Scribd
Upload
10 views7 pages

OC Expt1

Uploaded by

jatin soni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views7 pages

OC Expt1

Uploaded by

jatin soni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Department

Experiment No.1

OBJECTIVE

To study and plot the refractive index profile for step index and graded index fibre using MATLAB.

THEORY

Step Index Fiber:


The optical fiber considered in the preceding sections with a core of constant refractive index n1 and a
cladding of a slightly lower refractive index n2 is known as step index fiber. This is because the
refractive index profile for this type of fiber makes a step change at the core–cladding interface, as
indicated in Figure 2.21, which illustrates the two major types of step index fiber. The refractive index
profile may be defined as

Figure shows a single-mode or monomode step index fiber which allows the propagation of only one
transverse electromagnetic mode (typically HE11), and hence the core diameter must be of the order
of 2 to 10 μm. The propagation of a single mode is illustrated in Figure as corresponding to a single
ray path only (usually shown as the axial ray) through the fiber.
The single-mode step index fiber has the distinct advantage of low intermodal dispersion (broadening
of transmitted light pulses), as only one mode is transmitted, whereas with multimode step index fiber
considerable dispersion may occur due to the differing group velocities of the propagating modes .
This in turn restricts the maximum bandwidth attainable with multimode step index fibers, especially
when compared with single-mode fibers. However, for lower bandwidth applications multimode fibers
have several advantages over single-mode fibers. These are: (a) the use of spatially incoherent optical
sources (e.g. most light-emitting diodes) which cannot be efficiently coupled to single-mode fibers;
(b) larger numerical apertures, as well as core diameters, facilitating easier coupling to optical sources;
(c) lower tolerance requirements on fiber connectors.
Graded Index Fiber:
In the graded-index fiber design the core refractive index decreases continuously with increasing radial
distance r from the center of the fiber but is generally constant in the cladding. The most commonly
used construction for the refractive-index variation in the core is the power law relationship

Multimode graded index fibers exhibit far less intermodal dispersion than multimode step index fibers
due to their refractive index profile.
The parameters defined for step index fibers (i.e. NA, Δ, V) may be applied to graded index fibers and give a
comparison between the two fiber types. However, it must be noted that for graded index fibers the situation
is more complicated since the NA is a function of the radial distance from the fiber axis. Graded index
fibers, therefore, accept less light than corresponding step index fibers with the same relative refractive
index difference.
Conclusion:
Code:

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy