01 Energy

Overview of Power System: Generation,
Transmission, and Distribution

Power Generation Options
Global Power Generation Scenario
Survey of Power Plants in Bangladesh
Energy and its types
• Energy is defined as the capacity of a body for doing work

• Energy can take a variety of forms:
• Mechanical energy – potential and kinetic energy
• Electrical energy
• Electrical energy can be stored in a capacitor
• Chemical energy
• Both mechanical and electrical energy can be converted into heat
which itself is a form of energy
Sources of Energy
Renewable and Non-renewable
Sources of Energy
• Renewable • Non – Renewable

An energy source that can An energy source that we
be replenished in a cannot replace
short period of time
Energy Sources
Related Units
• The energy content of the electricity is assumed to be 1 TWh = 0.086

Mtoe
Global Primary Energy Supply (Mtoe) 1971 – 2012
Source: IEA, 2017

Global Supply of Primary Energy (Mtoe) by
Region from 1971 to 2015
Source: IEA, 2017

Crude Oil Production (Mt)
Source: IEA, 2017

Natural Gas Production (billion cubic metre)
Source: IEA, 2017

Coal Production (Mt)
Source: IEA, 2017

World Total FEC by Fuel (Mtoe)
Source: IEA, 2017

Nuclear Power Production (TWh)
Source: IEA, 2017

Nuclear Power
• In 2015, installed capacity was 373 GW

• Share of nuclear power in domestic electricity generation is the
highest in France 77.6%, Ukraine 54.1%, S. Korea 30%, and the UK
20.9%
Hydro-Electric Power (TWh)
Source: IEA, 2017

Hydro-Electric Power
• Net installed capacity in 2015 was 1205 GW

• Top four countries being PR China (332 GW), USA (102 GW), Brazil (92
GW), and Canada (79 GW)
• Hydro-electric's share in the total domestic production was the
highest for Norway 95.9%, followed by Venezuela 63.7%, Brazil
61.9%, and Canada 56.8%
Wind and Solar PV Electricity Production
• In 2015, the net installed capacity was 414 GW – the highest in PR

China (129.3 GW), followed by the US (72.6 GW), and Germany (44.7
GW)
• Total generation was 838 TWh with the highest in the US (193 TWh),
PR China being second with 186 TWh
• In the same year, net installed capacity for solar PV was 220.2 GW –
the three largest shareholders were PR China (43.2 GW), Germany
(39.8 GW), and Japan (34.2 GW)
• Total generation from solar PV plants was 247 TWh
Electricity Generation (TWh) by Fuel
Source: IEA, 2017

Electricity Generation by Region
Source: IEA, 2017

Regional Energy Situation in 2015
Region Prod (Mtoe) Net Import TPES (Mtoe) Elec Cons. Elec Cons.
(Mtoe) (TWh) (kWh/capita)
World 13,790 13,647 22,386 3,052
Asia 1,479 371 1,769 2,397 983
OECD 4,164 1,320 5,259 10,234 8,016
Bangladesh 31.2 7.0 37.9 52.5 326

India 554.4 306.8 851.1 1126.5 859
Nepal 9.8 2.0 11.7 3.9 138
Pakistan 70.9 23.7 93.9 92.2 488
Sri Lanka 5.4 6.0 11.4 12.3 585
Source: IEA, 2017

Power Generation in Bangladesh
BPDB
• Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) is a statutory body

created on May 1, 1972
• BPDB started its operation with Installed Generation capacity of only
200 MW which was increased to 22,482 MW in Sep 2022
• Maximum generation was 10,084 MW on 19 Mar 2018
• Only 58% of the population used to be served with Grid Connected
Electricity and per capita electricity consumption was only 285 kWh (FY -
2013)
• BPDB has a number of power generation and distribution companies
Some Statistics
• Capacity expansion plan: 24,000 MW by 2021

• Transmission lines:
• 400 kV: 950 ckt km
• 230 kV: 3658 ckt km
• 132 kV: 8228 ckt km
• Distribution lines: 33 kV, 11 kV and 11/0.4 kV
• Total distribution line: 35,565 km in Jun 2021
• Number of consumers: 34,51,450
Installed Capacity – Sep 2022
Solar 229.00 MW
Imported 1160.00 MW 1%
Hydro 230.00 MW 5%
1%
Coal 1768.00 MW
8%
HSD 1341.00 MW
6%
HFO 6278.00 MW
28%
Gas 11476.00 MW
51%
Fuel Type Coal 1768.00 MW Gas 11476.00 MW HFO 6278.00 MW

HSD 1341.00 MW Hydro 230.00 MW Imported 1 160.00 MW Solar 229.00 MW
Source: BPDB
Status of Power Plants
Owner Type No. of Power Plants Installed Capacity (MW)

Public GOB 55 10,758.5
Private IPP 53 7,283.3
SIPP 4 99
QRPP 12 983
RPP 9 412.9
Total 78 8,778.3
Import HVDC 1000
(from India)
Tripura 160
TOTAL 133 20,696.8
Source: BPDB
Location of Power Plants and Grid System
Source: BPDB
Anticipated Peak Demand
Forecasted Peak Demand (MW)
(Based on 7% GDP Growth Rate)
40,000
35,000
30,000
Peak Demand (MW) 25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
201 0 201 2 201 4 201 6 201 8 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 203 0
Fiscal Year
Source: www.bpdb.gov.bd

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Overview of Power System: Generation,

Transmission, and Distribution

• Energy is defined as the capacity of a body for doing work

• Renewable • Non – Renewable

• The energy content of the electricity is assumed to be 1 TWh = 0.086

Source: IEA, 2017

Source: IEA, 2017

Source: IEA, 2017

Source: IEA, 2017

Source: IEA, 2017

Source: IEA, 2017

Source: IEA, 2017

• In 2015, installed capacity was 373 GW

Source: IEA, 2017

• Net installed capacity in 2015 was 1205 GW

• In 2015, the net installed capacity was 414 GW – the highest in PR

Source: IEA, 2017

Source: IEA, 2017

Bangladesh 31.2 7.0 37.9 52.5 326

Source: IEA, 2017

• Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) is a statutory body

• Capacity expansion plan: 24,000 MW by 2021

Fuel Type Coal 1768.00 MW Gas 11476.00 MW HFO 6278.00 MW

Owner Type No. of Power Plants Installed Capacity (MW)

Peak Demand (MW) 25,000

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