal infection affecting
the whole organism. Hahnemann talks about the immense host of
chronic diseases which originate in psora. One cannot doubt that
were Hahnemann alive today, the chronic parasitical nonvenereal
disease psora would have long ago sorted itself out into not one
but a dozen such."
The statement that there can be absence of miasms is
repeated in his doctrine and treatment of chronic diseases in note
128 of page 109 of the Chronic Diseases.
"It was more easy to me, than to many hundreds of others,
to find out and to recognise the signs of the psora as well as when
latent and as yet slumbering within, as when it has grown to
considerable chronic diseases, by as accurate comparison of the
state of health of all such persons with myself, who, as is seldom
the case, have never been afflicted with the psora, and have
therefore, from my birth day until now in my eightieth year, been
entirely free from the (smaller and greater) ailments enumerated
here and further below, although I have been on the whole very
apt to catch acute epidemic diseases, and have been exposed to
many mental exertions and thousandfold vexations of spirit."

* See also page 97

 Hahnemann, as all being had psoric background in which
the diseases which he was surprised to have had, were developed.
The fact that he did not suffer from itch did not free him from
the psora.
Tyler says, "Hahnemann's Chronic Diseases was a big pill
to swallow for our predecessors. I think not one the great teachers
since his day even Burnett, who with his vaccinosis came nearest
to it has grasped its true inwardness."
Psora deserves further analysis, since Hahnemann almost
exclusively occupies himself with it in his doctrine and treatise
of chronic diseases, and it is the miasm which he most frequently
mentions in his Organon of Medicine.
Hahnemann attributes practically all imaginable symptoms
to psora, regardless of whether they were of a defective,
excessive, or destructive character.
In the long list which begins on page 110 of the Chronic
Disease, and which ends on page 114, there are many symptoms
which master has described as psoric but they are not actually
psoric.
Symptoms of Psora Referred to by Hahnemann
Irritability due to weakness.
Increasing susceptibility to cold.
Nettle rash.
Menses slow in setting in they cease for several months
or years.
Symptoms of Sycosis which Hahnemann Attributed to psora
In going to sleep he is disquieted by strange, anxious
fancies;
She has to get up and walk about.
Warts on the face, the lower arm, the hands etc.
Encysted tumours in the skin or the cellular tissues beneath it.
Vaginal polypi.
Leucorrhoea of different types.
Excessive sensitiveness.
Symptoms of Syphilis which Hahnemann Attributed to Psora
Mania of self destruction.
Ulcers on the thighs with gnawing pain.
After a very restless night, he often has more strength in
the morning than after a quiet sound sleep.
Softening of the bones.
Fragility of bones.
All this, which seems to be confusion on the part of the
master, and which have given rise to so many errors in the
interpretation of the miasm, is clearly explained in aphorism 206
of the Organon :
"Before commencing a treatment of chronic disease, it is
necessary to make the most careful investigation as to whether
the patient has had a venereal infection (or an infection with
condylomatous gonorrhoea); for then the treatment must be
directed towards this alone, when only the signs of syphilis (or
of the rarer condylomatous disease) are present, but this disease
is very seldom met with alone nowadays. If such infection have
previously occurred, this must also be borne in mind in the
treatment of those cases in which psora is present, because in
them the latter is complicated with the former, as is always the
case when the symptoms are not those of pure syphilis; for when
the physician thinks he has a case of old venereal disease before
him, he has always, or almost always, to treat a syphilitic
affection accompanied mostly by (complicated with) psora, for
the internal itch dyscrasia (the psora) is by far the most frequent
(most certain) fundamental cause of chronic diseases At
times, both miasms may be complicated also with sycosis in
chronically diseased organisms' or, as is much more frequently
the case, psora is the sole fundamental cause of all other chronic
maladies, whatever names they may bear, which are, moreover,
so often bungled, increased and disfigured to a monstrous extent
by allopathic unskilfulness."
In reality almost all of the ailments and symptoms have a
common psoric background, being that the psora is the seat for two
other miasms. This explains to us Hahnemann's apparent disagreement
in relation to the predominant characteristics of each miasm.
 This is clarified even more in aphorism 209 when he
recommends that the prescription be filled to the predominant
misam. He says :
"After this is done, the physician should endeavour in
repeated conversations with the patient to trace the picture of his
disease as completely as possible, according to the directions
given above, in order to be able to elucidate the most striking and
peculiar (characteristic) symptoms, in accordance with which he
selects the first antipsoric or other remedy having the greatest
symptomatic resemblance, for the commencement of the treatment,
and so forth."
 Condensed
Repertory of Miasms
DISORDERS
Diseases Psora Syco Syph
Acne indurata +
Amenorrhoea +
Anaemic condition +
Ankles weakness of + +
Appendicitis +
Arthritis deformans +
Barber's itch +
Blood pressure-high with thickening
of arterial coats or nephritis + +
Boils +
Boils with much pain and suppuration + +
Bright's disease + +
Cancerous manifestations of the rectum + + +
Cancerous manifestations in the
urinary tract + + +
Carcinoma in general + + +
Catarrhal conditions (general) +
Chilblains + + +
Cholera infantum +
Cholera infantum; where diarrhoea
does not drain the child rapidly;
< on night and early morning + +
Constipation with no desire +
Constipation and diarrhoea alternate +
Constipation with accompanying
trouble in other parts or other
concomitants +
Convulsions +
Deformities +
Degenerates + +
 Bacteriology and Homoeopathy

Bacteria* means germs/microbes which see. There are many

different kinds of bacteria, and they are classified in many ways. Not
all are disease producing (pathogenic), some, indeed, such as those
that normally inhabit the lower intestinal tract, are almost essential.
Nevertheless, the discovery that bacteria cause disease was considered
as greatest of all advances in medical science in allopathy.
Bacteriology is the science that deals with bacteria. However, since
far more tiny, microscopically visible micro-organisms than those
classed as bacteria are now known to effect the welfare and diseases
of humans and animals, the name of this science has been expanded
to microbiology.
Historical Background
According to bacteriology small creatures, too samll to be
visible to human eye are the cause of disease. Even the Atharva
Veda** has reference to this view. The piodern concept of
microbiology dates back to Fracastoro Gerolomo of Verona (1478-
1552). As early as 1496, Ulsenius told that syphilis .vas due
exclusively to contagion. Fracastoro, who extended these views
further wrote in 1546 in De Contagione et Contagiosis Morbis about
contagion.of syphilis; "The disease is spread by particles too small
to be seen These seeds have the faculty of multiplying and

* Bacteria are tiny one celled plants, without green colouring matter, that can be seen
only under a compound microscope that magnifies them from 600 to 1200 times.
Bacteria come in many different sizes but in three principal shapes : (1) Rod or pencil
shaped, the bacilli, which produces disease like tuberculosis and leprosy: (2) Spherical
or dot shaped, the cocci, and (3) Spiral or comma shaped, such as the cork screw
spirochete of syphilis or cholera vibrio. The cocci come in pairs (diplococci), strings or
chains (streptococci), or clusters, like grapes, (staphylococci). Typical diplococci are
the gonococcus, cause of gonorrhoea, and the pneumonococcus, cause of pneumonia.
Streptococci are responsible for 'strep' infections, such as the sore throat that is often
fore-runner of rheumatic fever. Staphylococci are often present in boils.
** Atharvaveda Samhita-By D.B. Satvalekar
propagating rapidly." He named the responsible agents a contagium
vivum. He also spoke of the germs of consumption.
Father Athanasium Kircher in 1658 gave creditable theory of
micro-organism in Scrutinium Physico Medicum Pestis. In 1671,
using simple lenses of low magnification, he observed what he called
'peculiar worms' in the blood of persons suffering from the plague.
Thus, he was the first person who suggested, on experimental ground
that disease might be caused by living organisms. It was in
September, 1683 when Atoni van Leeuwenhoek described spermatozoa
and protozoa and also demonstrated micro-organism on the teeth.
These minute bodies he named as 'animalcules'. His contemporary
Diacento Cestoni (1637-1718) of Leghorn described acarus as the
aetiological agent in scabies. This was the first proof of an organism
being the cause of definite disease. A century later Plenciz of Vienna
took up the work of Leeuwenhoek and the experiments carried out
by him showed that each disease had its own specific agent which
multiply in the body. Plenciz also worked out in 1762 (e.g., during
the first decade of Hahnemann's life) a well sounded germ theory of
disease. He examined the minute animals found in decomposing
organic material and named these 'infusoria'. Even Linnaeus listed
these in classification, and Christian Ehrenberg's classification had
appeared during Hahnemann's life time.
Between 1720 and 1880, the science of immunology based on
the principles of bacteriology was at an empirical stage. In 1846,
Ignaz Philippe Semmelweiss had reduced mortality due to puerperal
sepsis from 12.24% to 1.27% by introducing aseptic procedures in
maternity ward. In 1865, Pasteur showed that by avoiding infection
with micro-organisms, it was possible to raise a healthy stock of silk
worms in farms surrounded by infected farms. Pasteur also noted
that inoculation with stale cultures of a micro-organism immunized
the animal against future infection, even if the second infection be
virulent to healthy but not to inoculated animals. This incident even
to the non homoeopath Shryock was reminiscent of Hahnemann's
doctrine that like cures like. It is clear from this that immunity and
susceptibility are relative, and that sub clinical infection itself
increases immunity. Such an observation is in the line with the
observations of Hahnemann.
 Koch's famous postulates (1882) on the relationship of an
organism to the disease it causes were an elaboration of Jakob
Henlay's suggestions of 1840. They were:
(a) that the organism should always be associated with the disease
it is supposed to cause.
(b) that the organism should be isolated in pure culture, and
(c) that the culture organism should produce disease in susceptible
animals.
Ilya Metchnikoff noted in 1883 that amoebae could engulf solid
particles, and later that leucocytes engulfed and destroyed pathogenic
microbes in a similar manner. Further studies revealed that
leucocytes were more effective after the host had been immunized
against the given disease than they were before. Then Pleiffer
observed that bacteria placed in immune serum lost vitality and died.
In 1888, Roux and Yersin observed that the broth used to culture
diphtheria bacilli possessed poisonous qualities. Kitasato noted
similar qualities in culture media that had once contained tetanus
bacilli. These experiments show that microbes produce poison and
they do not destroy it.
After Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1929,
more and more substances, antibiotics, have been used to destroy
bacteria in the body. No doubt, these antibiotics have some
undesirable effects and that they have their limitations, yet no patient
suffering from an infectious disease has died simply because the
bacteria in his body has been wiped out.
In October, 1984, three researcher Mr. Niel Jerne of Denmark,
Mr. George Koechler of West Germany, and Mr. Cesar Millstein of
Argentina were awarded Nobel Prize on medicine for their work on
the immune system and discovery of the principle for production of
monoclonal antibodies. Mr. Jene's 'Network Theory' on immune
response published in 1974 led to new insights into the immune
system, which defends the body against bacteria and viruses. The
theory has been applied in transplant surgery and in treatment of
certain tumours and allergies.
 Hahnemann's Views and Relationship of Bacteriology to
Homoeopathy
According to Dr. Stuart Close, "Hahnemann was the first to
perceive and teach the parasitical nature of infectious or contagious
disease." Dr. B.K. Sarkar in his book 'Organon of Medicine' says
that the idea of contagium vivum originated with Hahnemann and
he can be called as the father of bacteriology. But this belief is not
based on facts in as much as the name bacilli was not given during
Hahnemann's time; nor the microscope, with which Robert Koch was
able to verify was invented. Hahnemann had no microscope. Hence,
he can not be called as the father of bacteriology.
Hahnemann, however kept pace with the scientific developments
of his times. In his translation of Monro's Materia Medica (1791)
he wrote with regard to itch: "I agree with those who attribute the
disease to a living cause." In the Allzeigar (1792) he worte," It
has its origin in small living insects or mites which take up their
abode in our bodies the cause of itch given above is the only true
one, the only one founded upon experience." In 1795 he wrote, "Is
not the eruption-contagion (of crusta lactea) perhaps due to small
animalculae or miasms as an underlying cause." This shows that
Hahnemann subscribed to the view that living beings can cause
specific diseases. In his 'Hailkunde der Erfahrung' (1805) he states
that some disease (the miasmatic maladies) arise "rom a contagion
principle that always remains the same. These diseases always retain
the same characteristic and follow the same course. These views of
Dr. Hahnemann are very close to those of Plenciz. It is important
to note here that according to Hahnemann disease matter is a living
substance.
His views about the contagious principle, the miasm, become
explicit in his 'Chronic Diseases':" have these various, acute miasms
the peculiar characteristics that like parasites (they) grow up (within
the body of the host)....On the other hand, are not the chronic miasms
disease parasites, which continue to live as long as man seized by
them is alive....and....which do not die off of themselves." Further
on in the same work he mentions about "germs of internal itch, or
psora," and again "this miasm like a parasite seeks to inroot its
hostile life in the human organism and to continue it here."
Hahnemann's views about micro-organism become still more clear
in his famous essay on Asiatic Cholera (1831): "the cholera miasm
finds a favourable element for its multiplication and grows into an
enormously increased brood of those excessively minute, invisible
creatures of which the contagious matter of cholera most probably
consists, and the invisible cloud is composed of probably of millions
of those miasmatic animated beings...."
Dr. J.T. Kent says, "He who considers disease results to be
disease itself, and expects to do away with these as disease, is insane.
It is an insanity in medicine, an insanity that has grown out of the
milder forms of mental disorder in science, crazy whims. The
bacteria are the results of disease the microscopical little fellows are
not the disease cause, but what they come after, they are scavangers
they are perfectly harmless in every respect. They are the outcome
of disease." He further says: "they (allopaths) tell you that a bacillus
is the cause of tuberculosis*. But if a man had not been susceptible
to the bacillus he could not have been affected by it. As a matter
of fact, the tubercles come first and the bacillus is secondary. It has
never been found prior to the tubercles.... Allopaths are really taking
the sequence for the consequences, thus leading to a false theory, the
bacteria theory. Hahnemann did not adopt any such theory as
bacteriology." He adds that a recently dead body is poisonous and
later if the cadaver has remained for some time it is full of bacteria
and has no poison. The bacteria are there to remove the poison; the
typhoid stool, when it has a very scanty allowance of bacteria, is
very poisonous, but when it is swarming with bacteria it is benign;
bacteria are sent to destroy the poison of the disease; man lives
longer with bacteria than he would be without them; if we would
succeed in destroying the bacteria in the blood of a consumptive, he
would die soon.
As already said earlier the name bacilli was not invented during
Hahnemann's time, nor the microscope, with which Robert Koch was
able to verify was invented. Hence, Kent's statement that Hahnemann
did not adopt any such theory as bacteriology holds no grounds. With
regard to Kent's remarks that, "psora was susceptibility to disease,

* Professor Virchow declared in his address before the tuberculosis congress held in
Berlin on May 27, 1899, "that there is no evidence that tuberculosis is inherited, as I
have never, in the course of microscopic investigations, found any trace of its presence
in the unborn baby," although he admitted that it could acquire the deseaseone day after
its birth.
142
being the effect of man's evil thoughts—a moral leprosy...." Dr.
Koppikar said, "Hahnemann never thought of psora as man's state
before the infection; he spoke only about the miasm, the infection.
In one place he says he was completely free of psora, though quite
susceptible to most of acute diseases (Chr. Dis. Page 44). Though
a venereal disease originates in sin, it is contracted only when one
partner is infected, never otherwise. None can contract syphilis from
a non syphilitic prostitute."
Dr. M.L. Tyler says, "True natural chronic diseases are those
which owe their origin to a chronic parasitical miasm or germ (or
we should say, chronic parasitical micro-organism) They are fixed
Chronic Miasms, which extend their parasitical ramifications to
spread through the human organisms and to grow without end. (Chr.
Dis. 1.23)
It requires hardly any judgement to ascertain whether Hahnemann
was for or against bacteriology. In case of cholera Dr. Hahnemann
said that there must be something in water that people drink and get
cholera even though could not see cholera germs, you must boil the
water in order to kill the germs (which are the cause. The word
'cause' here has been purposely used—S.P. Koppikar) because
cholera becillus is the cause of cholera and not just one of the
aetiological factors ? More flows in Kent's arguments become
evident when we study development in bacteriology that took place
after Hahnemann's death and before Kent delivered his lecture on
Philosophy of Homoeopathy, and finally the developments that
contradict Kent's predictions. Further Kent's contention that a sick
person lives longer with bacteria than he would without them is also
wrong. Ever since Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in
1929, more and more substances, the antibiotics have been used to
destroy bacteria in the body. Another point that may arise is that all
of us are all the time exposed to bacteria, but we do not catch the
disease. How is that ? The answer is very simple. It all depends upon
the resistance power of the men. It is true that all people may not
have the same resistance power. Only when a man's resistance is
lowered due to whatever reason he gets infection. In such a case, if
we can get some extra help to kill our enemies that should be most
welcomed provided we do not depend on it for all the time.
 Not only has the homoeopathic view point helped scientists to
exploit bacteriology for the benefit of ailing humanity, but
Homoeopathy's claims have also been substantiated by bacteriological
techniques J. Paterson and William Boyd, in 1931, demonstrated an
alteration in the Schick test from positive to negative in 60% of cases
following administration by mouth of a 30C potency ,of toxoid or
201C potency of diphtherinum. This alteration occurred only in 5%
of cases not so treated. Paterson in 1936 also showed that non lactose
fermenters could be isolated from 25% stool specimens examined and
that many chronic symptoms were related to the presence of these
non-lactose fermenters. It was further shown that vaccines of these
non-lactose fermenters, in homoeopathic doses, given by mouth
would eliminate the chronic symptoms. The same is true of micro
doses of other vaccines like pneumococcin, influenzin, streptococcin
etc., etc.
Emil von Behring, a Berlin homoeopath, succeeded in saving
thousands of babies suffering from diphtheria by injecting them with
attenuated bacterial toxin. About this he wrote: " by what
technical term could we more appropriately speak of this influence
excited by similar virus (e.g., toxin) than by Hahnemann's word
homoeopathy "
The science of bacteriology has brought in two main useful
procedures in the practice of internal medicine, viz., the use of
immunisation and the use of antibacterial agents which are very
specific in certain situations. The former is one which is based on
homoeopathic technique. The antibacterial agents have provided
tools to tackle acute infections with much greater ease and certainity.
Success of such measures in tuberculosis and leprosy is of such
proportions that it needs our recognition as a reality of great
significance. Anti-bacterials have enabled surgery to reach into the
inner most recesses of the body. Immuno-suppressive drugs enable
a person to retain a suitable transplanted organ longer.
Louis Pasteur who was the real father of bacteriology and
immunisation was not a doctor. He set out to find out why sheep
were dying of anthrax. He advised isolation of the affected sheep and
thus prevented the spread of the disease. Then he tried immunisation
for healthy sheep and saved the industry. He also applied the same
principle in hydrophobia which was causing 100% mortality. His
technique of vaccination to protect others is a standard even today.
It was the most beautiful use of homoeopathy by a non homoeopathic
man.
About syphilis being a microbial infection there was no doubt
and its remedy was the best preparation of Mercury. For gonorrhoeal
infection, Hahnemann gave just two remedies, Thuja and Nitric Acid.
Why did the psoric infection need more remedies; though Sulphur
was the most important one ?
See what Tyler says: "Some day, someone among the
pathologists will demonstrate his perspicacity in regard to psora
also, by proving that the acarus is the intermediate host of some
micro-organism responsible for one or more chronic diseases of
manifold manifestation."
The science of bacteriology is too advanced to be just pooh-
poohed by our elders. The acceptance of the role of bacteria in no
way reduces the work or scope of homoeopathy, either for curing
or prevention. (Dr. S.P. Koppikar)
 Other Constitutions
Constitution* is that aggregate of hereditarial character
influenced more or less by the environment, which determines the
individual's reaction, successful or unsuccessful to the stress of
environment.
According to the modern medical science there are three types
of constitutions, viz., 1) Bilious, 2) Phlegmatic and 3) Rheumatic.
Bilious Constitution:- It is a constitution attributed to an
excess of bile in the system. It represents Pitta of Ayurved. It is
characterised by a very great activity of liver and of the venous
sanguine system, by a yellow or brown colour of the skin, black
colour of the hair, by leanness and an angular form. Bilious persons
are lively, susceptible, obstinate. They are predisposed to affection
of the liver and intestines and to derangement of digestive function,
to constipation and to piles. Their regime should be principally
vegetarian.
Homoeo Remedies:- Aeon., Aesc h., Ailan., Ambr., Ant c.,
Ant t., Bell., Bryo., Cann i., Cocc., Ipec., Lach., Merc., Nux v.,
Plat., Podo., Puis., Sul.
Phlegmatic Constitution:- Characterised by mucus (Phlegm),
it is equal to Ayurved Kaph constitution. If any person easily suffers
from cold, cough and coryza; from heat or cold, he is said to be
phlegmatic. His sensory function is the weakest function so it is
easily deranged by heat and cold. The respiratory function is,
however, stronger than the sensory function but weaker in compari-
son with other function and it is deranged after derangement of the
sensory function. The patient is indolent, slow and torpid and is
advised to be careful about heat or cold.

