ISO 3166-1

ISO 3166-1 (Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country
codes) is a st andard defining codes for t he names of count ries, dependent t errit ories, and special areas
of geographical int erest . It is t he first part of t he ISO 3166 st andard published by t he Int ernat ional
Organizat ion for St andardizat ion.

It defines t hree set s of count ry codes:[1]

ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 – t wo-let t er count ry codes which are t he most widely used of t he t hree, and used
most prominent ly for t he Int ernet 's count ry code t op-level domains (wit h a few except ions).

ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 – t hree-let t er count ry codes which allow a bet t er visual associat ion bet ween t he
codes and t he count ry names t han t he alpha-2 codes.

ISO 3166-1 numeric – t hree-digit count ry codes which are ident ical t o t hose developed and maint ained
by t he Unit ed Nat ions St at ist ics Division, wit h t he advant age of script (writ ing syst em) independence,
and hence useful for people or syst ems using non-Lat in script s.

The alphabet ic count ry codes were first included in ISO 3166 in 1974, and t he numeric count ry codes
were first included in 1981. The count ry codes have been published as ISO 3166-1 since 1997, when ISO
3166 was expanded int o t hree part s, wit h ISO 3166-2 defining codes for subdivisions and ISO 3166-3
defining codes for former count ries.[1]

As a widely used int ernat ional st andard, ISO 3166-1 is implement ed in ot her st andards and used by
int ernat ional organizat ions[1] t o allow facilit at ion of t he exchange of goods and informat ion.[1] However, it
is not t he only st andard for count ry codes. Ot her count ry codes used by many int ernat ional organizat ions
are part ly or t ot ally incompat ible wit h ISO 3166-1,[1] alt hough some of t hem closely correspond t o ISO
3166-1 codes.

Criteria for inclusion

Codes for 249 count ries, t errit ories, or areas of geographical int erest are assigned in ISO 3166-1.[2]
According t o t he ISO 3166 Maint enance Agency (ISO 3166/MA), t he only way t o ent er a new count ry
name int o ISO 3166-1 is t o have it regist ered in one of t he following t wo sources:[1]

Unit ed Nat ions Terminology Bullet in Country Names, or

Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use of t he Unit ed Nat ions St at ist ics Division.

To be list ed in t he bullet in Country Names, a count ry must be at least one of t he following:[3]

A member st at e of t he Unit ed Nat ions

A member of one of it s specialized agencies

 A part y t o t he Statute of the International Court of Justice

The list of names in Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use of t he UN St at ist ics Division is based on
t he bullet in Country Names and ot her UN sources.

Once a count ry name or t errit ory name appears in eit her of t hese t wo sources, it will be added t o ISO
3166-1 by default .

The ISO 3166/MA may reserve code element s for ot her ent it ies t hat do not qualify for inclusion based
on t he above crit eria.[4] For example, because t he European Union is not a count ry, it is not formally
included in ISO 3166-1, but for pract ical reasons, t he ISO 3166/MA has "reserved t he t wo-let t er
combinat ion EU for t he purpose of ident ifying t he European Union wit hin t he framework of ISO 3166-1".[5]

Information included

ISO 3166-1 is published officially in bot h English and French. Since t he second edit ion of ISO 3166-1, t he
following columns are included for each ent ry:

1. Count ry Name – English (or French) short name (all upper-case)

2. English (or French) short name lower case (t it le case)

3. English (or French) full name

4. Alpha-2 code

5. Alpha-3 code

6. Numeric code

7. Remarks

8. Independent

9. Addit ional informat ion: Administ rat ive language(s) alpha-2 code element (s)

10. Addit ional informat ion: Administ rat ive language(s) alpha-3 code element (s)

11. Addit ional informat ion: Local short name(s)

Naming and code construction

The International Organization for

Standardization uses the country names
chosen by the United Nations, some of
which are disputed.

Naming and disputes

The count ry names used in ISO 3166-1 are t aken from t he t wo UN sources. Some count ry names used by
t he UN, and accordingly by ISO, are disput ed:
 Shor t name
Shor t name lower case List ed as Link to
Local
upper case in ISO 3166 independent Disput e ISO
shor t name
in ISO 3166 in ISO 3166 3166-2
Full name

Afghanistan
Under the unrecognized
Afghānistān (ps) ISO 3166-
AFGHANISTAN the Islamic Yes [6]
government of the Islamic
Afghānistān (fa) 2:AF
Republic of Emirate of Afghanistan
Afghanistan

China
Disputed sovereignty with ISO 3166-
CHINA Yes[7] Zhongguo (zh)
the People's Taiwan 2:CN
Republic of China

Cyprus
Kýpros (el) Disputed sovereignty with ISO 3166-
CYPRUS Yes[8]
the Republic of Kıbrıs (tr) Northern Cyprus 2:CY
Cyprus

FALKLAND ISLANDS Falkland Islands Falkland Islands Disputed sovereignty and ISO 3166-
[a]
No[9]
(MALVINAS) (the) [Malvinas] (the) [Malvinas] (en) naming 2:FK

Palestine,
State of
PALESTINE, ISO 3166-
No[10] Dawlat Filasţīn (ar) Disputed sovereignty
STATE OF 2:PS
the State of
Palestine

