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    Fundamentals of Number System

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    amitsaxena17
    The document discusses different types of numbers and number systems. It defines numbers, number systems, and describes the classification of numbers into real and complex numbers. Real numbers are further classified into rational and irrational numbers. Rational numbers are classified into integers, fractions, and mixed numbers. Important properties of real numbers are also outlined.

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    Fundamentals of Number System

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    amitsaxena17
    3K views5 pages
    The document discusses different types of numbers and number systems. It defines numbers, number systems, and describes the classification of numbers into real and complex numbers. Real numbers are further classified into rational and irrational numbers. Rational numbers are classified into integers, fractions, and mixed numbers. Important properties of real numbers are also outlined.

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    The document discusses different types of numbers and number systems. It defines numbers, number systems, and describes the classification of numbers into real and complex numbers. Real numbers are further classified into rational and irrational numbers. Rational numbers are classified into integers, fractions, and mixed numbers. Important properties of real numbers are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    3K views5 pages

    Fundamentals of Number System

    Uploaded by

    amitsaxena17
    The document discusses different types of numbers and number systems. It defines numbers, number systems, and describes the classification of numbers into real and complex numbers. Real numbers are further classified into rational and irrational numbers. Rational numbers are classified into integers, fractions, and mixed numbers. Important properties of real numbers are also outlined.

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    of 5

    Fundamentals of Number System:

    Number: This is one of the simplest mathematical structure. This theory is one of the
    oldest part of mathematics and fundamental to study of subjects like mathematics,
    science , physics etc.
    India’s contribution to the world in Number theory is ZERO ‘0’. Brahmagupta was the
    astronomer who introduced the concept of Zero for the first time.

    Number System: A number system is the set of symbols used to express quantities as
    the basis for counting, determining order, comparing amounts, performing calculations,
    and representing value. It is the set of characters and mathematical rules that are used to
    represent a number.

    Classification of Numbers:

    Number Line: A number line is a one-dimensional graph used to represent the numbers
    with ‘Zero’ as the reference point such that the positive numbers are to the right of ‘0’and
    negative numbers are to its left.

    -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

    All Numbers can be classified in two categories.

    Real Numbers: All numbers that can be represented on the number line are called real
    number.

    Complex Number: The numbers that cannot be represented on the number line are
    called complex numbers..
    All real numbers can be classified further as follows.

    Real Numbers

    Rational Irrational

    Integer Fraction Algebraic Transcendental

    Proper Improper Mixed


    (p/q, Where q>p) (p/q, Where p>q) (a p/q, where q>p and a is an integer)

    Whole Number Natural Numbers Negative Integers

    Important Notes:

     No number can be both rational and irrational.


     All rational numbers are terminating or recurring
     Zero is neither negative nor positive
     All irrational numbers are non-terminating and non-recurring.
     One is neither a prime nor a composite number.
     Two is only even prime number.
    Complex Numbers:
    Simplest form in which a complex number is written is a+ib, where a and b are
    the real number and i is the imaginary unit whose value is √-1.

    Example: 5i, -2i, √3i

    Set of complex numbers is denoted by C. For a complex number a+ib, can not be equal to
    zero. If a=0 and b≠0 then the number becomes a purely imaginary number. Any real
    number can be written in the form of complex number . since any real number x can be
    written as x +i(0).

    Real Numbers: The set of real numbers includes all integers, positive and negative; all
    fractions; and the irrational numbers, those whose decimal expansions never repeat.

    It is very useful to picture the real numbers as points on the real line, as shown here.
    PROPERTIES OF REAL NUMBERS
    The following table lists the defining properties of the real numbers (technically called
    the field axioms). These laws define how the things we call numbers should behave.

    Addition Multiplication
    Commutative Commutative

    For all real a, b For all real a, b

    a+b=b+a ab = ba
    Associative Associative

    For all real a, b, c For all real a, b, c

    a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c (ab)c = a(bc)
    Identity Identity

    There exists a real number 0 There exists a real number 1


    such that for every real a such that for every real a

    a+0=a a×1=a
    Additive Inverse Multiplicative Inverse
    (Opposite) (Reciprocal)

    For every real number a there For every real number a except 0
    exist a real number, denoted there exist a real number,
    (−a), such that
    denoted , such that
    a + (−a) = 0

    a× =1

    Distributive Law

    For all real a, b, c

    a(b + c) = ab + ac, and (a + b)c = ac + bc


    Rational:

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