* Stedman defines constitution as the physical make up of the body, including the mode
of performance of its functions, the activity of its metabolic processes, the manner and
degree of its reactions to stimuli, and its power of resistance to the attack of pathogenic
organisms.
 Homoeo Remedies:- Aloe., Amm m., Ant t., Bell., Calad.,
Calc., Caps., Cocc., China., Clem., Cycl., Dul., Ferr p., Hep.,
Kreos., Lach., Merc., Mez., Natr c., Natr m., Puis., Seneg., Sep.
Rheumatic Constitution:— It is equal to Vat constitution in
Ayurved. If a man suffers from rheumatism caused by cold or heat
or due to indulgence in food, he is said to be of rheumatic
constitution.
Homoeo Remedies:—Aeon., Act rac., Act spic., Badiag.,
Benz ac., Calc., Kalm., Med., Phyt., Rhod., Rhus tox., Sabin., Sal
ac., Spig., Sul., Tereb.
Dr. Von Grauvogl gave three types of constitutions according
to excess or deficiency of certain elements in the tissues and blood.
These are: i) Hydrogenoid Constitution, ii) Oxygenoid Constitution
and iii) Carbo-nitrogenoid Constitution.
Hydrogenoid Constitution:— It is characterised by an excess
of hydrogen and consequently of water in the blood and tissues. It
corresponds closely with Hahnemann's sycosis but it covers a much
wider area and is not by any means confined to the acquired or
inherited results of gonorrhoel infection. Intermittent fevers and
periodicity come within its sphere. The vaccinosis or the constitu-
tional sufferings from cowpox infection should be included under it.
Hydrogenoid constitution can be recognised by the circum-
stances accompanying the disease. If the patient is worse in cold or
damp weather, and the rain, one has to choose among the remedies
which are similar to his disease, and contain c (cold) and h (hot).
The symptoms are aggravated by everything which increases the
amount of water in the organism, by bath or eating animal flesh of
those animals which remain in water. Conditions are aggravated by
living near water, and especially standing in water. Thuja is the
principal remedy for this constitution.
Oxygenoid Constitution:—It is characterised by an excess of
oxygen, or atleast by an exaggerated influence of oxygen, on the
organism. It corresponds to Hahnemann's syphilis. Mercury is the
principal remedy. Due to influence of oxygen on the body, remedies
of carbon and nitrogen series which prevent the oxidation of tissue
are suitable. Carbon and alkalies rich in carbon have a different
effect as Graphites, Petroleum, Kreosote, Benzoic acid, Citric acid,
Hydrocyanic acid, Laurocerasus and Nitric acid. Some narcotics
such as Aconite, China and Arsenic and metals that are capable of
suspending a process of decomposition such as Chromium and Kali
Bichromicurn are useful.
Carbo Nitrogenoid Constitution:—It is characterised by an
excess of carbon and nitrogen and by insufficient oxygenation. The
diseases it produces are called diseases of the retarded nutrition.
The patient becomes thin after a period of obesity. Albuminoids
are decomposed like the hydrocarbons. There is pseudo albuminuria,
phosphaturia acetonemia, rickets and osteomalacia. General symp-
toms are great frequency of perspiration with shallowness, short
breath, frequent pulse, melanotic cellulitis, constipation or diar-
rhoea, flatulence, urinary troubles, gouty pains, swellings, vertigo,
dullness of the head, yawning, hypochondriasis, irritability and
impatience. Copious uric acid and oxalates in urine, expistaxis and
haemorrhoids, pruritus, baldness, cerebral fatigue, unhealthy skin,
boils and urticaria.
Carbo-nitrogenoid lacks ozone and is rich in carbon and
ni.rogen. Consequently it finds its remedy in ozone and ozonated
water. Aconite, Apis, Argent nitricum, Aurum met, Belladonna,
Bovista, Camphor, Chamomilla, Cuprum, Digitalis, Dulcamara,
Hepar sulph, Lobelia, Lycopodium, Nux vom, Phosphorus, Platina,
Plumbum, Rhus tox, Sulphur, Terebinthina are the medicines for this
constitution. It is Hahnemann's Psora.