TAIWAN, Taiwan (Province Disputed sovereignty and ISO 3166-

[a]
No[11] Taiwan (zh) [5]
PROVINCE OF CHINA of China) naming 2:TW

Aş Şaḩrā' Disputed sovereignty with ISO 3166-

WESTERN SAHARA Western Sahara[a] No[12]
al Gharbīyah (ar) Morocco 2:EH

Coding

The codes are chosen, according t o t he ISO 3166/MA, "t o reflect t he significant , unique component of
t he count ry name in order t o allow a visual associat ion bet ween count ry name and count ry code".[5] For
t his reason, common component s of count ry names like "Republic", "Kingdom", "Unit ed", "Federal" or
"Democrat ic" are normally not used for deriving t he code element s. As a consequence, for example, t he
Unit ed Kingdom is officially assigned t he alpha-2 code GB rat her t han UK, based on it s official name
"Unit ed Kingdom of Great Brit ain and Nort hern Ireland" (alt hough UK is reserved on t he request of t he
Unit ed Kingdom). Some codes are chosen based on t he nat ive names of t he count ries. For example,
Germany is assigned t he alpha-2 code DE, based on it s nat ive name "Deut schland".
Codes

The complet e ISO 3166-1 list of count ries and t heir assigned codes,[13] list ed in alphabet ical order by t he
count ry's English short name used by t he ISO 3166/MA:

Each country's alpha-2 code is linked to more information about the assignment of its code elements.
ISO 3166-1 t able

Link to
English shor t name Alpha- Alpha- Numeric
ISO 3166- Independent
(using t it le case) 2 code 3 code code
2

Afghanistan[b] AF AFG 004 ISO 3166-2:AF Yes

Åland Islands AX ALA 248 ISO 3166-2:AX No

Albania AL ALB 008 ISO 3166-2:AL Yes

Algeria DZ DZA 012 ISO 3166-2:DZ Yes

American Samoa AS ASM 016 ISO 3166-2:AS No

Andorra AD AND 020 ISO 3166-2:AD Yes

Angola AO AGO 024 ISO 3166-2:AO Yes

Anguilla AI AIA 660 ISO 3166-2:AI No

Antarctica AQ ATA 010 ISO 3166-2:AQ No

Antigua and Barbuda AG ATG 028 ISO 3166-2:AG Yes

Argentina AR ARG 032 ISO 3166-2:AR Yes

Armenia AM ARM 051 ISO 3166-2:AM Yes

Aruba AW ABW 533 ISO 3166-2:AW No

Australia AU AUS 036 ISO 3166-2:AU Yes

Austria AT AUT 040 ISO 3166-2:AT Yes

Azerbaijan AZ AZE 031 ISO 3166-2:AZ Yes

Bahamas BS BHS 044 ISO 3166-2:BS Yes

Bahrain BH BHR 048 ISO 3166-2:BH Yes

Bangladesh BD BGD 050 ISO 3166-2:BD Yes

Barbados BB BRB 052 ISO 3166-2:BB Yes

Belarus BY BLR 112 ISO 3166-2:BY Yes

Belgium BE BEL 056 ISO 3166-2:BE Yes

Belize BZ BLZ 084 ISO 3166-2:BZ Yes

Benin BJ BEN 204 ISO 3166-2:BJ Yes

Bermuda BM BMU 060 ISO 3166-2:BM No

Bhutan BT BTN 064 ISO 3166-2:BT Yes

Bolivia, Plurinational State of BO BOL 068 ISO 3166-2:BO Yes

Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba[c] BQ BES 535 ISO 3166-2:BQ No

Bosnia and Herzegovina BA BIH 070 ISO 3166-2:BA Yes

Botswana BW BWA 072 ISO 3166-2:BW Yes

Bouvet Island BV BVT 074 ISO 3166-2:BV No

Brazil BR BRA 076 ISO 3166-2:BR Yes

 Link to
English shor t name Alpha- Alpha- Numeric
ISO 3166- Independent
(using t it le case) 2 code 3 code code
2

British Indian Ocean Territory IO IOT 086 ISO 3166-2:IO No

Brunei Darussalam BN BRN 096 ISO 3166-2:BN Yes

Bulgaria BG BGR 100 ISO 3166-2:BG Yes

Burkina Faso BF BFA 854 ISO 3166-2:BF Yes

Burundi BI BDI 108 ISO 3166-2:BI Yes

Cabo Verde CV CPV 132 ISO 3166-2:CV Yes

Cambodia KH KHM 116 ISO 3166-2:KH Yes

Cameroon CM CMR 120 ISO 3166-2:CM Yes

Canada CA CAN 124 ISO 3166-2:CA Yes

Cayman Islands KY CYM 136 ISO 3166-2:KY No

Central African Republic CF CAF 140 ISO 3166-2:CF Yes

Chad TD TCD 148 ISO 3166-2:TD Yes

Chile CL CHL 152 ISO 3166-2:CL Yes

China[b] CN CHN 156 ISO 3166-2:CN Yes

Christmas Island CX CXR 162 ISO 3166-2:CX No

Cocos (Keeling) Islands CC CCK 166 ISO 3166-2:CC No

Colombia CO COL 170 ISO 3166-2:CO Yes

Comoros KM COM 174 ISO 3166-2:KM Yes

Congo CG COG 178 ISO 3166-2:CG Yes

Congo, Democratic Republic of the CD COD 180 ISO 3166-2:CD Yes

Cook Islands CK COK 184 ISO 3166-2:CK No

Costa Rica CR CRI 188 ISO 3166-2:CR Yes

Côte d'Ivoire CI CIV 384 ISO 3166-2:CI Yes

Croatia HR HRV 191 ISO 3166-2:HR Yes

Cuba CU CUB 192 ISO 3166-2:CU Yes

Curaçao CW CUW 531 ISO 3166-2:CW No

Cyprus[b] CY CYP 196 ISO 3166-2:CY Yes

Czechia CZ CZE 203 ISO 3166-2:CZ Yes

Denmark DK DNK 208 ISO 3166-2:DK Yes

Djibouti DJ DJI 262 ISO 3166-2:DJ Yes

Dominica DM DMA 212 ISO 3166-2:DM Yes

Dominican Republic DO DOM 214 ISO 3166-2:DO Yes

Ecuador EC ECU 218 ISO 3166-2:EC Yes

 Link to
English shor t name Alpha- Alpha- Numeric
ISO 3166- Independent
(using t it le case) 2 code 3 code code
2

Egypt EG EGY 818 ISO 3166-2:EG Yes

El Salvador SV SLV 222 ISO 3166-2:SV Yes

Equatorial Guinea GQ GNQ 226 ISO 3166-2:GQ Yes

Eritrea ER ERI 232 ISO 3166-2:ER Yes

Estonia EE EST 233 ISO 3166-2:EE Yes

Eswatini SZ SWZ 748 ISO 3166-2:SZ Yes

Ethiopia ET ETH 231 ISO 3166-2:ET Yes

Falkland Islands (Malvinas)[b] FK FLK 238 ISO 3166-2:FK No

Faroe Islands FO FRO 234 ISO 3166-2:FO No

Fiji FJ FJI 242 ISO 3166-2:FJ Yes

Finland FI FIN 246 ISO 3166-2:FI Yes

France FR FRA 250 ISO 3166-2:FR Yes

French Guiana GF GUF 254 ISO 3166-2:GF No

French Polynesia PF PYF 258 ISO 3166-2:PF No

French Southern Territories TF ATF 260 ISO 3166-2:TF No

Gabon GA GAB 266 ISO 3166-2:GA Yes

Gambia GM GMB 270 ISO 3166-2:GM Yes

Georgia GE GEO 268 ISO 3166-2:GE Yes

Germany DE DEU 276 ISO 3166-2:DE Yes

Ghana GH GHA 288 ISO 3166-2:GH Yes

Gibraltar GI GIB 292 ISO 3166-2:GI No

Greece GR GRC 300 ISO 3166-2:GR Yes

Greenland GL GRL 304 ISO 3166-2:GL No

Grenada GD GRD 308 ISO 3166-2:GD Yes

Guadeloupe GP GLP 312 ISO 3166-2:GP No

Guam GU GUM 316 ISO 3166-2:GU No

Guatemala GT GTM 320 ISO 3166-2:GT Yes

Guernsey GG GGY 831 ISO 3166-2:GG No

Guinea GN GIN 324 ISO 3166-2:GN Yes

Guinea-Bissau GW GNB 624 ISO 3166-2:GW Yes

Guyana GY GUY 328 ISO 3166-2:GY Yes

Haiti HT HTI 332 ISO 3166-2:HT Yes

Heard Island and McDonald Islands HM HMD 334 ISO 3166-2:HM No

 Link to
English shor t name Alpha- Alpha- Numeric
ISO 3166- Independent
(using t it le case) 2 code 3 code code
2

Holy See VA VAT 336 ISO 3166-2:VA Yes

Honduras HN HND 340 ISO 3166-2:HN Yes

Hong Kong HK HKG 344 ISO 3166-2:HK No

Hungary HU HUN 348 ISO 3166-2:HU Yes

Iceland IS ISL 352 ISO 3166-2:IS Yes

India IN IND 356 ISO 3166-2:IN Yes

Indonesia ID IDN 360 ISO 3166-2:ID Yes

Iran, Islamic Republic of IR IRN 364 ISO 3166-2:IR Yes

Iraq IQ IRQ 368 ISO 3166-2:IQ Yes

Ireland IE IRL 372 ISO 3166-2:IE Yes

Isle of Man IM IMN 833 ISO 3166-2:IM No

Israel IL ISR 376 ISO 3166-2:IL Yes

Italy IT ITA 380 ISO 3166-2:IT Yes

Jamaica JM JAM 388 ISO 3166-2:JM Yes

Japan JP JPN 392 ISO 3166-2:JP Yes

Jersey JE JEY 832 ISO 3166-2:JE No

Jordan JO JOR 400 ISO 3166-2:JO Yes

Kazakhstan KZ KAZ 398 ISO 3166-2:KZ Yes

Kenya KE KEN 404 ISO 3166-2:KE Yes

Kiribati KI KIR 296 ISO 3166-2:KI Yes

Korea, Democratic People's Republic of KP PRK 408 ISO 3166-2:KP Yes

Korea, Republic of KR KOR 410 ISO 3166-2:KR Yes

Kuwait KW KWT 414 ISO 3166-2:KW Yes

Kyrgyzstan KG KGZ 417 ISO 3166-2:KG Yes

Lao People's Democratic Republic LA LAO 418 ISO 3166-2:LA Yes

Latvia LV LVA 428 ISO 3166-2:LV Yes

Lebanon LB LBN 422 ISO 3166-2:LB Yes

Lesotho LS LSO 426 ISO 3166-2:LS Yes

Liberia LR LBR 430 ISO 3166-2:LR Yes

Libya LY LBY 434 ISO 3166-2:LY Yes

Liechtenstein LI LIE 438 ISO 3166-2:LI Yes

Lithuania LT LTU 440 ISO 3166-2:LT Yes

Luxembourg LU LUX 442 ISO 3166-2:LU Yes

 Link to
English shor t name Alpha- Alpha- Numeric
ISO 3166- Independent
(using t it le case) 2 code 3 code code
2

Macao MO MAC 446 ISO 3166-2:MO No

Madagascar MG MDG 450 ISO 3166-2:MG Yes

Malawi MW MWI 454 ISO 3166-2:MW Yes

Malaysia MY MYS 458 ISO 3166-2:MY Yes

Maldives MV MDV 462 ISO 3166-2:MV Yes

Mali ML MLI 466 ISO 3166-2:ML Yes

Malta MT MLT 470 ISO 3166-2:MT Yes

Marshall Islands MH MHL 584 ISO 3166-2:MH Yes

Martinique MQ MTQ 474 ISO 3166-2:MQ No

Mauritania MR MRT 478 ISO 3166-2:MR Yes

Mauritius MU MUS 480 ISO 3166-2:MU Yes

Mayotte YT MYT 175 ISO 3166-2:YT No

Mexico MX MEX 484 ISO 3166-2:MX Yes

Micronesia, Federated States of FM FSM 583 ISO 3166-2:FM Yes

Moldova, Republic of MD MDA 498 ISO 3166-2:MD Yes

Monaco MC MCO 492 ISO 3166-2:MC Yes

Mongolia MN MNG 496 ISO 3166-2:MN Yes

Montenegro ME MNE 499 ISO 3166-2:ME Yes

Montserrat MS MSR 500 ISO 3166-2:MS No

Morocco MA MAR 504 ISO 3166-2:MA Yes

Mozambique MZ MOZ 508 ISO 3166-2:MZ Yes

Myanmar MM MMR 104 ISO 3166-2:MM Yes

Namibia NA NAM 516 ISO 3166-2:NA Yes

Nauru NR NRU 520 ISO 3166-2:NR Yes

Nepal NP NPL 524 ISO 3166-2:NP Yes

Netherlands, Kingdom of the NL NLD 528 ISO 3166-2:NL Yes

New Caledonia NC NCL 540 ISO 3166-2:NC No

New Zealand NZ NZL 554 ISO 3166-2:NZ Yes

Nicaragua NI NIC 558 ISO 3166-2:NI Yes

Niger NE NER 562 ISO 3166-2:NE Yes

Nigeria NG NGA 566 ISO 3166-2:NG Yes

Niue NU NIU 570 ISO 3166-2:NU No

Norfolk Island NF NFK 574 ISO 3166-2:NF No

 Link to
English shor t name Alpha- Alpha- Numeric
ISO 3166- Independent
(using t it le case) 2 code 3 code code
2

North Macedonia MK MKD 807 ISO 3166-2:MK Yes

Northern Mariana Islands MP MNP 580 ISO 3166-2:MP No

Norway NO NOR 578 ISO 3166-2:NO Yes

Oman OM OMN 512 ISO 3166-2:OM Yes

Pakistan PK PAK 586 ISO 3166-2:PK Yes

Palau PW PLW 585 ISO 3166-2:PW Yes

Palestine, State of[b] PS PSE 275 ISO 3166-2:PS No

Panama PA PAN 591 ISO 3166-2:PA Yes

Papua New Guinea PG PNG 598 ISO 3166-2:PG Yes

Paraguay PY PRY 600 ISO 3166-2:PY Yes

Peru PE PER 604 ISO 3166-2:PE Yes

Philippines PH PHL 608 ISO 3166-2:PH Yes

Pitcairn PN PCN 612 ISO 3166-2:PN No

Poland PL POL 616 ISO 3166-2:PL Yes

Portugal PT PRT 620 ISO 3166-2:PT Yes

Puerto Rico PR PRI 630 ISO 3166-2:PR No

Qatar QA QAT 634 ISO 3166-2:QA Yes

Réunion RE REU 638 ISO 3166-2:RE No

Romania RO ROU 642 ISO 3166-2:RO Yes

Russian Federation RU RUS 643 ISO 3166-2:RU Yes

Rwanda RW RWA 646 ISO 3166-2:RW Yes

Saint Barthélemy BL BLM 652 ISO 3166-2:BL No

Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha[d] SH SHN 654 ISO 3166-2:SH No

Saint Kitts and Nevis KN KNA 659 ISO 3166-2:KN Yes

Saint Lucia LC LCA 662 ISO 3166-2:LC Yes

Saint Martin (French part) MF MAF 663 ISO 3166-2:MF No

Saint Pierre and Miquelon PM SPM 666 ISO 3166-2:PM No

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC VCT 670 ISO 3166-2:VC Yes

Samoa WS WSM 882 ISO 3166-2:WS Yes

San Marino SM SMR 674 ISO 3166-2:SM Yes

Sao Tome and Principe ST STP 678 ISO 3166-2:ST Yes

Saudi Arabia SA SAU 682 ISO 3166-2:SA Yes

Senegal SN SEN 686 ISO 3166-2:SN Yes

 Link to
English shor t name Alpha- Alpha- Numeric
ISO 3166- Independent
(using t it le case) 2 code 3 code code
2

Serbia RS SRB 688 ISO 3166-2:RS Yes

Seychelles SC SYC 690 ISO 3166-2:SC Yes

Sierra Leone SL SLE 694 ISO 3166-2:SL Yes

Singapore SG SGP 702 ISO 3166-2:SG Yes

Sint Maarten (Dutch part) SX SXM 534 ISO 3166-2:SX No

Slovakia SK SVK 703 ISO 3166-2:SK Yes

Slovenia SI SVN 705 ISO 3166-2:SI Yes

Solomon Islands SB SLB 090 ISO 3166-2:SB Yes

Somalia SO SOM 706 ISO 3166-2:SO Yes

South Africa ZA ZAF 710 ISO 3166-2:ZA Yes

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands GS SGS 239 ISO 3166-2:GS No

South Sudan SS SSD 728 ISO 3166-2:SS Yes

Spain ES ESP 724 ISO 3166-2:ES Yes

Sri Lanka LK LKA 144 ISO 3166-2:LK Yes

Sudan SD SDN 729 ISO 3166-2:SD Yes

Suriname SR SUR 740 ISO 3166-2:SR Yes

Svalbard and Jan Mayen[e] SJ SJM 744 ISO 3166-2:SJ No

Sweden SE SWE 752 ISO 3166-2:SE Yes

Switzerland CH CHE 756 ISO 3166-2:CH Yes

Syrian Arab Republic SY SYR 760 ISO 3166-2:SY Yes

Taiwan, Province of China[b] TW TWN 158 ISO 3166-2:TW No

Tajikistan TJ TJK 762 ISO 3166-2:TJ Yes

Tanzania, United Republic of TZ TZA 834 ISO 3166-2:TZ Yes

Thailand TH THA 764 ISO 3166-2:TH Yes

Timor-Leste TL TLS 626 ISO 3166-2:TL Yes

Togo TG TGO 768 ISO 3166-2:TG Yes

Tokelau TK TKL 772 ISO 3166-2:TK No

Tonga TO TON 776 ISO 3166-2:TO Yes

Trinidad and Tobago TT TTO 780 ISO 3166-2:TT Yes

Tunisia TN TUN 788 ISO 3166-2:TN Yes

Türkiye TR TUR 792 ISO 3166-2:TR Yes

Turkmenistan TM TKM 795 ISO 3166-2:TM Yes

Turks and Caicos Islands TC TCA 796 ISO 3166-2:TC No

 Link to
English shor t name Alpha- Alpha- Numeric
ISO 3166- Independent
(using t it le case) 2 code 3 code code
2

Tuvalu TV TUV 798 ISO 3166-2:TV Yes

Uganda UG UGA 800 ISO 3166-2:UG Yes

Ukraine UA UKR 804 ISO 3166-2:UA Yes

United Arab Emirates AE ARE 784 ISO 3166-2:AE Yes

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland GB GBR 826 ISO 3166-2:GB Yes

United States of America US USA 840 ISO 3166-2:US Yes

United States Minor Outlying Islands[f] UM UMI 581 ISO 3166-2:UM No

Uruguay UY URY 858 ISO 3166-2:UY Yes

Uzbekistan UZ UZB 860 ISO 3166-2:UZ Yes

Vanuatu VU VUT 548 ISO 3166-2:VU Yes

Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of VE VEN 862 ISO 3166-2:VE Yes

Viet Nam VN VNM 704 ISO 3166-2:VN Yes

Virgin Islands (British) VG VGB 092 ISO 3166-2:VG No

Virgin Islands (U.S.) VI VIR 850 ISO 3166-2:VI No

Wallis and Futuna WF WLF 876 ISO 3166-2:WF No

Western Sahara[b] EH ESH 732 ISO 3166-2:EH No

Yemen YE YEM 887 ISO 3166-2:YE Yes

Zambia ZM ZMB 894 ISO 3166-2:ZM Yes

Zimbabwe ZW ZWE 716 ISO 3166-2:ZW Yes

Reserved and user-assigned code elements

The officially assigned code element s may be expanded by using eit her reserved codes or user-assigned
codes.[1]

Reserved code element s are codes which have become obsolet e, are used in ot her coding syst ems such
as WIPO ST.3, or are required in order t o enable a part icular user applicat ion of t he st andard but do not
qualify for inclusion in ISO 3166-1. To avoid t ransit ional applicat ion problems and t o aid users who require
specific addit ional code element s for t he funct ioning of t heir coding syst ems, t he ISO 3166/MA, when
just ified, reserves t hese codes for a cert ain use for a limit ed or indet erminat e period of t ime. Codes are
usually reserved for former count ries, overseas t errit ories, int ernat ional organizat ions, and special
nat ionalit y st at us. The reserved alpha-2 and alpha-3 codes can be divided int o four cat egories:
(follow the links for the reserved codes of each category)

Alpha-2: except ional reservat ions, t ransit ional reservat ions, indet erminat e reservat ions, and codes
agreed not t o use
 Alpha-3: except ional reservat ions, t ransit ional reservat ions, indet erminat e reservat ions, and codes
agreed not t o use

Numeric: no reserved codes

User-assigned code element s are codes at t he disposal of users who need t o add furt her names of
count ries, t errit ories, or ot her geographical ent it ies t o t heir in-house applicat ion of ISO 3166-1, and t he
ISO 3166/MA will never use t hese codes when updat ing t he st andard. These codes can be user-
assigned:[14]

Alpha-2: AA, QM t o QZ, XA t o XZ, and ZZ

Alpha-3: AAA t o AAZ, QMA t o QZZ, XAA t o XZZ, and ZZA t o ZZZ

Numeric: 900 t o 999

User-assigned codes in wide use
XI: Used t o denot e Nort hern Ireland for t he purposes of VAT collect ion in t rade bet ween it and t he
European Union.[15]

Changes

The ISO 3166/MA updat es ISO 3166-1 when necessary. A count ry is normally assigned new ISO 3166-1
codes if it changes it s name or it s t errit orial boundaries. In general, new alphabet ic codes are assigned if a
count ry changes a significant part of it s name, while a new numeric code is assigned if a count ry changes
it s t errit orial boundaries. Codes for count ry names t hat have been delet ed from ISO 3166-1 are published
in ISO 3166-3.

ISO formerly announced changes in newslet t ers which updat ed t he st andard, and periodically released
new edit ions which consolidat ed t he newslet t er changes. As of July 2013, changes are published in t he
online cat alogue of ISO only, and newslet t ers are no longer published. Past newslet t ers remain available
via t he search opt ion on t he ISO websit e.[16]
 Dat e
Edit ion/Newslet t er Cont ent s
issued

ISO 3166:1974 1974 First edition of ISO 3166

ISO 3166:1981 1981 Second edition of ISO 3166

ISO 3166:1988 1988-08-15 Third edition of ISO 3166

ISO 3166:1994 1994-02-10 Fourth edition of ISO 3166

First edition of ISO 3166-1 (ISO 3166 expanded into

ISO 3166-1:1997 1997-09-25
three parts)

Newsletter V-1 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-1_samoa.pdf)
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181207045726/ht
1998-02-05 Change of official name (Samoa)
tps://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pd
f/en/newsletter_v-1_samoa.pdf) 2018-12-07 at the
Wayback Machine

Newsletter V-2 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-2_palestinian_territory
_occupied.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2 Inclusion of new country name and code
1999-10-01
0110722001642/http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-2_pal elements (Palestinian Territory, Occupied)
estinian_territory_occupied.pdf) 2011-07-22 at the
Wayback Machine

Newsletter V-3 (https://web.archive.org/web/20110722001

2002-02-01 Change of alpha-3 Code Element (Romania)
502/http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-3_romania.pdf)

Newsletter V-4 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-4_name_changes.pd Name changes (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Bahrain,
f) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2018120710281 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Fiji, Hong Kong,
2002-05-20
3/https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/ Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Macao, Niue, Somalia,
pdf/en/newsletter_v-4_name_changes.pdf) 2018-12-07 Venezuela)
at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter V-5 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-5_east_timor.pdf)
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181207102801/ht Change of names and alphabetical code
2002-05-20
tps://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pd elements of East Timor
f/en/newsletter_v-5_east_timor.pdf) 2018-12-07 at the
Wayback Machine

Newsletter V-6 (https://web.archive.org/web/20110722001

711/http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-6_timor_leste.pd 2002-11-15 Change of names of East Timor
f)

Newsletter V-7 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-7_comoros.pdf)
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181207102735/ht
2003-01-14 Change of official name of Comoros
tps://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pd
f/en/newsletter_v-7_comoros.pdf) 2018-12-07 at the
Wayback Machine
Newsletter V-8 (https://web.archive.org/web/20110722001 Deletion of "Yugoslavia"; inclusion of "Serbia and
734/http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-8_serbia_and_mo 2003-07-23 Montenegro" with new alphabetical code
ntenegro.pdf) elements

Newsletter V-9 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-9_aland_islands.pd
f) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2016030321505 2004-02-13 Inclusion of an entry for Åland Islands
9/http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-9_aland_islands.pd
f) 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter V-10 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-10_name_changes.pd
f) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2018120710291
2004-04-26 Name changes (Afghanistan, Åland Islands)
1/https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/
pdf/en/newsletter_v-10_name_changes.pdf) 2018-12-07
at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter V-11 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-11_jersey_guernsey_is
le_of_man.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2 Inclusion of an entry for Jersey, Guernsey and Isle
2006-03-29
0181207102850/https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor of Man. Change of remark for the United Kingdom
g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_v-11_jersey_guernsey_is
le_of_man.pdf) 2018-12-07 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter V-12 (https://web.archive.org/web/2011072119

Inclusion of the new entries for "Serbia" and
1046/http://www.iso.org/iso/newsletter_v-12_serbia_mont 2006-09-26
"Montenegro" (replacing Serbia and Montenegro)
enegro.pdf)

ISO 3166-1:2006 (http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/cat

alogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=39719)
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090707024046/ht
2006-11-20 Second edition of ISO 3166-1
tp://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalog
ue_detail.htm?csnumber=39719) 2009-07-07 at the
Wayback Machine

ISO 3166-1:2006/
Cor 1:2007 (http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogu
e_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=46123) Archived
(https://web.archive.org/web/20110606055741/http://ww 2007-07-15 First Technical Corrigendum to ISO 3166-1:2006
w.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_deta
il.htm?csnumber=46123) 2011-06-06 at the Wayback
Machine

