Polynomials PDF

2.
POLYNOMIALS
1. From the given graph y = p(x). Find the number of zeroes of the
polynomial p(x) . What are the zeroes? y
x’ -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 X
y‘
2. What will be the nature of the graph of the following polynomials
(i) a x 2 + b x + c when a > 0
(ii) a x 2 + b x + c when a < 0
3. What is the relation between a and b, if sum of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial a x 2 + b x +
c ( 𝑎 ≠ 0 ) is equal to the product of the zeroes .
4. What is the degree of the polynomial whose graph intersect the x – axis at four points .
5. If - 1 is one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial a x 2 + b x + c ( 𝑎 ≠ 0 ) , write at least one
of its factor with justification.
6. If p and q are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial a x 2 + b x + c ( 𝑎 ≠ 0 ) , find the value of
pq + ( p+q )
7. Find the zeroes of the polynomial 2x 2‒3√3x + 3
8. For what value of k , (-4) is a zero of the polynomial x 2 ‒ 2x ‒ (3k +3) ?
9. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial x 2 ‒ 4x ‒ 12 , then find the value of + -2αβ
without finding actual zeroes.
10. What should be subtracted from the polynomial of p(x)= x 2 – 3 a x + 3 a – 7 so that , (x + 2) is a
factor of the polynomial p(x) and hence also find the value of a
11. If one of the zero of the polynomial 2 x 2 ‒ 4x ‒ 2k is reciprocal of the other ,Find the value of k.
12. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial 2 x 2 ‒ 5x ‒10 , then find the Value of α -2 + β -2 ( by
using algebraic identity )
13. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 2x 2- 9 - 3 x and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients
14. If two zeroes of the polynomial x 3- 4 x2-3x + 12 are √3 and - √3 , then find its third zero .
15. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial f (x)= x 2 + px + q then form a polynomial whose
zeroes are and .
16. If the zeroes of the polynomial x 2 + px + q are double in value to the zeroes of 2x 2- 5 x – 3 , Find
the value of p and q.
17. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial f (x)= x 2 - 9x + a, find the value of a if 5 α +4 β = 40
18. If -2 and the 3 are the zeroes of the polynomial ax 2+ bx‒6 , then find the value of a and b
19. If the polynomial f (x)= x 3+2 x 2 - 5x + 1 is divided by another polynomial x + 3 , then the remainder
comes out to be ax + b . Find the values of a and b (without doing actual division )
20. If 2 and -3 are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 + (a +1) x + b,Then find the value of a
and b.
ANSWER
1. 3 zeroes, Zeroes are - 2, 0 , 2
2. (i) a parabola opening upward (ii) a parabola opening downward
3. = i.e b + c = 0
4. Degree is 4( since it has 4 zeroes )
5. By Factor theorem (x+1) will be one of its factors if x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = -1
6. pq + ( p+q ) = + =
7. 2x 2‒3√3x + 3= (2 x ‒√3) (x ‒√3)
Zeroes x = √3 /2 and x = √3
8. p(x) = x 2 ‒ 2x ‒ (3k +3)
∴ p(-4) =(-4)2- 2 (-4)-(3k+3)
⇒ 0 = 21 – 3k So, k = 7
2
9. p (x) = x ‒ 4x ‒ 12
+ -2αβ = - 2 αβ = -2 (-12) = + 24 = = =
10. If the polynomial p( x )= x 2 – 3 a x + 3 a – 7 is divided by x + 2 , then by Remainder theorem,
remainder is p(-2).
P(-2) = 9 a – 3
∴ 9 a -3 should be subtracted
If x + 2 is a factor of p( x ), then by Factor theorem p(-2) = 0
⇒ 9 a -3 = 0
So, a=
11. Let α and be the zeroes of the polynomial p x)= 2 x 2 ‒ 4x ‒ 2k
∴ α × = so, k = - 1
12. p( x ) = 2 x 2 ‒ 5x ‒10
( )
α -2 + β -2 = + = ( )
= ( )
=
= =
13. p( x ) = 2 x 2 ‒ 3x ‒9 = (2x + 3)(x – 3) [ factorising by splitting of the middle term ]
Now, p( x) = 0 so, x = and 3
Sum of the zeroes = + 3= =
Product if zeroes = × 3= =
14. As √3 and - √3 are the zeroes of the polynomial x 3- 4 x‒ 3x + 12 ,
The quadratic polynomial forming by the given zeroes = (x ‒√3 )( (x +√3 )
= x 2‒ 3
Now, x 3- 4 x‒ 3x + 12 = x 2 ( x – 4 ) – 3 ( x – 4 ) = ( x 2– 3)( x – 4 )
= (x ‒√3 )( (x +√3 ) (x – 4 )
So the third zero of the given polynomial is 4
15. α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial f (x)= x 2 + px + q
α + β = = -p and α × β = = q
so, + = = and × = =
The required polynomial is p(x) = k [x 2 – (sum of zeroes)x + product of zeroes]
= k [x 2+ x + ]
Taking k = q p(x) =q x 2+ p x+ 1
16. The zeroes of the polynomial 2x 2- 5 x – 3 are given by
2x 2- 5 x – 3 = 0
( 2x + 1 )( x – 3 ) = 0 so, x = 3 and
The zeroes of the polynomial x 2 + px + q are 6 and – 1
Sum of the zeroes = 6+ (-1)
-p = 5 ∴ p = -5
Product of the zeroes = 6× (-1)
∴ q =-6
17. α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial f (x)= x 2 - 9x + a
( )
α+ β= =9
5 α +4 β = 40 ⇒ α + 4 α +4 β = 40
⇒ α + 4 (α +β) = 40
⇒ α + 4×9 = 40 ⇒ α=4
Putting the value of α in 5 α +4 β = 40 we get β = 5
So, product of the zeroes α× β = ⇒ a= 4×5 =20
18. Let , p (x) = ax 2+ bx‒6
-2 and the 3 are the zeroes of the polynomial
Sum of the zeroes = - 2 + 3
⇒ = 1 ⇒ a = - b………………….(i)
Product of the zeroes = -2 × 3

⇒ = ‒6 ⇒ = ‒6 so , a = 1
From (i) we have b = - 1
x3+
19. If f (x)= 2
2 x - 5x + 1 is divided by another polynomial x + 3
So , by remainder theorem , remainder is f (-3)
Now, f (-3)= ( -3) 3 + 2 (-3) 2 – 5 (-3) + 1
= -27 + 18 + 15 + 1
= - 27 + 34
Remainder = 7 ………………………… (i)
But , remainder = ax + b (given ) …………. (ii)
Comparing (i) and (ii) we have ,
a x + b = 0. x + 7 so, a = 0 and b = 7
20. Let , p (x ) = x 2 + (a +1) x + b
2 and – 3 are the zeroes of p (x )
so , p (2 ) = 0
⇒ 22+ (a+1)×2 + b =0
⇒ 2a + b = ‒ 6 ……………………. (i)
and p (-3) = 0
⇒ (-3)2+ (a+1)×(-3) + b =0
⇒ -3a + b = ‒ 6 ……………………. (i)
Solving equation (i) and (ii ) we have a = 0 and b=-6

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2.

Product of the zeroes = -2 × 3

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