Physiological Constitutions
Sanguine Constitution:— It is characterised by the predomi-
nance of the sanguine system, by the strong impulsion of the heart,
by the rosy colour of the skin otherwise white, by black or brown
hair. Sanguine persons are very active, lively, violent and change-
able. Their bodily health is generally good, but if they get sick they
easily succumb. Their muscular powers at times very much
developed and they are disposed to inflammation, haemorrhages and
rheumatism. Their regime should be mild and more vegetable than
animal.
Homoeo Remedies:— Aeon., Ars., Aur met., Calc., Cham.,
Chin s., Coff., Ferr., Hyos., Ign., Murex., Nitr ac., Nux v., Phos.,
Plat.
 Lymphatic Constitution:— It is characterised by the lyrnph
or white blood, by the scarcity of hair which are either brown or red,
by white skin and light complexion, a full rounded frame, whereas
the flesh is soft and flaccid. Lymphatic persons are generally mild,
timid, amiable and easy going. The circulation of blood is sluggish,
the pulse slow and their muscular power relaxed. They are subject
to catarrh and glandular swellings, to dropsy and abcesses. Their
regime is both vegetable and animal, but not farinaceous. Spices and
fermented drinks do them good.
Homoeo Remedies:— Amm c., Apis., Arn., Ast r., Aur mur.,
Bapt., Bar c., Bar m.. Bell., Calc., Calc ars., Cann i., Carb v.,
China., Dul., Ferr., Graph., Hepar., Kalm., Lyco., Merc., Murex.,
Natr m., Nitr ac., Petr., Phos., Puis., Rhus., Sep., Sil., Sul., Thuja.
Nervous Constitution:— It is characterised by the predomi-
nance of the brain and the nervous system, by paleness and dryness
of the skin, by moderate stoutness, often leanness. Their complexion
is pale and colour of their hair variable; often brown. Nervous
persons are extremely sensitive, excited, impressionable, lively,
spirited and very active. They are liable to nervous disorders and
neuralgias. Their regime should be milk, vegetables and animal food.
Homoeo Remedies:— Aeon., Agar., Alum., Ambr., Anac.,
Arg n., Ars., Bar c., Bell., Calc., Cann i., Carb v., Cham., Chin s.,
China., Con., Cupr m., Dig., Graph., Hepar., Hy< s., Ign., Lach.,
Laur., Lyco., Magn c., Magn p., Mar v., Merc., Natr c., Natr m.,
Nux m., Nux v., Phos., Phos ac., Plat., Puis., Rhus., Sabin., Sec.,
Sep., Sil., Stann., Stram., Sul., Val., Viol., Zinc.
Bilious constitution:— See page 146.