Newsletter VI-1 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

Assignment of code elements for Saint
g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_vi-1.pdf) Archived (htt
Barthélemy and Saint Martin and update of France
ps://web.archive.org/web/20180910200804/https://www.is 2007-09-21
and other French Territories (French Polynesia,
o.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/newslett
French Southern Territories, Guadeloupe, Réunion)
er_vi-1.pdf) 2018-09-10 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-2 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor 2008-03-31 Name changes for Moldova, Montenegro and
g/files/archive/pdf/en/iso3166-1_newsletter_vi-2.pdf) other minor corrections (Madagascar, Palestinian
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180726072613/ht Territory, Occupied, Saint Barthélemy)
tps://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pd
f/en/iso3166-1_newsletter_vi-2.pdf) 2018-07-26 at the
Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-3 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/n567_newsletter.pdf) Archived (h Name change for Nepal and other minor
ttps://web.archive.org/web/20180725115404/https://www.i 2008-09-09 corrections (Greenland, Guernsey, Moldova,
so.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/n567_n Nigeria)
ewsletter.pdf) 2018-07-25 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-4 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_vi-4_name_change_for_r
epublic_of_moldova_and_other_minor_corrections_e_-4.pd
Name change for the Republic of Moldova and
f) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2018072512061
2009-01-07 other minor corrections (Central African Republic,
6/https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/
Comoros)
pdf/en/newsletter_vi-4_name_change_for_republic_of_mol
dova_and_other_minor_corrections_e_-4.pdf) 2018-07-25
at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-5 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_vi-5.pdf) Archived (htt Name change for Bolivarian Republic of
ps://web.archive.org/web/20180726072605/https://www.is 2009-03-03 Venezuela and other minor corrections (Kiribati,
o.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/newslett Tuvalu)
er_vi-5.pdf) 2018-07-26 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-6 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_vi-6_name_change_pluri
national_state_of_bolivia.pdf) Archived (https://web.arch
ive.org/web/20180725121114/https://www.iso.org/files/liv 2009-05-08 Name change for Plurinational State of Bolivia
e/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_vi-6_name
_change_plurinational_state_of_bolivia.pdf) 2018-07-25 at
the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-7 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter_vi-7_2010-02
-22.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2018072 Name change for Saint Helena, Ascension and
2010-02-22
0105405/https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/a Tristan da Cunha
rchive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter_vi-7_2010-02-22.pd
f) 2018-07-20 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-8 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter_vi-8_split_of Code elements for Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and
_the_dutch_antilles_final-en.pdf) Archived (https://web.a Saba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten (Dutch part),
rchive.org/web/20190809163925/https://www.iso.org/file 2010-12-15 update of other territories (Netherlands,
s/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsl Netherlands Antilles) and minor corrections
etter_vi-8_split_of_the_dutch_antilles_final-en.pdf) 2019- (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia)
08-09 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-9 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor 2011-06-12 Name changes for Fiji and Myanmar as well as
g/files/archive/pdf/en/newsletter_vi-9_fiji-myanmar_and_o (corrected other minor corrections (Åland Islands, Bonaire,
ther_minor_corrections-incl_bulgaria.pdf) Archived (http 2011-07-14)
s://web.archive.org/web/20190618232219/https://www.iso. Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bulgaria, Netherlands,
org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/newslette Niue)
r_vi-9_fiji-myanmar_and_other_minor_corrections-incl_bulgar
ia.pdf) 2019-06-18 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-10 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/nl_vi-10_south_sudan.pdf)
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180724110125/ht Code elements for South Sudan (and new numeric
2011-08-09
tps://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pd code for Sudan)
f/en/nl_vi-10_south_sudan.pdf) 2018-07-24 at the
Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-11 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/nl_vi-11_name_change_for_libya.pd
f) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2019052303120
2011-11-08 Name change for Libya
8/https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/
pdf/en/nl_vi-11_name_change_for_libya.pdf) 2019-05-23
at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-12 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_nl_vi-12_name_change_f Name change for Hungary and other minor
or_hungary.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2 corrections (Bangladesh, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius
2012-02-15
0190523031230/https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor and Saba, Central African Republic, Equatorial
g/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_nl_vi-12_name_change_f Guinea, Eritrea, Germany)
or_hungary.pdf) 2019-05-23 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-13 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/nl_vi-13_name_change_for_eritrea.p
df) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190412083 Name change for Eritrea and other minor
2012-08-02
054/https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archiv corrections (Germany, Sri Lanka)
e/pdf/en/nl_vi-13_name_change_for_eritrea.pdf) 2019-
04-12 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-14 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter_vi-14_name_ Name change for State of Palestine and other
change_state_of_palestine.pdf) Archived (https://web.ar minor corrections (Bulgaria, Bouvet Island, Jersey,
2013-02-06
chive.org/web/20131103041628/http://www.iso.org/iso/iso Saint Martin (French part), Seychelles, Sint Maarten
_3166-1_newsletter_vi-14_name_change_state_of_palestin (Dutch part), Viet Nam)
e.pdf) 2013-11-03 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-15 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor

g/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter__vi-15_name
_change_for_papua_new_guinea.pdf) Archived (https://w
eb.archive.org/web/20180725121048/https://www.iso.org/f 2013-05-10 Name change for Papua New Guinea
iles/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_new
sletter__vi-15_name_change_for_papua_new_guinea.pdf)
2018-07-25 at the Wayback Machine

Newsletter VI-16 (https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoor 2013-07-11 Name change for Somalia

g/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter__vi-16_name
_change_for_somalia_en.pdf) Archived (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20180724110014/https://www.iso.org/files/liv
e/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter
__vi-16_name_change_for_somalia_en.pdf) 2018-07-24 at
the Wayback Machine

Third edition of ISO 3166-1 (changes are published

in the online catalogue (https://isotc.iso.org/livelink/l
ISO 3166-1:2013 (http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.h ivelink?func=ll&objId=16944257&objAction=browse
tm?csnumber=63545) Archived (https://web.archive.org/ &viewType=1) Archived (https://web.archive.org/w
web/20140304175136/http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_d 2013-11-19 eb/20221021172049/https://isotc.iso.org/livelink/liv
etail.htm?csnumber=63545) 2014-03-04 at the Wayback elink?func=ll&objId=16944257&objAction=browse&v
Machine iewType=1) 2022-10-21 at the Wayback Machine
of ISO only and no newsletters are published
anymore)

ISO 3166-1:2020 (https://www.iso.org/standard/72482.htm

l) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2020123016002
2020-08 Fourth edition of ISO 3166-1
6/https://www.iso.org/standard/72482.html) 2020-12-30
at the Wayback Machine

See also

Count ry code
Geography portal
Int ernat ional Organizat ion for St andardizat ion
ISO 3166
ISO 3166-1

ISO 3166-2

ISO 3166-3

List of ISO 3166 count ry codes

Int ernat ional vehicle regist rat ion code

Count ry code t op-level domain

List of Int ernet t op-level domains
ISO 639 – Codes for the representation of names of languages

List s of count ries and t errit ories

Sovereign st at e
List of sovereign st at es

List of st at es wit h limit ed recognit ion

Dependent t errit ory

Timeline of hist orical geopolit ical changes

 Unit ed Nat ions
Member st at es of t he Unit ed Nat ions

Unit ed Nat ions list of non-self-governing t errit ories

List of IOC count ry codes

List of CGF count ry codes

Notes

a. No full name in ISO 3166.

b. See also the table in § Naming and disputes above.

c. Comprising Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba.

d. Comprising Saint Helena, Ascension Island, and Tristan da Cunha.

e. Comprising Svalbard and Jan Mayen.

f. Comprising Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Navassa
Island, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island.

