PLAGIARISM SCAN REPORT

Date 2024-07-05

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ABSTRACT
In today's healthcare and wellness context, the measurement of plantar pressure plays a pivotal role in assessing foot
health and preventing a spectrum of related conditions. This project introduces a sophisticated system designed to achieve
precise and real-time analysis of pressure distribution across the foot. Utilizing a grid of 256 piezoelectric sensors
organized in a 16x16 configuration, managed efficiently through multiplexers and interfaced with an Arduino Mega 2560,
the system enables comprehensive monitoring of how pressure varies across different regions of the foot during various
activities. This capability not only aids in diagnosing foot ailments but also enhances strategies for treatment and
prevention, particularly in fields such as podiatry, orthopedics, and sports medicine where understanding biomechanical
stresses is crucial for optimizing performance and preventing injuries.
The system's ability to transmit data to a serial monitor for immediate feedback ensures that healthcare professionals and
researchers can make informed decisions swiftly. Moreover, its scalable design allows for the integration of additional
sensors, ensuring adaptability to diverse research needs and future advancements in foot health assessment technology.
By providing a robust tool for detailed pressure mapping, this project contributes to advancing our understanding of foot
biomechanics and underscores the importance of precise pressure analysis in promoting overall health and well-being.

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Plantar pressure is the amount of force exerted on the foot against the ground or walking surface as one walks, runs, or
simply stands. It is typically highest in the heel and arch area and varies depending on posture, gait, footwear and other
factors. Plantar pressure measurement offers the opportunity to assess foot biomechanics non-invasively and can
contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of various foot pathologies, tailored orthotic prescription, sports performance,
gait mechanics assessment and foot health and biomechanics research. Understanding the distribution of plantar pressure
and quantifying it allows clinicians, researchers and athletes to apply specific, effective interventions to promote foot
health, prevent injury and enhance mobility and quality of life.
The bottom of the foot does not have the same pressure everywhere. Instead, it has different parts like the heel, middle,
and front that bear different amounts of pressure. This depends on things like how you stand, walk, or what shoes you
wear. Spots with high pressure, called hotspots, can show where you might get hurt or feel pain, especially if you have
conditions like diabetes or foot problems. Knowing how pressure is spread on the foot is super important for finding and
treating foot problems, making custom shoe inserts, boosting sports performance, checking how people walk, and doing
research about foot health and how bodies move. By getting the right info about foot pressure, medical pros, scientists,
and athletes can make plans that help keep feet healthy, let people move well, and improve overall health.
Plantar pressure is a key outcome measure in foot health and biomechanical assessment. Quantifying the plantar pressure
distribution enables insights into many aspects of human movement and musculoskeletal health. Firstly, plantar pressure
data can be used as a clinical measure to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of foot disorders from diabetic foot ulcers to
structural deformities. Secondly, plantar pressure data can be used to inform orthotic prescription to create individualised
interventions to change the plantar pressure distribution and relieve symptoms.
1.2 NEED FOR PLANTAR PRESSURE MEASUREMENT
Measuring pressure on the bottom of the foot is very important for many reasons. First, it helps doctors figure out foot
problems like diabetic nerve issues, plantar fasciitis, and sores caused by pressure. Second, it helps make special shoe
inserts that fit each person's needs and make it easier on their feet. Also, it helps athletes do better in sports, helps figure

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out how the body moves during exercise, and stops injuries by finding spots that have too much pressure and how the
body moves. Lastly, it's very needed in doing studies to make progress in how the body moves and feet care. This helps
make new treatments and ways to help people have good foot health and feel better overall.
1.3 SUMMARY
The exploration of plantar pressure management and analysis offers significant potential for improving foot health. This
project aims to leverage advanced technologies to monitor and manage plantar pressures effectively. Ultimately, it seeks to
enhance treatment outcomes for various foot-related conditions.

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE
2.1 INTRODUCTION
The literature survey chapter offers an in-depth examination of existing scholarly works relevant to the project, highlighting
significant findings and identifying gaps in the current research. This analysis sets the stage for the project's objectives,
ensuring a well-informed and focused approach.

2.2 LITERATURE SURVEY

An Insole Plantar Pressure Measurement System Based on 3D Forces Piezoelectric Sensor

AUTHOR: Jicheng Zhao, Yemin Guo, and Lanmei Wang

PUBLISHED: Sensors & Transducers -2013
The paper titled "An Insole Plantar Pressure Measurement System Based on 3D Forces Piezoelectric Sensor". This study
details the development of an insole plantar pressure device integrated with piezoelectric sensors for real-life monitoring
of plantar pressure. The system includes an insole with eight measurement points, wireless data transmission, and an
embedded computer, aimed at providing clinical applications for daily activity monitoring.

Plantar pressure measurement system based on piezoelectric sensor

AUTHOR: Yan-lin
PUBLISHED: Emerald Publishing Limited -2021

Prototype of Warehouse Automation System Using Arduino Mega 2560 Microcontroller

AUTHOR: Yusuf Kurnia, Jeksen Li Sie

PUBLISHED: Research Gate -2018
In their 2019 article, Yusuf Kurnia and Jeksen Li Sie develop a warehouse automation system using the Arduino Mega 2560
microcontroller and IoT technology to enhance efficiency and security. The system integrates sensors, actuators, and
remote monitoring through a smartphone application, operating effectively in both online and offline modes. They
conclude that the system significantly improves warehouse operations and suggest further enhancements for power
management and connectivity flexibility.
2.3 SUMMARY
The literature survey highlights the critical advancements and existing gaps in plantar pressure management and analysis.
It underscores the importance of integrating novel technologies for more accurate assessment and intervention. This
foundation sets the stage for developing innovative solutions in the subsequent chapters of this project.

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