Pathological Constitutions
Herpetic Constitution:— It is characterised by the vivacity
of the impressions by a natural heat more than ordinary, by rapidity
of digestion and all other functions in general, by leanness, a red
complexion, and rough skin. The vegetable regime suits it best.
Homoeo Remedies:— Bov., Calc., Graph., Lyco., Sil., Sul.
Hysterical Constitution:— It is characterised by great
nervousness. Hysterical persons are very impressionable and their
functions are very irregular. Their regime must be varied.
 Homoeo Remedies:— Aeon., Gels., Phos ac.
Gouty Constitution:— It is characterised by stoutness or
atleast a florid nutrition, by the largeness of the articulations and
the bones, by diminished and feeble muscular strength, and an
inclination to good cheer. Their regime is vegetable.
Homoeo Remedies:— Apis., Aspar., Benz ac., Calc p., Caps.,
Carb s., Cham., Colch., Crot., Guaiac., Led., Lith., Lyco., Magn c.,
Menyanth., Sabin., Urt ur.
Haemorrhoidal Constitution:— It is characterised by
haemorrhages, fall of the anus in childhood, largeness of traite,
frequent cold and catarrh and irregularity of the intestinal functions.
Vegetable regime.
Homoeo Remedies:— Aes h., Calc., Caps., Caust., Crot.,
Graph., Ham., Mur ac., Nux v., Plat.
Tubercular Constitution:— It is characterised by sluggish
circulation of blood and nutrition by the fineness and delicateness
of the skin, the narrowness of the chest and natural openings, by the
prominence of the shoulders and the cheek bones, by the round spade
like shape of the end of the fingers. A milk and vegetable diet is
best for them, notwithstanding of the opinion of some that roast beef
and crude meat is good for tuberculous patients.
Homoeo Remedies:— Acet ac., Agar., Ars., Ars iod., Arum
t., Brom., Calc., Calc ars., Calc p., Hepar., Iod., Kali c., Kali iod.,
Lach., Lyco., Mang., Merc., Natr m., Natr s., Phos., Pix., Psor.,
Rhus., Sep., Sil. Spong., Stann., Stram., Sul., Tuber.
Occupation, regime, education and climate have a great
influence on constitution and modify them very much in time.
Children are generally lymphatic, young sanguine and old people
bilious.
 References