References

1. "Country Codes – ISO 3166" (https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-country-codes.html) . International

Organization for Standardization (ISO). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170123191048/http://www.
iso.org/iso/iso-3166-1_ decoding_ table) from the original on 2017-01-23. Retrieved 2018-05-09.

2. "Country names and code elements" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/) . ISO. Archived (https://

web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/) from the original on
2016-06-17. Retrieved 2020-09-07. "Officially assigned codes 249"

3. "Qualifying top-level domain strings: Eligible categories of top-level domains" (https://www.iana.org/help/elig

ible-tlds) . Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140228181535/h
ttps://www.iana.org/help/eligible-tlds) from the original on 2014-02-28. Retrieved 2014-02-25.

4. "ISO 3166 – FAQs – General Questions" (https://web.archive.org/web/20070306080355/http://www.iso.org/i

so/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/10faq/frequently-asked-questions.html#Q07) . ISO. Archived from the
original (http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/10faq/frequently-asked-questions.html#Q0
7) on 2007-03-06.

5. "ISO 3166 – FAQs – Specific" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120616044022/http://www.iso.org/iso/country

_ codes/iso_ 3166-faqs/iso_ 3166_ faqs_ specific.htm) . ISO. Archived from the original (http://www.iso.org/i
so/country_ codes/iso_ 3166-faqs/iso_ 3166_ faqs_ specific.htm) on 2012-06-16.

6. "ISO 3166 information for AF" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:AF) . International Organization

for Standardization. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#i
so:code:3166:AF) from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2022-02-18.
 7. "ISO 3166 information for CN" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:CN) . International Organization
for Standardization. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#i
so:code:3166:CN) from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2021-09-27.

8. "ISO 3166 information for CY" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:CY) . International Organization

for Standardization. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#i
so:code:3166:CY) from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2021-09-27.

9. "ISO 3166 information for FK" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FK) . International Organization

for Standardization. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#i
so:code:3166:FK) from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2021-09-27.

10. "ISO 3166 information for PS" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:PS) . International Organization

for Standardization. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#i
so:code:3166:PS) from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2021-09-27. "Remark: Conventional names."

11. "ISO 3166 information for T W" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:T W) . International

Organization for Standardization. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.
org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:T W) from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2021-09-27.

12. "ISO 3166 information for EH" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:EH) . International Organization

for Standardization. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#i
so:code:3166:EH) from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2021-09-27. "Remark: Provisional name"

13. "Country names and code elements" (https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/) . ISO. Archived (https://
web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/) from the original on
2016-06-17. Retrieved 2014-02-25.

14. "Glossary for ISO 3166 - Codes for countries and their subdivisions" (https://www.iso.org/glossary-for-iso-
3166.html) . ISO. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180728035756/https://www.iso.org/glossary-for
-iso-3166.html) from the original on 2018-07-28. Retrieved 2018-11-13.

15. "Check if you're trading under the Northern Ireland protocol and what to do" (https://www.gov.uk/governme
nt/publications/accounting-for-vat-on-goods-moving-between-great-britain-and-northern-ireland-from-1-ja
nuary-2021/check-when-you-are-trading-under-the-northern-ireland-protocol-if-you-are-vat-registered-busin
ess) . HM Revenue & Customs, UK. 2020-12-07. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210109220340/ht
tps://www.gov.uk/government/publications/accounting-for-vat-on-goods-moving-between-great-britain-an
d-northern-ireland-from-1-january-2021/check-when-you-are-trading-under-the-northern-ireland-protocol-if-
you-are-vat-registered-business) from the original on 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2021-01-08.

16. "ISO 3166-1 - New access" (https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-1-new-access.html) . ISO. Archived (https://web.

archive.org/web/20210509094130/https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-country-codes.html) from the original on
2021-05-09. Retrieved 2017-07-19.

Sources and external links

ISO 3166 Maint enance Agency (ht t ps://www.iso.org/iso-3166-count ry-codes.ht ml) Archived (ht t ps://
web.archive.org/web/20170123191048/ht t p://www.iso.org/iso/iso-3166-1_ decoding_ t able) 2017-
01-23 at t he Wayback Machine, Int ernat ional Organizat ion for St andardizat ion (ISO)
Count ry names and code element s (ht t ps://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/) Archived (ht t p
s://web.archive.org/web/20160617031837/ht t ps://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/) 2016-
06-17 at t he Wayback Machine — list of alpha-2 codes

Standard Country or Area Codes for Statistical Use (ht t p://unst at s.un.org/unsd/met hods/m49/m49.ht
m) Archived (ht t ps://web.archive.org/web/20200417090346/ht t ps://unst at s.un.org/unsd/met hods/m
49/m49.ht m) 2020-04-17 at t he Wayback Machine, Unit ed Nat ions St at ist ics Division
Count ries or areas, codes and abbreviat ions (ht t p://unst at s.un.org/unsd/met hods/m49/m49alpha.h
t m) Archived (ht t ps://web.archive.org/web/20140628144412/ht t p://unst at s.un.org/unsd/met ho
ds/m49/m49alpha.ht m) 2014-06-28 at t he Wayback Machine — list of alpha-3 and numeric
codes (a few t errit ories officially assigned codes in ISO 3166-1 are not included in t his list )

The World Factbook (public domain), Cent ral Int elligence Agency
Appendix D – Count ry Dat a Codes (ht t ps://www.cia.gov/t he-world-fact book/references/count ry-
dat a-codes/) Archived (ht t ps://web.archive.org/web/20211224050156/ht t ps://www.cia.gov/t he
-world-fact book/references/count ry-dat a-codes/) 2021-12-24 at t he Wayback Machine —
comparison of GEC (formerly FIPS 10-4), ISO 3166, and STANAG 1059 count ry codes