Allen, J.H. Chronic Miasms-Psora, Pseudo Psora and

Sycosis
Anthony Campbell Miasms Revisited (The British Homoeopathic
Journal — January, 1983)
Baldwin, C.A. Organon of the Art of Healing Restated
Banerjee P.N. Chronic Diseases
Bankar, S.S. Repertory of Miasms
Berjeau, J.P.H. Syphilis, Gonorrhoea, Spermatorrhoea and
Urinary Diseases
Burnett, J.C. Vaccinosis
Clarke, J.H. Constitutional Medicine
Clarke, J.H. Non Surgical Treatment of Diseases of Glands
and Bones
Demarque, D. Hahnemann's Conception of Chronic Dis-
eases (Zeitchrift fur Klassische Homoeopathie
und Arzneipotenzierung—Jan./Feb., 1981)
Fortier Bernoville Syphilis and Sycosis
Francisco, V. Characteristics of Psora (Homoeopathic Re-
corder— July, 1941)
Hahnemann, S. The Chronic Diseases
Hahnemann, S. The Organon of Medicine
Hehr, G.S. Bacteriology and Homoeopathy (The British
Homoeopathic Journal — April, 1982)
Justus J. Schiffeies The Family Medical Encyclopedia
Kanjilal, J.N. The Basic Nature of the Three Fundamental
Miasms (Hahnemannian Gleanings — Sep-
tember, 1976)
Kent, J.T. Lectures on Homoeopathic Philosop'
 Kent, J.T. Repertory of Homoeopathic Materia Medica
Knerr, C.B. Repertory of Hering's Guidirg Symptoms
Nemo Broken Down Constitutions (The
Homoeopathic Outlook — October, 1964)
Ortega, P.S. Chronic Miasms (The British Homoeopathic
Journal — Jan., 1983)
Phyllis Speight Comparison of the Chronic Miasms
Raue, C.G. Special Pathology and Therapeutic Hints
Robert, H.A. The Principles and Art of Cure
Sachimohan Chowdhury Ayurbigyan

Sarabhai Kapadia
P. Sankaran Impact of Bacteriology on Homoeopathic
J.N. Kanjilal Practice (Indian Journnal of Homoeopathic
Prakash Kumta Medicine—Oct./Dec. 1978)
S.P. Koppikar & others -

Smith, G. Kent Symposium on Chronic Diseases

(Homoeopathic Recorder—August, 1947)

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 DR. Y. R. AGRAWAL

UNIQUE BOOKS IN HOMOEOPATHY

BY
VIJAY PUBLICATIONS
1. A Practical Solution to Potency Problem
2. Cautions in Homoeopathy
3. What A Homoeopath Should Kno.w
4. The Dose and its Repetition
5. A Comparative Study of Chronic Miasms
6. Prophylactics in Homoeopathy
7. Drug Relationship-Antidotal & Inimical
8. A Repertory of Desires & Aversions
9. Measles and Small-pox
10. Symptoms and Totality of Symptoms
11. A Treatise on Bowel Nosodes
12. Homoeopathy in Surgery
13. Homoeopathy in Diseases of Hair & Nails
14. Materia Medica of Glandular Medicines
15. Homoeopathy in Accidents & Injuries
16. Insomnia and Sleep
17. Homoeopathy in Asthma
18. Dreams and Nightmares
19. Homoeopathy in Diseases of Teeth & Gums